happyhomesfarm:
If you need pork in Ibadan of Oyo state in general talk to me on 08135576064

wengerman:




Practical applications of probiotics in pig production

Increased sows feed consumption, protection against piglet diarrhea, meat quality improvement and many more…

Probiotics are used in all stages of porcine production: sow herd, nursery and growing-finishing pigs. Generally speaking, the use of probiotics aims to establish a healthy gut microbiota, improve health, well-being and productivity of the animals (Cho et al. 2011). However, if we are more specific, the practical application (or result) of using probiotics can be distinct in every context (see table 1). This article briefly describes main applications for which probiotics have been evaluated in different productive stages of swine production.

Table 1. Main applications of probiotics in the swine industry. Adapted from Barba-Vidal et al. Practical aspects of the use of probiotics in pig production: A review. Livestock Science 223 (2019) 84–96.


Sow herd
Reduction of clinical signs of the uterus and/or udder disease
Increase feed consumption during last pregnancy stages or lactation
Improvement of body condition at the end of lactation
Reduction of the weaning–estrus interval due to energy mobilization
Improvement of colostrum quality, milk quality and quantity
Reduction of gut pathogens in sows and/or piglets
Modulation of litter immunity
Enhancement of litter size
Enhancement of growth rates of the piglets
Reduction of clinical signs of diarrhea in piglets
Delivery of probiotics to piglets
Modulation of stress response
Nursery
Modulation of piglet’s gut microbiota
Protection against pathogenic bacteria, gastrointestinal disorders and diarrhea
Enhancement of intestinal barrier function
Modulation of immunity
Improvement of digestibility, enhanced growth and feed conversion ratio
Improvement of productive parameters in piglets
Supplementation of targeted nutrients
Fattening pigs
Improvement of meat quality
Improvement of digestibility
Reduction of contamination by decreasing fecal NH3- N
Reduction of subclinical pathogenic infections or zoonoses
Reduction of mortality
Improvement of weight gain
Improvement of gut health
Sow herd and piglets

Administering probiotic treatments to sows has demonstrated a dual potential, including benefits for themselves and for piglets. Supplementation of sows with probiotics may increase feed consumption during late pregnancy stages or lactation, improving body condition at the end of lactation (Bohmer et al. 2006). This situation is desirable, because it can cause a reduction of the necessity of energy mobilization at lactation. This, in turn, could be the explanation of the reduction in the weaning–estrus interval that has also been reported with probiotics (Hayakawa et al. 2016). Reproductive-performance-related benefits have also been reported with the use of probiotics in sows. For example, an increase in the number of piglets (Apic et al. 2014) or higher piglet growth rates with greater body weight at weaning (Alexopoulos et al. 2004). Furthermore, a reduction of gut pathogens (Kritas et al. 2015), clinical signs of uterus and/or udder disease (Apic et al. 2014), together with fewer clinical signs of diarrhea in piglets (Taras et al. 2006) have also been described. Finally, there is an ongoing scientific interest to assess the capacity of sows to deliver probiotics to piglets in early-life stages (Scharek-Tedin et al. 2015).

Nursery piglets

Up until today, the nursery period is where the use of probiotics is receiving more interest in swine production, with the aim to improve weaning outcome (de Lange et al. 2010). Weanling piglets have low disease resistance, which makes them vulnerable to stress reactions and invasion by pathogenic microorganisms (Konstantinov et al., 2006). This can be a serious problem, as this period is considered critical in terms of productivity, because performance parameters at the first week post-weaning can be correlated to subsequent performance of the pigs up to the market weight (Kats et al., 1992).

Probiotics can potentially act beneficially in these animals in several ways. For instance, it has been reported that supplementing weanlings with probiotics may prevent or improve diarrhea (Bhandari et al. 2008), re-establish microbial balance after a transient drop in favorable bacteria (Krause et al. 2010), protect against pathogenic bacteria (Casey et al. 2007), enhance intestinal barrier function (Guerra-Ordaz et al. 2014) and stimulate immunity (Lessard et al. 2009). As a consequence of one or a combination of the before-mentioned reasons, probiotics have been reported to improve productive parameters of post-weaning piglets in many occasions (Ahmed et al. 2014, Bhandari et al. 2010).

