₦airaland Forum

Despite the fact that bible did not limit the number of women to be married by a man but some people dogmatically accept the west doctrine as part of bible thereby twisting the verse of the bible to suit their purpose. The most interesting part of it is that that majority of those people are having extra marital affairs to the extent that some of their women even prefer this worst habit than the husband having second legal wife all because of their selfish interest.
We are now hearing so many cases of raping, child molestation, illegal sexual affairs in the churches and even among the so call man of God(pastors).
But the smartest and God fearing followers are now resulting to polygamy instead of illegal sex affairs of which a very good example is the case of Mr. Charles Macharia:

Fresha Nyambura, Esther Nyaguthii and Agnes Wambui have been married to Charles Macharia for 30 years. The women are now jointly planning the payment of their dowry. They organised an animated ceremony for first wife Nyambura last Saturday, September 26, in Murang’a town, Kenya, that saw them all dance with their husband and explain their unusual set up.

“They respect and listen to me. My authority is never undermined,” First wife Nyambura said.

She said they have a systematic way of spending time with Macharia but did not give details. Second wife Nyaguthii said;

“He advised us when he decided to get other wives. We are satisfied; there is no need to cause problems. Men pretend to be faithful while keeping their other wives a secret, but we are all here together.”

Third wife Wambui said they love each other and are good friends. The three, who live in different houses, broke down their roles ahead of the dowry ceremony to Macharia, who gave them the money needed. Asked to introduce his family during the event, Macharia began by inquiring about attendants only interested in his polygamy.

He then asked those who attended because of their friendship to raise their hands after which he said;

“Let all my wives come here for introduction.”

The businessman then introduced the women in the order in which he married them, followed by his 12 children.

“There is no man here who does not have another wife. Notice how smart they are. You have to wake up early and take care of the family. You cannot laze around, you must work hard.”

Macharia said he is satisfied and will now focus on getting more children, and lauded his wives for uniting and living peacefully. It is best for men to declare their other relationships, he said, adding that all was well in his family, and urging men to marry more than one woman. Macharia said plans to pay dowry for Nyaguthii and Wambui were in place.

http://www.nigerianmonitor.com/2015/09/29/photo-man-happily-married-to-three-women-encourages-men-to-follow-in-his-footsteps/

Those people should be a laughing stock, they are trained to be a zombie so I decided to mock them
like Emusan is e mu osan i.e you drink orange

Demmzy15:
His Royal Highness Oba Rilwan please don't kill malvisguy!

Allow him to kill that dullard fa

Anas09:
@Yazach.
You are here again exposing ur mediocrity
Who is the father of is Jesus? instead of u guys answering the question, you threw a stupid one back.
You are asked, if the circumstancies sorrounding Jesus' birth are the same with that of Adam, WHO IS ADAM's MOTHER?.
And why is only Jesus in the entire world's history is named after his mother?
Answer that and stop fooling urselves.

Chai!!! I taught Rilwayne001 have told you that it is DAME PATIENT JONATHAN

Rilwayne001:
Patience Jonathan

My brother you are too funny o
As in this people are now becoming laughing stock nowadays
They think they are blackmailing Islam but the more they do the more people embrace Islam
Alhamdulillah they cannot bold of converting anyone with their blackmailing tactics, that one is enough to tell on their idiocy

Rilwayne001:
Who is the father of Adam?

you don expose his idiocy

malvisguy212:
senseless coment. Stay mute pleased.

But the sensible men know the meaning

malvisguy212:
kai, this muslim don't even read his quran. Excellent reply my brother, God bless you.

You must have stolen emusan's orange

Demmzy15:
Mumu boy!

He must be a mumu of highest order

alexis:
You seem to be the only one laughing. I wonder what the joke is about

The joke is about the cancer you are developing because you want to blackmail Islam

alexis:
People don't post videos when they engage others in an intellectual dialog. I can do the same but that wouldn't do justice to the discussion. From jump-start, you were never objective. To you Islam is perfect; to me God Almighty is perfect - a big difference! History and evidence shows that my position is more objective.

Whenever you decide to engage me constructively and objectively; we can have an honest discussion. Until then may Allah bless you because you seem to think that I am not a Muslim

Did you regard your response as intellectual You are too funny

alexis:
yazach



That is irrelevant to the topic at had. Since you are unable to intellectually respond to me, you are running with your tail between your legs in another direction



You are not doing justice to the issue. In Islam, when a woman commits adultery, she is to be stoned. So, clearly the beating of the wife in Islam is not when she cheats. You are inserting an alternative into the text and it's very clear to see your dishonesty. Your grasp of the subject matter alarms me and shows your command of Islamic theology - it's sad, very sad. You probably have to go and learn more about Islamic theology and it's application



Another ignorant reference that is not related to the topic at hand. You have refused to engage me intellectually within the confines of Islamic sources i.e. the Quran and Hadiths. All I can suggest now is you stop embarrassing yourself and do more research. Be honest with yourself and let Allah guide you to be honest.

