olumide4christ:


Here are some pics....many high rise buildings in the Victoria Island area of Lagos are built using hollow clay pot floor slab instead of solid concrete slab.

Its not economical for office complex and apartment buildings with huge span requirements to use solid slabs.

EgunMogaji:


Thanks.

Seems straightforward. I think we discussed this before by AbdulWastecx.

I wonder why no one has used it yet in here.

Its uneconomical to use a rib or waffle slab for our residential buildings since our residential buildings have span requirements less < 5m.

msogunro:


Would the higher cost of stronger blocks reduce cost in othe areas, let's say all the material and workmanship costs related to the construction of columns?

Or let's say the strongest blocks possible are used for the corner's and on the sides of doors and then regular blocks are used for demarcation?

Please excuse my very basic questions. Just curious.

Not really, we use the colunms in conjuction with a ring lintel to give the bungalow a mini frame. It wont work with strong blocka at the coners ..... The sancrete blocks interlock to form one strong wall...... Failure of one unit can be detrimental to the whole.
Besides....many bungalows in Nigeria, are built without the colunms, the effect wont be felt immidiatlt but at a later date when horizontal cracks beging to appear slong the walls.

msogunro:


Thanks for the thorough response.

Why are Nigerian blocks weak? Is it the mix ratio, cement, weather, etc?

It seems like whoever can develop a strong block, can be a very rich person.

Its our generally poor knowledge of Building construction coupled with weak building enforcement agencies.
A Bs certified block might cost a bit more than the normal block we use, the extra cost would drive people away and cause a loss for whoever wants to go into that but if we have agencies that would ensure no matter the cost, Nigerians follow proper building construction methods and use BS certified Building materials, then it would be a good venture to go into.
Buildings in developed nations cost more than buildings in Nigeria, Because in Developed nations there is no avenue to cut corners, every building standards must be followed.

msogunro:


I've been scouring the Nairaland properties section soaking up as much information and knowledge as possible and stumbled upon this old thread

Please see the bolded portion of your comment above. Are you saying that you only added the columns because of weak blocks? If so, could you have used a mixing ratio that gives you a very strong block and reduce the number of columns?

I've noticed that weak blocks seem to be the weakest link in most builds I've seen on Nairaland. Can investing in the strongest blocks possible up front reduce the cost of building the carcass?

In Civil Engineering... We have what we call load bearing walls and partition walls of which walls can be made of blocks, wood, glass or polysterene.
In Nigeria sancrete blocks are more common for use in residential buildings.
Due to poor regulatary measures, the sancrete blocks are ususally of low Fcu( Strength) and many of the blocks we use lack the strength to qualify for use as load bearing walls. To cater for this uncertainty over the strength of the blocks, we introduce Reinforced concrete colunms to reduce the load bearing need of the blocks and we have technically rendered the blocks as partition walls, rather than load bearing walls.
Another factor we considered is the soil, since a Geothecnic survey was not carried out, we decided to introduce the reinforced concrete colunms as a factor of safety to cater for discrepancies in the soil conditions.
To answere your Questions, if you can establish to a very high degree of certainty the strength of the blocks and the nature of the soil, its possible to build your bungalow without Rc colunms, in fact its possible to build a duplex without RC counms, and design the building and construct the building with load bearing walls.
Thank you.

kopell:
This kind of comments make me sick !!! when new goverment took over the electricity situation as being very bad!!!! Do you ever ask those people that are blowing the gas line that suppose to supply to the genarating plant. Those are the poeple that never want Nigeria to have a steady light. It not like in the past when goverment pay criminal millions of dollar to keep them away form doing there devilish art. How long do we going to be doing that. Thank God the money is no more there like when the oil was selling for $130 a barrel.

Haba, i am not blaming anybody ooo, i am just pointing out my observations...

EgunMogaji:


Technically yes but it'll be ridiculously heavy.

We're using plastic standoff here and even reducing use of wire ties.

In a book Standard method of detailing strucutral concrete published by the Institute of structural Engineers, they specifically recommended concrete spacers or plastic spacers. Even morter or insitu concrete spacers are prohibited.
Its difficult to maintain standards in Nigeria, most people dont even know the functions of spacers, besides plastic nor concrete spacers are not very popular in Nigeria or even sold.

Memejem:
How much is land?

100ft x 100ft as a price range of 2.5-3million naira.

olumide4christ:


This is truly how isolated pad footings should be constructed, not the way I have been seeing them constructed in some threads here on Nairaland.

There are lots of construction methods employed in this country that's not backed up by building codes or even textbooks. The strip footing we use in combination with an isolated pad footing is used to replace the splinth beam we ought to use. One funny fact, The spinth beam is more economical than a strip footing.

mufutau55:


That is very good.. may be I should have come and build my house in that area o.

Hajji M.

Electricity used to be 22hrs daily but since this new government took over, the electricity situation as been very bad. Its not too late to move over here, Its about 40minutes drive to the Abuja city centre and 1hr30mins to the airport.

n3xt:


Hmm! I think Hajji is only disappointed that the people they left back home only ended up increasing the population without corresponding infrastructural development.

