₦airaland Forum

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129166_001_m.jpg

Object types
game-piece (?)
figure

Materials
brass

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Register 1962:
Brass casting of an elaborately dressed figure, carrying a stick and a sword and mounted on a convex hemispherical base. This miniature brass figure of [a King] of Benin is probably a piece in a board game.

Dimensions
Height: 2.8 inches


Curator's comments
Register 1962:
Brass casting of an elaborately dressed figure, carrying a stick and a sword and mounted on a convex hemispherical base.
This miniature brass figure of an oba of Benin is probably a piece in a board game such as that illustrated in 'Antique Works of Art from Benin', collected by Lieutenant general Pitt-Rivers Plate XXVIII Fig 184 M85.


S. NIGERIA-BENIN.

Subject
king/queen

Acquisition date
1962

Acquisition name
Donated by Mrs Estelle W Fuller

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1970-1973, London, Museum of Mankind, Divine Kingship in Africa
1991 Feb-Apr, Norwich, Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts, Man and Metal in Ancient Nigeria

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00522/AN00522022_001_l.jpg

Object types
plaque

Title (series)
Benin Plaques

Materials
brass

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Relief plaque made of brass cast using the 'cire perdue' (lost wax) technique. Rectangular in form with side flanges (largely missing). Holes for attachment at top and bottom right. Background surface is decorated with stylised quatrefoil (river leaf) patterns and stippling.

Depicts a drummer playing on two wooden slit drums. A cannon and a dish with a mudfish are shown in the top right.

Dimensions
Height: 45.4 centimetres
Width: 29.8 centimetres
Depth: 7.4 centimetres


Curator's comments
Register 1961:
Brass plaque representing man seated cross-legged and playing on two slit gongs. At top left are three slacked miniature cannon, top right on object shaped like an acorn, below it a skewered mud fish in a bowl. Background decorated with flower motif.

SOUTHERN NIGERIA-BENIN

Plankensteiner 2007:
The prominent drummer on this singular plaque with beads on his wrist and neck may have been a high-ranking member of a subsection of the Ogbelaka guild known as Ikpe-iwini. He was playing on the occasion of the investiture of a chief or during palace ceremonies such as the Igue festival. In the numerous festivals held throughout the year and especially in dances at the palace, drummers featured prominently. There exist various groups of drummers, from the Ikpema and the Ogbelaka guild. The musical instruments played on this plaque are cylindrical wooden slit-drums. The other object depicted on the upper right seems to be a cannon which distuinguishes this drummer as a member of the Ogbelaka. This guild comprises subsections of warriors, drummers, diviners and healers. Under the cannon the artist placed an offering bowl with a mudfish.

Subject
musician
arms/armour

Acquisition date
1961

Acquisition name
Collected by Dr J Patrick Howe
Purchased from Mrs M B Jennings

Acquisition notes
Register 1961: Collected by Dr. Howe on the Benin Expedition of 1897.

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1970-1973, London, Museum of Mankind, Divine Kingship in Africa
2007 May-Sept, Vienna, Museum für Völkerkunde, Benin. Kings and Rituals: Court Arts from Nigeria
2007-2008 Oct-Jan, Paris, Musée du quai Branly, Benin. Kings and Rituals: Court Arts from Nigeria
2008 Feb-May, Berlin, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Ethnologisches Museum, Benin. Kings and Rituals: Court Arts from Nigeria
2008 Jun-Sept, Chicago, The Art Institute of Chicago, Benin. Kings and Rituals: Court Arts from Nigeria

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129165_001_m.jpg

Object types
figure

Materials
bronze

Techniques
beaten

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Figure with head-dress and fish-head feet made from beaten sheet bronze; possibly representing King.


Curator's comments
Register 1961 later addition [than others in collection Af1961,17]:
Bronze-sheet figure with fish head feet.
BENIN [?" the Oba in divine aspect"]

SOUTHERN NIGERIA- BENIN

Acquisition date
1961

Acquisition name
Collected by Dr J Patrick Howe
Donated by Mrs M B Jennings

Acquisition notes
Register 1961: Collected by Dr. J.P.Howe on the Benin Expedition of 1897.

