According to sources, the area which is in Igbo-Eze North Local Government Area of the state was populated by Igbo, Idoma and Igalla communities who had been inter-marrying for ages.

Actually, we used to have an Ette indigene on nairaland here, by the name lordlexy.

He is from the Idoma majority of Ette, and From the exchanges I had with him, I gathered that the Idomas of Ette just like the Idomas of Enugu Ezike( the Adukwus that had since assimilated and became Igbo) are more than willing to become Igbos.

Only that they face discrimination at the hands of the Igbos in Ette and Nsukka area as a whole, who don't consider them as " real Igbos".
I got the impression that once these people are properly assimilated and made to feel equal to the rest of Ndiigbo in Nsukka area, they would always make sure the Igalas there are put in check.

bigfrancis21:
You see the issue with many online articles is that they do not tell the story in full most times or they fail to portray the actual situation on ground. Many give hasty news also. For example, the olumbanasaa villages in Anambra north, an isolated island on the side of the anambra river that falls in Anambra state. Many articles you find online describe them as 'the 7 Igala speaking villages of Anambra state', and from reading the articles one would think that they speak only Igala however in reality all of these people speak Igbo fluently and many bear Igbo names as well. However, these factual details are left out in many articles online.

Coming to the Ugbodus/Ilukwobis of Delta state. Many articles would call them the olukwumi-speaking people of Delta state. Again, the impression most people would have is that they speak 'mostly' or 'only' Olukwumi or Olukwumi is their native language. But the actual situation on ground is that everyone, I mean everyone, speaks Igbo as first language from children to adults. Majority bear Igbo names except for recent efforts by a few to adopt Olukwumi names. Then some speak Ilukwobi, who are mostly the adults. In addition, the Ilukwobi they speak has heavy Igbo influence, pronunciation and words adapted into it. The street language in Ugbodu is Igbo. Infact in Ugbodu no Ugbodu person will speak Olukwumi to another person on the street except he/she knows that the other person can speak/understand it because not everyone speaks it but instead Igbo because everybody speaks it in Ugbodu.

Coming back to the Iggas and Ogurugus. These people are not any more different from the Ilukwobis/Olukwumis of Delta state. Igbo is their native language, as evidenced in their native names. Igala is another language many learn to speak while growing up. That's the situation on ground.

I am trying so hard to stop laughing at this post. I know lots of kids with full-fledged Nigerian parents that speak English alone. Does that mean that they are now English men?

ianSweet:
An empire is not and can never be the only reason why a neighbouring tribe may adopt the language of her neighbours, far from it!

I am a student of history, so i have studied many ethnic groups in Nigeria and all over the world and i have seen cases where neighbouring tribes pick up each other's language without an empire or kingdom being involved. So, saying because igbo land never had an empire is a reason why anybody who speaks igbo today must be igbo is very very wrong. Ethnicity to a large extent today should be based on choice.
Germans, Austrians and majority of Swiss people speak German, but they choose to maintain different ethnic identities. The Portuguese and Spanish are practically the same people who speak a similar language and have same origin and cultures but they chose to identify differently, even the Catalonians and Galicians who are of Spanish nationality reject being labelled ethnically spanish.

There are Igala indigenes in Benue and many of these igalas speak idoma too, at the peripheral areas they speak each others language.

I have a friend who is Esan by tribe from Edo state but her people speak Ika as their mother's tongue. I made inquiries about that town and i found out that these Esan people were influenced by their Ika neighbours (Agbor) and their Esan language has now been replaced by Ika and only the elders still speak Esan, the younger ones have switched to Ika but the people's culture remain primarily Esan, can we now say that these people are Ikas or Igbos?

Most Plateau and Borno state people speak Hausa fluently and some of them are even dropping their languages for Hausa, but neither Hausas nor fulanis ever conquered Plateau or Borno people.

Yorubas never conquered or ruled Nupes, Baribas, Ogori magongo or Akoko edo at any point in time in history but many of these people speak yoruba in their homelands even more than their own native languages.

