₦airaland Forum

1900 1 January :
All Nigeria now under Crown rule. Protectorate of Northern Nigeria created from Company holdings.

1901 :
Anglo-Aro war: The war began. The Aro Confederacy began to decline.

1902 :
Anglo-Aro war: The war ended.

1903 January :
Capture of Kano

The British conquered most of Northern Nigeria, including the Sokoto Caliphate.

1905 :
The British conquest of Southern Nigeria ended.

1906 1 May :
Colonial Office amalgamates Lagos Colony with Southern Nigeria Protectorate to form the new Colony and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria.

German-owned Nigerian Bitumen Company began searching for petroleum off coast.

Protests against water fees in Lagos, encouraged by nationalistic journalism of Herbert Macaulay.

1912 :
Lord Frederick Lugard, Governor of Northern Nigeria, established a system of indirect rule.

Lugard pacifies northern Nigeria by ensuring that in each territory, however small, the throne is won and retained by a chief willing to cooperate. Lugard then allows these client rulers considerable power – in the technique, soon to be known as ‘indirect rule’, which in Africa is particularly associated with his name (though it has been a familiar aspect of British colonial policy in India).

Creation of Southern Nigeria Civil Service Union; later, Nigerian Civil Servants’ Union.

The second installment took place in 1914 when these territories (in the South) were administratively combined with the protectorate of Northern Nigeria, giving birth to the geo-political entity that was to be named “Nigeria” (in evocation of “River Niger” and the “Area” it flows through).

Other European powers acknowledged British sovereignty over Nigeria at the Berlin Conference.

1914 January :
Northern Nigeria and Southern Nigeria were amalgamated into Nigeria. British Crown gained monopoly rights over mineral extraction.

Nigerian soldiers fight under British command in World War I.

The First World War brings a combined British and French invasion of German Cameroon (a campaign not completed until early in 1916)

1918 :
The Adubi War or Egba Uprising is fought in Egba Land. The conflict started because of the unfair imposition of colonial taxation on the Egba people. Direct taxes were introduced by the colonial government along with existing forced labour obligations and fees.

1920 :
National Congress of British West Africa founded in Accra.

1922 :
Clifford Constitution.

In 1922 the League of Nations grants mandates to the two nations to administer the former German colony. The British mandate consists of two thin strips on the eastern border of Nigeria.
The rival claims of Nigeria’s various regions become most evident after World War II when Britain is attempting to find a structure to meet African demands for political power.

1925 :
West African Students’ Union created.

1928 April :
British begin direct taxation.

1929 14 October :
New governor implements plans to expand taxation.

1929 November-October :
“Women’s War” : Women in Eastern Nigeria demonstrate against high taxes and low prices of Nigerian exports.

1931 :
Founding of Nigeria Union of Teachers.

1936 :
Founding of Nigeria Youth Movement.

1937 :
Shell D’Arcy Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (later Shell-BP) granted petroleum exploration rights.

1944 :
National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons founded by Nnamdi “Zik” Azikiwe.

1945 :
Countrywide general strike.

Adoption of first Ten Year Plan for economic development.

1946 :
Nigeria entered a period of decolonization and growing Nigerian nationalism.

1950 :
A conference of northern and southern delegates was held in Ibadan.

1951 :
By 1951 the country has been divided into Northern, Eastern and Western regions, each with its own house of assembly. In addition there is a separate house of chiefs for the Northern province, to reflect the strong tradition there of tribal authority. And there is an overall legislative council for the whole of Nigeria.
But even this is not enough to reflect the complexity of the situation. During the later 1950s an African political structure is gradually achieved.
MacPherson Constitution. Yoruba-aligned Action Group founded; headed by Obafemi Awolowo.

1953 1 May :
Northern vs. Southern violence breaks out in the Northern city of Kano.

1954 :
The position of Governor was created in each region after the Federal System of Government is adopted.

1954 :
A new constitution (the third in eight years) establishes the Federation of Nigeria and adds the Federal Territory of Lagos.

1956 :
Shell-BP expedition makes first discoveries of major petroleum deposits, at Olobiri and Afam.

1957 :
Nigeria held a Constitutional conference.
From 1957 there is a federal prime minister. In the same year the Western and Eastern regions are granted internal self-government, to be followed by the Northern region in 1959.

1958 :
Nigerian Armed Forces came under Federal control. The Nigerian Navy is created.