Fattening pigs

The main objective to use probiotics in this phase would be to enhance productivity. Scientific literature published until now would support the idea that although older pigs have more developed immunity, and capacity to resist intestinal disorders, there is still a margin for probiotics to act and potentiate growth; especially in early growing phases or high-density diets (Meng et al. 2010). Improvement of the final meat quality and organoleptic properties could also be another target for probiotics in this phase, as probiotics have been described to affect meat color, marbling and firmness scores (Černauskienė et al., 2011); and reduce potentially zoonotic infections such as Salmonella spp. (Casey et al., 2007). Finally, a weakly explored but interesting potential of probiotics is to reduce environmental pollutants from animal manure. Several probiotics have been reported to be capable of reducing potential pollutants from manure such as fecal noxious gas (H2S) or ammonia (NH3) content, particularly in pigs fed high-nutrient density diets (Yan and Kim, 2013). The direct mechanisms for these effects are still unknown, although indirect mechanisms such as improving feed efficiency, nutrient retention and modulation of gut microbiota are probably involved.

fellowblack:
Pig pen available in Ibadan at orile odo after odo ona kekere

BuddhaPalm:
Stop entertaining girls who are not tripping for you they way you are tripping for them.

Cut her off.

If person no send you, no send am.

Learn to treat people exactly the way they treat you, perhaps even slightly worse.

I don't know why, but women are more responsive to guys who treat them like shit if they don't behave.

Some years ago, some girl came a-visiting and acted how I didn't like.

The next morning I dropped her off at the nearest filling station...under the rain.

You won't believe how she responded to me the next time she saw me.

Then she invited herself to my place, and was the most feminine compliant girl on the planet.

Finally, don't cut her off expecting a response. Do it because you respect yourself.

Paulscholari:
17/03/2018

Praise the LORD!
Please with all humility, whilst praying with her family by GOD'S GRACE, Barbara (a Sister in H.S.M) began to pray in tongues, so the thought was that she glorified GOD. But suddenly, she screamed: "It is so hot! It's so hot!"
Her family then interrupted the prayer and recorded everything and please, following is what our LORD JESUS CHRIST let her speak by HIS GRACE.


A message from Stephen Hawking in HELL

"It is so hot here! I am Stephen Hawking, tell the atheists, tell the scientists that they should not come to this torment, no, no, they should not come! This fire is too hot and I can't take another look on this lake! It is too much, oh no! Tell the atheists not to come here! I regret what I've done, JESUS is true, JESUS CHRIST is king! Oh my God! (screaming)

“I am Stephen Hawking, everything I said was a lie, it is a lie for the enemy deceived me. Oh no, the atheists should not come here, it is too hot (screaming) They should not experience this torment.

“Tell my family and friends that they should not come here, they should not think that there's no life after death, hell is real!

“Oh, it is so hot here! Hell is real, oh I need mercy, I need mercy! I want to come back to earth to destroy my own works, I don't want to stay here, oh, hell is real, hell is real! (Screaming) I regret what I've done. Do not believe in what I did as it is a lie from the enemy, these demons told me to do so. Oh no! (Screaming)

“I regret my deeds, because of me thousands of people will enter into hellfire. Oh no! Life after death is real! I stood before the Judgement Throne and MASTER JESUS told me that I should have been with HIM now, HE wanted to use me as HIS instrument so that I might bring souls to HIM but I refused, that enemy deceived me, I refused! Oh, no! (Screaming)

“They lied to me but Hellfire is real. Oh, oh no, the demons are coming, it's too much, I can't take it anymore! Oh, hell is real, I plead for mercy, I need mercy. Oh mercy! Oh, mercy! No! (Screaming) I am Stephen Hawking and there is life after death, it is real! (Screaming) Tell those atheists, tell everyone who believes me, tell those scientists that it is true, hellfire is real. Oh no! (Screaming)"

Please, take heed whilst the sun still shines. For there is a GOD, hell is real and so is HEAVEN.
May the LORD have mercy

Coldfeets:
Stop deceiving yourself biko.

