₦airaland Forum

Chad country profile - Overview


A largely semi-desert country, Chad is rich in gold and uranium and stands to benefit from its recently-acquired status as an oil-exporting state.
However, Africa's fifth-largest nation suffers from inadequate infrastructure, and internal conflict. Poverty is rife, and health and social conditions compare unfavourably with those elsewhere in the region.
Chad's post-independence history has been marked by instability and violence, stemming mostly from tension between the mainly Arab-Muslim north and the predominantly Christian and animist south.
In 1969, Muslim dissatisfaction with the first president, Ngarta Tombalbaye - a Christian southerner - developed into guerrilla war. This, combined with a severe drought, undermined his rule and in 1975 President Tombalbaye was killed in a coup led by another southerner, Felix Malloum.
Mr Malloum failed to end the war, and in 1979 he was replaced by a Libyan-backed northerner, Goukouki Oueddei. But the fighting continued, this time with a former defence minister, Hissen Habre, on the opposite side.
In 1982, with French help, Mr Habre captured the capital, N'Djamena, and Mr Oueddei escaped to the north, where he formed a rival government. The standoff ended in 1990, when Mr Habre was toppled by the Libyan-backed Idriss Deby.
By the mid-1990s the situation had stabilised, and in 1996 Mr Deby was confirmed president in Chad's first election.
In 1998 an armed insurgency began in the north, led by President Deby's former defence chief, Youssouf Togoimi. A Libyan-brokered peace deal in 2002 failed to put an end to the fighting.
From 2003 unrest in neighbouring Sudan's Darfur region spilled across the border, along with hundreds of thousands of Sudanese refugees.
Chad and Sudan accused one another of backing and harbouring rebels, and the dispute led to a four-year break in relations in 2006-2010.
Since late 2013 Chad has played host to tens of thousands of refugees who have fled the fighting in the neighbouring Central African Republic, and in 2015 the country pledged military support to Cameroon in repelling the Islamist Boko Haram insurgency. Boko Haram responded by attacking the Chadian shore of Lake Chad, raising fears that the insurgency might spread east.
Chad became an oil-producing nation in 2003, with the completion of a $4bn pipeline linking its oilfields to terminals on the Atlantic coast. The government has moved to relax a law controlling the use of oil money, which the World Bank had made a condition of its $39m loan.

Lake Chad is an important source of water for millions of people in the four countries surrounding it
Nigeria
Niger
Cameroon
Sudan

I expect most people will have heard of at least one or two of these, but if eight are new to you, I will be happy. Religion has existed since man’s first thought, and this list probably illustrates that it is unlikely to go away anytime soon. So here is a list of 10 religions that you (probably) never knew existed.10
Cheondoism
Cheondoism is a 20th-century Korean religious movement that has its origins in a peasant rebellion in 1812. Cheondoist theology is basically monotheistic, pantheistic and panentheistic. Cheondoism is rooted in Korean shamanism and Korean Buddhism, with elements drawn from Christianity. It has become so popular in Communist North Korea that it is now the leading religion there. The religion believes that God exists in each of us and that we should all strive to make earth a paradise. It attempts to transform the believers into intelligent moral beings with a high social consciousness. [Image above: Cheondoism central temple]

9
Mazdakism
Mazdakism is a religion founded by Mazdak, a socialist Persian (Iranian) reformer in the 6th century BC. He claimed to be a prophet (similar to Mohammed 1,200 years later) and instituted communal possessions and social welfare programs. The two distinguishing factors of Mazdak’s teaching were the reduction of the importance of religious formalities — the true religious person being the one who understood and related correctly to the principles of the universe — and a criticism of the strong position of Zoroastrian clergy, who, he believed, had oppressed the Persian population and caused much poverty. Despite the concepts of good conduct and Pacifism, the followers of Mazdak raided the palaces and harems of the rich, removing the valuables to which they believed they had equal rights.8
Builders of the Adytum