Calabar people never had an empire but many of their neighbours to the north in cross river still understand Efik. There are many more instances of these in Nigeria and the world over. Larger or more influential languages will always influence or even displace the smaller ones with or without the presence of an empire. Cultures too can also be shared.

Talking about market days (similar culture), Igalas and Idomas share the same market days with igbos, i guess this has made us igbos. Baseless.

Honestly, I feel like dashing you one bottle of my most expensive cocktail for this superb analysis you have posted here. You are too much. No, you are three much! Collect one high-five, jare.

[b] Lordlexyy: Etteh is my community. Boundary wise, the community is situated in Enugu state. In terms of culture, it has very little in connection with the Idomas and not the Igalas. The language spoken are predominantly Idoma. Igbo language comes second for areas that are regarded as igbos. Igala language is meanly spoken by some few who believe they are Igalas. To be honest, the Etteh community ideologically believes they are Igbos and has very little in connection to both the Igalas and the Idomas. You find most of the people there speaking the three languages fluently and intermix very well. This whole crisis of identity wouldn't have surfaced in the first place if the not for some of the Igbos and their culture of segregation where others are regarded more Igbos than the others. The same people will say Enugu or Ebonyi is not pure Igbo but 'wawa', some Enugu will say Etteh is not pure Igbo but a mixture of two. If Etteh was long embrace and made to feel among by the Igbos, none of this cultural conflict would have surface. Those minority group wanting to joint Kogi are doing so because they felt they majority are more recognised and therefore benefit more by the Enugu gov't. Inspite of the upheaval, i believe the brotherliness and oneness of Etteh is beyond culture, language or tribe. PROUDLY ETTEH.
https://www.nairaland.com/1920606/10-houses-razed-scores-injured/6 [/b]

Here is a post from lordlexyy, an Etteh indigene.

Notice that he correctly ranked the ethnic composition of Ette as follows: 1, Idoma, 2 Igala, 3 Igbo.

Why exactly Igalas native to Kogi and non Igbos are tearing their pants over Ette is what I don't understand.

jayrule:
Igboid my brother!
You have done well.

But remember you once argued with a girl who claimed her father is Anioma, then later claim he is Benue. She kept tossing her family back and forth to make sure she ends up balkanizing Igbo land.

Someone here sounds alike.

Look closely at the motives used
You will notice that the same person exists here.

Chukwu gozie hi!

Nwanna dalu. I'm very much aware. Mana ima na oke adaa eri ife onye mu anya.

AkinPhysicist:
I am just observing joor...if I start now some of them will commit suicide...I don't wanna kill some1 on a Friday...TGIF

As I dey observe, na so I dey laugh. Can you imagine a community speaking 3 languages fluently (i.e. Igala, Idoma & Igbo) and one outsider is deciding for them that Igbo is their primary language??

I have seen many Naija kids in Lagos, whose parents are full-fledged Nigerians o, bearing names like James, John, Rebecca etc., and speaking English like a parrot. Majority of these children cannot even understand their native language. Well, does that make them English?? According to some people, these kids should be classified as pure Oyinbos, no shaking!

EMMAUGOH:
I have come to understand some people from Delta, Isoko, Urhobo...people from Kogi and Akwaibom share alot with the Igbo people>>THere is every tendency that 97% of them are igbo in maybe last 3 generations before now... Looking at them closely u call them igbo only for them to prove you wrong with their language.

I personally have been studying people now at my place of business, inshort whenever i come across people almost every day, i do ask them where they are from, but looking at the Igalas and URbobos and issokos, i tend to believe they are igbos until intentionally speaks igbo to them. it marvels that by facial identification they are 100% igbo but something just got wrong when it comes to language...

Alot happened after the Biafran war, alot, something tells me most of this confusion started when the NIgerian army terminated most of igbos from their ancestral ground thereby allowing close regions to claim this Lands.

Oga, abeg go back to school, o! How can you say 97% of some people from Delta, Isoko, Urhobo...people from Kogi etc., are Igbo?? This is blasphemy of the highest order!! In fact, it is heresy.