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1970-1973, London, Museum of Mankind, Divine Kingship in Africa

https://imageshack.us/a/img692/7349/bypaulabenamos.jpg

This is picture 90 from the book The Art of Benin by Paula Ben-Amos. The picture's not exactly perfect in terms of quality compared to the original image unfortunately. Here's the caption for the picture:

"90 Oba Erediauwa at Emobo 1981"

On the next page is an image of the same ivory gong already posted above and this is the caption:

"91 Ivory gong. The Oba strikes an ivory gong to drive away evil forces. Similar rituals are carried out in villages when supernatural danger threatens. There, however, iron gongs are used. The royal gong is made of ivory, white being a symbol of ritual purity, and has carved designs of crocodiles, mudfish, water tortoises and snakes - all drawn from Olokun's pure and perfect world. The predominance of allusions to ritual purity reflects the ideal state to which Emobo aspires."

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00071/AN00071782_001_l.jpg

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00170/AN00170792_001_l.jpg

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00250/AN00250402_001_l.jpg

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00576/AN00576847_001_l.jpg

Object types
gong
bell

Title (series)
Benin Ivory

Materials
elephant ivory

Techniques
carved

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Carved ivory double gong or bell, decorated with carved figures.

Dimensions
Height: 14 inches


Curator's comments
Register 1963:
Ivory double-gong, of triangular shape with eliptical [sic] oval section. Main gong shows an abraxas figure on one side and an Oba with two supporting figures on the other, two nearly free standing figures are carved at each side of the mouth of the gong. The secondary gong arises at the base of the main gong and is joined to the same handle it also has two almost free standing figures on each side of the mouth. The carving is partly defaced.

NIGERIA, BENIN

Plankensteiner 2007:
In customary belief, the rhythmic sound of a hand-held metal gong can heal illness, when struck gently with a rod. However, gongs of iron or bronze differ in their functions, since the qualities of each material differ. Iron is hard and strong, while copper alloys are softer but more lasting. A few of these instruments include the cup of a smaller gong attached at the front to produce an additional tone, and this type is called a double bell.
Objects carved from ivory are restricted to the royal family and to certain favoured associates. Ivory is highly valued for many reasons. It is as white as Olokun's sacred kaolin clay, 'orhue', which brings purity and peace to anything it touches. Ivory is also difficult to obtain, beautiful, and luxurious.
Six early ivory double bells survive, and four of these are carved with nearly identical power-engendering images. This intricate ivory is one of two especially fragile examples that are completely intact (the other is in the Lagos Museum of Nigeria). These 16th century bells are the precursors of a lovely ivory instrument used today by the Oba of Benin, during the rite called Ugie Emobo. The ritual occurs after the annual palace ceremonies that culminate in Igue and Ugie Erha Oba.
During the annual ceremonies, the Oba's palace is open to all varieties of spirits, who are invited to partake of sacrifices offered to sustain their vigour. When the ceremonial festival is over, these visiting spirits are asked to leave Benin, and to move to the community of Udo, where similar ceremonies are about to begin. In the Emobo ritual, the Oba wears his most majestic beaded crown and accoutrements as he emerges from his palace grounds. Accompanied by musicians and retainers, he moves in a stately manner, tapping gently on the ivory double bell. His rhythmic tapping of the ivory is intended to calm and dismiss unruly spirits who are reluctant to depart. The carved images on these ivory bells are apotropaic, forcing disgruntled supernatural beings to distance themselves from Benin.

Subject
king/queen (all objects)

Acquisition date
1963

Acquisition name
Collected by Adm Sir George Leclerc Egerton (?)
Donated by Mrs Margaret Plass

Acquisition notes
Register 1962: Collected by Admiral Egerton on the Benin Expedition of 1897.