Don't tell me the video did not solve your problem

This one should

https://www.nairaland.com/2291292/rebutals-library-solution-recycled-topics

SaharaReporters has learned that the embattled former Minister of Petroleum Resources, Diezani Alison-Madueke, did not appear at the Westminster Magistrates Court today.


On Friday October 2nd it was revealed that Mrs. Alison-Madueke was arrested by agents attached to the National Crime Agency (NCA) in the United Kingdom on offenses related to bribery, money laundering, and other financial crimes. After a lengthy interrogation she was released on bail along with four others connected to her arrest.

According to Sam Piranty, a BBC correspondent, the court and the NCA froze 27,000 sterling pounds belonging to Alison-Madueke.

SaharaReporters reported earlier that Alison-Madueke’s mother Beatrice Agama and Melanie Spenser were arrested.

A confidential source told SaharaReporters that the fifth person arrested on Friday is suspected to be of Nigerian nationality. It is believed that Melanie Spenser is a Swiss national but that has not been independently confirmed by SaharaReporters.

Sources speaking to SaharaReporters have said that there “were likely more arrests this weekend” of people connected to Alison-Madueke’s financial crimes.

http://saharareporters.com/2015/10/05/nca-freezes-alison-madueke%E2%80%99s-cash-court-today

Repentance96:
Unfortunately you are confusing Islamic theology with elements of Pauline Philosophy. Like the Jews, we Muslims don't believe in Original Sin (we don't take Paul's words as God's words). We believe that every soul is originally pure in the purest nature. We believe that Sin cannot be inherited, that every man bears the consequences of his actions. We believe that God is Most Merciful, and that He is a Great Forgiver.

We believe that it was always the plan of God to divide the passage of time, once He had begun it into two distinct phases. One temporary, the other eternal and everlasting. One where God is "veiled" and the other when all Sovereignty will be for him. The Quran repeats the fact that every soul will taste death. At the point of division everything (everyone plus everything - all the earths and all the heavens) will be destroyed and only God shall remain. Then the Resurrection, and Judgment.

The idea that death came into the world with man is baseless. The Quran acknowledges the presence of beasts before Mankind and throughout the universe. Death is predestined for everything and everyone except the Eternal One.



I believe yes, Iblis knew that Adam and Eve was destined to Earth. He might have known that Adam and Eve would be swayed into sin, and so equal him in sin. He would have been a witness to the covenant Allah established between Him and each and one of us before birth. God clearly informed Iblis of success with regards to a portion from Mankind

39. [Iblis (Satan)] said: "O my Lord! Because you misled me, I shall indeed adorn the path of error for them (mankind) on the earth, and I shall mislead them all.
40. "Except Your chosen, (guided) slaves among them."
41. (Allah) said: "This is the Way which will lead straight to Me."
42. "Certainly, you shall have no authority over My slaves, except those who follow you of the Ghawin (Mushrikun and those who go astray, criminals, polytheists, and evil-doers, etc.).
43. "And surely, Hell is the promised place for them all.
44. "It (Hell) has seven gates, for each of those gates is a (special) class (of sinners) assigned.
(Al-Quran, Surah Al-Hijr).





This is the beauty of Islamic theology. This is the Truth. We were meant for Paradise but destined to be tested on earth. Why test us though? Because of Satan's challenge. God expelled him for disobedience, so God should also expel anyone that disobeys him. He lets us prove ourselves better than Satan and his allies on earth. God's promise to Satan is that - take all your friends with you to Hell and I'll take my true slaves to myself.

Malik Muwatta
Book 46, Number 46.1.1:
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from al-Araj from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Adam and Musa argued and Adam got the better of Musa. Musa rebuked Adam, 'You are Adam who led people astray and brought them out of the Garden.' Adam said to him, 'You are Musa to whom Allah gave knowledge of everything and whom he chose above people with His message.' He said, 'Yes.' He said, 'Do you then censure me for a matter which was decreed for me before I was created?' "

This matter (the "Fall" was predestined so as to be just with regards to Iblis. God has to be consistent with his judgement. If He condemns Iblis for just one Sin, He cannot give a free pass to us. As for the sin itself, Adam bettered Satan and asked for repentance and forgiveness while blaming himself. Satan never asked for forgiveness, instead he blamed God himself. Adam blamed his own self (his free will), while Iblis blamed predestination. This is the essence of the sixth article of faith in the Islamic creed.



Yes. Iblis could have easily deduced this. If you know that God intends a Day of Judgement, and that death occurs on earth you can easily deduce that God intends Resurrection. Anyways, the angels immediately asked God when He first broke the news of Adam's role on earth why God intended bloodshed and evil on earth as per their understanding. Evolution involves bloodshed and freewill involved evil, why should God introduce man also to this? God answers them in a marvelous way if you read the entire passage.