Who are the 'some people,' you are referring to? Why can't you be explicit? I don't know about Akwa Ibom, so I will not say anything about them.

Igboid:
https://www.nairaland.com/1920606/10-houses-razed-scores-injured/6 [/b]

Here is a post from lordlexyy, an Etteh indigene.

Notice that he correctly ranked the ethnic composition of Ette as follows: 1, Idoma, 2 Igala, 3 Igbo.

Why exactly Igalas native to Kogi and non Igbos are tearing their pants over Ette is what I don't understand.

Ok, now we get it! Lord Lexy is the SOLE authority on the origin of the Ette people - a community whose population runs into several hundreds of thousands. Even their traditional ruler knows nothing about the origin of his people. LWKMD!

sissoko22:
That's my point, ede and oye are spelled and pronounced differently. I don't know why that is hard for you to understand. Igala as a language has a lot of similarities with Idoma, itsekiri, and Yoruba(Iyaji) as they are popularly called in igalaland. The fact that most words in igala are almost the same with Yoruba, like counting of 123 or come and eat and so on speak volumes of tolerance and accommodation of the igala ethnic group. More so, in your previous comments, the upland Igala's doesn't share any ancestral lineage therefore, they shouldn't be any igbo's words in their language but the say market name Is the all over igalaland. In my conclusion, the mentioned market name is an igala name borrowed by the igbo speaking speaking people of Nigeria.

May you live long! But you have just spoilt the fun of those trying to annex Igala border communities into their proposed republic by force!

ianSweet:
U are not idoma and i dont think u have the right to speak on behalf of idomas.
Idomas and Igalas are brothers, the issue would be very well settled by Middlebelt elders when the need arises, just that people dont see this as a big issue now.
There are idoma speakers in Kogi as well as Igala speakers in Benue due to boundary misadjustments. The igbo migrants in Ette town are just hiding under Idoma umbrella to make it look like the town does not want to join Kogi.
Igalas and idomas are used to each other, we were together in old Benue state for decades b4 Kogi creation.

The traditional leaders and titles of Ette town are all Igalas and in Igala, that shows who actually owns the towns

You have just spoilt the market for all the land-grabbing IPODs that want to annex other towns into their enclave, by all means!!

sissoko22:
Logically correct

And so have you! You are a very interesting chap!

I Took time to read this page..

as am studying everyone here.......
@iansweet you are right

first of all....There is no igbo indigene in Kogi state ....whether the souther part of igala speaking area...ok..that is where i am from...the only problem is we from those area have been influenced a lot by our igbo brother.. and we share the same cultural from the way we behave..infact the southern igalas behave mostly like igbos...that does not make dem igbos ok

as for me no igbos in kogi state or in igala land as indigene....ok... they are igalas but majority of them speak igbo because it is the language they use for trading in onitsha where most igalans and idomas in benue axis...do use and they get influenced by it...

but i know there are igalas in some communities in northern anambra... and some idomas in enugu state....that does not make them igbos...

but all the way...we igalas and idomas share some historical facts with northern igbos....ok

Revolva:
I Took time to read this page..

as am studying everyone here.......
@iansweet you are right

first of all....There is no igbo indigene in Kogi state ....whether the souther part of igala speaking area...ok..that is where i am from...the only problem is we from those area have been influenced a lot by our igbo brother.. and we share the same cultural from the way we behave..infact the southern igalas behave mostly like igbos...that does not make dem igbos ok

as for me no igbos in kogi state or in igala land as indigene....ok... they are igalas but majority of them speak igbo because it is the language they use for trading in onitsha where most igalans and idomas in benue axis...do use and they get influenced by it...

but i know there are igalas in some communities in northern anambra... and some idomas in enugu state....that does not make them igbos...

but all the way...we igalas and idomas share some historical facts with northern igbos....ok

You are not serious.

But hey! It's a free world, your are free to believe whatever you want.