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1970-1973, London, Museum of Mankind, Divine Kingship in Africa
1995-1996, London, Royal Academy, Africa: The Art of a Continent
2007 May-Sept, Vienna, Museum für Völkerkunde, Benin. Kings and Rituals: Court Arts from Nigeria
2007-2008 Oct-Jan, Paris, Musée du quai Branly, Benin. Kings and Rituals: Court Arts from Nigeria
2008 Feb-May, Berlin, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Ethnologisches Museum, Benin. Kings and Rituals: Court Arts from Nigeria
2008 Jun-Sept, Chicago, The Art Institute of Chicago, Benin. Kings and Rituals: Court Arts from Nigeria

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129180_001_l.jpg

Object types
lid

Materials
brass

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Description
Lid (for box, with figures) made of brass.

Acquisition date
1965

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00506/AN00506828_001_l.jpg

Object types
pedestal

Materials
brass

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Bronze king's armrest.

Dimensions
Height: 35.5 inches

Curator's comments
Register 1954
Royal armrest: consists of a cylinder of sheet brass with sheet brass discs attached at top and bottom, the whole decorated with bands of repossé work representing human faces, animal forms and formal patterns.
Bought, Foster. 20/10/32. 35/=.

Plankensteiner 2007

This is an example of the arm rest that the king uses on those ritual occasions where he is seated on the pouf-like throne during annual refresher ceremonies where the traditional throne is required. The arm rest used today is made of wood and dried leather covered with scarlet red cloth (ododo).

This arm rest is made of beaten brass (probably over a sturdy frame). The low relief designs are hammered out from the back by the repousse technique. Benin repousse objects including cylindrical bracelets and beaten costume ornaments are made by the brass casters and usually depict the same motifs found on cast art, but are less elegant and more amateurish than the cast bracelets. Except for the rope of the world iconography near the pedestal representing long life and the equal arm cross with the nearly the same meaning, the designs that appear here are either idiosyncratic or, more likely, represent the abstract powdered chalk designs made on performance spaces for cult ceremonies such as Olokun. One may assume that the designs on the arm rest allude to the king’s sacredness and majesty.

It is not known when such types of armrests were introduced. This example might have been produced in the late 19th century and is reproduced on a photograph from 1897 showing assembled artworks in the ruins of the royal palace in Benin, owned by the National Army Museum in London.

Acquisition date
1954

Acquisition name
Collected by Foster
Donated by Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1970-1973, London, Museum of Mankind, Divine Kingship in Africa
2007 May-Sept, Vienna, Museum für Völkerkunde, Benin. Kings and Rituals: Court Arts from Nigeria
2007-2008 Oct-Jan, Paris, Musée du quai Branly, Benin. Kings and Rituals: Court Arts from Nigeria
2008 Feb-May, Berlin, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Ethnologisches Museum, Benin. Kings and Rituals: Court Arts from Nigeria

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129349_001_m.jpg

Object types
bell

Materials
bronze

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Bronze bell.

Acquisition date
1944

Acquisition name
Donated by Irene Marguerite Beasley
Previous owner/ex-collection Harry Geoffrey Beasley

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1970-1973, London, Museum of Mankind, Divine Kingship in Africa

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129303_001_m.jpg

Object types
bell

Materials
bronze

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Bronze bell.

Acquisition date
1905

Acquisition name
Purchased from Maj W A Crawford Cockburn

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1970-1973, London, Museum of Mankind, Divine Kingship in Africa

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129300_001_m.jpg

Object types
bell

Materials
iron
brass

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Bell made from brass and iron.

Acquisition date
1900

Acquisition name
Collected by Gen Sir William Charles Giffard Heneker
Purchased from Rollin & Feuardent

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1970-1973, London, Museum of Mankind, Divine Kingship in Africa

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00125/AN00125039_001_l.jpg

Object types
lid (?)
figure

Materials
brass

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Lid (?), disc (with group of three human figures) made of brass.

