₦airaland Forum

Chinkoalhaji34:
Na wah o! Core Nigeria team wey go sabi wetin dem dey do na im we need. Gbajabiamila and co no fit carry the weight.

But no be like Peter Obi wey just dey talk anyhow without any concrete plan. If na him, na just empty noise we go dey hear. Let’s focus on real leaders wey go build the nation, not the ones wey just dey form noise makers. Simple!

okay na, the one that can build real nation is in, how market na? What has he done ? E go clear for una eyes by next year when dollar will be trading at 2500 per dollar
I have calmly studied Tinubu, he has done nothing. Whatever u guys think that he did in Lagos was because of how Nigeria is structured. Nigeria was designed that benefited lagos. If u care to know, I can lecture u on how the rest of Nigeria fund Lagos state. I mean, every single Nigerian from east to noth fund lagos state.
If u care, I will educate u. Now he has met real challenge, how market? He seems clueless.
It is stupidity to judge Peter Obi when he is not the one ruling Nigeria. It means u are obsessed with him. Focus on who is ruling Nigeria. He has failed and has no sign of rising. Came in and continued Nepotism and look at where it brought him.
By next year, dollar go reach 2500, una eyes go clear with the level of hunger that will hit Nigeria. This guy called Tinubu has no blue print. I have never seen him talk about any blue print or idea. I mean baba has no blue print. Him just want to be president

DevilsEqual:
So he bribed them to put them on that position right?

Internally, RMB doesnt have analytical metric and iindices to measure who should be where abi?


The way u people think is always baffling

Seems that obidient group is just full of drop-outs .

U all are always thinking like u were paid not to know much

9th position is useless for so called Giant of Africa in a continent known for poor rating, it is terrible.

Medipharm:
Wise decision....We expected this decision earlier but better late than never. If possible sef the family should relocate to another country.
South Africans are evil, never seen a worse African country eviler than them. Their envy and hatred against fellow Africanz knows no bounds.

What makes them evil? Cant u see that the mother obtained her citizenship through back door? They have done the right thing. There are so many non South africans in SA occupying high positions. They questioned this one seems someone somewhere knew the dirty thing the mom did in the past and came for her.
In life, always keep ur track clean. It can come calling anytime.
Go and check how many foriegners have become full citizens in SA and occupied good positions and treated well as long as u follow the due porcesses

ebenholer2:
reducing aids does not make someone an effective nor efficient leader...what makes you effective or efficient is your efficiency or effectiveness, and that cannot be tagged to numbers of aids. That is it

That is waseful, having lots of Aids has been one of our biggest issues in Nigeria and time and resources would be wasted on very unproductive stuff.

Sometimes, Nigerians should just learn to be honourable. Like since U made a mistake by appointing 50 Aids, just be good and honourable enough to reduce it by half and apologize. Sometimes that makes U a more efficient leader.
What U just said now to defend her, does it make sense to U? No lie, if U were watching from outside and someone used this to defend the appointment of 50 Aids, won't U be mad at the person ?
Also, the journalists who always sit down to listen to these rubbish that people in elected positions say, why can't they just challenge something when it makes no sense.
I mean, I can't allow U land finish before I throw U more questions if U gave me this as a response to defend rubbish.
Departments have Excos and presidents. They already represent their departments enough. I don't know what U are doing with 50 Aids.
U are just following the foot step of Ur politicians.
I always tell people that the black man is his own worse enemy.
The black man is just a problem to him self and his generation and the world at large.
Imagine what this one will do if she before a governor or a senator.

DevilsEqual:

I wouldnt blame the dead and neither am i blaming anyone for protesting against the Govt, but these are things we were sure would happen even before the protest began


U know your country, U know how easily people would forget u even if u have die a hero. Its happened before and we saw how everyone moved on like nothing happened, why risk things this way

I dont care how things are being done in saner climes, as far as we are still here in Nigeria, safeguard your head cause you might be the sole loser in the end

Sowore, Adegboruwa and Falana will surely eat tonight. The world wont stop for the dead