Builders of the Adytum (or BOTA for short) is a religion created in California by Dr. Paul Foster Case. The religion teachs its adherants by correspondence but also has bases around the world where people meet and perform religious ceremonies. Most of the beliefs and teachings are based on esoteric psychology, occult tarot, Hermetic Qabalah, Astrology, and meditation techniques. BOTA is not a strictly Christian organization, nor is it Jewish. B.O.T.A believes that the Qabalah is the mystical root of both ancient Judaism and the original Christianity, but people of all faiths are accepted if they are mystically inclined. The clip above features BOTA member Sonia Choquette.7
Asatru

Asatru is a revival of ancient Nordic religion based upon polythesitc faith and mythic tales. According to the religion, there are four key deities and several minor gods. Adherents usually live in communities called Kindreds. They ascribe to the “Nine Noble Virtues” as a model for their lives. While the original Norse would have participated in animal sacrifice, modern worshipers offer mead, a honey-wine, to the gods. Major holidays revolve around the changing seasons with Yule being the most important. It is celebrated in late December and continues for twelve days.6
Eckankar

Eckankar was established by American John Paul Twitchell in 1965. It is a monotheistic faith, which worships the divine spirit “Eck.” Eckankar is similar to some Eastern religions in its belief that the soul is constantly reincarnated until it achieves spiritual liberation. The religion teaches that spiritual growth is only possible through special meditative exercises similar to yoga. Through these practices, the soul can escape the physical form and enter the Sugmad, or spiritual realm. Successful completion of one’s spiritual journey results in a reunification with Eck.

5
Jainism

Jainism was founded in India over 2500 years ago. It survives today with approximately four million believers, called J. This polytheistic faith preaches that many gods exist alongside humans in a complex hierarchy. The Jain gods are symbolic of common human ideas. Similar to Buddhism, the goal of “Jain Life” is to achieve spiritual perfection and free the soul from the cycle of rebirth. Those who succeed in this endeavor are called jinas. Jain worship centers on icons and numerous Jain temples in India contain images of the 24 tirthankaras, revered spiritual leaders. Offerings are frequently made to these images as part of Jain ritual. Meditation and monasticism are also key features of Jainism.4
Aladura

Founded in the early 20th century, this religion is based around so-called “prophet healing” churches in Africa. It claims around one million adherents, mostly in Nigeria. Aladura is directly related to the Anglican movement of Christianity. It was founded as a response to missionary movements in Africa. The religion emphasizes divine healing and a strict moral code. Its practices mix Anglican traditions with African rituals. Many ritual objects are involved in the practice, and the faiths leaders are known as prophets who are entrusted with healing believers through rituals and prayer.3
Cao Dai

This Vietnamese religion combines elements of Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, and Catholicism. It was founded in 1926 and claims up to 6 million adherents. Believers worship a vast array of saints, which includes such notable figures as Julius Caesar and Pericles. The ecclectic nature of Cao Dai complements its idealistic mission to create a more tolerant world. Adherents see all humans as sharing a divine heritage. The practicies of this faith are somewhat occult and derived from Taoist traditions. Believers hold seances in addition to group prayer and elaborate ritual ceremonies.2
Unification Church

Established in South Korea in 1954, the Unification Church ascribes to a unique interpretation of Christianity. Its 3 million believers praise the faith’s founder Sun Myung Moon, the religion’s founder, as the Messiah and ascribe to a doctrine known as the “Divine Principle”. This doctrine emphasizes duality in nature and the harmonious union of masculine and feminine. Subsequently, the aim of the Unification Church is to create “true families,” which is often achieved through mass weddings. These unions are also a means of fulfilling the faith’s version of God’s purpose, which is to experience joy and love through life. True joy and love can only be achieved by creating a perfect, sinless family. Only in this way does the Unification Church believe the Kingdom of God can be created. While there is no description of an afterlife, the faith preaches that the spirit will live for all eternity.1
Falun Gong

Falun Gong is a recent religious movement with roughly three million practitioners. It was founded in China in 1992 by Li Hongzhi. It combines elements of Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism with traditional Chinese folklore. Falun Gong aims to obtain mental and spiritual renewal through meditation. Adherents practice special exercises to awaken their center of spiritual energy and rid themselves of physical and spiritual ailments. The faith has received extensive criticism from the Chinese government, which initially saw the new cult as a threat. Outsiders also tend to ridicule Falun Gong’s contention that antagonistic space aliens are manipulating world leaders.* you can add yours if you have any idea

My enemies never made it but you can't just be hated for no reason#we hate ourself more than the whites do#were is the love when we kill ourselves in the name of religion #culture#politic#ethnic#etc were then is the love wethin??

