₦airaland Forum

PlayerMeji:
An IP address is connecting Lazarus to a particular nation-state. For a brief moment, they had failed to cover their tracks. And the logs had indicated that the attack servers they used had been accessed at least once from a North Korean IP address. There was also a Korean language found embedded in the computer code. Now, it is important to note, that it is possible that North Korea was framed, with the attackers leaving behind purportedly substantial evidence to mislead investigators. But, according to the majority of cybersecurity experts, it is almost certain that North Korea was behind the attacks. And, it wasn’t just attacked on financial institutions, they were also revealed to be responsible for much cyber terrorism and cyber espionage campaigns against the South Korean government and various South Korean infrastructures.

Then there’s the Sony Pictures hack of 2014. One of the most significant corporate breaches in history. Lazarus had taken great exception to the plot of the film The Interview, where the North Korean leader, Kim Jong Un was targeted for assassination by the CIA. Cinemas across the US were threatened with terrorist attacks if the film wasn’t pulled. North Korea, of course, denied any responsibility. But, it seemed fairly evident that this group was actively targeting known enemies of the State.

I think NK has a soiled reputation too when it comes to cybersecurity.

You are right, NK has a very bad reputation. Yahoo Yahoo country. Lol

As the world grapples to eliminate fossil fuels from our energy diet, electric cars have seen an incredible boom over the past few years. Last year, over one million electric cars were sold around the world. The number of Nissan Leafs, Teslas, and other electric vehicles in circulation worldwide is now more than three million.

And while there are many brands of electric car to choose from, there are only two choices when it comes to powering electric vehicles: fuel cells or batteries. Both produce electricity to drive electric motors, eliminating the pollution and inefficiencies of the fossil fuel powered internal combustion engine. Both hydrogen and electricity for batteries can be produced from low or zero carbon sources, including renewable energy like solar and wind, and therefore both are being pursued by car manufacturers and researchers as the possible future of electric vehicles.

However, a great debate is being waged by supporters of each technology. Elon Musk has called hydrogen fuel cell technology “incredibly dumb,” claiming they’re more of a marketing ploy for automakers than a long-term solution. In contrast, Japan has announced its intention to become the world's first hydrogen society, with the Japanese government and the auto industry working together to introduce 160 hydrogen stations and 40,000 fuel-cell vehicles by March 2021. So which is actually better?

At first glance, hydrogen seems like an extremely clever way to power a car. Compressed hydrogen has a specific energy (aka energy per unit mass) of nearly 40,000 watt hours per kilogram. Lithium ion batteries at best have a specific energy of just 278 wh/kg, but most fall around 167 wh / kg. That's 236 times as much energy per kg for hydrogen. And because of its energy density and lightweight nature, compressed hydrogen and fuel cells can power cars for extended ranges without adding much weight.

The designers of electric vehicles are caught in a catch 22 with energy density and range. Each extra kilogram of battery weight to increase range requires extra structural weight, heavier brakes, a higher torque motor, and in turn more batteries to carry around this extra mass, This weight compounding limits how far a battery powered vehicle can travel, until new technology can help reduce the weight of the batteries.

For hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, this weight compounding is not an issue. Additionally, a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle can be refueled in under 5 minutes, where a battery powered electric vehicle, like the Tesla model S, takes over 3 hours to fully recharge. When looking at the range and refuel times hydrogen can offer, you can see why some car manufacturers are investing in this technology. On the face of it. Hydrogen is a clear winner, but it falls behind when we start considering the end-to-end production process. While both batteries and hydrogen fuel cells are both forms of electricity storage, the cost differ drastically.

Fully charging a Tesla Model 3 with a 75 kiloWatt hour battery, costs between 10-12 dollars depending where you live. With a rated range of 500 kilometers, that’s between 2 and 2.4 cent per kilometer. A great price. The hydrogen from this station cost $85 dollars to fill the 5 kg tank of the Toyota Mirais on site, which had a range of 480 kms. That’s 17.7 cent per kilometer, 8 times the price. And here lies the problem, Hydrogen simply requires more energy to produce.

To understand the economic viability of hydrogen let’s dig deeper into the production process. Before any hydrogen vehicle can hit the road, you first need to produce the hydrogen, but hydrogen is not a readily available energy source. Even though hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, it is usually stored in water, hydrocarbons, such as methane, and other organic matter. One of the challenges of using hydrogen as an energy storage mechanism comes from being able to efficiently extract it from these compounds.

In the US, the majority of hydrogen is produced through a process called steam reforming. Steam reforming is the process of combining high-temperature steam with natural gas to extract hydrogen. While steam reforming is the most common method of industrial hydrogen production, it requires a good deal of heat and is wildly inefficient. Hydrogen produced by steam reforming actually has less energy than the natural gas that the steam reforming began with. And while hydrogen fuel cells themselves don’t produce pollution, this process does. So if we want to assume a future scenario with as little carbon emission as possible, this method won’t cut it.

Another method to produce hydrogen is electrolysis - separating the hydrogen out of water using an electric current. While the electricity needed for this process can be provided from renewable sources, it requires even more energy input than steam reforming. You end up losing 30% of the energy from the original energy put in from the renewables when you carry out electrolysis.
So we are sitting at 70% energy efficiency from hydrogen fuel cells if traditional electrolysis is used, before the car even starts its engine. A slightly more efficient method of producing hydrogen is polymer exchange membrane electrolysis. Using this method, energy efficiencies can reach up to 80%, with the added benefit of being produced on site, which we will get to in a moment. But this is still a 20% loss of energy from the original electricity from the renewables. Some experts say the efficiency of PEM electrolysis is expected to reach 82-86% before 2030, which is a great improvement, but still well short of batteries charging efficiency at 99%. A 19% difference in production costs doesn’t explain the difference in costs yet, so where else are we losing energy.

The next hurdle in getting hydrogen fuel cell vehicles on the road is the transport and storage of the pure hydrogen. If we assume the hydrogen is produced on site, like it was for this petrol station, then we eliminate one energy sink, but the cost of storage is just as problematic. Hydrogen is extremely low density as a gas and liquid, and so in order to achieve adequate energy density, we have to increase its actual density. We can do this in two ways. We can compress the hydrogen to 790 times atmospheric pressure, but that takes energy, about 13% of the total energy content of the hydrogen itself. Alternatively we can turn hydrogen into liquid, cryogenically. The advantage of hydrogen liquefaction is that a cryogenic hydrogen tank is much lighter than a tank that can hold pressurized hydrogen. But again, hydrogen's physical properties means hydrogen is harder to liquefy than any other gas except helium. Hydrogen is liquified by reducing its temperature to -253°C, with an efficiency loss of 40%, once you factor in the added weight of the refrigerators and the refrigeration itself. So pressurisation is a better option at a 13% energy loss.