The countries U enjoy running to, some people died for it and are forgotten today.
The average black man is selfish. We are going to die las las. It doesn't matter how long it gets delayed but we shall all die.
People have died sitting inside their shops.
Nigeria can not continue like this. This country is rich. Only few elites enjoy it.
The reason the whites rule the world is because they care less about life and they don't fear death.
They take all the risks, they enter forests and deep down the sea and die.
Some billionaires died while being the first to explore the deep sea.
We have forgotten about them, right ?
But their experience will make the deep sea tourism better. In few years to come, when whites would be making huge millions from that venture, we would be amazed.
That is because some people took the risk to be the first set of people to use it which ended their lives.
So, we should accept and leave our politicians to continue to milk us? I mean an avergae Nigeria is already dead.
I mean, a lot of us dont travel any more becus of kidnappers.
On a daily Nigerians are kidnapped on the road, raped and slaughtered . So this boy dying is same thing as what average Nigerians go thru every day.
A lot of the people protesting are dead living beings.
Most of us are already dead. No be life Nigerians dey live.
Go to hospital and see people dying because of lack of electricity, that is when U will cry more for Nigeria.

LegendHero:
lol

We’ve always heard from Ibo people that they want another country. Shouldn’t they be happy that someone is helping them fulfil their ambition by telling them to leave the SW?

Only Lagospedia spoke and south east leader had to go beg Atiku to help them beg the SW governor. Their senators, ohaneze, and now house of rep leaders are panicking and running about in fear.

What did they do when Ibo told Fulani to go the other time? Did they condemned it?

To tell U how f&olish U are, the image U uploaded said 'fulanis with Ak47'. Yes, they are killing people. They didn't say all fulanis should leave.
And yes, Igbos will gladly leave as long as U accept the country to be separated. U can't be enjoying unitary federalism with monopoly of sea port and ask Igbos to leave.
If U want Igbos to leave, then grant them the right to legally so they can take back their lands and resources controlled by federal govt.
The gas of Igbo land is what Nigeria relies on for electricity if U don't know. It is enough to power that region into super rich region on earth.
Nigeria has failed and has not solved a single problem for over 60 years.
It is so dirty and backward that if U need health emergency, U will die straight because U aren't getting any in this country.

Salewa97:
Nigerians are known for their resilience. Protests are part of democracy, but let's not forget Tinubu's efforts to address these issues. The president is aware of the struggles and is working on long-term solutions. It's a journey, and with time, we will see improvements. We must support the process!

Let him join us on the journey.
He should also apologise to us for telling us that he would continue where Buhari stopped.
He should also probe buhari if truly he messed up the country.
He should slash his allowances and pay by over 50 percent..he should stop approving purchase of cars for national assembly, he should stop buying cars for him self up and down.
He should fix the herds men crises.
We need visible reforms that touch the foundation of Nigeria.
We need state police, decentralize Nigeria so that states and regions can be more viable.
Anything aside from these thing, na another story like Buhari until he finishes another 8 years and achieve nothing like Buhari

Zico5:
To be sincere, south Africa is not a place to be. I wonder what sane Nigerians are doing there. Nigeria is even better.

Hahahaha, Nigeria is better than SA?
Pls in what way?
Is it in health care ? Some of our best doctors are there and well paid.
Is it in education? They have some of the best uni in Africa and few globally competitive universities.
Some of our people are top class lecturers there. I haven't seen SA citizens as lecturers here.
Is it in local football league ? Basket ball league, bike sport, baseball, swimming, sports in general, SA has some of the finest local leagues for their sports where U and Ur gf and friends can go and chill on weekends and not roaming the streets of malls like we do here because we don't have sporting facilities to spend our weekend on
Is it in terms of manufacturing? They have some of the best companies manufacturing finished products to Europe and America.
Is it in roads? Tourism? Tourism alone is huge there as many foreigners holiday in cape town.
Some of my American friends spend weeks in SA every year, holidaying.
Abeg, SA senior naija o.

Codepain:
Nobody is blackmailing the North.
North is free to protest even the Ndigbo as long as Hausa is protesting in Hausaland Igbo in Igboland and Yoruba in Yoruba land

But when it is time for tax, do U say, Igbos pay Ur tax in Igbo land and Hausa pay Ur tax in Hausa land?
Do U say, Igbos manage Ur own resources in Igbo land and yorubas manage Ur own resources in Yoruba land ?
U are a joker.
U all will share on the oil and gas that come from the east and south and tell people to protest in their regions.
Never, if U want people to protest in their regions, then it is best we divide the country or regions manage their resources and tax only in their regions.
When I see someone make this type of Ur comment, I know how myopic, naive and extremely f&olish such a person is.