Dimensions
Height: 3 inches

Curator's comments
Register 1954
Brass: one human figure seated and two kneeling with a four-branched object between them, various animal and inanimate forms lie at their feet. The whole group stands on a cirvular, saucer-shaped base. The seated figure holds an object like a stone axe.

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129121_001_m.jpg

Object types
mask
bell

Materials
fibre (?)
bronze

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Cast bronze mask of male head wearing bead collar and fringe of mudfish, and with string and one bell hanging from rings behind.

Dimensions
Length: 7.3 inches


Curator's comments
Register 1947:
Another similar [to Af1947,18.38], one bell hanging from rings behind mudfish fringe; a difference in the mudfish.

37-61 BENIN, NIGERIA

Subject
fish (all objects)

Acquisition date
1947

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN01135/AN01135520_001_m.jpg

Object types
figure

Materials
wood

Techniques
carved

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Description
A warrior head carved in reddish wood; the helmet with a tall vertical on the right and small conical projections above the ears; the helmet of squares, each divided into three, alternating vertically and horizontally; with high gorget of horizontal bands; the eyes oval with broad outlines, with circular disc set in the middle; front and right side badly eaten away.

Dimensions
Height: 40 centimetres
Width: 21.5 centimetres


Condition
Very poor; much of face and right side missing; lower part largely hollowed out; grassy material stuffed in some cavities.

Curator's comments
Brown card label 'bought of Mrs Efiakpo (?) for c. (illegibile)' three pounds on reverse 'Property of Mr W B Fagg parcel no 19 x19 x24'; Eth.Doc.121.

Acquisition date
1993

Acquisition name
Bequeathed by William Buller Fagg

.

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00523/AN00523180_001_l.jpg

Object types
staff
figure

Materials
bronze

Techniques
lost-wax cast (?)

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Bronze staff-top figure of ibis-like bird on a tubular base.

Dimensions
Length: 12.6 inches

Curator's comments
Register 1941:
Bronze figure of ibis-like bird on tubular base.

From near Benin, S.Nigeria.

Subject
bird (all objects)

Acquisition date
1941

Acquisition name
From Percy Tarbutt

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1970-1973, London, Museum of Mankind, Divine Kingship in Africa
1991 Feb-Apr, Norwich, Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts, Man and Metal in Ancient Nigeria

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129425_001_l.jpg

Object types
hip mask

Materials
metal

Techniques
cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)


Dimensions
Height: 14 centimetres
Width: 8 centimetres

Condition
Good; a hole through right centre forehead, possible damage centre forehead; small piece broken from curve on extreme right (ear?).

Curator's comments
Eth.Doc.121.

Acquisition date
1993

Acquisition name
Bequeathed by William Buller Fagg

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129339_001_l.jpg

Object types
plaque
pendant

Title (series)
Benin Plaques

Materials
bronze

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Cast bronze relief plaque or pendant ornament.

Acquisition date
1934

Acquisition name
Donated by Edward Croft-Murray

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1970-1973, London, Museum of Mankind, Divine Kingship in Africa

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129449_001_m.jpg

Object types
staff
figure

Materials
clay
bronze

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Period/Culture
Lower Niger Bronze Industry

Description
Warrior figure (with shield), staff finial made of bronze, clay.

Dimensions
Height: 13.5 centimetres
Width: 6.5 centimetres

Acquisition date
1967

Acquisition name
Collected by William Buller Fagg
Purchased from Mrs L Fagg

[Yet another "Lower Niger Bronze Industry" piece from Benin. My hypothesis/conjecture is that it is probably from an outlying province somewhere that was under Benin control at one point.]

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129170_001_l.jpg

Object types
mask

Materials
iron
brass

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Period/Culture
Lower Niger Bronze Industry

Description
Costume mask (in form of human face) made of brass, iron.

Curator's comments
Register addition "Benin".
Register addition "Lower Niger Bronze Industry".