I think English is not your first language but even so you must have understood what I had written. God didn't command the angels to bow to Him ONLY, there was no command to reject anyone else because firstly there wasn't anyone else and secondly the angels have no choice in the matter anyway. God ordered them to bow to Adam, so they all bowed except Iblis who was a Jinn who thought God was being unjust.

It is only in our Shariah that bowing down to creation is haraam. Previously literally bowing was allowed to Kings, prophets and their likes but not now. Angels "bowed" to creation because God commanded to do so. Their action is not one of worship to creation, but one of obedience to God. They all accepter that Adam has the potential to better them in the eyes of Allah. This acceptance and action is also a way in which they glorified the works of Allah.

My brother JazzakuLLAHU Khaira.
This guy and his likes are dun-lop head entities, we have engaged them several times and the worst is that they just copy from blackmailing sites and paste here. As if that is not even worst, they will still tell you they understand the Qura'an more than you do and at the end they will keep on repeating the same question you have answered.

They are programmed that is why Jesus is God, son of God, Son of man, son of marry from their mouth

Emusan:
So it was Allah who told Iblis that there will be RESURRECTION OF THE DEATH when the act that brought death on earth has never even happened.

Please did Allah also tell Iblis that he'll be one who will deceive Adam and Eve?



Lol...Allah's plan is to create Adam on earth but shortly after creating them, Adam and Eve were given a GARDEN IN PARADISE.

The key point you're missing is this, Iblis says "the Day the (dead) are raised"

Was it Allah who told Iblis this also?




Imaging, and you're the who said maybe I'm ignorant of Qur'an but we can see how this perfectly described you.

This is from the verse you quoted "while we declare Your praise and sanctify You?"

So you mean these angels are carrying out this specific task while STANDING or just feel relax on bed not by bowing down



Your post full of funny statements, so until Allah commanded Angels to declare his praise and sanctify him they ONLY do so, no Angel can do so on his own accord

Whereas we see Angel having his own choice in the Quran.

Mr Emusan how market

belhomme:
that statement is one that of intent to show Jesus' humility. He, despite His status as God, did not think about that position but humbled Himself to die for you and i and go through all the neccesary stages a man could posibly pass through. And yes the speaker was speaking with the inspiration of the Holy spirit.

I am very sure you are not a zombie


My questions are clear, so answer them
Plus
Which of you sin did jesus died for o? Is it the lady you were looking at or the lies you used to tell

Anas09:
@yazach.
You know for sure that ur god is false yet u still follow? If not, address the Ops.
Don't bring that tactics to derail it. Why will allah be talking abt dead, resurrection and judgement when sin, which brought death has not been committed yet?

Why did allah, after telling everyone to bowdown to him alone, turn around to command angels to bowdown to worship Adam? Why did he purnish satan for bowing down only to allah, but not to adam?
Answer and stop being stupid.

WHAT IS THIS ONE SAYING

Emusan:
Looking for opportunity to derail this thread, sorry such opportunity won't be given to you.

Address the OP.

Not on till you finish your orange

alexis:
I find it difficult dealing with people who based their religion on their feelings. If you don't want to answer me, sit down and keep quiet. If you want to counter what I have said, respond with the appropriate references. You lack of initiative to show any authoritative references makes you suspect.



Liberation means freedom, the freedom to choose what you want to do. The issue here is not what people decide to do with their freedom but the fact that they are free under the law. So, stop confusing the the expression of freedom as the same with the right of freedom. You are arguing off-point.



Yet Islam encourages Muslim men to

1. Beat their wives: Surah 4:34; Surah 38:44. In Western society, husbands don't beat their wives. If a woman respects you, she will stay with you.
2. Mohammad punched Aisha in the chest: This is an authoritative Hadith from Sahih Muslim Book 004, Number 2127. Later you will claim that I don't know what I am talking about. The funny thing is that these are Islamic sources stating these things and not any other 3rd party.
3. It is true at one point that Mohammed said muslim men shouldn't beat their wives but he changed this stance when the men started complaining. Here is an authoritative reference from Abu Dawud (2141)

I can go on and on. I will not even mention honor killings of women by Muslim men or the marriage of young girls to fully grown men. Yet you will claim Islam liberation is superior to Western values. I think you are some kind of medication because you are not in touch with the real world when it comes to this matter



Oh shut up - this is some of the blind ignorant religious rant that pisses me off. So a woman going to the market to buy food needs the strength of her Islamic husband. Or when she is taking her kids to school, she needs the strong arms of her husband to protect her abi? Or if she has to travel to work and be in an airplane? Her husband will enter the plane to protect her abi? These cheap excuses is why women in the Islamic world are leaving Islam and coming to the West so they can escape such prisons you call "security". Women are capable of protecting themselves, where they can't; the civil authority can step in but don't use this weak argument to support the Islamic subjugation of women; it shows you are still living in the 7th century.