Once the hydrogen is produced and compressed to a liquid or gas, a viable hydrogen infrastructure requires that hydrogen be able to be delivered from where it's produced to the point of end-use, such as a vehicle refueling station. Where the hydrogen is produced can have a big impact on the cost and best method of delivery. For example, a large, centrally located hydrogen production facility can produce hydrogen at a lower cost because it is producing more, but it costs more to deliver the hydrogen because the point of use is farther away. In comparison, distributed production facilities produce hydrogen on site so delivery costs are relatively low, but the cost to produce the hydrogen is likely to be higher because production volumes are less.
While there are some small-scale, on-site hydrogen production facilities being installed at refuelling pumps. until this infrastructure is widespread, we have to assume that the majority of hydrogen is being transported by truck or pipeline, where we know that energy losses can range from 10% up to 40%.

In comparison, assuming that the electricity that we use for charging the batteries comes completely from renewable resources (like solar or wind), we just have to consider the transmission losses in the grid. Using the United States grid as a reference for typical grid losses, the average loss is only 5%. So in the best case scenario for hydrogen, using the most efficient means of production and transport, we lose 20% of energy during PEM electrolysis, and around 13% for compression and storage, amounting to a 33% loss. In other systems, this could be as much as 56%. For battery power, up to this point, we have lost just 6% to the grid and recharging. Bringing our best case efficiency difference to 27% and our worst case to 50%. The next stage of powering electric vehicles is what is called the tank to wheel conversion efficiency.

For hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, once the hydrogen is in the tank, it must be re-converted into electric power. This is done via a fuel cell, which essentially works like a PEM electrolyser, but in reverse. In a PEM fuel cell, hydrogen gas flows through channels to the anode, where a catalyst causes the hydrogen molecules to separate into protons and electrons. Once again the membrane only allows protons to pass through it, while electrons flow through an external circuit to the cathode.This flow of electrons is the electricity that is used to power the vehicles electric motors. If the fuel cell is powered with pure hydrogen, it has the potential to be up to around 60% efficient, with most of the wasted energy lost to heat. Like hydrogen fuel cells, batteries also come with inefficiencies and energy losses. The grid provides AC current while the batteries store the charge in DC. So to convert AC to DC, we need a charger. Using the Tesla Model S as an example, its peak charger efficiency is around 92%. The Tesla model S runs on AC motors; therefore, to convert the DC current supplied by the batteries into AC current, an inverter has to be used with an efficiency of roughly 90%. Additionally, lithium ion batteries can lose energy due to leakage. A good estimate for the charging efficiency of a lithium ion battery is 90%. All of these factors combined lead to a total efficiency of around 75%. However, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles also have some of these same inefficiencies. Any kind of electrolysis requires DC current, and therefore, a rectifier will be required to convert the AC current from the grid to DC. The conversion efficiency here is 92%. We also need to convert the DC current produced by the fuel cell to AC to power the motor through an inverter with an efficiency of 90%. Finally, the efficiency of the motor must be considered for both fuel cell and battery powered vehicles. Currently, this is around 90-95% for both of them, which is amazing when you consider that internal combustion engines running on petrol have an efficiency of only around 20-30%. If we add up all these inefficiencies and compare current generation batteries, to the best and worst case scenario of current gen hydrogen. We can see how they measure up. Even with the BEST case scenario. Not taking into account any transport due to onsite production, and assuming very high electrolysis efficiency of 80%, and assuming a HIGH fuel cell efficiency of 80%, hydrogen still comes out at less than half the efficiency. The worst case scenario is even worse off.

So while you may be able to go further on one fill-up of hydrogen in your fuel cell vehicle over a battery powered electric vehicle, the cost that is needed to deliver that one fill up would be astronomically higher compared to charging batteries due to these energy losses and efficiencies. Based on our worst case scenario, we would expect the cost per kilometre to be about 3.5 times greater for hydrogen, but as we saw earlier it’s actual 8 times the price. So additional costs of production unrelated to efficiencies are obviously at play. The cost of construction of the facility is one and the profit the station will take from sale is another. For now, these inefficiencies and costs are driving the market, where most investment and research is going into battery powered electric vehicles. So which wins?

Both are equally more green than internal combustion engines, assuming equal renewable resources are used to power them. Fuel cells allow for fast fill up times and long ranges; a big advantage. But battery powered vehicles might catch up in range by the time there are enough hydrogen stations to ever make fuel cell vehicles viable.

While fuel cells are efficient relative to combustion engines, they are not as efficient as batteries. They may make more sense for operation disconnected from the grid. For now, battery powered electric vehicles seem to be the sensible choice going forward in the quest for pollution free consumer transport. As battery-powered cars become more common, we’re also starting to see self-driving cars become the norm. Gradually, the job of driver is slowly automated away

https://blog.obiaks.com/181224080634/The-Truth-about-Hydrogen

PlayerMeji:
Wow.

This is incredible, the world needs to tighthen its securities against NK now.

Here we are still fighting over petrol and oil while a whole nation is robbing banks from across the world.

Its easier to point at NK, but there haven't been any conclusive report to implicate NK. Investigation stops at China, NK involvement remains a theory.

It’s not always easy getting the domain name you want, especially if it’s one of what are called generic top-level domains. That might be something ending with .com, .org., edu, .net. or .info.
We just searched online to see if we could get headlesschicken.com and we were told it’s a premium domain and would cost over $31,000. You buy a domain name from what’s called a registrar, and they reserve those names from registries. But if you wanted to buy headlesschicken.us, that would only set you back $4.99. We were told that in the first quarter of 2018, there were 333.8 million top level domain name registrations.

Getting the name you want might not be easy, or might be expensive, as we just found out with our headlesschicken.com. Today we’ll see who paid the most though,

First of all, if you’re wondering why .com domains can be so expensive, it’s just a matter of buying the best real estate. Brands are often most recognizable as .coms and it is a .com that will make your brand most visible in searches. As Forbes says, “Using a .com is the most authoritative way of guaranteeing your site will be found, along with providing other useful content around your brand.” It’s not just about being found, either, having a .com business gives it inherent value.

20.
Casino.com Human vices are a great business to be in and gambling is a temptation many people can’t turn away from. This domain was bought in 2003 for $5.5 million.
Of course, the site is all about gambling, offering games and a bunch of blogs on ways to risk losing your cash.

