₦airaland Forum

Ruke1989:
you are very very dumb, irrational, emotional person. Get some education here and stop being sentimental. Govt must take initiative, private sector only comes in when the right atmosphere is provided by govt. Besides, your sick head didn't know about NLNG in Nigeria - an efficiently run company, built by Public Private Partnership between Obasanjo govt and the private sector companies. The company is 100% run by the private sector. All heads are not sick like yours. If private companies don't mine your minerals after 60 years of independence and after 60 years of begging foreign investors with no result to show, then you take the initiative. You are an irresponsible person in real life that's why you are fighting hard to prove your political candidate is absolved of responsibility. Capitalism doesn't mean govt owns no company. In the US and UK govt still own manufacturing companies through public private partnership deals. They buy shares from private companies and find ways to prevent liquidation of ailing private companies. One of such way is tax exemption. Do you think you are talking to someone in your village that will be nodding his head to your distorted reasoning. You need some brain upgrade - your present brain is all emotional no sense, no reasoning ability

Lazy man. Can't you use paragraphs in your writing, or you expect the government to do that for you as well?

Why don't you shut your nasty trap and wait for the outcome of the Nigerian government's investment drive in lithium mining?

Did Tesla ask your permission before they came to Nigeria to BEG TO BE ALLOWED TO MINE LITHIUM?

Nigeria did not beg them. THEY wanted it. BUT Nigeria imposed conditions while looking for firms to partner with who meet the nation's industrial aspirations.

But that is not enough for a clown like you. You must come with your STUPID demand (which the senate will never approve) that the FG invest extra billions of dollars into a hugely capital-intensive industry, when it is struggling to maintain the ones it's already invested, from oil and gas to roads to rail and power.

Nigeria's annual national budget is just 35 billion dollars. Countries like the USA and UK whose annual budgets run into TRILLIONS OF DOLLARS have not established state-owned mining firms, but the NIGERIAN govt must use its small change to enter the world of mining. Talk about biting more than you can chew.

THANK GOODNESS YOU'RE NOT IN GOVT.

etrouble:
E be like say you don smoke this morning again. Whatever you are smoking, stop it before it stops you

I know it sounds crazy to you, but the government is actually not responsible for everything that happens or doesn't happen in your useless life.

Nothing stops you from forming a consortium for a mining operation, using local and foreign partners and capital.

But of course, in your dull, disgruntled little head, that's the government's job. Yours is just to sit down and be collecting money at your doorstep, not to use your head and be innovative.

Mumu people.

Ruke1989:
stop talking like a politician, if govt can monopolize the crude oil through NNPC being sole importer, if govt can monopolize security and not allow state or private police like in the US or UK, if govt can monopolize seaport, airport construction and ownership unlike having private airports in the UK, then don't they have no excuse.

Use your head. That govt controls those sectors should tell you they have their hands full, and need the private sector to play its part especially in industrialisation. You don't just leave EVERYTHING to the government.

You should be educated enough to have heard about Public Private Partnership (PPP), Build Operate and Transfer (BOT) business models. If foreign investor doesn't come to mine your minerals 60 years after your birth, you politicians should not be lazy, look for any of the profitable business models above and build companies based on that. That way the private sector manages it and it will be effective.
Why can't you lazy politicians own and run business efficiently. It's because of your laziness and hatred for reforms. Govt all over the world run companies efficiently - China, Russia, Saudi, Indian, UK, German, South Africa govts, etc run companies efficiently. What makes you different is your spell bound corruption and laziness

Oh shut up and get lost. Professional finger pointer. Armchair critic.

Sit on your lazy backside doing nothing and expecting govt to do everything for your lazy self.

The UK you mentioned. Here is a list of their top mining firms. They are all privately owned. Glencore, etc.

https://miningdigital.com/top10/top-10-mining-companies-uk

USA top mining firms are all privately owned too:

https://miningdigital.com/top10/top-10-us-mining-companies

Capitalist nations figured out long ago that industrialisation is a private-sector led process, and that govt run enterprises are inherently inefficient in comparison. The trend has been to privatize industries for decades now, not the opposite as you are demanding. So instead of talking rubbish about communist ''Russia, China..'', stop waiting for govt to wipe your ass and spoon-feed you, and go out there and start your own Glencore or Amazon or Tesla or Twitter or Facebook like your mates are doing the world over.

updatechange:
Good one

Agreed.

Ruke1989:
What happened to your hands? Are you leprous you can't mine by yourself? Why jumping here and there begging for miners and for investors? Una dey craze? What happened to una hands? You want private companies to do it so you can sit your lazy ass's and stifle them with tax but you don't want to know the pain of being investor yourselves?

It is not the federal government's job or training to engage in the mining of minerals.

It is YOUR job, as a member of the private sector.

Nigeria is a capitalist economy, not a communist one.

Where YOU in the Nigerian private sector are lacking the capacity and/or capital etc, to engage in commercial scale mining, the government will seek investors from the world in order to build national income, industrialisation, and employment.

Tesla and other Multinational Firms are Rushing in and Desperate To Mine Nigerian Lithium.

Buhari Says NOT Unless You Build Battery Factory Here First.