1959 :
Nigeria holds its first national election to set up an independent government. Northern politicians won a majority of seats in the Parliament.

Petroleum Profits Tax Ordinance establishes 50–50 split of oil revenues between corporation and government. Socony Mobil receives offshore oil license.

The new Nigerian currency is introduced

Northern Peoples Congress(NPC) and Niger Delta Congress(NDC) go into alliance to contest parliamentary elections. The alliance earned the Brass Division a seat in the Federal Parliament for the first time.

1861 6 August :
Lagos Treaty of Cession: British annexes Lagos, with status of Crown Colony.

1862 (January 22) :
Mr H.S Freeman is appointed as the first Governor of Lagos Colony.

1862 (January 1) :
Lagos Island is annexed as a colony of Britain

1862 (January 22) :
Mr H.S Freeman is appointed as the first Governor of Lagos Colony.

1864 :
Samuel Ajayi Crowther becomes first African Anglican Bishop.

1877 :
George Taubman Goldie arrived in the Niger Delta in 1877

1878 :
Onitsha was sacked and Asaba bombarded.

1879 :
George Taubman Goldie amalgamated various British ventures to form the United African Company (later known as the Royal Niger Company).

1880 :
The conquest of Southern Nigeria by the British began.

1884 :
The National African Company had concluded about thirty seven treaties at the Niger territories including Atani, Onitsha, Abo, Osomala, Ndoni, Oko, Odekpe.

Internal wars among the Yoruba, caused mainly by the decline of Oyo Empire and rivalry over the control of trade, gave the British the opportunities to gain political control further inside.

Given the existing degree of British involvement, this entire area has been readily accepted at the Berlin conference in 1884 as falling to Britain in the scramble for Africa

1885 :
Oil Rivers Protectorate proclaimed by the British after they had defeated of King Jaja of Opobo, the Oba of Benin and subdued all prominent oil merchants of the Niger Delta.

1886 :
Through efforts of British Prince of Peace Mission, led by Rev. Samuel Johnson, a treaty was signed to conclude the Ibadan/Ekiti Parapo War.

1887 :
King Ja Ja of Opobo exiled to West Indies by British. With the exile of Jaja of Opobo in 1887 his territory became part of Niger Protectorate.

1890 :
British Journalist Flora Shaw, later wife of Lord Frederick Lugard, suggests the name “Nigeria” after the great Niger River. in the late 1890s there remains dangerous tension between Britain and France, the colonial power in neighbouring Dahomey, over drawing Nigeria’s western boundary.

1891 :
John Payne Jackson becomes publisher of Lagos Weekly Record.

1892 :
The United African Company fought Aguleri.

1893 :
The delta region is organized as the Niger Coast Protectorate.

1892 (19 May) :
At the Battle of the (sacred) Yemoja River the British wreak havoc amongst the Ijebu infantry with a British Maxim (capable of firing 2000 rounds in three minutes) thereby moving towards complete dominance in the southwest area surrounding Lagos.

18 January 1893
The Governor of Lagos Gilbert Thomas Carter signed, at Abeokuta, a “Treaty of Friendship and Commerce” with Oba Osokalu, the Alake of Egbaland.

3 February 1893
Carter concluded a similar treaty with Oba Adeyemi, the Alafin of Oyo. These treaties opened up the Yoruba country to European penetration.

1893 :
Oil Rivers Protectorate renamed Niger Coast Protectorate with its capital at Calabar.

1893 :
British incorporate Yoruba lands in southwest into new protectorate.

1894 :
Brassmen revolt against Royal Niger Company.

1894 :
Ebrohimi, the stronghold of Nana the Itsekiri was bombarded and Nana exiled on the accusation of slave trade and interference with free market.

1895 29 January :
King Koko leads successful attack on Royal Niger Company headquarters in Akassa.

2 February
Consul-general Claude Maxwell MacDonald receives letter from King Koko offering to release hostages in exchange for redress of grievances against the Company. This request is declined.

20 February
Royal Navy counter-attacks against King Koko, razes Nembe.

1896 :
An expedition was sent against Brass and the community was sacked.

The British discovery of the use of rubber for the production of pneumatic tyre made entry into Benin forest imperative.

In a major expedition mounted against Benin in 1897, the city was sacked and its treasury looted.

1897 4 January :
Covert foray of the Niger Coast Protectorate Force against Benin City is discovered and destroyed by the Kingdom of Benin.