If there are no Igbos in Kogi, then there are no Igalas in Enugu and Anambra. The Igala speaking people there are Igbos who got influenced by Igalas.

Igboid:
Akoko Edos don't speak Yoruba, infact, it's the Akoko ondos that speak languages many Yorubas struggle to understand.
Nupe and Yorubas had many clashes in the past, who is to say how many Nupe people today are actually assimilated Yorubas? Was Oyo ile not ransacked by the Tsoede Nupe in the past? Nupe conquered parts of Yoruba territories which explains Yoruba influence in Nupe....

Akoko Edos do not speak Yoruba? Really?? Na who talk am? You reach dat side before?

scholes0:
The people of Akoko Edo are very fragmented, just like the peoples of Akoko proper. Almost every town have different languages and dialects, but speak Yoruba as a general language. And it is not for trading with Yoruba people but rather, trading and relating with themselves..
Between Isua Akoko (Ondo state) and Ogori Magongo (Kogi state) for example, you might come across up to 20 languages and dialects, how else are they supposed to communicate with one another.

Culturallly speaking the area is at the boundary where yoruba-Edo and Ebira meet, and the people themselves are a mixture of all three, with Yoruba ancestry being dominant.

TonySpike:

Ibillo is part of the greater Akokoland, although politically they are Akoko-Edos. Yoruba culture is predominant in this area and a dialect of Yoruba language is officially spoken in this area. So, it is logical to categorise them as part of the Yoruba commonwealth.

https://www.nairaland.com/2097102/brief-historical-origin-ibillo-community

laudate:

Ok, now we get it! Lord Lexy is the SOLE authority on the origin of the Ette people - a community whose population runs into several hundreds of thousands. Even their traditional ruler knows nothing about the origin of his people. LWKMD!

We get it. We should take the word of Igala king whose people are minorities in Ette, over those of Idomas and Igbos who are the dominant population.

We should also discard a vanguard report which seem to corroborate Lordlexyy's eye witness report, so that you and your fellow demonic Igbophobic bandwagoners can masturbate in peace, right ?

Igboid:
We get it. We should take the word of Igala king whose people are minorities in Ette, over those of Idomas and Igbos who are the dominant population.

We should also discard a vanguard report which seem to corroborate Lordlexyy's eye witness report, so that you are your fellow demonic Igbophobic bandwagoners can masturbate in peace, right ?

A Vanguard report which was cited by your partner as being his source to prove that Ette people were Igbo, and which was refuted almost immediately by a superior source from OmoIgala? According to you the opinion of LordLexy (who is only one youngster) out of several thousand people in that community, supercedes every other source in your view?

I don't want to call you a clown, but...

laudate:


A Vanguard report which was cited by your partner as being his source to prove that Ette people were Igbo, and which was refuted almost immediately by a superior source from OmoIgala? According to you the opinion of LordLexy (who is only one youngster) out of several thousand people in that community, supercedes every other source in your view?

I don't want to call you a clown, but...

How exactly is his Igalanized source more superior than a national news daily like Vanguard, corroborated by a son of the soil lordlexyy?

What were you expecting Igalas to say before? That they are third minorities in Ette with no right to drag the community to Kogi?

You are a comedian.

laudate:


Akoko Edos do not speak Yoruba? Really?? Na who talk am? You reach dat side before?



https://www.nairaland.com/2097102/brief-historical-origin-ibillo-community

Lol! Nairaland thread as evidence?

Nobody in Akoko Edo speaks Yoruba as a first language, they all speak Edoid languages.

Deal with it.

Igbide in Isokoland is said to have originated from Igboland( Awka/ Mgbidi) yet today they don't speak Igbo, they have fully assimilated as Isokos with no evidence of bilingualism, and so you don't see Ndiigbo claiming them.

Btw, what happened to your AkinEgba handle?

Igboid:
Lol! Nairaland thread as evidence?

Nobody in Akoko Edo speaks Yoruba as a first language, they all speak Edoid languages. Deal with it.