19.
Israel.com This was bought in 2008 for $5.88 million. It has an interesting story because it’s said the domain was first purchased in 1994 by a Jewish/American man so people couldn’t misuse the domain. He then sold it on and made a lot of money, although reports don’t say how much he bought it for. If you visit the site now, you guessed it, you get lots of information about the country Israel.

18.
iCloud.com iCloud.com is of course owned by the company Apple. It seems someone else had owned the domain and Apple had to pay out $6 million in 2011 to get it. The iCloud is where one can store all their data when there is too much to store locally. Apple also owns iCloud.org and iCloud.net. There are also reports that when Apple bought iCloud.com from a Swedish company called Xcerion it paid $4.5 million.

17.
Beer.com If you’re a fan of beer this is where you go, or went. Right now, it seems that domain is not working. Apparently, it was bought for $80,000 by a couple of guys who wanted people to talk about beer, how to brew, the best beers, drinking games, etc. They sold it for $7 million in 2004.

16.
Diamond.com This was sold for $7.5 million in 2006. We can’t tell you much about this site, because if you go there now you get one page saying the “world’s number one cryptocurrency exchange”. It used to be all about diamonds.

15.
Business.com This was bought for $7.5 million back in 1999. It was originally bought by a guy called Marc Ostrofsky for a measly $150,000, so he made a ton of money from buying domains. It’s all related to business obviously, with the latest story as we write this sounding like one of our own shows: 25 jobs you can get without a college degree.

14.
Fb.com This domain was actually bought by Facebook in 2010 for $8.5 Million. If you type in FB.com it just takes you to Facebook.

13.
We.com Most of you won’t know what this simple-sounding site is about if you go there, only because many of you don’t speak Chinese. The domain was reportedly sold for $8 million back in 2015. It’s owned by Tencent, the huge Chinese company that owns the country’s largest chat platform, WeChat. If you go there now you’ll find stock listings.

12.
Indecency.com This domain was sold in 2015 for $8,888,888. It’s the kind of site that redirects you to other sites that offer temporary titillation for viewers. The story goes that a guy called Rick Schwartz bought the domain from a student for $42,000 in 1997. That student had bought it the week before for $8,000. Rick certainly did well for himself.

11.
Internet.com In 2009, the website Internet.com was bought for $9 million. Obviously, this is a vague name and you don’t know quite what you’re going to get when heading there. Well, much of it is about buying domain names, or monetizing a website, driving traffic to your website and marketing yourself.

10.
Porn.com Ok, so another site we don’t need to explain. The domain was bought in 2007 for $9.5 million. It’s by no means the most popular adult content site out there, but it gets a healthy number of visitors from the U.S., India and Italy, according to Alexa.com.

9. Hotels.com This was bought in 2001 for $11 million. This was way back in the day, and at the time people thought spending so much on a domain was crazy.
It’s another site owned by the Expedia Group.

8.
Sex.com Well, we think you can guess what this site is all about. You’ve all heard that saying, something along the lines of adult content being a key reason why people are using the Internet. The domain was bought for $13 million back in 2006. According to Alexa.com, it’s the 338th most popular website out there. Most of the traffic comes from the U.S., followed by India, the UK, France and Canada.

7.
Fund.com Fund.com is listed as selling for £9.99 million in 2008. That would have been around $15 million back then according to historical exchange rates. Not surprisingly, the website is all about matters concerning money. While the purchase of the domain is listed in pounds, it’s actually run out of the U.S. The website sure is hard on the eye for something that cost so much money.
It was also involved in a Ponzi scheme back in 2008/9 which didn’t look very good for the company.

6.
Insure.com This belongs to a company called Quinstreet, which is based in Foster City, California. It was sold in 2009 for $16 million. Here you can get quotes on insurance, but you can also find an array of articles addressing issues related to health insurance, auto insurance, life insurance, home insurance, etc.

5.
360.com This is another name that doesn’t expressly tell you what you are going to see. It was bought in 2015 for $17 million. It’s owned by a Chinese company called Qihoo 360 that deals in lots of things related to the digital economy, including Internet Security products.

4.
PrivateJet.com PrivateJet.com was bought in 2012 for $30.18 million. The concept is simple enough, if you’ve got money to spare just go onto the site and book yourself a private jet, from a small aircraft to a large one, and off you go. It’s not cheap of course. On its popular routes, the site tells us you can book a jet from West Palm Beach in Florida to LA as a same day return and it will set you back at least $57,000.

3.
VacationRentals.com This was sold for $35 million in 2007. Again, the name is pretty self-explanatory, as it should be when you’re spending millions of dollars. Behind Vacation Rentals is a company called Home Away, which has many acquisitions under its belt. Home Away was bought itself by the Expedia Group in 2015 for $3.9 billion.

2.
Insurance.com This domain was also sold in 2010. It went for $35.6 million. It was also bought by Quinstreet and again deals with insurance of all kinds.

1.
CarInsurance.com This domain was sold in 2010 for $49.7 million and again belongs to Quinstreet.As the company name uses a capital “I” for insurance when it writes the name (not in the URL of course) you can’t help but read the name Carl. Carl doesn’t quite scream 50 million bucks. The site offers car insurance information pertaining to where you live, insurance based on age, and recommends the best insurance for your budget.

We should add here that some reports say that cars.com sold for a whopping $872,320,000 in 2015, although it doesn’t seem to make the lists out there that have compiled domain sales data. Maybe a domain that you register today can be worth $50 million in a few years- or maybe you need to secure a domain right now before someone else does and charges you $50 million for it later!

https://blog.obiaks.com/181223105954/Most-Expensive-Domain-Names-Ever-Sold

Bangladesh,
February 7th, 2016. The director of the Bangladesh Central Bank got off the elevator on the ninth floor and headed to the back office of the accounts and budgeting department. This was the most limited part of the building. He was there to deal with a problem, one that had been plaguing the office for the last few days. You see, the printer wasn’t working.

This was kind of a big deal. It was causing a real disruption. The automated printer, which was hooked up to the bank’s software, was supposed to work around the clock, 24/7, printing out the bank’s transaction reports in real-time. Due to this technical glitch, however, the printer tray remained empty. Much of the day was spent trying to fix the issue, and after a great deal of effort, there was a success.

They were able to restart the printer. And so, the backlog of transaction reports started rolling out, one by one. Now, it soon becomes apparent that something wasn’t quite right. There were more statements than expected. When they took a closer look, they found 35 suspicious payment orders for what were ridiculously large sums of money. Having supposedly been transferred from the Bangladesh Bank’s own account to various other accounts in other countries. Indeed, no one from their bank had authorized it, and a SWIFT security system in place was unbreachable. As the director sifted through the suspicious transfer requests, the real scale of the situation started dawning on him. The transfers totaled to almost one billion US dollars, an absurd amount, a significant chunk of the nation’s reserves.