You are relishing this moment because you've always prayed for it.

Now it's your turn to take your own pound of flesh and you want to take your time in having a perfect revenge.

My friend please just go and save your sister's marriage... if you can.

Revenge is sweet but an eye for an eye will leave everyone blind.

solite3:
The earth is the Lord's and everything in it. Christians are free to go anywhere or live anywhere God leads them to. I laugh at your ignorance.
The fool said there is no God..... BTW why are you afraid of Christian's freedom. Smh

vaxx:
op do you know that the rate of succide in Europe far outweigh that of Africa...... Despite their technological advancement and human development.... They don't think twice before taking their own precious life..... Why ? they have this particular atheist mentality which says life purpose is similar to like asking for what is the purpose of cup of tea........

Most of the European counties including usa are socially and morally broken....racism is still much relevant, drug abuse is skyrocketing, pedophile and beastiality are common....... Africa has her own challengjes too but way better morally than europe.....

MistadeRegal:
OP... This thread is systematically getting derailed as well... Don't you notice?
Perhaps na DEM full here...
Both their male and female...

you still don't get it.

EvilMetahuman:
Guys in the house help o. Especially, Those who work out/gym?


Bought some dumbells and some small equipment to start doing some light work out on weekends.
Lifted the dumbells for about 30\1hr yesterday and this morning too.

Now my biceps are killing me. I can't even hold phone properly or stretch my hands straight. Everyone seems to be suggesting ice but its not working at all.

What should I do o?

diggz:



Not backing him anything.... till I see him do it over and over again. I have no trust for the guy.

diggz:



Well kante is a plus obviously but bakayoko actually stepped up with challenges he won today. He was also not lazy or looking like he wasn't interested, especially when we were not wit the balls.

MoR2:
Few Chelsea fans are blind sided by Bakayoko's mistakes but not so the majority who chant that he doesn't let any get away.

This is clearly shown in his stats 3 tackles per game while Matic makes about 2 per game and they have similar interception ratios but Bakayoko prevails in aerial duels, clearances and hardly is dribbled past. Well he commits fouls just as much as he is fouled, sure Matic passes the ball better but Bakayoko makes does runs and dribbles that 2 goals and 3 assists he has in 10 games.

He makes mistakes cause he is trying new things, he might not be a safety net but he sure makes up for the errors. He will improve, he won't be dispossed as much as he is if he reduces his runs and improves his long ball and passes, but if their's space to run through in midfield Bakayoko is gonna go for that sprint.

EvilMetahuman:
both are still bag of beans

MorataFC:
get better?
CFC is not for playing practice, if he can deliver the kind of stuff like Kante's, he should go to Cfc reserve team biko.

Chelseafan1:


Stats can be really deceiving o

soshi:



I understand..... but have u heard of the heart's autorhythmicity ....check on it....

Greatzeus:

I can't believe I had John wick on my hdd for more than a year I never watched it. Until John wick 2 came out. I downloaded it and decided to watch it. It was so awesome,I closed it and decided to watch John wick 1 first.
That's why it's bad collecting about 100gb of movies at once, you won't know which one to watch first

soshi:



boss .....d heart can generate impulses itself to make it beat.....wen there is no brain....no problem

PhilJames:
State your challenges here sir. Will assist and it will equally benefit someone else facing similar problem.

airmark:
Some people will say batshuayi wasn't given the chance, the limited time he had he scored. Did he grab it today, when called? Let no one bring mumu goals per minute stats here again. I need 90 minutes scoring striker next season who can deliver in big games, not the one that only shows up against halifax or alcorcon. I say NO to 15 minutes scoring striker. Loads of matches await us next season. We need a reliable, strong goal poacher like costa at his peak.