You lie! I never said they speak Yoruba as a first language, but that they speak Yoruba. Simple. I know now that you have not been there, neither have you resided anywhere in that community for any length of time. Your ignorance is comical. You were eager to cite Lordlexy's observations on the same Nairaland, in your bid to use it as an authentic source to buttress your claims about Ette. Now that same Nairaland is not a valid source in your own view, when it comes to making observations about the Akoko-Edo people.

Let me laugh very well at your naivety

Igboid:


You are not serious.

But hey! It's a free world, your are free to believe whatever you want.

If there are no Igbos in Kogi, them there are no Igalas in Enugu and Anambra. The Igala speaking people there are Igbos who got influenced by Igalas.

Lemme tell you....there are no igbos as indigene i beg oooo we r all igalas..but influenced at one point with igbos....so we adopted the igbos bearing of names while at birth....ok.....and we do intermarry igbos....

but originally we are not igbos....ok..that is where i am from.....i am full bloded igala...i dont care but people think am an igbo..when ever i mingle...ok...but i know somewhere i may have some igbo in me..but am igala

guy there are igalas in anambra. and also igalas in ebu osimili lga in delta state....also in esan south east ifeku island edo state ...speak igala..they have their origin from ibaji...which is not far from them... ...and idomas in enugu
this is due to maladjustment of boundaries...ooo and they have been settlers there for many hundred of years...ok..they are igalas...ok...but you saying igbos as indigene in igala land its a big lie

kogirodent:

Atta egbiti na gwe! Ukolo ha? Abo ugbo eche ta?

my igala brother has spoken.....agba me nago

Igboid:
Lol! Nairaland thread as evidence?

Nobody in Akoko Edo speaks Yoruba as a first language, they all speak Edoid languages.

Deal with it.

Igbide in Isokoland is said to have originated from Igboland( Awka/ Mgbidi) yet today they don't speak Igbo, they have fully assimilated as Isokos with no evidence of bilingualism, and so you don't see Ndiigbo claiming them.

Btw, what happened to your AkinEgba handle?

You modified your post and I responded to the first part. As for the second claim you are making here, it is obvious you are clutching at straws. I am not AkinEgba and there is nothing in my post that bears any similarity to him. Must you tell lies and stumble into the theatre of the absurd, in order to make a point?

Pazienza you are losing it, honestly. Isokos are not part of the Akoko-Edo people, so why are you digressing?

Revolva:
I Took time to read this page..

as am studying everyone here.......
@iansweet you are right

first of all....There is no igbo indigene in Kogi state ....whether the souther part of igala speaking area...ok..that is where i am from...the only problem is we from those area have been influenced a lot by our igbo brother.. and we share the same cultural from the way we behave..infact the southern igalas behave mostly like igbos...that does not make dem igbos ok

as for me no igbos in kogi state or in igala land as indigene....ok... they are igalas but majority of them speak igbo because it is the language they use for trading in onitsha where most igalans and idomas in benue axis...do use and they get influenced by it...

but i know there are igalas in some communities in northern anambra... and some idomas in enugu state....that does not make them igbos...

but all the way...we igalas and idomas share some historical facts with northern igbos....ok

Haba, you have just spoilt the market for those IPOB landgrabbers. Watch your back, because they will come at you with all kinds of twisted theories & bile, in order to brow beat you into submission. Let me stay in this corner with my popcorn & soft drink. The show is about to start...

laudate:


You lie! I never said they speak Yoruba as a first language, but that they speak Yoruba. Simple. I know now that you have not been there, neither have you resided anywhere in that community for any length of time. Your ignorance is comical. You were eager to cite Lordlexy's observations on the same Nairaland, in your bid to use it as an authentic source to buttress your claims about Ette. Now that same Nairaland is not a valid source in your own view, when it comes to making observations about the Akoko-Edo people.

Let me laugh very well at your naivety

Lordlexyy's eye witness account corroborates Independent witness account, ie Vanguard. That makes it substantial.

Lol! In that case,I speak Yoruba too, after all I know few Yoruba words in addition to my own Igbo language.