Tesla has been told it needs to double down on value addition before Nigeria will allow lithium mining. Nigeria's minister of mines is now on a mission to Australia to find lithium miners who better align with Nigerian industrial policy.

In August, Nigeria’s minister of mines and steel development, Olamilekan Adegbite, said the country had rejected Tesla Inc’s request to mine lithium, unless the company were to situate a battery-making factory in the West African nation.

He said this is to retain value along the global processing chain of lithium.

Lithium is expected to triple in demand by 2040, according to the World Bank. The price of a tonne of lithium jumped from about $6,000 in 2020 to over $78,000 in 2022.

“As for lithium, it doesn’t necessarily mean investors must produce batteries here before they can mine, but some form of industrial processing of the ore is required,” he says.....


Australian options

Although not yet public, The Africa Report has learnt that the minister of mines is currently in Australia for talks with the Australian Battery Institute. This, say ministry sources, is to show that they are ready to collaborate with countries or investors whose corporate and commercial objectives align with the ministry’s.

Australia (40,000 tonnes), Chile (20,600 tonnes) and China (14,000 tonnes) are the largest lithium miners in the world, having mined 86% of global lithium in 2020.

“Our job is to formulate policy and communicate the government’s position, but we don’t sit idly as you can see with what we are currently doing in Australia. We are optimistic,” the ministry source tells The Africa Report.

Lithium exploration and processing, if well managed, has a rich value chain that can build industries, create jobs, boost government revenue or foreign exchange and grow the economy, the government says. The federal government has identified the ore as one of the seven strategic minerals of the future...

Beyond these benefits, the government says the policy on lithium and other strategic minerals will build and sustain a pipeline of knowledge and skills. It is expected that Nigerians studying mineral processing abroad or those who learn from expatriates can transfer their skills to others, fuelling future innovation to develop the country.

“With the opportunities provided by the African Continental Free Trade Agreement [AfCFTA], Nigeria can become an emerging exporter of premium quality refined minerals to the other parts of Africa,” Chinyere Almona, the director general of the Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry, says.

https://www.theafricareport.com/240607/tesla-wants-to-mine-lithium-in-nigeria-what-are-the-hidden-costs/

PORT HARCOURT
https://i.pinimg.com/736x/eb/26/52/eb2652217563061d1179eb90bcb92be6.jpg

LikeAking:
We yeye pass Dem. Observe as dia country clean. Wia f Naija fine like that?

The ugly truth something like this or even worse will happen in Nigeria one day.

No forget to do d need full.

Not election tins o.

MANY PLACES IN NIGERIA ARE FINER THAN THAT PICTURE OF LEBANON YOU SAW.

LEAVE YOUR VILLAGE AND SEE NIGERIA, YOU WON'T HEAR.

STUPID EMBARRASSMENT TALKING RUBBISH.

LAGOS
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Top_view_of_commercial_areas_in_victoria_island%2CLagos.jpg

https://i.ytimg.com/vi/0vH4GsX5yfg/maxresdefault.jpg

ABUJA
https://i0.wp.com/lejournal.africa/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/rfi_15501504021131.jpg?fit=1024%2C578&ssl=1

sulaak:
Another ignorant Nigerian. A society where you can set up a business and be in profit in a short time is a dysfunctional society without a foundation.

Paying bills and tax is the reason why a country has infrastructures to sustain development.

What a load of ignorant rubbish.

Every nation will BEG to have a business environment that guarantees swift profits for investors.

I'm actually an economist by training, so I can school you all day on this if required.

In the west, 80% of new businesses fail in the first 3 years, mostly due to cash flow issues and the exorbitant cost of running a business.

Is that what you're recommending for Nigeria? Businesses in Nigeria pay bills and taxes, and even provide their own back-up power supply, water etc. YET ARE STILL PROFITABLE IN NO TIME AT ALL.

The reason they are profitable is not because of any ''dysfunction'' in society. It's a simple issue of demand and supply, a huge buying market and the relative absence of monopolies.

hustla:
No papers

Maybe they aren't financially buoyant yet

Also, a lot of people visit home codedly, they just don't tell you

very true...

iwaeda:
If I were you, if you escape Buhari economy like that man that entered Canada, will you come back

Stay there talking rubbish. You people take NIgeria for granted. You don't know what you are enjoying in Nigeria until you leave Nigeria.

In Nigeria you can wake up tomorrow and start a full-blown business, and become your own boss.

Within a short period period you're employing people!

I mean, this is something you just cannot do in the USA or UK. Their business environment is locked in to the elite class there, and is hugged and sewn up by those who were there before you.

The market for everything there is saturated, and with the various taxes and overheads you'll pay to run your business, plus the heavy competition you'll face, you'll be lucky to be in profit after 3 years of running the company.

In NIGERIA you can start a business today, and by the following week you're in profit.

Sit there talking rubbish about Buhari and Nigeria.

That western word where I lived for decades, by the time you're there 2 months, you're missing Nigerian food, Nigerian freedom, and general Nigerian vibes that you're used to, where there's always something going down, be it a party, a business deal, a new babe.

You will even miss that your gen.

That warm breeze that you collect when you go outside to start your gen wearing your singlet and shorts. Maybe having a short conversation with your neighbour or your gateman.

Or the one that you'll come out of your house and see one small boy and send him to buy you akara from the next street.