Before Hajji left, there's pipe borne water in most part of the cities except for the rural areas. But now, 89% of the country do not have access to good water.

Hajji is still in shock that Cocoa House built in 1965 still remain one of the tallest building in Nigeria after 5 decades. He's surprised that the last Dam Built in Nigeria was built in the 80s.

The situation is very sad and pathetic because he cannot get water from your place in Suleja.

Things are bad.... We would get there once we open our eyes from the stupid things that blind us from developement

mufutau55:


Very, very sad. But we have no choice o. Even Dangote go get borehole for him house o.

Hajji M.

Some parts of Nigeria have running tap water especially the capital cities, My location in Suleja,Niger state as 24hrs water supply. Things are bad but not that bad

Very low cost 2bedroom bungalow
This is suited for a 60ft x 30ft plot of land.
2 insuite bedrooms Rooms with dimensions of 12ft x 12ft
Parking space for a minimum of one car.
Cost estimate of 4-5million naira.

EngrOsas:


Fire him
You need double reinforcements at supports

The Designer was contracted by the client, We collected the strucutral drawings from the client and build.
But on your claims of double reinforcement at the base/foundation of a stair, can you please expantiate with extracts from literatures written by known authors, many literatures validate the designer but i wont mind hearing your own claims.

5bedroom bubgalow + a penthouse
Suited for a 60ftx120ft

Visit our other thread displaying our architecural and strucutral design portfolio
https://www.nairaland.com/2915461/3d-views-buildings-harneyproject-team

bzm7:
@podosci @abdulwastecx I thought you would do a collection of you projects here from the title of this post, i.e., something like an architect's portfolio.









BZM7: Where you graduated from is much less important than your actual ability in the profession.

Please visit the threand below for our porfolio.
Thank you
https://www.nairaland.com/3253885/how-build-duplexes-nigeria

EngrOsas:


Wrong!!!
This isn't how to reinforce stairs

The reinforment for the stair were placed based on the structural specifications of the designing engineer.

okezed:
It's only a mad person that whose madness has gone out of proportion is calling a sane person mad. Hence you're displaying your own insanity in public domen.(Q1) Did Burutai refute the said allegations?(Q2)Did FG not issued statement that yes he do have the said properties?(Q3) Did Aisha after knowing the important of that visitation not deem it fit to visit Mitchell Obama to bury her enemies?(Q4)Didn't you know why Saraki's wife visited white house was to expose Aisha's purported visit to America? My friend think before you comment or post before you win Mr ZOMBIE for the year.

Are you sane?
Read your statement again.
If Sahara reporters were correct when they exposed Burutais fraudulant practices, why should they be wrong now?

Laurettalolo:
fayose raised very powerful points that needs to look into, though zombies will not like this, I support fayose

Like seriousky? You believe Fayose over sahara reporters? But when Sahara reporters said Burutai and dambazua were thieves, we all believed them and asked Buhari to sack them.
So what changed, that we dont believe them anymore

okezed:
I wonder oooo. I begin to think if that place is not one African country's airport. with the level of lies in APC's DNA I believe PDP

You believe Sahara reporters when they said Burutai as properties in dubai but dont believe them when they say Aisha Buhari is in the US.
You ignorance and stupidity is on another level.

dejavubobo1:


Emekablue

On Aisha buhari case . Last week I called the United States Institute of Peace in Washington DC. They have no Itinerary schedule for Aisha Haliburton. The phone number is 202-457-1700. When in doubt, you satisfy your curiosity, I just did.
The Woman is in RIO or Qatar as stated by Ekiti pdp,check out all the Nizooria Flags welcoming her in all those fake pictures APC spin doctors have been posting online. I made a post on this last week but as usual I never make FP
Emmmm If Aisha Buhari was in America, as per custom , the Nigerian Ambassador's wife would have welcomed her at the airport and act as her chaperone until she departs back to Nizooria
Many Notable News papers and media houses would have invited her to talk about her new book on how to do hair and makeup.
Michelle Obama would have honored her with a private dinner at the West Wing of the White House. Well, it did not happen..
#Okbye
Nairalanders there's a number there, call the Institute and confirm for yourself....I know your crazy support has almost turned most to dunces that believes every damn thing but a little effort won't kill you.

Did you call the number? Foolish people everywhere

Drbarmes:

I still ask when designing a slab do u ignore the loads imposed by the blockwork?