AkinEgba, you are not the brightest bulb in the Christmas tree now, are you?

Revolva:



Lemme tell you....there are no igbos as indigene i beg oooo we r all igalas..but influenced at one point with igbos....so we adopted the igbos bearing of names while at birth....ok.....and we do intermarry igbos....

but originally we are not igbos....ok..that is where i am from.....i am full bloded igala...i dont care but people think am an igbo..when ever i mingle...ok...but i know somewhere i may have some igbo in me..but am igala

guy there are igalas in anambra. and also igalas in ebu osimili lga in delta state....also in esan south east ifeku island edo state ...speak igala..they have their origin from ibaji...which is not far from them... ...and idomas in enugu
this is due to maladjustment of boundaries...ooo and they have been settlers there for many hundred of years...ok..they are igalas...ok...but you saying igbos as indigene in igala land its a big lie




my igala brother has spoken.....agba me nago

There are Igbos in Kogi, Edo and Benue.

They are not Igalas, Edos or Idomas. They were simply influenced by these groups, and they still retained their Igbo nature.

There are no Igalas in Anambra or Enugu. Those you call Igalas there are fast assimilating into Igbo language of their accommodating Igbo aboriginals.

Thank you.

laudate:


You modified your post and I responded to the first part. As for the second claim you are making here, it is obvious you are clutching at straws. I am not AkinEgba and there is nothing in my post that bears any similarity to him. Must you tell lies and stumble into the theatre of the absurd, in order to make a point?

Pazienza you are losing it, honestly. Isokos are not part of the Akoko-Edo people, so why are you digressing?

Were Ibillos and Yorubas part of this discussion initially? Why was it introduced by you lots?

You are AkinEgba. A shameless Afonja. You have been peeping at this thread since, unable to stay clear, you morphed into your laudate handle. You deceive no one. I had always known that you are an Afonja.

laudate:


Haba, you have just spoilt the market for those IPOB landgrabbers. Watch your back, because they will come at you with all kinds of twisted theories & bile, in order to brow beat you into submission. Let me stay in this corner with my popcorn & soft drink. The show is about to start...

Lol! Grasping at straws.
Revolva is an Igala from Edo? What were you expecting? For him to support the Idoma/Igbo faction in Ette, or to accept that there are indigenous Igbo towns in Kogi and no Indigenous Igala town in Enugu or Anambra?

Are you this dull, AkinEgba.

Igboid:
Lordlexyy's eye witness account corroborates Independent witness account, ie Vanguard. That makes it substantial.

Lol! In that case,I speak Yoruba too, after all I know few Yoruba words in addition to my own Igbo language.

AkinEgba, you are not the brightest bulb in the Christmas tree now, are you?

Wake up from your slumber, Pazienza. If you feel better swallowing a lie in order to feel good about yourself, well, how can I stop you?

OmoIgala, Iansweet, Revolva etc, have all given eye-witness accounts of their communities. Especially OmoIgala who responded by giving facts about Ette community, as well as citing a respected online source to show the demographics of the Ette people. You have chosen to discard all these responses, because you want to believe just one person LordLexxy, and a small paragraph in one little report by a small journalist somewhere.

Igboid:
Were Ibillos and Yorubas part of this discussion initially? Why was it introduced by you lots?

You are AkinEgba. A shameless Afonja. You have been peeping at this thread since, unable to stay clear, you morphed into your laudate handle. You deceive no one. I had always known that you are an Afonja.

Eeyah! You really need help to get rid of your delusion. What does AkinEgba have in common with Laudate? Or is this a joke?

Well, if you want to continue to wallow in denial and deceit, who am I to say no? Afterall in your bid to propagate falsehood, you have decided to impose the identity of someone else on me. For the first & last time, I am not AkinEgba. Provide proof to show that Laudate is AkinEgba, and stop trying to score cheap points using lies.

Igboid:
Were Ibillos and Yorubas part of this discussion initially? Why was it introduced by you lots?