Chinkoalhaji34:
Why are we always quick to point fingers?

Obasanjo should remember that the issues with fuel subsidy didn't start today. Tinubu is trying to navigate through a maze of challenges left behind by previous administrations.

Instead of casting blame, let’s support the efforts to find a sustainable solution. We need to look at the bigger picture and give room for progress, no matter how slow it may seem.

What’s important is that we keep pushing for better policies and hold the government accountable, not just criticize from the sidelines.

Why did Tinubu protest when GEJ wanted to navigate too? So, why are U guys mad that people are also doing to Tinubu what he did to others ?
He will never find it easy, people will do to him exactly what him and his team did to GEJ. If fuel subsidy was removed then, we have gone past it now as the world was relatively stable then.

Saao:
Russia maybe strong but can't withstand US and her Ally in terms of military gadgets.

I am tired of reading all these stuff.
U think war is movie?
Bro, US has not entered Russia because US knows that Russia has capabilities to hit any US cities. Yes, that alone is the deal breaker.
So, both the US and Russia have what we call mutual destructions which put both the US and Russia in terrible state of war if both confront's each other.
The Russia has commited crimes that normally, if they were weak, the US would have invaded. The US will not try it.
Not even any of her allies will try it.
They fear Russia as much as Russia fear US.
Everyone struggles in war. US has struggled in wars too even against weak opponents.
Israel is still struggling with a rag tag militial. Everyone will struggle but the damages are what matters. While Russia has struggled in Ukraine, it has caused untold damages to Ukrain that it would take Ukraine 50 year plus to recover and meet up with the rest of Europe. Let not forget that Russia is fighting war while under heavy economic sanctions designed to cripple her to the floor and the US provide Ukraine intelligence.
In the game of war, intelligence gathering is 70 percent of what u need. Even with all these Russia still occupied over 20 percent of Ukrainean lands, sea ports and causing massive damages.
While Israel with no single economic or military sanctions, with massive support in military weapons and intelligence, still has not won the war they started. So, open ur mind and see the reality, war is not same as movies.

Savenigeria2023:
The day Nigerians understand that the so-called leaders will rather watch them die of hunger and starvation than reduce their looting….. same day Nigerians will stand up and take back their country.

Afterall, All die na die

They are mean, greedy and without souls. They only care about themselves, their families and their pockets… and they will only respond if you attack any of these three.

Fact. Except they are touched by the protest, they won't respond.

Salewa97:
Tinubu is not the cause of hardship; he's just the man at the helm during a complex time. The issues of unemployment and rising prices didn't start with him. Let’s be honest, every administration faces its challenges. Instead of begging for deliverance, we should focus on constructive dialogue and hold leaders accountable while supporting initiatives that uplift the people. Change requires collective effort, not just protests!

But he is paid heavily to fix them or leadership is all about coming to enjoy the tax payers money?
Have U sat down to check out the enjoyment this man will enjoy for the rest of his life ? He is paid to fix the problems.
If U hire me to fix a problem, U can't take it from me if I make the problems worse and keep telling U that I didn't create the problems in the first place.

Tinubu should be bold enough to address the root cause by ending the current unitary system of govt that we run. Decentralize it.
Once the farmers can farm peacefully without their farm lands destroyed, food prices will crash.
He can't just sit down there and be enjoying like a king

FreeStuffsNG:
He will face the full wrath of the law. Shikena.

DSS na your mate? Smh.

Even Russia has dissociated itself from anything about Nigeria's fuel subsidy removal etc.

This is why it's important to understand that this protest was largely organised and funded by unpatriotic elements, anti-state actors and those still embittered at their defeat and defeat of the mediocre candidates they supported during last year's Presidential election won by President Bola Tinubu as the democratic choice of patriotic Nigerians.

All the enemies of Nigeria will lose las las. They always lose. God bless Nigeria for ever!
Check my signature for free stuffs!