Acquisition date
1964

Acquisition name
Purchased from A Hales

[This is another piece, like that horseman posted earlier, with a "Lower Niger Bronze Industry" style.]

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00125/AN00125271_001_m.jpg

Object types
bell

Materials
metal

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Description
Bell made of metal.

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00125/AN00125274_001_m.jpg

Object types
bell

Materials
metal

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00123/AN00123953_001_l.jpg

Object types
plaque

Title (series)
Benin Plaques

Materials
bronze

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Cast bronze relief plaque.

Acquisition date
1903

Acquisition name
Donated by E J K Cordner

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1970-1973, London, Museum of Mankind, Divine Kingship in Africa

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00123/AN00123954_001_l.jpg

Object types
plaque

Title (series)
Benin Plaques

Materials
bronze

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Cast bronze relief plaque.

Acquisition date
1903

Acquisition name
Donated by E J K Cordner

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1970-1973, London, Museum of Mankind, Divine Kingship in Africa

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129344_001_l.jpg

Object types
armlet
arm-ornament

Materials
bronze

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Bronze arm ornament.

Acquisition date
1944

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129321_001_l.jpg

Object types
armlet

Materials
bronze

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Bronze armlet.


Curator's comments
See Ethdoc 223 - Objects selected by T A Joyce

Acquisition date
1920

Acquisition name
Purchased from A H Unwin (all objects)

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129341_001_l.jpg

Object types
armlet
arm-ornament

Materials
bronze

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Bronze arm ornament.

Acquisition date
1944

[This is just my hypothesis, but the strange looking figure on the armlet is probably the outline of a Portuguese/European person, representing trade wealth (although one does wonder why they didn't just depict the figure out right or in full detail as is done on several other pieces).]

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00124/AN00124130_001_l.jpg

Title (series)
Benin Plaques

Materials
brass

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Cast brass relief plaque.


Curator's comments
Register 1954
Brass, shield-shaped plaque showing a central human figure whose legs end in fish heads, supported by two kneeling figures: all figures wear beaded caps and collars and are in high relief.

Acquisition date
1954

Acquisition name
Donated by Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1970-1973, London, Museum of Mankind, Divine Kingship in Africa
1993-1997, London, Museum of Mankind, Great Benin: a West African Kingdom

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00123/AN00123951_001_l.jpg

Title (series)
Benin Plaques

Materials
bronze

Techniques
lost-wax cast

Place (findspot)
Found/Acquired Benin City
(Africa,Nigeria,Edo State,Benin City)

Ethnic group
Made by Edo

Description
Cast bronze relief plaque. Depicts snake.

Subject
reptile

Acquisition date
1908

Acquisition name
Donated by H N Thompson

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1970-1973, London, Museum of Mankind, Divine Kingship in Africa


[I posted this piece already above, but this is another image.]

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00129/AN00129408_001_l.jpg

Description
Bell (with human head, and crocodiles) made of bronze.


Acquisition notes
Acquisition details unknown.

Exhibition History
Exhibited:

1993-1997, London, Museum of Mankind, Great Benin: a West African Kingdom

https://images2.bridgemanart.com/cgi-bin/bridgemanImage.cgi/400wm.IMA.0817230.7055475/324001.jpg

Pendant in the form of two entwined mudfish, Nigeria (copper alloy, bone & ivory)

Location: Indianapolis Museum of Art, USA

https://images2.bridgemanart.com/cgi-bin/bridgemanImage.cgi/400wm.IMA.4216320.7055475/232945.jpg

Staff with bird finial, Benin, Nigeria, 16th-19th century (brass)

Location: Indianapolis Museum of Art, USA

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collectionimages/AN00506/AN00506418_001_l.jpg

Description
One of a pair of carved ivory armlets (with Af1897,-.521).


Curator's comments
Pair with Af1897,-.521

Acquisition date
1897

Acquisition name
Purchased from Maj W A Crawford Cockburn

Acquisition notes
Benin City Expedition 1897