Bros, you didn't address the question. The fact is that a woman testimony is not enough as compared to a man's testimony under Islamic jurisprudence. The verse is quite clear but you want to show the climax of your ignorance and blindness; be it as it may - I will indulge you.

1. A woman inheritance is worth half of a man: Surah 4:11; 4:176. Please refute the claim that the inheritance of a man is greater than that of a man just for the fact that she is a woman. Sexism is established in Islam automatically. In the West, all people irrespective of their sex are equal under the law. Can you please reconcile Islam position on this. You haven't done justice to this case in Islam, you have so far ignored it



It might be a shame in your upbringing but not in mine. My wife works not because I can't take care of her but because she loves what she does and as a good husband; I support her. Her wages bring another source of income to the house-hold that we both build together. Again, the emphasis here is a team. Allowing your wife to be free to work doesn't take away your man-hood; perhaps it does in Islam or in your Islam but not in my world.



You are a BIG liar; please explain Surah 4:11; 4:176 then. After that, I will address your example.




That is the problem isn't it - Muslims think their law is superior to others. That is why we can't reconcile Sharia with our constitution Oga. Beating of wives in Islam is somehow superior to not beating your wives. Only such logic is permissible in Islam and not in the free world. That is why women in Islam are leaving such ideas and bondage and coming to the West to live their lives as they see fit and not under the forceful control of any system; whether it was written by a 7th century god or an illiterate prophet. Secondly, sharia if sharia applied to only muslims, then I don't think there will be a problem but sharia gives one set of laws to muslims and another set of laws to non-muslims. For Islamic ignorants like you, that is proper because "Mohammad said so"



Thanks for conceding, at least you were honest about it. Another thing you don't know if that there is a huge division in the West when it comes to gay marriage. The facts are simple - America is evenly divided regarding gay marriage where up to 60% of people don't support it. There are many Western countries where gay marriage is not permissible. The fact here is simple, if a woman wants to marry another woman or a man wants to marry another man - the laws of the land allows them whether you or I agree with it or not. Most importantly, gays sexual preference is none of my business - the fact is that in the West, their sexual expression is protected as it should be. We don't kill gay people here like you do in Islamic countries. Gays in Islam run here to the West to seek refuge and sanctuary. They have the right to life even if you don't agree with their life-style



Oh boy - sit down and park jare. Have you been reading with your eyes closed?




All these to prove what? I stated the Hadith where Mohammed hit Aisha in the chest and it hurt her. Are you denying that?

This your response only expose how your shallow thinking and reasoning is and I will make it clear to you
For example:
If you meet a man with your wife on your bed in your bedroom, am sure you will switch on the fan so that they can enjoy more

In such scenario, average man will result to beaten up the wife mercilessly but because of this human nature, Islam deals with this situation and further explain gives limitation to how you beat her if you chose to
Question: When a christian man beats his wife, is it Islam that that also tells him to beat her?

Please you need to know the difference between encouragement and allowed I think this is where your problem lies
With regards to other issues you raised, well I say say that; what you have under your nose is more than the mouth therefore look beyond your nose you will see more

You can watch this video and share from this woman's brain
http://www.onislam.net/english/component/jvideodirect/?v=vCO0Qhr0q2Wh1

Emusan:
Since you've agreed that it's your perspective. I'm satisfied!

So kindly allow people to comment.

Thanks.

Emusan why can't you continue with your orange as your name implies (Emusan) Since that is what you know how to do

belhomme:
Jesus is not a man, He only manifested himself as one so you and i will know that He understands whatever you are going through as a man cos He was once in the flesh as well. so He understands your situation whatsoever

Phil 2:6-11
6 Though he was God,
he did not think of equality with God
as something to cling to.
7 Instead, he gave up his divine privileges;
he took the humble position of a slave
and was born as a human being.
When he appeared in human form,
8 he humbled himself in obedience to God
and died a criminal's death on a cross.
9 Therefore, God elevated him to the place of highest honor
and gave him the name above all other names,
10 that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow,
in heaven and on earth and under the earth,
11 and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord,
to the glory of God the Father.

Jesus Loves you and that was why He humbled Himself and appeared weak so you might be strong.
He died so you might live

Two questions from the red color
Who is the speaker and who gave the speaker the authority for his statement?
Why is he contradicting himself "Though he was God", "he did not think of equality with God" ?

King Mansa Musa is famous for his Hajj journey, during which he stopped off in Egypt and gave out so much gold that the Egyptian economy was ruined for years to come.

Mansa Musa was the great-great-grandson of Sunjata, who was the founder of the empire of Mali. His 25-year reign (1312-1337 CE) is described as “the golden age of the empire of Mali” (Levztion 66).