The protest was fueled by the hunger in the land. U dey waste of Ur time. In an Asian country, after all the gra gra, their prime minister don run from backyard.
The most dangerous protests ever is the one fueled by hunger. The people are hungry and queue to buy fuel which is also expensive.
Fuel cost, come scarce. People dey vex.
Ur leaders get free fuel to their homes and offices. They get it for free and easy. We queue to buy fuel that is expensive with terrible electricity supply.
U can't remove fuel subsidy and not fix electricity at the same time.
U can't have poor security that is chasing farmers away from their farmlands which have affected prices of food items and still remove fuel subsidy. U have no single plan or strategy. U just rush do something. Baba Nigerian dey para.
The soldiers they brought to secure one mall for here, I was with them when I drove to get stuff, they are also angry. Politicians don't know whatup.
U can only intimidate people but not forever.
Politicians should thank their god that Nigeria is divided along ethnic groups. That is only what is saving them. But the generation that uses that to drink water is passing away. Someday as it happened in Asia, the people will rise and fight back. Someday. That day will surely come. Ur propaganda will not sell forever.

TimeManager:
We knew from the begining that the protest was tainted with a political agenda sponsored by election losers. All of you will continue to lose.

God bless President Bola Ahmed Tinubu

God bless Nigeria.

-Kiss the truth!

Baba, people are hungry o. Na so Bangladesh prime minister talk until she don run leave her country😂
Same way they talked in Tunisia
When people are hungry, they are angry plus uneducated hungry man is a threat

MadamVanessa:


This is to tell you that if the people unite they can break the unbreakable and truly truly the power belongs to the people.

Brain dead agbadorians now will be "oh , she's a woman that's why she ran to India" forgetting that this woman is far more stronger, well experienced than the self acclaimed accountant of iragbiji, but she still succumbed. Make Tinubu de play.

Meanwhile, the fake self acclaimed accountant who developed and built Lagos right now

I tell them here that Nigerians never ready. All those pro govt people that come here and talk rubbish. If the people hunger persist for long, they should be ready. People who are down aren't scared of falling, they rather burn down everything make everyone go down.
The pro govt people better tell their masters. Fix Nigeria o, one day na one day. This lady never saw it coming.
Some of the most brutal forces in north Africa were chased away by their citizens. If the citizens determine, no amount of bullet will chase them away.
How many U want to kill? U will run or everything burn down

Chinkoalhaji34:
Is it not funny how some people thrive on predicting doom and gloom?

Four years of hardship? Na so dem go dey talk because dem no fit see beyond their noses.

Meanwhile, Peter Obi is still searching for solutions in his endless rants.

Instead of focusing on the progress being made, they prefer to wallow in negativity.

How about we give Tinubu a chance to prove the naysayers wrong?

Or are they just scared that he will succeed and put their empty promises to shame?

So, u mean that those countries that come hard on their leaders are mad abi? We should just sit down and give Tinubu a chance to do whatever he likes just as Buhari did and wasted our 8 years?
Like them swear for black people sey make them no get sense?
Ordinary retirement policy that was made in France, the citizens went gaga and caused wahala for the leaders.
U people here jst want ur leaders to do as they wish and keep giving them chance?

So, only the masses are designed to suffer abi? What are the political classes doing to also suffer? Are they buying fuel or fuel is given to them for free?
They are busy budgeting huge amount of money on cars and residential places and huge money on feeding and buying cars for their wives and gf and u asked the masses to bear ? Omo, them swear for black people. No wonder every other race defeated them and made them slaves till date.

Salewa97:
Baba Tinubu, you dey talk true!

Removing fuel subsidy is a bold step towards fixing our economy for the future. Those temporary fixes have only held us back for too long. We need a leader who can make tough choices for the betterment of Nigeria. Let the protesters shout; true progress always comes with discomfort. We stand with you, Mr. President!

What discomfort is he taking or the discomfort is meant for the masses alone? Politicians get free fuel. I have to buy expensive fuel. They get free fuel out of the numerous free goodies that they get along with their families.
E go clear for Una eyes soon

[quote author=Nvestor02 post=131317491][/b]
If Tunibu decides to remove the subsidy, it would make him seem like the most incompetent president ever. But I know how brave Tunibu is, and I believe no amount of criticism will stop him from pushing Nigeria forward. Thanks.

Removing the subsidy is their main demand because the people behind this protest are the ones benefiting from it, and they want it back to drain Nigeria even more.

This decision is the right move to improve Nigeria. We've already seen how he increased the allocation by 41%. I can't understand what these people are thinking when they say Timangu is on the wrong path.