There are three steps involved in the structural Design of a Building.
- Load estimation
- Structural analysis
- Structural Design
The Load estimation is very important because a mistake in load estimation can lead to collapse.
The image below represents a typical floor plan and From section X-X, we can clearly see the the load from a block work being carried by the beam.Due to the monolithic Slab and beam construction carried out in Nigeria its easy for laymen to mistake loading of a beam with sancrete blocks to loading on a slab but structural analysis reveals the actual loading configuration as indicated in section Y-Y. The load of a typical 3m high wall of 0.225m thickness is estimated to be about 3.47kn/m

There are cases were the slab is laoded with partition walls as can be seen in Panel 3, such cases occur in Nigerian buildings in toilet areas or Balconies or office complex.
In load estimation,
- For lightweight partition walls mostly found in office complex( wooden or Pvc partition walls), the BS code and EN codes specify a load of 0.5-1.5kn/m2 depending if the partition wall is a dead load or a life load( movable partition wall)
-for heavy blockwalls the loads with magnitudes ranging from 2.7-5.8kn/m(load varies based on material and thickness) are applied either as area loads or line loads.
The analysis of this loads depend on the location of the load on the slab, the perpendicularity of the load to the slab.
-For 2way slabs, estimation of the blockwall loads are far more complicated but would be explained at a later time.
With this, i hope i have been of assistance in explaining the loading configuration of Buildings to you.
Thank you

freshvine:


Can you study and design for flood and erosion control in a community?

Hi, my partner @abdulwastecx as knowledge and relevant experience in that field. We can be of assistance to you whenever you are ready

Drbarmes:

Can u imagine! And u call yourself an engineer. How do u compute dead loads on a slab without partitions?. The only load on a beam is that of a slab. Pls go n learn more.

read your post veryyyyy slowwwlly... And if you see nothing wrong in your public display of ignorance with the nuisance you just posted then i would advice you to stop designing buildings.
I want to assume all your knowledge of structural design and analysis is from "Structural design by Oyenuga", so as a good person i would advice you to refere to literatures written by TH megson, Mosley and Bunley, Barry and other revered authors before you end up killing people with your ignorance.
Thank you.

Drbarmes:

Bros as a civil engineer u are supposed to be supervising building construction. Leave that to a builder cos he has a better knowledge of cost management than u. The introduction of plinth beam for a uniform soil like urs is a waste of resources. Plinth beams are mostly used where u have a soil with even bearing capacity to tie the foundation columns and distribute the loads round the foundation.

How do you know the soil will undergo unifrom settlement? No where did we post the bearing capacity or settlement rate of the soil, so i am confused as to how you are able to make deductions from mere looking at the soil from a picture?
Back to your comment.
You are used to the wrong methods of building construction due to a lack of understand of building elements and the structural implications of building elements. You are confussing a splinth beam from a grade beam and interchanging there functions.
I have posted some literatures above, refere to them and get back to me.
Thank you

msogunro:


@ podosci, Please check your email again.

Okay sir

einsteino:
I am interested in learning how to write such. Could you give pointers?

You need knowledge of Excel to a good level,
Knowlwdge of structural analysis
Knowledge of matrix
Knowledge of clapeyron three moment equation

biddy90:
Good morning everyone. Please can the professionals in the house give us an idea of the cost of building a terrace block with 5 units of 4-bedroom terrace duplexes in Ajah area (one floor only). The block is about 36m (wide) x 12m (length), meaning each terrace is abt 7m x 12m. Ajah land is water logged and requires abt 2m foundation. We want finishing to be standard.

My bro and I need this to guide us before we jump into starting off. Please we would like only professionals to respond to help us.

Architectural and structural design people can also give quotation of their own design charges based on the details provided above.

We appreciate helping us on this project. Regards.

There is no contact information?

spatiakrux:


Are THESE info based on the recommendations of the structural analysis and design?

Yes sir

back2sender:

AbdulWastecx can this be consider as part of the ways one can reduce the dead weight on a suspended slab... Using 6 inches block rather than 9 inches block on a suspended slab for a duplex? Reducing the number of pillars on the suspended slab to the roofing stage ? Using 12mm in place of 16mm for the pillars on the suspended slab to the roofing stage?. Thanks in advance

The blockwork is not loaded on the slab, Its loaded on the beam. Its only in cases where there is no underlying beam or load bearing walls that the load is directly on the slab(Thats another discussion entirely)
One of the pillers of Structural Engineering is Economy, Thats whats guides during our structural dedign in placement of pillers and selection of sizes of structural members.
The best Economic way of reducing load and cost is to carry out a proper structural design by a competent Structural Engineer.

Oguieke:
your works here are generally poor starting from foundation excavation, blinding, bar placement, the oversight concrete, to the d.p.c block work,also your mix ratio is something else even when you claim its 1:2:4,the work here are generally poor.next time try to consult an experienced and COREN certified structural Engr to guide you properly to avoid hard I known. thanks.

I am highly disappointed in your comment, partly because you claim to be a professional and such comments are unethical in a public forum and mostly because you speak out of ignorance in your drive to attract publicity for your own selfish reasons.
I am a civil engineer who majored in sturcutral Engineering with vast experience in strucutral design and building construction, all my works are backed up by relevant building standards and i can confidently stand up to defend them with extracts from building codes and literatures by known authors.
I wanted to reply you on the points raised but checked your profile and dicovered you are fond of going about discrediting works of other professionals in a bid to attract publicity to yourself.
I would imploy others reading this thrend to ignore your posts as they are irrelevant to the topic.
Thank you.