It sounds crazy, but you will miss all those things after a few months (not to mention years) of being in the strict, monitored confines of western living.

You want akara? Nobody to send. You go there by your damn self and buy it.

All the 'constant light', 'good roads', etc that made you to japa will just seem like no biggie after a while.

You will come to realise that there is more to life than those things. And if someone offers you a ticket to Lagos, say for a week, you will dobale for the person, gba o!

Ah!

In fact Lagos or wherever you were based in Naija would seem like heaven after a while, and even more so due to the high cost of getting there (thousands of dollars).

Meanwhile, as you struggle to pay your bills in your small apartment, while answering yes sir to your oyinbo boss - whom you are more educated than, but under him because you are a black foreigner - you will be hearing news on your Whatsapp about this or that one of your old pals in Naija that has just completed his 6 bedroom mansion.

Suddenly, the whole japa thing starts to feel like a bad joke.

But by then it's too late. Those back home think you are 'enjoying abroad', and so you'll need to have a damn good reason to have surrendered all that 'enjoyment' to return home and be 'struggling' with them.

kingamaa:
A new head of state, a new prime Minister and a new government all in September and not a single vote was cast in UK.

And they will be shouting democracy up and down

And forcing it down the throats of Africans.

Africa should begin to think outside the box.

We should be independent indeed

PLUS the British have no written constitution...

So there is really no law there in the true sense, and everything can be contested, which is heaven for their rich and corrupt elite.

ebufa:
power supply improves during the rainy season and begins to go down towards the end of the year! Are you mates with Egypt in terms of power supply,what rubbish are you talking about.

LIAR. POWER SUPPLY NEVER IMPROVED TO ANYTHING NEAR THIS LEVEL IN PREVIOUS ''RAINY SEASONS''.

OR YOU LIVE IN A DIFFERENT NIGERIA?

Uptheante:
You started by insulting me, this shows the kind of person you are.

I am a person who cannot stand brainwashed African slaves like you drowned in self hate and inferiority complex.

I FIND YOU REPULSIVE.

Firstly, the reason why the British were in Benin Empire is the same reason why the Binis were in other people's land.

NO IT WASN'T, YOU DUNDERHEAD.

The British were in AFRICA to loot natural resources.

They were poor, and then discovered gunpowder from the Chinese, which they then used to make guns and go round the world mass murdering whole continents in order to seize their resources and enrich themselves stupendously.

The Benin kingdom did not seize or loot the resources of regions it acquired. Or force them to speak Edo, or force them to worship Bini deities etc. QUITE THE OPPOSITE. It offered the people military protection, and material abundance. THE TESTIMONY OF HUNDREDS OF EUROPEAN VISITORS SPEAK FOR THEMSELVES.

You said I shouldn't believe the story of the British because they were Invaders, that means I'll also not believe the Benin account because they also invaded other people at one point or the other before the British arrival.

It was not a ''Benin account'' I posted. The research was done by the Guardian UK newspaper and they used European sources.

I think your problem is low IQ. That is why you reason like a toad.

The talk about human sacrifices in Benin Empire was also corroborated by other Europeans apart from the British.

NAME the ''other Europeans''.

The Dutch & Portuguese were slave traders & it is on record that the British Empire stopped slave trading worldwide.

After engaging in 80% of the trade for centuries and profiting from it more than the Dutch, Portuguese, French, Belgian, and German combined.

Do you think they halted the trade out of altruism?

They halted it because they'd achieved their early industrial development which slavery got them, and moved on to colonial exploitation - keeping the 'natives' at home to work the raw material and export same to Europe.

British contribution to science & technology in terms of breakthrough inventions that forever shaped the modern world cannot be overemphasized.
They also contributed immensely in Medicine, Education, Healthcare, Financial systems, Mathematics, Engineering, Law & Jurisprudence, Military & Security, Agriculture, Literature & Arts, Music & Entertainment, Sports, Tourism, Religion, world peace, etc.
What contribution has your Benin Empire done for the benefit of mankind?

EVERYTHING THEY SUPPOSEDLY 'ACHIEVED' WAS DONE ON THE BLOOD AND RESOURCES OF YOUR ANCESTORS, YOU STUPID SLAVE.

IT COULD NOT HAVE BEEN DONE WITHOUT KILLING YOUR ANCESTORS IN COLD BLOOD AND STEALING THEIR LAND AND RESOURCES.

AS FOR WHAT BENIN CONTRIBUTED. MORE THAN YOUR COLONISED HEAD CAN EVER IMAGINE.


12 Amazing African Inventions and Innovations That Led To World Civilization



1 Speech

The first words by humans were spoken by Africans.

''Using statistical methods to estimate the time required to achieve the current spread and diversity in modern languages today, Johanna Nichols — a linguist at the University of California, Berkeley — argues that vocal language must have arisen in our species at least 100,000 years ago. Using phonemic diversity, a more recent analysis offers directly linguistic support for a similar date. Estimates of this kind are independently supported by genetic, archaeological, palaeontological and much other evidence suggesting that language probably emerged somewhere in sub-Saharan Africa during the Middle Stone Age, roughly contemporaneous with the speciation of Homo sapiens.''