To make Nigeria better, everyone needs to make sacrifices. What you eat is your responsibility than the government's. Let that really sink in.
[/quote


The political class must make sacrifices too. They have to cut down all their expenses too and stop purchasing luxury cars and using tax payers money to fund their health care abroad. Enough is enough.
The masses alone can't be the ones to make sacrifices.
Govt is given free fuel but I pay for fuel. Who is fooling who? Who is making sacrifices?

Angelfrost:
Obi won't smell that office, not because he is a fraud, but simply because he is not as popular as the charlatans queued up to lead the nation.

If being a fraud disqualified one from leading a nation, Apc would never have gone anywhere near that Aso Rock.


Let's learn to comment with less emotion and more intelligence.

U want an average black man to comment with sense and less emotion? Hahahaaha, it is not possible bra. That is why every race defeated the black race. Sentiment rules here bro.

EyeCumInPiss:
Tinubu should just open his mouth and say "Subsidy is Gone Back" and the protests will end.
Nigeria is rich enough to subsidise fuel at ₦200 per litre.

Then slash into half all salaries and allowances of Senators, House of Reps, Govs, and all top Govt officials and cut down on Govt wastages.
Then scrap either Senate or House of Rep.
Then scrap all those many unproductive Govt agencies.
Then scrap all those many useless SA's and PA's.
...

Exactly!
Then admend our constitution to enable states to become more productive by harness whatever resources found in their states. The current system will always encourage states to born children anyhow becus las las, they will get free money. Some states do nothing in 12 months but still get free allocations.

TopBanter:
You're a fool and an evil thug. When peaceful protest is sanctioned why are people like you here supporting a breakdown of law and order that could be very costly for Nigeria and Nigerians?

People like you are just miserable sadists and cultists with wretched lives you are frustrated with and thus want others to be similarly distressed.

If not STFU, protest peacefully and present your demands. That is what genuine protestors should do. Most decent Nigerians just want an improvement on what they are going through currently which is acceptable and understandable.

Yet some of you are evil, bitter and extremely hateful. If you wish to disturb the peace and cause chaos, to do Chinasa Michael-style madness, you will be dealt with.

U go just dey drag Igbo people until people wey really dey protest cause wahala. The recent protest in France should tell u a thing.
Multitide of hunger is dangerous. CNN just did a documentary on the looming danger.
Look at the picture of the environemnt of an oil producing country.
All u would see is poverty!
Nigeria is playing with fire. U have massive population yet with terrible state of the country.
With hunger and high level of population, there would be serious problem now or in the future.
The causes are known but each president has not been able to fix them. U dey here dey run mouth. Make water pass carry.
Baba let me burst ur brain, if the people fight back, even govt can not win. lol
Go and ask them in Arab during the Arab spring. Presidents as harden and dangerous they were ran away from the backyard of their houses. U cant curtail millions of hungry people even with all ur military, u go kee tire.

We just pray that the hunger crises is fixed urgently, else, politicians go japa leave uan for here to deal with una selves. U think this is Igbo vs yoruba matter? Baba, hunger dey naija o with massive population.
E go do una live movie!

Protest all over the world rarely end peacefully. E dey always end in fight! That is becus the masses dey vex.

Solutions are there:
decentralize Nigeria and allow regions or states manage their resources and security so that states can enact anti open grazing bills and enforce them with their own police. This way, states that want to farm can go back to farm lands and farm.
The insecurity majorly led to this food crises.
But no, nigerian politicians wont do it until situation gets out of control. U dey look for Igbo person to blame.
Protest rarely end peacefully becus govt does not understand peace. Check out protests around the world.
The best is to prevent protest by doing the right things.
Nigeria unfortunately for decades have refused to do the right things. The enemies of Nigeria are politicans who know for sure that our constutition is faulty but have refused to fix it, rather, they are busy buy expensive rides and building expenive houses up and down.

Cajal:
Oyo wey 23rd of the land mass na arable land
Dey protest hunger

Fulani herdsmen are killing them in farm lands.
They are protesting so that federal govt will do the needful, restructure the country so that states can control their borders and security 100%
This way, they can enact anti open grazing law and enforce it.
The people can go into farming and feed them selves.
U want people to farm when their investments can be destroyed and killed?

helinues:
Are South East people protesting in their region?

Do south easterners pay tax alone in their regions?