Where were they going? Who was responsible? Panic ensued as the workers scrambled to stop the payments. But, it was likely too late. The ill-timed printer malfunction from earlier had caused an unfortunate delay in their response. It seemed Bangladesh had just lost a billion dollars. But how? This happened in February 2016, but what led to this moment actually started nine months earlier.

Philippines,
May 2015. Over 3000 kilometers away, a group of men enter the Jupiter Street branch of the RCBC Bank, just outside Manila, and opened four bank accounts with only $500 inside. The men then left, never to return. With their accounts left seemingly abandoned. Now, returning to Bangladesh, the country was becoming one of the fastest growing economies in the world. Their central bank sat in the financial district of the capital Dhaka, a chaotic city with almost 20 million people. But, despite all this rapid growth, it was a nation that could ill afford to lose one billion dollars of taxpayers money.

Fast forward January 2016, a month before the incident. An employee at the Bangladesh Bank was checking his mail at work. Now, nothing seemed out of the ordinary, he thought nothing of it, but he went home that night not realizing he had just set in motion events that would soon shock the nation’s the banking system, if not the world. You see, he had inadvertently clicked on an infected email, one that immediately began installing a malicious program in the central bank’s computer systems. This malware would allow intruders to enter the network and gain access to the inner workings of the Bangladesh Bank.

Hiding in plain sight, these intruders could now spy on workers and study the bank’s operational procedures. And that’s what they did. It was now just a matter of time. A month later, on a Thursday, as the bank was shutting down for the weekend. Which in Muslim majority countries like Bangladesh, tends to be on a Friday and Saturday, instead of a Saturday and Sunday. The intruders once again entered the system. But, it was for the last time, because this was what it was all leading to. Now, they were in the system, but manipulating international money transfers was a whole nother thing.

SWIFT is a global payment network enabling financial transactions to be sent securely and reliably using military-grade security designed to be unbreachable. Just to be clear, SWIFT does not facilitate the transfer of actual funds, but instead, it sends the trusted payment orders between accounts, which the banks then act on. This is the standard in international banking. And, this is partly why bank hackers usually focus on stealing the login credentials of individual bank account holders, rather than focusing on the banks themselves. But, it wasn’t the case here, not for this group. Their target was the institution.

Using the bank’s legitimate SWIFT credentials that they collected from the malware, they were able to take control of the SWIFT terminals, as if they were authorized bank employees. Yes, SWIFT itself is safe and secure, but the banks using them first needed to be responsible for their personal cybersecurity, on their end. If their security happened to be lacking, as, in the case of many developing nations, SWIFT could actually be used against them. And, that’s what was happening here. 35 phony transfer requests, totaling $951 million, was by now being sent via SWIFT to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Okay, but why New York? Well, because the Bangladesh Bank owns an account there with billions of dollars on deposit meant for international settlements.
The details of the requests sent from Bangladesh were to transfer the funds from New York to various accounts set up across Asia. I’ll get to that part soon. Now, with that, they were done. In and out in just hours. The next day, Friday, New York City. One of the world’s biggest financial centers. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York was busy processing Bangladesh’s payment orders or supposed payment orders. The Fed, renowned for its security, initially had no cause to stop the transfers, because SWIFT instructions are legitimate, they’re trusted. So, oblivious to the deception, they began processing their requests. Sunday morning, the Bangladesh Bank employees, back from the weekend, we’re now trying to fix their darn printer problem. The automated printer connected to the SWIFT network hadn’t been working the last days. And, the usual printouts of real-time transfer confirmations were backlogged.

Of course, this was the most unfortunate time for a technical glitch, except it, wasn’t really a technical glitch. The hackers had indeed taken additional steps in preventing confirmation messages from revealing their theft. Wiping out evidence from the SWIFT database, and intentionally crashing the automated printer. This had bought them some much needed time. Now, meanwhile, in Sri Lanka, $20 million arrived in a Pan Asia Bank account of a company called the Shalika Foundation. Sent from the Federal Reserve Bank in New York. This, of course, was just one of 35 transfers making its way to Asia. Right back in Bangladesh, the workers had now finally got the printer working, and they were sorting through the transfer requests. Panic quickly ensued as they realized 35 payment orders were made, totaling almost one billion dollars.

They immediately tried to send a stop payment order to the New York Fed, but it was a Sunday, and there was no one there to respond. By the time New York staff would return on Monday, it would’ve surely been too late. Now, little did they know, they had actually caught a lucky break because it turned out the automated system in New York had flagged 30 of the transactions for manual review. By complete luck, one of the words on the SWIFT order happened to match the name of a shipping company that had been blacklisted for evading US sanctions against Iran, pure coincidence. This would prove devastating for the hackers. As $870 million worth of transfers were now blocked.

Later, when the staff took a closer look, they noticed several red flags. The unusually high number of payment instructions, the large transfers to private entities rather than banks, and the ridiculously large total. At this point, they had to seek clarification from Bangladesh. And, after getting word of their stop payment order, the transfers were shut down. It was over, the gig was up. Or was it? Yes, 30 of the transactions worth $870 million would never be seen by hackers, but there were still five transactions left. The remaining 101 million, which the fed’s automated system failed to pick up on, and which was still a heck of a lot of money, had gotten through. Where did these five end up?

The first transfer, Sri Lanka. $20 million, as we know, reach an account in the Pan Asia Bank via Deutsche Bank, which was the routing bank. Intended for a company called the Shalika Foundation. This was a supposed Sri Lankan nonprofit. Now, an observant employee at the Pan Asia Bank noticed something odd, $20 million was an unusually large amount for such a small NGO, not to mention for the country of Sri Lanka. This employee then sent the transaction back to Deutsche Bank for verification. So, now Germany, Frankfurt, the payment order, just like in New York, was being reviewed. And, just like New York, there were red flags. Such as this one, spelling foundation as “fundation.” These suspicions were soon reaffirmed, and ultimately it turned out, no surprise, that this Shalika Foundation was indeed a fake company. The money was then rerouted back to the Bangladesh Bank’s New York account. Then there were four, $81 million. But, we won’t drag this out because these four were all sent not just to the same country, not only to the same bank but to the same branch. The Jupiter Street branch of the RCBC Bank, just outside Manila, in the Philippines. Four accounts had laid dormant for nine months with just $500 inside, untouched. Until a sudden cash infusion of $81 million. These sudden bursts should’ve triggered an alert from RCBC, but for whatever reason, it slid under the radar. And, indeed, the accounts were later found to be under false identities.