You are AkinEgba. A shameless Afonja. You have been peeping at this thread since, unable to stay clear, you morphed into your laudate handle. You deceive no one. I had always known that you are an Afonja.

You see, your vision has been clouded. And that happens to folks like you who wallow in deceit and hate. You were the first to state categorically that the Akoko-Edos do not speak Yoruba. I cited posts from another thread, made by two respondents, to show that the Akoko-Edo folks actually speak Yoruba. You came back to claim that I said it was their first language. Now, that was a lie you invented from God knows where. I refuted it accordingly.

The Ibillo angle came in as part of the post quoted from another thread. The Ibillo people are part of the Akoko-Edo community which was being discussed earlier. Now do you get it, or are you still having problems comprehending the trend of thought?

As for your obsession with AkinEgba, it does suggest that you have something intimate going on with the guy. I am NOT AkinEgba, so quit stalking me. There is a word for men like you, who get obsessed with other men.

You keep chanting Afonja like a toddler just learning how to talk. Well, I am not from the South-West so that name means nothing to me. Last time you called someone an Afonja, I believe he responded by calling you an Osu. I guess that word describes you to a Tee.

laudate:


Wake up from your slumber, Pazienza. If you feel better swallowing a lie in order to feel good about yourself, well, how can I stop you?

OmoIgala, Iansweet, Revolva etc, have all given eye-witness accounts of their communities. Especially OmoIgala who responded by giving facts about Ette community, as well as citing a respected online source to show the demographics of the Ette people. You have chosen to discard all these responses, because you want to believe just one person LordLexxy, and a small paragraph in one little report by a small journalist somewhere.



Eeyah! You really need help to get rid of your delusion. What does AkinEgba have in common with Laudate? Or is this a joke?

Well, if you want to continue to wallow in denial and deceit, who am I to say no? Afterall in your bid to propagate falsehood, you have decided to impose the identity of someone else on me. For the first & last time, I am not AkinEgba. Provide proof to show that Laudate is AkinEgba, and stop trying to score cheap points using lies.

Neither OmoIgala, Revolva, Iandsweet are from Nsukka area, let alone from Ette. As a matter of fact, I know more about Nsukka area than those three entities who are from Kogi( OmoIgala and Iansweet) and Edo( Revolva) , hardly can their biased and blind accounts, seeing how far they are from Ette be seen as informed account to be considered substantial.

Vanguard is not a small news outlet. It's story must carry more weight in this matter than those of Igala aggressors and their kings, who obviously can't be expected to say the truth, seeing that they have vested interests in the matter.

Sorry that your little Yoruba ass got busted, AkinEgba. You really messed up showing up with that handle here and then coming back to show with your chameleon laudate handle. I always knew you were an Afonja, despite all your poor sorry efforts at appearing ambiguous. Only an Afonja can be following Igbo and Igbo related news the way you do. I'd suggest you get a new handle to continue your treachery.

laudate:


You see, your vision has been clouded. And that happens to folks like you who wallow in deceit and hate. You were the first to state categorically that the Akoko-Edos do not speak Yoruba. I cited posts from another thread, made by two respondents, to show that the Akoko-Edo folks actually speak Yoruba. You came back to claim that I said it was their first language. Now, that was a lie you invented from God knows where. I refuted it accordingly.

The Ibillo angle came in as part of the post quoted from another thread. The Ibillo people are part of the Akoko-Edo community which was being discussed earlier. Now do you get it, or are you still having problems comprehending the trend of thought?

As for your obsession with AkinEgba, it does suggest that you have something intimate going on with the guy. I am NOT AkinEgba, so quit stalking me. There is a word for men like you, who get obsessed with other men.

You keep chanting Afonja like a toddler just learning how to talk. Well, I am not from the South-West so that name means nothing to me. Last time you called someone an Afonja, I believe he responded by calling you an Osu. I guess that word describes you to a Tee.