People protest where they reside and pay tax. That is how a sane human should reason.
I cant be paying tax in state A and protest in state B

Will u tell a person from Florida who lives in New York not to protest in New York but go to Florida?
The way Nigerians reason is the reason they simply cant make et in life as a country

commoditiesnig:
Good one from Lagos Ndi Igbo


Lol.. Na kids and cowards dey social media, bro. Online warriors! 😂

Most aren't even based in the country. They simply want it to burn, but God Almighty has frustrated their evil wishes.

So, how do we handle politicians who have not provided us water, we have to dig bore hole, who have not given us electricity, we have to buy solar or gen, fuel is super expensive and scarce.
How do we handle the fact that our doctors are running away and our hospitals are almost dead? My younger sis was in labour, we went to govt hospital here, they were on strike, gush! We rushed to private. Now, what if we didnt have money for private? She would jhave been in danger. Millions dont have such money in Nigeria!
How do we fix that?
How do we fix the fact that our educational system is wack and our politicians dont use them. They send their kids abroad. They rub it on our faces. How do we fix that?
How do we fix the type of electoral system that we have that is always easily manipulated?
How do we come to terms that our farmers are killed and raped on a regular in their farmlands by herdsmen? How do we fix that people cant invest in agriculture due to fear of herdsmen destroying their farmlands and killing them?
How do we fix that our roads are death trap that people are kidnapped on a regular and parts missing or killed at will?
How do we fix that our roads are so terrible?
How do we come to terms with these things since our politicians live so large, feed so well, have expensive properties around the world and their kids live luxurious life styles across the world?
Pls, I really need how u want these fixed ? Nigerians are among the most peaceful people on earth who rarely protest againt anything!
The things that Nigerians bear, many citizens in other countries cant bear them!
So, for them to trying protesting now shows that they have seen enough!
How can these issues be fixed because Nigerians have talked and talked and talked and talked and preached and begged for decades, no solution.

People wey hunter dey kee

One police who grow up with me in the barracks, always begging for money each time he sees me drive by.
How they listen to the politicians like robots beats my imagination.
Protesters are doing what U should do. Get sense

Lanretoye:
if you are not a Nigerian because you have traveled abroad and you wish Nigerians to die of hunger,the death will start from your family by the grace of Almighty God and so be it as you have wished for millions of Nigerians.may the prayers of milllions of Nigeria erode your evil wish upon them and bring hunger,starvation,poverty and death upon you and your family.Amen

This shows how timid and naive you are. People have rights to protest because they are tired of begging. Bro, do u know how hard it is for many families now?
I am tired of gifting people money. A married lady that I know, her kids have been out of school becus of no money, to eat na problem.
Families are dying bro. Stop this rubbish blackmail.

DevilsEqual:
He is still going out to protest, if he's not careful, i hope he doesnt lose both

Sometimes, most of u view world from a small two-sides geometric prism

U think this kinda movement is worth losing everything for? Nigerians will move on by Aug 11, some would have successfully cashed out by then and he'll be lonely in his room feeling worthless

The day u understand Life is a game of hit or get hit,that day...

So, Nigeria should never be fixed? Like, Nigerians should continue to die of hunger, no electricity, terrible roads, terrible health care system?
So, u think the whites countries we run to and snap pictures came without series of protests?
No wonder the black race is the most backward race on earth. Cowards!

Many Africans born in Europe by African parents are representing these countries and winning awards in these countries.
SA, learn to embrace talent.
She met ur law condition if she was born there and at least one of her parents is a South African or holds permanent residence VISA.

LordIsaac:
He is not completely wrong. We do not have a quality population!

This is why someone like me support regionalism and for regions and states to control their resources. This way, people wont care about population which the north use to claim the center.
Nigeria's issue is very easy to fix. Just make the center weak and unattractive. Everyone will reset their brain and born wetin them fit care for

Lifestone:
Anything we can do to free ourselves from these Leaders who call themselves Politicians. But rioting and inflicting pains to private individuals who owns businesses is the downside of our experiences here in Nigeria

It is usually the politicians who do that bro. They usually do this by sending thugs into the protest.
Some of u dont know how bloody and wicked and heartless ur leaders are.
Ur leaders in Nigeria are worse than Satan. Unfortunately, issues like this are hardly fixed easily or peacefully judging from human histories.