1897 9–18 February :
Retaliatory Benin Expedition of 1897 leads to capture of Benin City.

The difficulty of administering the vast and complex region of Nigeria persuades the government that the upriver territories, thus far entrusted to the Royal Niger Company, also need to be brought under central control.

1898 :
Beginning of Ekumeku Movement against British rule.

The Salbourn Committee on amalgamation recommended in August 1898 that the British “Niger Territories” be ultimately Amalgamated.

The British overthrow Oba Ovonramwen of Benin. One of the last independent West African kings.

Guide777:
Non-alignment is a form of chameleonic approach to foreign policy. It favors no one. They should be content with their BRICS approach. What's Ramaphosa afraid of?

Bookhub:
Yorubas are obidients too will you kill your brothers too?

Lucasinho:
Yes


Custom clearance wan take eternity....we go still wait

Lucasinho:
You are not alone on this

omohayek:
What nonsense! Where have I ever "worshipped" Tinubu? I neither know the man nor have any business nor familial connections to him, and I have certainly never claimed he was any sort of saint or savior. To be irritated at what has been a clearly tribally-motivated campaign of character assassination directed at the man for several years now is not the same thing as "worshipping" him, unless you've been so blinded by your own monomaniacal hatred of him that you can no longer see the distinction.


"Now the Igbo migrants to the SS have as much rights in Itsekiriland as you and morally more rights than any of your political leaders. They definitely have more rights than any Itsekiri leader who has ever been elected to high office." How do you like it when your own rhetoric is directed back at you? Do you still think this makes sense and is worthy of serious consideration, or does your blindness to how you come across only work in one direction?

I know it's both fun and convenient to knock down straw men, but the feeling you get from doing is entirely hollow. I have never argued that Tinubu "is responsible for the development of Lagos", and I would never do so, seeing as I know that Lagos was already developing and flourishing before the Saros you champion even started coming there in the 19th century (no Vivour even lived in Lagos before 1870). Go through my entire comment history and show me where I've made any of the straw-men claims you're knocking down here - I'll be waiting...

I repeat, you seem to have gone round the bend in your hatred of Tinubu, willing to embrace any crazy theory and insulting claim, no matter the peripheral damage done - it's not the hatred of Tinubu that disturbs me, but the outlandish claims you're willing to back because of it. My forefathers were here in Lagos before any white man or slave "returnee" ever came to the island of Eko, as were the Ijebus and Egbas whose lands are part of the artificial and arbitrary "Lagos state" which was carved out without any consultation by a military dictator. When Oba Akitoye had to flee Lagos due to Kosoko's ambitions, he fled to Abeokuta, and he was backed by an Egba woman named Tinubu, the very woman who made the name famous. Awolowo, the most famous Yoruba leader of all time, was of both Ijebu and Egba descent. Yorubas have never had the artificial borders and distinctions between us that you and the IPOB trolls you emulate seek to impose upon us, and the only effect such "real Lagosian" and "original Lagosian" rhetoric has on us is to harden us in the conviction that all of this is about much more than Tinubu as a politician (whose time in the limelight will inevitably pass), but about a do-or-die ethnic struggle for control, and as we are seeing right now with the governorship elections, that means you are condemning yourself to be perpetually on the losing side, as we won't allow ourselves to be turned into powerless outsiders in our own land, even if that means putting up with machine-politicians like Tinubu for the meantime.

I've told you this before, but if you were at all serious about defeating Tinubu politically, the intelligent thing to do would be to show us - and by "us" I mean Yorubas in general, not Igbos who already hate him with scary intensity - that there are better alternatives which won't end up with outsiders giving us marching orders in our own homeland. The worst way to go about it is the one you've chosen: adopting alienating and brazenly dishonest rhetoric insinuating that only some outsider immigrant group like the Saro are "real" and "original" Lagosians, while we Aworis, Ijebus and Egbas are somehow disqualified as being "unreal" since our lands supposedly "belong to the Binis" (by which reasoning, all Itsekiri land still belongs to the British, as they conquered it just as the Binis once conquered Lagos).

Advancedpenis:
This particular comment made Wakill to chase your people to Benin republic

jmoore:
Seun Kuti, a Yoruba man said Lagos is not Yoruba land.

Instead of the cowards to attack Seun, they are attacking Igbo people.

Epitome of cowardice!!

Who will even fight with you for calling Anambra a Yoruba land?

In fact, Igboland is Yoruba land.