While Sunjata focused on building an ethnic Malinke empire, Mansa Musa developed its Islamic practice. He performed his Hajj in 1324. According to Levztion, the journey across Africa to Makkah took more than a year. Mansa Musa journeyed along the Niger River to Mema, then to Walata, then through Taghaza and on to Tuat, which was a trade center in central Africa. Tuat attracted traders from as far as Majorca and Egypt and its traders included Jews as well as Muslims.

When he arrived in Egypt, Mansa Musa camped near the Pyramids for three days. He then sent a gift of 50,000 dinars to the Sultan of Egypt before settling in Cairo for three months. The Sultan lent him his palace for the summer and made sure that his entourage was treated well.

Read More:

Hajj Hospitality through the Ages
Interesting Videos of Hajj in the Old Days (Watch)
Welcome Back Hajji: Various Cultures' Celebrations
Mansa Musa gave away thousands of ingots of gold, and Egyptian traders took advantage of this by charging five times the normal price for their goods. The value of gold in Egypt decreased as much as 25 percent. By the time Mansa Musa returned to Cairo from Hajj, however, he had run out of money and had to borrow from local Egyptian merchants.

Special Traditions

While Mansa Musa was devout, he was not an ascetic. His imperial power was widely respected, and he was feared throughout Africa. Ibn Battuta’s accounts show that Musa expected the same traditional etiquette of reverence to be performed for him as for any other king.

People who greeted him had to kneel down and scatter dust over themselves. Even in Cairo, Mansa Musa was greeted by his people in the traditional way. “No one was allowed into the king’s presence with his sandals on; negligence was punished by death. No one was allowed to sneeze in the king’s presence, and when the king himself sneezed, those present beat their breasts with their hands” (Levtzion, 108).



The shaded portion indicates the empire of Mali in the fourteenth century, and the dashed lines trace the main trans-Saharan routes of the period.

Another custom was that the king would never give orders personally. He would pass instructions to a spokesman, who would then convey his words. He never wrote anything himself and asked his scribes to put together a book, which he then sent to the Sultan of Egypt.

However, Mansa Musa had to face his own test of humility because it was required, when greeting the sultan, to kiss the ground. This was an act that Mansa Musa could not bring himself to perform.

Ibn Fadl Allah Al-Omari, who spent time with Musa in Egypt, reports that Musa had made many excuses before he could be persuaded to enter the sultan’s court. In the end, he made a compromise by announcing that if he had to prostrate on entering the court, it would be before Allah only, and this he did.

Mansa Musa stood in a long tradition of West African kings who had made pilgrimage to Makkah and, like his predecessors, he traveled in style.

Ibn Battuta recorded the display of wealth, which included a large presence of bodyguards, dignitaries, saddled horses, and colored flags. He traveled with his senior wife, Inari Kunate, who brought with her five hundred maids-in-waiting.

The senior wife was also respected and feared, and rulers of different cities paid their tributes to her. However, Ibn Battuta recorded that in Mansa Musa’s court, the Shari`ah was rather informally practiced in matters of marriage. He records that Ibn Amir Hajib, a member of the Mamluk court, noted how Mansa Musa strictly observed prayer and knew the Qur’an, but had maintained “the custom that if one of his subjects had a beautiful daughter, he brought her to the king’s bed without marriage.” Ibn Amir Hajib informed Mansa Musa that this was not permitted under Islamic law, to which Mansa Musa replied, “Not even to kings?” Ibn Amir Hajib said, “Not even to kings.” Henceforth Mansa Musa refrained from the practice.

Building Mosques

Mansa Musa’s Hajj had a significant impact on the development of Islam in Mali and on the perception of Mali throughout Africa and Europe. He was later accompanied back to Mali by an Andalusian architect, who is said to have designed the mosque at Timbuktu. He also invited back with him four descendents of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), so that the country of Mali would be “blessed by their footprints.”

According to Levtzion, Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage is recorded in many sources, both Muslim and non-Muslim and from both West Africa and Egypt.

Mali also appeared on the maps of the Jews and Christians in Europe. In Mali, Musa is known for building mosques and inviting Islamic scholars from around the Muslim world to his empire (Levtzion 213).

Algebra. Even the word is enough to strike terror into the hearts of junior high and high school students the world over - not to mention send shivers of apprehension down the backs of their parents as they start the process of solving for "x" or "y", and sometimes both.

However, junior high school students have not always studied algebra. During the ninth century, it was reserved for the intellectual elite. The word "algebra," like the subject, is a consequence of the intellectual ferment that occurred in Baghdad during the ninth century reign of Caliph al-Ma'mun (813-33).

The "Father of Algebra" is generally acknowledged to be Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi, born in approximately 786 C.E. Some historians speculate that his name may indicate that he came from the Khwarizmi region, south of the Aral Sea in central Asia.