From there, the money was quickly withdrawn and laundered through casinos. Where the electronic money transfers were converted to hard untraceable cash. The Bangladesh Bank did try to stop the transfers, but the timing was just not on their side. The stop order was not received by RCBC Bank on the expected Monday, because Monday was Chinese New Year. A non-working holiday in the Philippines. By now you’re probably noticing a trend here. Every step of the way some delays benefited the hackers. And, this was by design.

A remarkably well-timed attack. On Thursday evening they entered the system at the start of the Bangladesh weekend when the bank is closing. On Friday, the New York Fed tries to clarify the requests with Bangladesh, but no one’s there. On Sunday, Bangladesh staff return from the weekend but can’t get through to New York as it’s now the weekend in the US. On Monday, the Fed finally gets the orders to stop the transfers, but not the Philippines because it just so happened to be Chinese New Year there. And, only on Tuesday, five days after the heist, that RCBC staff find out about the fraudulent transfers. But, by then it was too late. Now, two Chinese men, Ding and Gao, were eventually found to be responsible for setting up the fake RCBC accounts in the Philippines. They turned out to be just middlemen. But, they were still a crucial part of the operation. And, investigators hoped questioning them would lead to the real culprits. Unfortunately, before the Bangladesh authorities were able to apprehend them, they left the country. Boarding flights to Macau, a particular administrative region of China, where it was then impossible to track them. And so, with the remaining four transfers, the hackers were able to net $81 million. Not quite the original sum, but still enough, by some metrics, to be considered the single biggest bank heist in history.

Now, despite the attackers best efforts at removing evidence from the bank’s systems, cybersecurity experts were still able to analyze the malware. What they found were similarities in the techniques and tools used in the Bangladesh Bank heist and many other cyber attacks on financial institutions around the world. Which means that this one particular group had very likely been responsible for a series of global attacks. This group was dubbed Lazarus. But, there was more. As experts dug deeper, combing through the server logs of recent attacks, they found something even more unexpected.

An IP address is connecting Lazarus to a particular nation-state. For a brief moment, they had failed to cover their tracks. And the logs had indicated that the attack servers they used had been accessed at least once from a North Korean IP address. There was also a Korean language found embedded in the computer code. Now, it is important to note, that it is possible that North Korea was framed, with the attackers leaving behind purportedly substantial evidence to mislead investigators. But, according to the majority of cybersecurity experts, it is almost certain that North Korea was behind the attacks. And, it wasn’t just attacked on financial institutions, they were also revealed to be responsible for much cyber terrorism and cyber espionage campaigns against the South Korean government and various South Korean infrastructures.

Then there’s the Sony Pictures hack of 2014. One of the most significant corporate breaches in history. Lazarus had taken great exception to the plot of the film The Interview, where the North Korean leader, Kim Jong Un was targeted for assassination by the CIA. Cinemas across the US were threatened with terrorist attacks if the film wasn’t pulled. North Korea, of course, denied any responsibility. But, it seemed fairly evident that this group was actively targeting known enemies of the State.

Now, as for Lazarus’ banking exploits, like the Bangladesh incident, the attacks were just the start. They had to ensure the money would then get to the intended location. And, the way they did that was to have the stolen funds moved through places like Macau, which in particular, is known to be North Korea’s financial point of contact with the outside world. We know, thanks to the two Chinese middlemen, that that’s precisely where the Bangladesh funds ended up. And, from there, it wouldn’t have been hard for the money to be wired directly to Pyongyang. Proceeds would then have likely gone towards advancing their nuclear program, funding the lifestyles of the elite, and propping up their economy. All this, quite possibly representing, a significant percentage of the country’s current GDP. If this is all accurate, and North Korea is indeed behind these attacks, the international implications would be profound.

Especially with the recent developments. As this would be the first known case of a nation state robbing banks. From there, perhaps, anything is possible. They could hack political campaigns, weapons systems, private bank accounts, or even YouTube accounts which have made content they may find unfavorable.

https://blog.obiaks.com/181223102808/The-Mysterious-$1-billion-dollars-Hiest

Enniez2018:
Exceptional piece. Reminds me of Robert kiyosaki's SECOND CHANCE

Thanks a lot. I haven't read the book "second chance". I will see if i can buy it before the year runs out.

So who controls all of our money? It's a simple question! We all know that you and I don't control it. Our employees don't control it. The companies that they work for don't control it. So who does? Where does it even come from in the first place? I'll give you a hint... Money does NOT come from the government It's a seemingly obvious question that's never asked or taught in schools for some reason.

Unfortunately, most people's lives are basically dedicated to money. It's all people ever worry about or talk about. We go to school to learn basically how to go to university, to learn the skills to get a good job so that we can trade hours of our lives all for this thing called "money". So why wouldn't you want to know where money comes from and who issues it?

Today, you're about to find out the answers to the question of "Who controls all of our money?" People today can tell something isn't quite right with our financial system, but they just can't put their finger on it. Some people think it's the failure of government, others think that it's the failure of the capitalism itself This should clarify a few things.

The year 1694 England had just suffered through 50 years of war. Exhausted, the English government needed loans to fund their political means. Brainchild of Scottish banker William Paterson, it was decided that a privately owned bank that could issue the money to the government out of thin air was to be the solution. This was the very first modern central banking system in the world. Central banking is more influential than laws, governments and politicians, but strangely not the focus of the general public. Fast forward to the early 20th century, and after two failed attempts a group of bankers wanted to put a central bank in the United States of America.

It was December of 1910 and senator Nelson Aldrich boarded a private train car in New York with six others. The six were not to be spotted by any news reporters to avoid questions. Their destination: Jekyll Island off the coast of Georgia. The meeting went for nine days and from that they created the Federal Reserve System. This is all documented and a matter of public record. Some of them went on to write about the meetings in their personal biographies. Here is a quote from Frank Vanderlip, president of the National City Bank of New York February 9th 1935 in the Saturday Evening Post: "I was as secretive - indeed, as furtive - as any conspirator. Discovery, we knew, simply must not happen, or else all our time and effort would be wasted If it were to be exposed that our particular group had got together and written a banking bill, that bill would have no chance whatever of passage by Congress. The six men that Nelson Aldrich brought together included the head of banks, branches of government such as the Treasury and some of the richest people on Earth at the time.

To give you an idea of how rich they were in 1910 these six men represented a quarter of the world's worth. The bankers told the American public that the purpose of the system was to stabilize the economy and to stop the grip of the Wall Street banks over America. The problem was the guys that wrote the bill were the very same people they said they'd stop. If they succeeded, it would give a small group of men the ability to create money from nothing and loan it to the American government with interest. So why was it done in secret? Because the American people didn't want a central bank.