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origin_of_language




2 Writing


In 1999, Archaeology Magazine reported that the earliest Egyptian hieroglyphs date back to 3400 BCE which "...challenge the commonly held belief that early logographs, pictographic symbols representing a specific place, object, or quantity, first evolved into more complex phonetic symbols in Mesopotamia."

Who were these original Egyptians?

The Greek historian Herodotus.. described the Colchians of the Black Sea shores as "Egyptians by race" and pointed out they had "black skins and kinky hair."

Apollodorus, the Greek philosopher, described Egypt as "the country of the black-footed ones" and the Latin historian Ammianus Marcellinus said "the men of Egypt are mostly brown or black with a skinny desiccated look."

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/specials/1624_story_of_africa/page88.shtml

In his book 'Egypt', British scholar Sir E.A. Wallis Budge says: "The prehistoric native of Egypt, both in the old and in the new Stone Ages, was African and there is every reason for saying that the earliest settlers came from the South." He further states: "There are many things in the manners and customs and religions of the historic Egyptians that suggests that the original home of their prehistoric ancestors was in a country in the neighborhood of Uganda and Punt [present day Somalia]."

https://i.pinimg.com/564x/4a/70/3b/4a703be4f22ca99f45c67e4ba05b3426.jpg

''Greek historian Diodorus Siculus devoted an entire chapter of his world history, the Bibliotheke Historica, or Library of History (Book 3), to the Kushites ["Aithiopians"] of Meroe. Here he repeats the story of their great piety, their high favor with the gods, and adds the fascinating legend that they were.. the founders of Egyptian civilization, invented writing, and had given the Egyptians their religion and culture.''

(1st century B.C., Diodorus Siculus of Sicily, Greek historian and contemporary of Caesar Augustus, Universal History Book III. 2. 4-3. 3)

http://wysinger.homestead.com/blackegypt101.html

To summarise:

"Ancient Egypt was a Negro civilisation. The history of Black Africa will remain suspended in the air and cannot be written correctly until African historians connect it with the history of Egypt. The African historian who evades the problem of Egypt is neither modest nor objective nor unruffled. He is ignorant, cowardly and neurotic. The ancient Egyptians were Negroes. The moral fruit of their civilisation is to be counted among the assets of the Black world."

- Cheikh Anta Diop, The African Origin of Civilisation.


https://i.pinimg.com/564x/8e/df/df/8edfdfeff02c69723959a961a6b524ea.jpg



3 Medicine

''The earliest known surgery was performed in Egypt around 2750 BC.... The Ebers papyrus (1550 BC) is full of incantations and foul applications meant to turn away disease-causing demons, and also includes 877 prescriptions. It may also contain the earliest documented awareness of tumors..

Homer (800 BC) remarked in the Odyssey: "In Egypt, the men are more skilled in medicine than any of human kind" and "the Egyptians were skilled in medicine more than any other art". The Greek historian Herodotus visited Egypt around 440 BC and wrote extensively of his observations of their medicinal practices. Pliny the Elder also wrote favourably of them in historical review. Hippocrates (the 'father of medicine'), Herophilos, Erasistratus and later Galen studied at the temple of Amenhotep, and acknowledged the contribution of ancient Egyptian medicine to Greek medicine.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_medicine



4 Architecture

The African empire of Egypt developed a vast array of diverse structures and great architectural monuments along the Nile, among the largest and most famous of which are the Great Pyramid of Giza and the Great Sphinx of Giza

The pyramids, which were built in the Fourth Dynasty, testify to the power of the pharaonic religion and state. They were built for reasons that remain mysterious to modern knowledge. The size and simple design show the high skill level of African design and engineering on a large scale. The Great Pyramid of Giza, which was probably completed c. 2580 BC, is the oldest and largest of the pyramids, and is the only surviving monument of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The pyramid of Khafre is believed to have been completed around 2532 BC, at the end of Khafre's reign.

https://i.pinimg.com/564x/21/32/59/2132596353cacee7484fdef5947cb8df.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_architecture



5 Mathematics

The invention of mathematics is placed firmly in African PRE-HISTORY.

''The oldest known possibly mathematical object is the Lebombo bone, discovered in the Lebombo mountains of Swaziland and dated to approximately 35,000 BC. It consists of 29 distinct notches cut into a baboon's fibula. Also prehistoric artifacts discovered in Africa and France, dated between 35,000 and 20,000 years old [respectively], suggest early attempts to quantify time.

The Ishango bone, found near the headwaters of the Nile river (northeastern Congo), may be as much as 20,000 years old and consists of a series of tally marks carved in three columns running the length of the bone. Common interpretations are that the Ishango bone shows either the earliest known demonstration of sequences of prime numbers or a six month lunar calendar.

Also, Predynastic Egyptians of the 5th millennium BC pictorially represented geometric designs.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_mathematics#Prehistoric_mathematics

''Numeral systems have been many and diverse, with the first known written numerals created by Egyptians in Middle Kingdom texts such as the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus.