Al-Khwarzimi was born at a time of great cultural and scientific development in the Islamic world. Harun al-Rashid became the fifth Caliph of the Abbasid dynasty on the 14th of September in the year 786; about the same time that al-Khwarizmi was born. Al-Rashid ruled over an empire that stretched from the Mediterranean Sea to India.


His son, al-Mamun, continued the patronage of learning started by his father and founded an academy called The House of Wisdom, where Greek philosophical and scientific works were translated. He also built up a library of manuscripts - the first major library to be set up since the famous library at Alexandria - and collected important works from the Byzantine Empire and beyond. In addition to The House of Wisdom, al-Mamun set up observatories in which Muslim astronomers could build on the knowledge acquired by earlier peoples.

Al-Khwarizmi and his colleagues, the Banu Musa, were scholars at The House of Wisdom in Baghdad. At the institute, they translated Greek scientific manuscripts and also studied and wrote on algebra, geometry and astronomy. Al-Khwarizmi worked under the patronage of Al-Mamun and he dedicated two of his texts to the Caliph. Sometime around 830 C.E., Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi composed the earliest known Arabic treatment of algebra and started an algebraic line in the Arabic world that persisted for several centuries.

The treatise, Hisab al-jabr w'al-muqabala or The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing, was also the most famous and important of all of al-Khwarizmi's works, and the title gave us the word "algebra." Al-Kwarzimi's work is generally considered to be the first written on the subject and his reason for writing the work was simple, he intended to teach:

"... What is easiest and most useful in arithmetic, such as men constantly require in cases of inheritance, legacies, partition, lawsuits, and trade, and in all their dealings with one another, or where the measuring of lands, the digging of canals, geometrical computations, and other objects of various sorts and kinds are concerned."

Conceived as an elementary textbook of practical mathematics, the Al-jabr wal-muqabala began with a discussion of the algebra of first and second-degree equations and moved on in its final two parts to the business of practical applications to questions of mensuration and legacies.

The book starts by introducing the natural numbers, and then introduces the main topic of the book's first section - the solution of equations. All the equations are linear or quadratic and are composed of units, roots and squares. It is interesting to note that in all of al-Khwarizmi's books, mathematics is done entirely in words and with no symbols (e.g. x 2 ) being used.

He first reduces an equation (linear or quadratic) to one of six standard forms:

Squares equal to roots.
Squares equal to numbers.
Roots equal to numbers.
Squares and roots equal to numbers; e.g. x 2 + 10x = 39.
Squares and numbers equal to roots; e.g. x 2 + 21 = 10x.
Roots and numbers equal to squares; e.g. 3x + 4 = x 2 .

The reduction is carried out using the two operations of al-jabr and al-muqabala. To al-Khwarzimi "al-jabr" means "completion" and is the process of removing negative terms from an equation. For example, using one of al-Khwarizmi's own examples, "al-jabr" transforms x 2 = 40x - 4 x 2 into 5 x 2 = 40x.

The term " al-muqabala" means, "balancing" and is the process of reducing positive terms of the same power when they occur on both sides of an equation. For example, two applications of "al-muqabala" reduce 50 + 3x + x 2 = 29 + 10x to 21 + x 2 = 7x (one application to deal with the numbers and a second to deal with the roots).

Al-Khwarizmi then illustrates how to solve the six standard types of equations using algebraic methods of solution and geometric proofs.

Al-Khwarizmi continues his study of algebra in Hisab al-jabr w'al-muqabala by examining how the laws of algebra extend to the arithmetic solutions of algebraic objects. For example, he shows how to multiply out expressions such as (a + b x) (c + d x).

Al-Khwarizmi also wrote a treatise on Hindu-Arabic numerals. The Arabic text is lost but a Latin translation - Algoritmi de numero Indorum, and an English one - Al-Khwarizmi on the Hindu Art of Reckoning, gave rise to the word "algorithm" deriving from al-Khwarzimi's name in the title.

Last but not least, Al-Khwarizmi authored a major work on geography, which gives latitudes and longitudes for 2402 localities as a basis for a world map. A number of other minor works on topics such as the astrolabe, the sundial, and the calendar were written by al-Khwarizmi. He also wrote a political history containing horoscopes of prominent persons. He died in Baghdad in approximately 850.

In Muammar Qaddafi’s Libya, people used to say, “We had one enemy.” Today, “people don’t know who their enemy is.”

That is how Magda Mughrabi, a Libya researcher for Amnesty International, described the current situation in Libya. “There are potentially tens or hundreds of enemies, because of the myriad of armed groups,” Mughrabi said.

Four years after Arab Spring protests turned into an armed uprising that led to the overthrow and death of the former strongman, Libya is torn between two governments and dozens of militias and armed groups. Like many of their Middle Eastern neighbors in 2011, Libyans protested against a dictator hoping for more political freedom and an end to the Qaddafi regime’s repressive four-decade-long reign. However, life for the average Libyan today, in some ways, has become more dangerous and unstable than it was under Qaddafi, according to experts.