Back then, unlike today, people knew what central banks were and understood them very well. Everywhere a central bank went, there would be wealth inequality, wild swings between economic booms and busts and after each bust, those in the top of society mysteriously came out richer, while everyone else got poorer. Europe was a running example of this at the time.

The Federal Reserve was originally drafted as the 'Aldrich bill', but when it came into Congress, they recognized Senator Aldrich's name and smelled a rat. The bankers needed better cover. They decided to send two millionaire friends to carry the bill to quell the suspicions of Congress and renamed it "The Federal Reserve Act". Next in this textbook lesson of deceit the bankers set out to fool the American people through disinformation. In the newspapers of the day the bankers screamed and protested against the new Federal Reserve bill. "It would ruin the banks!" they exclaimed. The average person read the protesting articles of the bankers and thought to themselves: "If the bankers hate it, it must be good" and then they ended up unknowingly supporting a Trojan horse. The bankers also fooled Congress by putting clauses in the bill that limited their power only to remove them once the bill was passed. A double head fake of the public and Congress - was all it took. The bill was passed on December 23rd 1913 while most of Congress was out on holiday. And with that, a small group had complete monopoly over the issuing and creation of American money.

Today the Federal Reserve is the most powerful entity in the United States and they're not ashamed to admit it either. In addition to this, it seems that the Fed can't even be touched by investigating parties. "So what does all of this have to do with me?" you might be asking. "I don't even live in the US" Well, two reasons.

Number one: the central banking model from the Bank of England and the United States has now been put in all countries and even consolidated power in parts of Europe as the European Central Bank or ECB This unites separate countries under one economic policy. The only places in the world that don't have central banks are North Korea, Iran and Cuba. In 2000 this list suspiciously included Afghanistan, Iraq and Libya.

Number two: since the end of World War II, the US dollar has been the reserve currency of the world. This means that all central banks hold US dollars in their reserves. In other words all other currencies are backed by the US dollar. This directly links to your country to the Federal Reserve's monetary policy in America. More on this later.
When the post- World War II monetary system, called the "Bretton Woods" system, was created, all US dollars were backed by and exchangeable for gold. A byproduct of this was that currencies used to be very stable in relation to each other. For that, all the countries, the exchange rates were fixed and year after year you could predict what prices were going to be. You could start a business elsewhere, you could calculate profits, business was much easier before floating exchange rates. Unfortunately, in 1971, due to a falling US dollar, international capital flows into gold and the funding of the Vietnam War, President Nixon took the US dollar off the gold standard.

Now the dollar was floating and backed by nothing and has been ever since. So let's think a little: if the US dollar is backed by nothing but the world reserves are backed by the US dollar intrinsically since 1971, doesn't this mean that all currencies are now backed by nothing tangible, only trust in the American government? Well, this is correct! Money backed by nothing is known as "fiat currency". "Fiat" in Latin means "let it be done". In other words, the government says it is money, so it is. A consequence to having money backed by nothing is that whenever the Federal Reserve creates money it dilutes the currency supply of all other nations because their reserves are backed by the US dollar.

All countries' reserves are worth less each time money is created. In the past few years the Federal Reserve has printed trillions of dollars and countries like Russia and China have noticed this. As a reaction to the money printing, these countries have been selling US dollar reserves and buying gold over the same period. "But wait a second!" Some of you clever thinkers out there may have asked yourselves: "If every currency on Earth is backed by nothing, how am i able to pay for things?" Well, as it turns out, the whole economic system today is running because it is backed by faith. Faith that you can exchange your unit of currency for goods or services. In a way, part of that faith comes from the fact that not many people actually know where money comes from.
We're about to find that out .

A central bank is essentially the entity that manages a nation's money supply and it can loan money to the government with interest. In the United States and most other countries it works like this: When the government needs more money than they received from taxes they ask the Treasury Department for money. The Treasury then receives an IOU or bond from the government. The Treasury, through the banks, gives this IOU to the Federal Reserve. The Fed then writes a check for this IOU and hands it to the banks. At this exchange at the banks, money is created and it can be used to pay government bills. So hang on! Where does the Fed get the money to be able to write this check? They get this money from nowhere! They literally just invent it. Here's a quote from the Boston Federal Reserve: "When you or I write a check there must be sufficient funds in our account to cover the check. But when the Federal Reserve writes a check, there is no bank deposit on which that check is drawn. When the Federal Reserve writes a check, it is creating money". So, in essence, they're writing a check and creating money from an account that has no money in it. The money the Federal Reserve creates can be used as legal tender to buy things and eventually makes its way into the real economy. If you and I did that, we would go to jail for fraud, but they can do it because they invented the system. This is the same system used throughout the world today.

Another part of this money creation happens at the commercial bank side. Every time you take out a loan to buy a house, car or TV, banks create money out of nowhere to give you this loan and you still have to pay interest on it. And don't just believe me when I say that. Hear it for yourself from the horse's mouth, the people running the system, Graham Towers, former governor of the Central Bank of Canada states: "Each and every time a bank makes a loan, new credit is created. New deposits. Brand new money." Paul Tucker, deputy governor of the Bank of England: "Banks extend credit by simply increasing the borrowing customers' current account." So what they're basically saying is that each time the bank makes a loan, the bank doesn't use other people's deposited money and give it to you. It creates new money. In modern times this means typing digits into a computer. 97% of all money is digitally created like this. Only 3% is the physical cash and coins that we carry. Another crazy thing that commercial banks can do is lend out 10 times more money than they actually have in reserves. This is called fractional reserve lending.
So who wrote this ridiculous system into law? For the United States, it was part of the Federal Reserve System drafted in 1913. And again, this is the same system used throughout the world. So what's the issue? Why should I even care? Well there's consequences. When more loans are given out more money is created and the rest of the money in circulation is worth less and less as the years go on. This is known as inflation. In a way, inflation is basically a tax that we all pay for the fraud of money printing. Easy money now in exchange for tax on our future generations. It's also why in 1950 a house used to cost $7,000 and a car $2000. Obviously, this is no longer the same today. Things will always keep getting more expensive as long as this system is in place. This was actually kind of OK because wages grew in relation to inflation until about 2008. Why this stopped happening is a story for another day.