The earliest uses of mathematics were in trading, land measurement, painting and weaving patterns and the recording of time. More complex mathematics did not appear until around 3000 BC, when the Egyptians and Babylonians began using arithmetic, algebra and geometry for taxation and other financial calculations, for building and construction, and for astronomy''

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics



6 Mining of minerals

The oldest known mine on archaeological record is the "Lion Cave" in Swaziland, which radiocarbon dating shows to be about 43,000 years old. Much later on, the Africans of Egypt mined malachite....Quarries for turquoise and copper were also found at "Wadi Hamamat, Tura, Aswan and various other Nubian sites"..The gold mines of Nubia were among the largest and most extensive in the world, and are described by the Greek author Diodorus Siculus. He mentions that fire-setting was one method used to break down the hard rock holding the gold. One of the complexes is shown in one of earliest known maps. They crushed the ore and ground it to a fine powder before washing the powder for the gold dust.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining#Prehistoric_mining



7 Iron Smelting

Iron smelting is a form of extractive metallurgy; its main use is to produce a metal from its ore. This includes production of silver, iron, copper and other base metals from their ores. Smelting uses heat and a chemical reducing agent to decompose the ore, driving off other elements as gasses or slag and leaving just the metal behind.

Early iron smelting:

''Where and how iron smelting was discovered is widely debated, and remains uncertain due to the significant lack of production finds.. [but] there is a further possibility of iron smelting and working in West Africa by 1200 BC. In addition, very early instances of carbon steel were found to be in production around 2000 years before the present in northwest Tanzania, based on complex preheating principles. These discoveries are significant for the history of metallurgy.''

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smelting


8 Religion

Greek historian Diodorus Siculus. From his own statements we learn that he traveled in Egypt around 60 BC. His travels in Egypt probably took him as far south as the first Cataract. He wrote about the ''Ethiopians'' south of Egypt.

"They further write that it was among them that people were first taught to honour the gods and offer sacrifices and arrange processions and festivals and perform other things by which people honor the divine. For this reason their piety is famous among all men, and the sacrifices among the Aithiopians are believed to be particularly pleasing to the divinity,"


9 Laws

Stephanus of Byzantium, who is said to represent the opinions of the most ancient Greeks, says:

"Ethiopia was the first established country on the earth, and the Ethiopians were the first who introduced the worship of the Gods and who established laws."
Quoted by John D. Baldwin, Prehistoric Nations, p. 62.



10 International Trade


In 1825, Arnold Hermann Heeren (1760-1842), Professor of History and Politics in the University of Gottengen and one of the ablest of the early exponents of the economic interpretation of history, published, in the fourth and revised edition of his great work Ideen Uber Die Politik, Den Verkehr Und Den Handel Der Vornehmsten Volker Der Alten Weld, a lengthy essay on the history, culture, and commerce of the ancient Ethiopians, which had profound influence on contemporary writers in the conclusion that it was among these ancient Black people of Africa and Asia that international trade was first developed. He thinks that as a by-product of these international contacts there was an exchange of ideas and cultural practices that laid the foundations of the earliest civilizations of the ancient world. Heeren in his researches says: "From the remotest times to the present, the Ethiopians [ancient name for blacks south of the Sahara] have been one of the most celebrated, and yet the most mysterious of nations. In the earliest traditions of nearly all the..civilized nations of antiquity, the name of this distant people is found. The annals of the Egyptian priests are full of them, and the nations of inner Asia, on the Euphrates and Tigris, have interwoven the fictions of the Ethiopians with their traditions of the wars and conquests of their heroes; and, at a period equally remote, they glimmer in Greek mythology. When the Greeks scarcely knew Italy and Sicily by name, the Ethiopians were celebrated in the verses of their poets, and when the faint gleam of tradition and fable gives way to the clear light of history, the lustre of the Ethiopians is not diminished."

http://wysinger.homestead.com/blackegypt101.html


11 Philosophy

Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with reality, existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational argument.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy#Ancient_philosophy

Philosophy in Africa has a rich and varied history, dating from pre-dynastic Egypt, continuing through the birth of Christianity and Islam. Arguably central to the ancients was the conception of "ma'at", which roughly translated refers to "justice", "truth", or simply "that which is right". One of the earliest works of political philosophy was the Maxims of Ptah-Hotep, which were taught to Egyptian schoolboys for centuries...Ancient Egyptian philosophers made extremely important contributions to Hellenistic philosophy, Christian philosophy, and Islamic philosophy.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_philosophy

''Ancient Egyptian philosophy has been credited by the ancient Greeks as being the beginning of philosophy''.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_philosophy


12 Art

The oldest art objects in the world—a series of tiny, drilled snail shells about 75,000 years old—were discovered in a South African cave.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art

All these deceitful assertions by you just to vilify the British & blame them for your woes ain't gonna work.

SLAVE. Those who murdered your ancestors do not deserve your support.

BUT OF COURSE YOU LACK A WORKING BRAIN, SO YOU CAN'T SEE THAT.

America was also colonized by the British & we have never seen Americans blaming the British for their problems.
Same with Kenya, Ghana, UAE, Egypt, Zambia, India, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Jamaica etc.

YOU'RE BEYOND STUPID. The Jews who are getting reparations and getting apologies everywhere, and reminding everyone of the holocaust daily, do you scold them for ''blaming Germans for their problems''?

What is it about you that makes you not value your own self? WHO DID THIS TO YOU?