“Libya today — in spite of the expectations we had at the time of the revolution — it’s much, much worse,” said Karim Mezran, resident senior fellow at the Atlantic Council’s Rafik Hariri Center for the Middle East. “Criminality is skyrocketing. Insecurity is pervasive. There are no jobs. It’s hard to get food and electricity. There’s fighting, there’s fear… I see very few bright spots.”

While Libya was able to hold elections in 2012, the government that emerged was never able to control the numerous militias and armed groups that gained power during the uprising, and skirmishes continued.

Fighting intensified in May 2014, when a renegade general, Khalifa Haftar, launched an assault on the Islamist militias operating in the city of Benghazi. One month later, Libyans frustrated with the Islamist-dominated General National Congress (GNC) and its inability to bring stability elected a new legislative body — the internationally-recognized House of Representatives. Now, each of Libya’s rival parliaments is roughly aligned with armed actors, with Haftar and his “Operation Dignity” fighters supporting the House of Representatives based in the northeastern city of Tobruk, while “Libya Dawn,” an umbrella term that includes Islamist militias and revolutionaries who battled Qaddafi, supports the GNC, based in Tripoli in the northwest.

The fight has only grown more complicated in recent months, as many of these groups have fragmented over time, and several other local militias and tribal fighters fight for control within the country. Added to this mix are groups like Ansar al Sharia, suspected of being behind the attack on the U.S. consulate in Benghazi in 2012, and a Libyan affiliate of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, which now controls Qaddafi’s home town of Sirte.

In all, an estimated 1,700 armed groups and militias are active in Libya, according to a recent report from the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.

“People don’t feel safe, because the law doesn’t protect them anymore,” Mughrabi said, describing a situation in which police stations are either not operational or are too frightened to intervene. Meanwhile, people can use militias that they have a personal connection with to settle scores.

Mughrabi said courts have also come under attack by armed groups, as have many attorneys, especially when they represented clients thought to be Qaddafi supporters.

“It’s really the rule of militias and armed groups, as opposed to the rule of law,” she said.

More than 4,600 people have died in the fighting since the beginning of 2014, according the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project, a group that monitors violence using media reports.

Some of the worst damage from the fighting is in Benghazi, where many buildings in the city’s center have been reduced to rubble. “The level of destruction, apart from Benghazi, is maybe not one that captures the world’s imagination,” Mughrabi said, but “the fear that it creates is massive.”

That fear has driven at least 435,000 Libyans from their homes to elsewhere in the country, according to the United Nations, although officials say the true total is likely higher. Libyans reported that a third of those displaced within the country were living in “precarious” accommodations, including unfinished buildings, garages, collective shelters or public spaces, according to an assessment carried out by the U.N. in August.

The U.N. estimates 2.44 million people — about a third of Libya’s population — have been affected by the fighting, which has led to shortages of food, water, electricity and medical supplies and reduced access to health care and public services. As of June, an estimated 2.5 million Libyans needed access to health services, according to the U.N., and around 400,000 required food aid.

Quality of life and access to basic services also depends on where you live in Libya. While the security situation in Libya’s capital, Tripoli, is worse off than it was five years ago, it is still more stable than cities like Benghazi, experts say.

For example, while a majority of Libyans interviewed by the U.N. in August said school-age children were able to access formal education in their communities, Benghazi’s enrollment rate had dropped 50 percent since fighting intensified in 2014.

“Libyans are incredibly disenchanted with life,” said Frederic Wehrey, a senior associate of the Carnegie Endowment’s Middle East program.

Wehrey, who has made multiple trips to Libya since the revolution, said that many there have become so frustrated by insecurity and instability that they have expressed regret about taking part in the revolution. Some have even wished for a return to the relative stability of Qaddafi’s rule.

Such sentiments should be “taken with a grain of salt” he said, adding, “You could walk down the streets at night under Qaddafi, but it was the peace of the graveyard.”

The revival of political life in some pockets of Libya is one improvement from the Qaddafi years, according to observers. With the central government practically non-existent, Wehrey said the towns and cities that have managed to function are those where Libyans have come up with local solutions.

“In the realm of politics, there is more freedom,” Mezran added, “more people who can talk, more who can demonstrate, more who are participating in politics. That’s the only bright spot, probably.”

Libyans must now pin their hopes for stability, slim as they are, on a U.N.-brokered peace agreement that calls for a unity government made up of officials from both parliaments. The deal calls for a cease-fire and disarming the various militias and armed groups, but yet to be determined is how it would be enforced.

alexis:
Very nice article.