So things are already pretty crazy, but they get even crazier. The more you look into it, the stranger things become. So remember we were talking about how central banks and commercial banks can create money out of nothing. This procedure actually does create something. It creates debt. Let me explain: When you take out a loan, it's written down as an asset in the bank as a negative form, kind of like a negative value of money, or otherwise known as "debt". Under this system, debt is actually money. And again, don't just listen to me. Marriner Eccles, former Governor of the Federal Reserve states: "If there are no debts in our money system, there wouldn't be any money." So, in essence, instead of gold being the backbone of our economy, it is now debt. The system we're under now is sometimes referred to as "the debt based monetary system". It requires that debt always grows. Countries and people must become deeper in debt so that there's more money in the system, because, remember, debt is money. If people and governments stopped borrowing money and paper clones, the debt doesn't grow, the money supply shrinks and the system falters. It truly is bizarre, but we all live in this system each and every day.

The Federal Reserve and other central banks control money by adjusting its supply and how much it costs to borrow money, otherwise known as the interest rate. With these tools and as a consequence of human group psychology, central banks create booms and busts in the economy at will and also to stall and derail an economy by messing with it.
Let's take a quick case study. In the year 2000, Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan cut interest rates to 1%. He did this to try and fight off the recession from the dot-com bubble and encourage people to borrow money. When interest rates are low, if you're borrowing money you save a whole lot on repaying mortgages. Since the 1% interest rate hadn't been seen at the time since the 1950s it was a pretty good deal. Greenspan's idea was that he could create a wealth effect. People would start to buy houses, the prices would go up and the people would feel wealthier and spend more money in the economy and stimulated. Greenspan's sure succeeded in getting people to borrow money to buy houses. But they borrowed too much and the results was the 2008 housing bubble. This is a prime example of what can go wrong when central banks mess with an economy. Yes, corrupt bankers have a lot to answer for on their role in the 2008 crisis. But the Fed has a far bigger long-term impact. Even crazier things are happening in Japan. Their central bank is buying so many stocks that they were the number one buyer of Japanese stocks in 2016 so they have part ownership of companies with money that they created from nothing. So, in essence, it is the central banks that control our economy and the central and commercial banking system together that control all of our money.

The difference is central banks can create money at will while commercial banks need loans to create money. To give you an idea of people's views of central banking when people actually knew what central banks were, here's a couple of examples. In 1881 then, President of the United States, James Garfield states: "Whoever controls the volume of money in any country is absolute master of all industry and commerce and when you realize that the entire system is very easily controlled, one way or another, by a few powerful men at the top, you will not have to be told how periods of inflation and depression originate." Benjamin Franklin, in his autobiography, stated that the prime reason for the American War of Independence was a battle over who actually controlled and issued the money of the new colonies. Moving on to more modern times, Nobel prize-winning economist Milton Friedman states: "The Federal Reserve definitely caused The Great Depression by contracting the amount of currency in circulation by one third from 1929 to 1933." So, with all this being said, some would argue that central banks are not inherently a bad thing. They just need to be part of the government and not privately-owned.

The government should be able to issue its own money for the benefit of the people and shouldn't have to pay a massive interest on its own debt. This was tried at least once in the United States by President Lincoln. He stated this: "The government should create, issue and circulate all the currency and credit needed to satisfy the spending power of the government and the buying power of consumers. By the adoption of these principles, the taxpayers will be saved immense sums of interest. Money will cease to be master and become the servant of humanity." Abraham Lincoln then issued his own government money. It was called "the greenback". No further comments on that story.
There's so much more that I could cover about what central banking decisions led to what revolutions around the world. Pretty much when you look at it, all revolutions and all wars, when you dig through everything, it all boils down to money. I could also have talked about the new global movement of those who are rejecting the debt based economic system. People are starting to move their currency into gold, silver and crypto-currencies like Bitcoin. So there is a light at the end of the tunnel. That's a whole new story for another day.

https://blog.obiaks.com/181223095358/Who-Controls-All-our-Money

sevo:
English rite now

Is it rite or right ? I guess you were also mocking someone's else grammar.

This is the mysterious Sentinel tribe of Andaman Islands.
Why mysterious you ask? While the world progressed, the Sentinelese have remained untouched by modern civilization. They are one of the last existing tribes that has shunned contact with the outside world.So how do they live? Where do they go?What language do they speak? Most of what we know about them is through observations.

It is said that they have made little or no advancement in over 60,000 years and that they are direct descendants of the first men from Africa. They cannot produce fire. They sustain themselves on fish and coconuts. The only metal they have used is metal washed up on their beaches which they've used to make weapons.

Efforts made to establish contacts have not always been successful. Because the tribe is so hostile, they will try killing you on sight.The language they speak is incomprehensible even to other indigenous tribes of Andaman. This suggest that the Sentinelese have maintained a hostile isolation for centuries. many contact expeditions were initiated over the last century. Fish and coconuts were offered as "gifts"as a way to start contact.But the tribe would either retreat into the jungle or respond with violence.

In 2006, the tribe killed two fishermen who tried fishing on their shores and the helicopter that came to retrieve the bodies were met with a deadly attack of bows and arrows. Thy have also been known to throw spears at low-flying aircraft... this happened the 2004 Tsunami, when rescue aircraft flew over the island to look for survivors. The tribe miraculously survived that Tsunami. It was suggested they reached higher ground before the wave hit.

Nothing is known about their language or social structure except that they tak part in bizarre mating rituals.In 1989, some Indian anthropologist witnessed this first hand. The tribe noticed the anthropologist and guested to them. After a while, a woman of the tribe walked out and started to shout at the men in an unknown language. Unfazed by this, one of the women started mating with one of her tribesmen right there. One by one, each woman started to do the same with a warrior of choice and this turned into a community mating ritual.

The only man to establish "friendly" contact with the tribe was an Indian anthropologist Trioknath Pandit. Pandit spent year trying to communicate with them, when one day some tribesmen walked up to him, touched and undressed him. However, after countless other effort to communicate, the Indian government gave up.

The mere existence of a healthy and thriving tribe, untouched by modern world surely puts thins into perspective. Survival International, deems the Sentinelese the most vulnerable and isolated tribe on the planet. Which means they are likely to have no immunity to common diseases. So, introducing them to civilization can threaten their existence. Sadly, many similar indigenous tribes in the Andaman have gone extinct because of modern man's meddling. maybe the only way to prevent such annihilation is to just let them be. To them the outside world has brought nothing but violence, so why would they trust us?

Even though it will be fascinating to interact with them, it would be cruel to impose our way of life and values on them.

Source
https://blog.obiaks.com/181130064926/Sentinel-Tribe-of-Andaman.html

lalasticlala

Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), and Total Upstream Companies in Nigeria (TUCN): Total Exploration & Production Nigeria Limited (Total E&P Nig Ltd) and Total Upstream Nigeria Limited (TUPNI) are offering the 2019 NNPC/TOTAL National Merit Scholarship programme to Nigerian Undergraduates.