Plus you know NOTHING about those countries you listed, to say they don't hold the British to account. I have lived among those people for longer than you've been alive. THEY KNOW THE BRITISH INSIDE OUT AND THEY TREAT THEM ACCORDINGLY - WITH SUSPICION AND DISTANCE. THEY ARE NOT SLAVE MINDED DOLTS LIKE YOU AND SO MANY NIGERIANS, BRAINWASHED TO HATE THEMSELVES AND LOVE THEIR ENSLAVERS.

MOST JAMAICANS AND AFRO-AMERICANS CANNOT STAND AFRICANS BECAUSE OF THIS SICK MENTALITY YOU HAVE, THAT ELEVATES THE WHITES OVER YOURSELVES.

THEY FIND IT DISGUSTING AND REPREHENSIBLE.

All these countries have moved on.
Infact, America & Britain are the strongest allies & they collaborate in almost every field of human endeavour.

THE British did not apply a uniform policy to all colonies. AFRICA for them was a place to exploit for raw materials to power their industrial revolution. The Americas did not serve as such a place, but was rather, an English settlement. A place they went to mass murder the native inhabitants and replace them with Europeans. Like they did in places known today as 'Canada', 'Australia', 'New Zealand' etc.

So it is no surprise that that American 'colony' was not exploited or ravaged by the British. It was and is their second home.

USE YOUR BRAIN. IT IS NOT THERE FOR DECORATION.

Jonifi:
Malaysia exports $13.31 billion worth of palm oil in eight months -- News Report

Me:

One of the areas I give importance to is raising awareness among Nigerians on the necessity of developing the comatose and archaic Agricultural sector.

From the above report Malaysia exports $13.31 billion worth of palm oil in eight months. This is close to what Nigeria earns from Crude Oil sales in the same period.

It is important to note that Palm Oil originates from West Africa where it grows in the wild and later was developed into an Agricultural crop. Sadly, today Indonesia is the world largest producer of Palm Oil closely followed by Malaysia.

Indonesia and Malaysia are by far the largest palm oil producing nations. Together they account for 85-90 percent of the total production of this vegetable oil. Other important producing countries are Colombia, Nigeria and Thailand.

Correction:

There is this fraudulent rumor that the late Premier of the Northern region, Sardauna of Sokoto, took Palm Oil seedlings to Malaysia. This is not true. Palm Oil was introduced to Malaysia, then Malaya, by the British in early 1870's as an ornamental plant.

Conclusion:

Nigeria and by extension West Africa should wakeup and double Palm Oil production in the region. While other nations of the world are making progress and advancing, we are moving backwards with underdevelopment. Unfortunately, this is our sad reality...

#ElbinawiTweets

Firstly, shut up and stop saying ''we are moving backwards with underdevelopment''. That is your inferiority complex talking and is not based on facts or reality. Your grandparents or great grandparents were illiterate village peasants who walked around barefoot and half-starved under colonial subjugation.

Compare that to your life today, and you must be an absolute moro.n to say you have ''moved backwards''.

Uptheante:
OP, in your bid to be mischievous & clever by half, you failed to reveal to the readers what the Benin Empire did to the British to warrant such destruction.
You mischievously skipped that part in order to paint the British as evil & the Benin Empire as innocent victims of the British superior force.
We all know that even the vilest of people won't just attack & destroy another without a genuine & morally acceptable reason, not to talk of the British who were at the peak of world civilization at that time.

You are a clown of the first order. Not just a clown, but a conditioned clown and bamboozled buffoon.

Have you asked yourself what the British were doing in 'Nigeria' in the first place?

Do you know why they invaded areas known today as Nigeria, Ghana, Sierra Leone, Kenya, South Africa etc?

See, if your brain reasons this deep, then you will ignore the silly excuses made by the British, for their invasions.

They invaded every where else and burnt them down if resisted. What 'provocation' led to those other atrocities?

It wasn't just Benin you know....

See, once an imperialist invader has identified your land as containing the resources he needs, the next thing is to find a way to get it off you.

If you are dumb enough to fall for his specific, published ''reasons'' or ''grievances'' for invading this or that land in your territory, then you have a real problem mentally.

Could be an IQ issue.

The Benin Empire were neck-deep in human sacrifice & other atrocious acts deemed morally unacceptable. They attacked & killed unarmed British officials on a peaceful mission in their territory in a deadly ambush.
The British had no option than to pacify them & destroy their atrocious land filled with human sacrifices.

Oh sure. These are claims made by the British. WE DO NOT KNOW THEY ARE TRUE.

Why should you believe the words of an invader?

Will he say you were just minding your business and he came in and bombarded your city for no reason?

Of course he will paint you in the worst possible light, to justify his destruction of your foremost city, and his carting away of your treasures.

Strange how NOT ONE of the numerous Dutch, Portuguese accounts of Benin over 3 centuries prior, ever mentions a 'human sacrifice'.

It just so happened to be the British who wanted to colonise and loot your resources in 1897, that saw a city covered with human sacrifices everywhere.

Try to dey use your brain small nau.

The Benin city you were painting in your narrative was not really an Utopia of some sorts as you seem to portray.

It wasn't me portraying it. It was ancient European visitors to the city.

Eyewitness testimony.