Let's go back to our first love and make peace

MRLINGTON:
If you're about to get married..which of this kind of women would you love to marry??

I will marry my galfrnd here wt me#and do u mean beautiful gals can't cook#well mine can

noobsaibot2:
I BEG MAKE I FIRST APPOLOGIZE FOR MY INKOREKT ENGLISH...

NA ANGER MAKE ME DEY WRITE SO.. MODS AND NAIRALANDERS I NEED YA ADVICE

I HAVE DONE EVERYTHING GOODABLE AND POSSIBLE BETTER FOR HER, BUT WHY SHE GO DO ME DIS KAIN TIN?
SHE GO TELL ME SAY SHE LOVE ME... I GO DEY SPEND ME MONEY ON HER, ANOTHERMAN GO DEY TAKE DEM GLORY?
THE SADEST NA TO SNAP HER pUUUXXY FOR MY HOUSE DEY SEND HER LOVERS FOR WHATSAPP...

IF I TALK BOUT HER ATTITUDE SHE GO SAY I TOO JEALOUS...

ABI I DON ENTER ONE CHANCE TO GO DATE A MODEL...


INFACT ALL MODELS AND WANNABE MODELS NA ASSSHHHI!!!

SHE'S LEAVING MY LIFE FOR GOOD FIRST THING THIS MORNING...


ABEG MODS DO THE NEEDFUL... I AM HEARTBROKEN... I JUST NEED ADVICE THANKS

I APPRECIATE..

(SOBS BITTERLY)

I reali wonda what ladies really want you show dem love dey misbhav#bro ma little pis of advice be say try and change her if she doesn't want to change mhen just let go their are beta ladies out dear who wil love u. Just u#cous I se no reason fr ur gf to send unclad photos to anoda guy fr //od sake #who knows if she term you as a her guy or sidekick

swtme:
@kingk nice

dnt u notice dat d 1st photo d dogs ar ten nd d oda are 9

Lol

swtme:
The hairy brown dog n d red rope

their is still somtin uv nat differentiated

swtme:
The hairy brown dog n d red rope

wow nver saw the brown dog u jas made do u gat. Eyesss

Seun:

so how was the shock if any

Chillext:
Ladies, can you rock this on your wedding day and guys can you allow your wife to wear this on your wedding day?

yes she can rock it but if am drunk and if she studied prostitution

Take your time and look at these photo below are their any difference

OREMUSSANCTUS:
Not while jonathan is transforming nigeria!

/God. Bless u broda.

If you are to be given an american passport today
what will be your reaction#
some will give testimony in the chrch. Some will Throw a parties and celebrate. What will be yours ?
is life really better out there or are we just feed up with. Our country

simdam500:

stop crying plz naija go better

PDPwayoo:
If GEJ is smart, he should renovate prisons before he leaves office. Im very sure many of his comrades will surely end up there. Im not saying he will be Jail ooo. e-wamarriors should not quote me wrong.

ure he either or not he remain in office he surpose

Horgahkunle:
Nigeria prison is one of the badest prison in the all word

u can shout that loud

We know he is that old man hiding behind a former pastor gone politician

nnanyereugo:
Wat of bokoharam cbos dey ve killed thousands jst in 5yrs.

boko haram are group maybe on the next thread the most evil groups in the world will include em

FemiFaniKayode:
I can discuss abt President Jonathan anywhere in Politics section especially when it has to do with Nigerian institutions especially the prisons that Mr President loves so much these pictures are just the political abracadabra of that change party.
On ground we have transformed the prisons and made it more of a resort and vacation center than a rehabilitation center with aircondition, state of the art Jacuzzi and continental meals.
My bro even some unemployed are saying its better to enjoy these facilities

for. Your dream all those things you mention happens

MrPresident1:
Please remove General Idi Amin from your list. Do your own research and stop being a deceived by western propaganda.

General Amin remains one of the greatest, most intelligent, and most charismatic leaders Africa has ever produced.