Akin Egba. Why are you weeping over your bursting? You should take it as a man, afterall, I understand why you tried very hard to deny your Afonja roots, under your laudate handle.
Shi.t happens bro, accept it in good faith. And don't go logging into your AkinEgba handle to come and dance here, you will only make more mockery of yourself.

This ethno-historical survey of the northern Nsukka borderland examines particularly one method of African colonial control. When, in the late eighteenth century, the Igala conquered the indigenous Igbo, they gained and held social control through monopoly of certain religious positions. However, despite conscious effort to maintain Igala religious lineages, these gradually became Igbonized. In delineating this religious-social control, Professor Shelton describes extensively border conditions and the nature of Igbo life in the Nsukka area. He dwells particularly on the Igbo religious framework which includes well-disposed, beneficent spirits and more capricious and potentially more hostile outside spirits called alusi. The invading Igala installed their own men as priests, or attama, to the dangerous alusi, thereby becoming the sole mediators between these spirits and the Igbo. Since the attama also controlled most divination, which is employed to explain any unclear or mysterious phenomenon, there was no essential social activity the Igala attama could not influence.

Professor Shelton shows how the Igbo attempted to circumvent the alusi worship by emphasizing various aspects of familial worship (of the ancestors, the High God, Earth), but how this attempt failed because these essentially friendly beings did not require propitiation while it was demanded by the alusi. On the other hand, although the Igala attempted to keep the attama lineages Igala, these families gradually formed so many connections with Igbo families that they eventually Igbonized even though they retained a nominal Igala identification.

Professor Shelton's description of religious activity in the borderland is clear and original. He makes extensive use of material gathered in the field, particularly oral transmissions, and pays marked attention to linguistic clues for information. In extended descriptions of religious ceremonies, Professor Shelton provides evidence that the social control maneuvers of both the Igala and the Igbo are revealed in the content of their prayers.

An appendix gives important material concerning the origin of these borderland people and a glossary of Igbo terms provides diacritical marks to aid pronunciation of these words which have little standard orthography. The work is also supplemented with maps, charts, and photographs.

Austin J. Shelton is Professor of African Studies at State University College, New Paltz. He was awarded his bachelor's degree and his doctorate by St. Louis University, where he began his teaching career. He was later a Professor and Assistant Dean at Mercy College, Detroit. As senior lecturer at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, from 1961-64, Professor Shelton was able to make a detailed ethnographical study of the northern Nsukka borderland area, a study which included the Igbo, Igala, and Okpoto peoples and languages.

Professor Shelton is the author of The African Assertion: A Critical Anthology of Modern African Literature.
http://www.sunypress.edu/p-389-the-igbo-igala-borderland.aspx


Another resourceful document, telling us how Igalas invaded and tried albeit unsuccessfully to assimilate indigenous Igbo speaking tribes on their ancestral lands.
But today, Igbos must be seen as big bad ass that influenced small Igala, when in truth, Igalas were the aggressor, the invaders, and all towns that are bilingual in Northern Enugu, Anambra and Southern Kogi today, were probably Indigenous Igbos who got invaded and nearly assimilated by Igalas who imposed their authorities on those lands, established monarchies and 're wrote oral traditions to reflect an Igala one.

Ndi ara. Ana emenu!

Igboid:
Akin Egba. Why are you weeping over your bursting? You should take it as a man, afterall, I understand why you tried very hard to deny your Afonja roots, under your laudate handle.
Shi.t happens bro, accept it in good faith. And don't go logging into your AkinEgba handle to come and dance here, you will only make more mockery of yourself.

Nah... the whole world can now see that you the the one making a mockery of yourself. You have run out of sound facts to add to the discussion at hand, and you have now chosen to take refuge in deceit and falsehood, by trying to pin someone else's identity on me. Sorry, you failed. It just isn't working.

There is no need to throw a childish tantrum by calling me names, or claiming that Laudate is AkinEgba. But then, your IQ isn't well developed to be able to distinguish the difference.

Sorry, I can't help you with your obsession with this so-called AkinEgba. Continue calling his name because you are his desperate lover.

Goodnight.