The empire thrived by conquering others before it & it is only natural that inevitably, a more powerful & superior empire ( in this case, the British ), will one day kick it's ass.
Or will you tell me that the Benin folks never destroyed, plunder & even massacre others to form their own?

There is a difference between conquest to enrich and conquest to exploit. The regions that made up the Benin Empire were largely autonomous, and prospered greatly.

The British Empire was all about exploiting the territories (colonies) for their raw materials, pocketing the proceeds, and leaving the people starving and impoverished, and their lands underdeveloped.

Stop blaming the British for all your woes & misfortunes

Bodyguard for the British, we only asked for an apology, and restitution for the crimes committed.

Do you tell the European Jews not to blame the Nazis for their ''woes and misfortunes''?

No? SO SHUT YOUR DIRTY LIPS.

at least you got civilized & brought out of darkness through them

But precolonial Benin City had streetlights, underground drainage, well-built houses, no slums, and a crime rate of zero.

People built no front doors to their houses. It was inconceivable for a person to enter another's house to steal or commit a crime. So what was the need for a front door?

Or gate?

Or fence with barbed wire and broken glass?

Like you have today in your ''civilized'' mumu existence, featuring high crime rates, corruption, armed robbery, slum dwellings, 419, terrorism, kidnapping, thuggery, and banditry.

TRUTH IS THE PEOPLE OF ANCIENT BENIN WERE 1,000 TIMES MORE CIVILIZED THAN YOU AND THE BRITISH COMBINED.

Lastly, King Charles ain't gonna apologize for any shit.
Deal with it.

No worries. He will apologise when he comes before his MAKER.

Bontafa:
After this your long note .

Will you blame uju for harbouring hate for the queen , from her own experience?

She has traced the destruction of her family in the 1960s to the British imperialists.

Her point is simple. The British invaded her region, Igboland, killed thousands of innocent people, and forced them into a union with 250 other ethnic groups, simply for ease of administration as they exploited our resources.

After independence in the 1960s, the union showed friction and her people wanted to leave the contraption.

Britain supported and sent weapons to Nigeria to crush the rebellion and maintain the union.

Her family members were killed in the conflict.

See, for her, British imperialism isn't something one reads about in a book.

It happened to her directly, and still affects her today, live and direct.

So she has every right on Earth to say whatever she wants to say about the woman that headed the British govt as these atrocities took place.

joyandfaith:
I think you should blame African kings and collaborators who British used to fight Benin Army.

The NAZIS used Jewish collaborators in their mass murder of that group in the 1940s and 50s.

That has not removed one iota of culpability from Hitler and the Nazis for the Holocaust.

Powerful entities with superior weaponry and finance are always able to rope in collaborators in their target populations. It's the easiest thing for them. To use that as a way to exculpate them of their atrocities is actually inhuman.

seunny4lif:
They need to pay back all the resources and money they stole from Africa just like German government is paying Israeli and Poland billions every year.
Those people owe Africans trillions of dollars

You are right.

I reckon that Divine Judgement of some sort will befall the west at some point in the future.

Karma is a bitch, like they say.

^^^ What is this one saying?

See mumurity.

bump

TODAY.
.
.
Ancient Benin Bronzes, British Museum, London
https://assets.change.org/photos/8/il/hq/fjIlhqjaMLDNLHg-1600x900-noPad.jpg?1591232378

15th century Benin City showing order, greenery, and ...streetlights.

https://www.historyanswers.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/BeninBanner.png

..........https://i.pinimg.com/564x/33/1d/80/331d80cdfb186e3641e82e36fc089419.jpg

byteem:
Face your leaders stop the blame game

No, you spokesman for mass murderers. We will not 'forget' our history, and how your masters disrupted our development with their greed and evil bloodlust.

Ussycool:
After apology, what else?

REPARATIONS.

Will King Charles APOLOGISE For the Destruction of Benin City in 1897?


16th century Benin City was described as ‘wealthy and industrious, well-governed and richly decorated’.
https://scitechafrica.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Ancient-benin-920x425.jpg

According to the UK Guardian newspaper, ''With its mathematical layout and earthworks longer than the Great Wall of China, Benin City was one of the best planned cities in the world when London was a place of ‘thievery and murder’.''

The paper went on:

''The Benin empire was one of the oldest and most highly developed states in west Africa, dating back to the 11th century.

The Guinness Book of Records (1974 edition) described the walls of Benin City and its surrounding kingdom as the world’s largest earthworks carried out prior to the mechanical era. According to estimates by the New Scientist’s Fred Pearce, Benin City’s walls were at one point “four times longer than the Great Wall of China, and consumed a hundred times more material than the Great Pyramid of Cheops”.

Situated on a plain, Benin City was enclosed by massive walls in the south and deep ditches in the north. Beyond the city walls, numerous further walls were erected that separated the surroundings of the capital into around 500 distinct villages.

Pearce writes that these walls “extended for some 16,000 km in all, in a mosaic of more than 500 interconnected settlement boundaries. They covered 6,500 sq km and were all dug by the Edo people … They took an estimated 150 million hours ..to construct, and are perhaps the largest single archaeological phenomenon on the planet''.