I know what you saying but that guy has dealt with. His country men apart from d white he banned remember he take whatever he want from any body

FemiFaniKayode:
President Jonathan is working, the Best President Nigeria has ever produced, the most articulate, very knowledgeable on core Nigerian issues, he is smart, vibrant, handsome, doesnt drink ,smoke or womanise.
He is the modern day Nigerian messiah

we know but that's not the topic of discussion. Here please

Pennywise:
Hian?

is hell over their that's why ex convict do n
ot change instead they get worst meeting new and bad influence cook em up for more crimes
Saw in the news last year a female inmate pregnant While she was together with female inmates
Now you know what the prison warder do to them also

Pennywise:
Hian?

is hell over their that's why ex convict do not change instead they get worst meeting new and bad influence cook em up for more crimes

Pennywise:
So they just mastuRbaete all day long unless you are a Bode George in which case the prison superintendent's office becomes a temporary bedroom when your consort comes calling. That is the worst injustice imaginable. Forget about the filth and the apparently unhygienic environment. Man is an animal by nature. We always adapt but certainly not to sexual deprivation.

when u in their I don't think sex will be somtin you wud think of when you are not feed well where is the strength

The Most Evil Men in History
This thread consists of episodes which profile evil men throughout history who have used their power to torture, kill, maim and eradicate millions of people.
Attila The Hun. Attila was Khan of the Huns. He is remembered as the epitome of cruelty and rapacity.
Bad King John. He murdered his nephew, inspired the legend of Robin Hood and caused the creation of Magna Carta.
Caligula. The Roman emperor's reign is a legendary frenzy of lunacy, murder, and perverse sexuality.
Francisco Pizarro. Francisco Pizarro was one of the European explorers who went to South America to colonize it and had natives murdered so he could plunder their gold and silver.
Hitler. Adolf Hitler tried to mold Germany and a large portion of the 20th century into his own twisted design. Luckily for posterity he failed but not before destroying the lives of millions of people.
Idi Amin. Idi Amin rose to become a brutal and utterly ruthless dictator who committed atrocities on his people.
Ivan the Terrible. Ivan IV of Russia, also know as Ivan the Terrible, was the Grand Duke of Muscovy from 1533 to 1547 and was the first ruler of Russia to assume the title of Tsar. He was also a devout theist.
Joseph Stalin. Perhaps 7 million or more people were shot with a total suppression of about 50 million under uncle Joe Stalin. One of the great tyrant's of the 20th century and indeed any century.
Nero. He brought the entire Roman Empire to the brink of collapse with his legendary excesses and cruelty.
Pol Pot. Responsible for the Killing Fields and Year Zero Pol Pot waged a gruesome war on his own population.
Rasputin. He was an uneducated peasant who gained a reputation as a faith healer. His strange behavior and incredible influence over the imperial family made him notorious and his death made him a legend.
Torquemada. Torquemada tortured and burned thousands of innocent Spaniards and expelled Spains Jewish population. Thomas De Torquemada was head of the Spanish inquisition and was renowned for his cruelty.
Vlad the Impaler. Vlad is best known for the legends of the exceedingly cruel punishments he imposed during his reign and for serving as the primary inspiration for the vampire main character in popular Dracula novel. 1st photo is idi amin of uganda. 2nd shows hitler. 3rd ivan the terrible. 4th shows stalin. These are few photos i was able to gather

CoCoLav:
Reasons why you should be a law abiding citizen and stay away from trouble.

If the prisons become very comfortable, more comfortable than the house of the average man, it would have its vices. The living standard of the average Nigerian needs to be improved first.

However, I believe the Nigerian government can do better than this...at least make it a bit habitable. These pictures are an eyesore.

hey coco they are so many innocent. Citizens locked up in various prison without trials #nd bcaus dey dnt have anybody to stand fr thm

Pennywise:
Mexican prisons are worse but inmates have conjugal rights. Do our prisoners have conjugal previlidges?

very hard depends on the status of the inmates

Keneking:
Sai Buhari...
APC shall win this state this March and April 2015

na you go make am win And sorry how is his health

blessedapple:
Then go for the BB machine

my pin don spoil