All information needed to have a successful application, is detailed below.

Application Deadline 31st October 2018

Eligibility:

Applicants must be a Registered FULL TIME undergraduate in a recognized Nigerian University.
Applicants must be a certified 100 or 200 level student at the time of application.
Applicants must have a 2.50 CGPA of 5-point scale, or equivalent.
Applicants must have more than 200 score in UTME

The following documents are required when applying:

Recent Passport Photograph
Certificate or Proof of Origin
Senior Secondary Certificate of Education (SSCE)
UTME result
JAMB/University Admission Letter
1st Year Result showing CGPA

Before submitting your application, please verify that all info given is true. Accept terms and condition. On screen alert will confirm that you have successfully completed the application. You will receive an email confirming your application.

NOTE: Each document size should not be more than 200KB and the image format for your passport must be in JPEG, other files must be in PDF.

https://tutor.obiaks.com/updates/general/33/2019-NNPC/Total-National-Merit-Scholarship-Scheme-For-Nigerian-Undergraduates

babeosisi:
So give us your testimony

Jesus is Lord. He came in flesh, died for our sins and on the third day resurrected. Be blessed.

EVILFOREST:
Were U expecting them to post the entire lengthy rubbish here....??
And you are PROUD of the happenings there.
U feel proud walking into such a place thinking you would access GOD there...?
Do u think God is locked up in all these churches...??

Chaiiiiiiiiiiii
On behalf of you, I feel ashamed of myself.
Devil don romance Mammywater

I wasn't expecting a nice response form you or anyone. Hope you had a nice day. Cheers

That's my church in Benin city and i attended that particular service. Its so sad how bloggers will extract a five minute clips from an entire service just to put a pastor down. All is well.

On February 19th 2018, some one hundred and ten 110 schoolgirls were abducted by the Boko Haram terrorist group from the Government Girls Science and Technical College (GGSTC), Dapchi, Yobe state, Nigeria. On 21st March, the Federal Government of Nigeria announced the release of one hundred and four girls 104 from the BokoHaram sect. Five of the girls were reported to have died while in captivity and one, a Christian girl, was held back because she refused to denounce her faith.

Leah Sharibu, a 15year old girl from Dapchi, was among the 110 kidnapped school children. She is the sole victim
that was not returned by the BokoHaram sect. Testimonies from her released colleagues stated that, Leah was held back because she refused to denounce her Christian faith and forcefully convert to Islam. She was told to recite the Shahada (the Muslimdeclaration of belief in one God, Allah), which she insisted she didn’t know how to,because she was brought up as a Christian. Leah being the first and only daughter of her parents was described by her mother, Mrs. Rebecca Sharibu as an intelligent and obedient child, that was loved by all who knew her.

The footage of the released girls brought tears into the eyes of many, as the deadly BokoHaram sect marched unhindered into Dapchi, in broad daylight and was welcomed as heroes by the people. Boko Haram members were heard telling parents, not to allow their children go to school anymore. The right to education is being forcefully stripped from families in the affected areas of the north-east.

In august 2016, the new leader of BokoHaram, Abu Musab al-Barnawi, swore to stop the attack on Muslims and centers, including mosques and markets used mainly by Muslims. Unlike his predecessor,Abubakar Shekau, who attacked Muslims,al-Barnawi vowed to concentrate on attacking the Christians and churches. The retaining of Leah Sharibu is in line with that vow.
It’s being over two months since the release of the 104 girls whom were kidnapped on February 19th 2018, and still no word or negotiations about Leah Sharibu’s release. The Federal Government seems to be mum on the issue, as no mention of it was heard in the democracy day speech of May 29th 2018. The Federal Government, through its Minister of Information stated that the girls were released without preconditions. If that were true, why wasn’t little Leah released with her colleagues?

A fair amount of people, heaped the blame of “ not being released” on Leah, and described her actions as childish. They felt it was better for her to have converted to Islam and come out alive, but were quick to forget that, freedom of religion is a fundamental human right. How do we describe a country if we are not free to choose our faith without coercion from any angle?
Leah Sharibu may be young, but she has chosen to stand for her belief. Not so different from the likes of Nelson Mandela, Martin Luther King Jnr, MKO Abiola, and a host of others, who fought for what they believed in. Leah doesn’t stand for Christians alone, rather she stands for everyone out there whether Christian, Muslim, or Atheist, who also cherishes the right to chose their belief.

#RememberLeahSharibu.

http://news.obiaks.com/opinion/180612102209/DONT-FORGET-LEAH-SHARIBU-.html

They are both Top Level Domains. The only difference is that .ng is government owned and controlled by NIRA while .com.ng is owned by a private individual/organization. Anybody can buy and register a TLD if you have the funds.

Please what is contactless card?

Practice JAMB(CBT) online; Its fee and fun. https://tutor.obiaks.com

Practice JAMB(CBT) online; Its fee and fun. https://tutor.obiaks.com

Practice JAMB(CBT) online; Its fee and fun. https://tutor.obiaks.com

Practice JAMB(CBT) online; Its fee and fun. https://tutor.obiaks.com

Postboiswag:
Hello nairalanders
Please my school registration is ending on Friday
And I have not pay my fee which is 20k
Am able to get 10k....Need 10k more
Anybody which can afford to help please

Are you sure you are actually a student?

is that all you have to say?

sgtleverage:
Oh yea there you are c'mon mr thief
You know the routine, you are supposed to spew bullsh!t and I'm supposed to call it oya 1...2...begin

Am better than that, i would never abuse you, sorry to disappoint. Just in case you have forgotten, i shared an article and you called me a thief and a plagiarist. You are yet to buttress your point. But no, you have no point all you can do is rain abuses and insult. You cant prove the article was plagiarized , you cant prove it was stolen, you cant prove nothing. I viewed your profile and i saw you love abusing people online that's the only reason i keep replying post. Am keeping you busy and at the same time giving you someone to abuse online. I know it makes you happy, am also happy too. At least am able to make a total stranger happy. So go ahead call me thief and abuse me more. Make your self happy.

sgtleverage:
jealousy go and find your own toy to play with

Are you tired, Don't deviate from the topic I have all your time. Next line of insult abuse please, Am waiting

sgtleverage:
But when you were defending your thievery, you indicated that the content didn't have padlock on it so you stole it, why you come dey change mouth now Mr. Thief that name always cracks me up

Its obvious you lack the ability to comprehend. Why am i not surprise?