Benin City was also one of the first cities to have a semblance of street lighting. Huge metal lamps, many feet high, were built and placed around the city, especially near the king’s palace. Fuelled by palm oil, their burning wicks were lit at night to provide illumination for traffic to and from the palace.

When the Portuguese first “discovered” the city in 1485, they were stunned to find this vast kingdom made of hundreds of interlocked cities and villages in the middle of the African jungle. They called it the “Great City of Benin”, .... Indeed, they classified Benin City as one of the most beautiful and best planned cities in the world.

In 1691, the Portuguese ship captain Lourenco Pinto observed: “Great Benin, where the king resides, is larger than Lisbon; all the streets run straight and as far as the eye can see. The houses are large, especially that of the king, which is richly decorated and has fine columns. The city is wealthy and industrious. It is so well governed that theft is unknown and the people live in such security that they have no doors to their houses.”

In contrast, London at the same time is described by Bruce Holsinger, professor of English at the University of Virginia, as being a city of “thievery, prostitution, murder, bribery and a thriving black market made the medieval city ripe for exploitation by those with a skill for the quick blade or picking a pocket”.


African fractals

Benin City’s planning and design was done according to careful rules of symmetry, proportionality and repetition now known as fractal design. The mathematician Ron Eglash, author of African Fractals – which examines the patterns underpinning architecture, art and design in many parts of Africa – notes that the city and its surrounding villages were purposely laid out to form perfect fractals, with similar shapes repeated in the rooms of each house, and the house itself, and the clusters of houses in the village in mathematically predictable patterns.

As he puts it: “When Europeans first came to Africa, they considered the architecture very disorganised and thus primitive. It never occurred to them that the Africans might have been using a form of mathematics that they hadn’t even discovered yet.”

At the centre of the city stood the king’s court, from which extended 30 very straight, broad streets, each about 120-ft wide. These main streets, which ran at right angles to each other, had underground drainage made of a sunken impluvium with an outlet to carry away storm water. Many narrower side and intersecting streets extended off them....

“Houses are built alongside the streets in good order, the one close to the other,” writes the 17th-century Dutch visitor Olfert Dapper. “Adorned with gables and steps … they are usually broad with long galleries inside, especially so in the case of the houses of the nobility, and divided into many rooms which are separated by walls made of red clay, very well erected.”

Dapper adds that wealthy residents kept these walls “as shiny and smooth by washing and rubbing as any wall in Holland can be made with chalk, and they are like mirrors. The upper storeys are made of the same sort of clay. Moreover, every house is provided with a well for the supply of fresh water”.

The early foreign explorers’ descriptions of Benin City portrayed it as a place free of crime and hunger, with large streets and houses kept clean; a city filled with courteous, honest people, and run by a centralised and highly sophisticated bureaucracy.

The city was split into 11 divisions, each a smaller replication of the king’s court, comprising a sprawling series of compounds containing accommodation, workshops and public buildings – interconnected by innumerable doors and passageways, all richly decorated with the art that made Benin famous. The city was literally covered in it.

The exterior walls of the courts and compounds were decorated with horizontal ridge designs (agben) and clay carvings portraying animals, warriors and other symbols of power – the carvings would create contrasting patterns in the strong sunlight. Natural objects (pebbles or pieces of mica) were also pressed into the wet clay, while in the palaces, pillars were covered with bronze plaques illustrating the victories and deeds of former kings and nobles.

At the height of its greatness in the 12th century – well before the start of the European Renaissance – the kings and nobles of Benin City patronised craftsmen and lavished them with gifts and wealth, in return for their depiction of the kings’ and dignitaries’ great exploits in intricate bronze sculptures.

https://i.pinimg.com/564x/f1/2c/32/f12c3215c29cbc751a1d49077e135893.jpg

https://i.pinimg.com/564x/e3/74/1e/e3741e603259a8e98f2d5230817d3f44.jpg

“These works from Benin are equal to the very finest examples of European casting technique,” wrote Professor Felix von Luschan, formerly of the Berlin Ethnological Museum. “Benvenuto Celini could not have cast them better, nor could anyone else before or after him. Technically, these bronzes represent the very highest possible achievement.”

What impressed the first visiting Europeans most was the wealth, artistic beauty and magnificence of the city. Immediately European nations saw the opportunity to develop trade with the wealthy kingdom, importing ivory, palm oil and pepper – and exporting guns. At the beginning of the 16th century, word quickly spread around Europe about the beautiful African city, and new visitors flocked in from all parts of Europe, with ever glowing testimonies, recorded in numerous voyage notes and illustrations.

https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2016/mar/18/story-of-cities-5-benin-city-edo-nigeria-mighty-medieval-capital-lost-without-trace
.
.
.
1897 - ENTER THE BRITISH

The Benin Expedition of 1897 was a brutal invasion by a British force comprising thousands of men under Sir Harry Rawson. The great city of Benin was bombarded, looted, and burnt to the ground, its great multi-storeyed buildings and monuments burned down to ashes, and thousands of its inhabitants killed or forced to flee the rampaging British forces. Thousands of treasures were looted from the Oba's palace and taken to England, with most still stored at the British museum in London to this day.


Will King Charles III finally APOLOGISE for the brutal, ungodly invasion and destruction of Benin City in 1897, since his mother failed to do so?
.
.
.