You raised several points that I am compelled to respond to. The reason I am responding is because you didn't follow up with any Quranic reference or an authentic Hadith to backup your points. For example, you said:

Actually I don't want to answer you because of the fact that you are only trying to taint and blackmail Islam and by that you result only in looking for any blackmailing sites to copy from.
But you did not know that this affects you negatively as follows:
You spread lies and woe on to the liars and their helpers
You will only increase in hatred against your fellow human being unlawfully
You will always be a seconded because you will not even bother to research the truth just copy and paste
May Allah guide you to the right path!

alexis:
Western values and liberalism doesn't extend to countries under Sharia law i.e Saudi Arabia and Iran practices Sharia and Islam before America or Europe as we know it existed. The last time I checked, Sharia law is the governing law in these lands. As you know in Islam, a woman can't leave the house without the permission or her husband (if she has one), her father or her brothers. A woman testimony in Islam is worth less than that of a man by Islamic jurisprudence Surah 2:282. Even when it comes to inheritance, the Quran favors the male over the female (I may not know why it did so) but it certainly doesn't over the female the same equal terms it offers the male. So, to say otherwise is an exaggeration on your part.

Here, you raised about 4 issues:
1- Women liberation
2- Women travelling without their husband
3- Women testimony
4- Inheritance

LIBERATION
You want to advertise a product just expose a woman's unclothedness even if the product has nothing to do with women
A woman can chose to marry another woman or her animal
Women are free to dress the way they choose even nakedly
Your wife can go anywhere she likes even without your permission etc.
These are what you called liberation?
Did you bother to read history on pre-Islamic era? Let me give you just two
a) Islam corrected the impression of burying female child(read how)
b) Islam corrected the impression of making women dancing nakedly(read history) in public which today you people are now calling back to

WOMEN TRAVELLING WITHOUT HUSBAND/MUHARAM (those that can't marry them)
Islam protects women in various ways and one of those ways is that it forbade women to travel without their husband or those that cannot marry them among males (their family).
A right thinking fellow will know that women are not created to have strength as equal as that of men, so in case of any harms, the man will protect her. If the man is not her husband or that cannot marry her is to accomplish her, the safety of the woman is not guaranteed. There might be sexual harassment and the likes or can you rape your sister?

WOMEN TESTIMONY
This is a portion of the verse you quoted:
(And get two witnesses out of your own men. And if there are not two men (available), then a man and two women, such as you agree for witnesses, so that if one of them (two women) errs, the other can remind her. And the witnesses should not refuse when they are called (for evidence).)
Can you now see that your copy paste only makes you "do as they said." The reason is widely stated but people like you will never comprehend because that is how you have been programmed directly or indirectly.

INHERITANCE
In your village, who provide for the family inter of spending? Please don't tell me you share it between you and your wife even if that is what you practice because it is a shame on any man with that orientation.
The inheritance in Islam is not just because one is a male child and the other one is a female child. Let me give simple assignment and it will show you what exactly Islam aims on the issue of inheritance

A man brought three (3) oranges for his three (3) children, so this man is thinking on how to share it among them. Please advise him

alexis:
Women couldn't vote in these countries as well but they weren't because of religious reasons. That is why there is a separation of church and state in the West. The society evolves and decides that such privileges should be given to all people irrespective of their sex. That is what a pluralistic society is all about - it includes everyone. Islam has some work to do in this regard.

You can save yourself this headache, Islam did not in any way give priority for voting be it a man or woman, we have our own way of government and you cannot tell me to leave the teaching of Islam and adopt man made law. But at that, those countries you mentioned know the importance of protecting the dignity of women and they did not allow them to vote in case there might be commotion. Did you know how you do it in Nigeria? What happen when thugs disrupt voting exercise!!!!

alexis:
Equality before God and the law should be the same whether you are a man or a woman; that is what equality is all about. In Surah 2:228, the Quran teaches that men are above women. In Western Liberalism, men are not above women, men are equal to women in all aspects. The difference between individuals is their pursuit of happiness but they are the same under the law.

I am not arguing this with you!!!!
Yes, in the western world why will man only marry woman? A woman can also marry another woman now.
Another question:
WHO IS THE HEAD OF THE FAMILY? Maybe you need to go back to your social studies. lol

alexis:
Islam teaches that a woman is a full person under the law, and is the spiritual equal of a male. Women have the right to own property, to operate a business, and to receive equal pay for equal work. Women are allowed total control of their wealth. They cannot be married against their will, and they are allowed to keep their own name when married. They have the right to inherit property and to have their marriage dissolved in the case of neglect or mistreatment. Islam does not consider woman an “evil temptress,” and thus does not blame woman for Original Sin (a doctrine that Islam rejects). Women in Islam participate in all forms of worship that men participate in.

I am not debating that women don't have "some" rights in Islam. The issue here is that women is Islam don't have the same rights accorded to men in Islam. The equality laws in Islam are dualistic and not pluralistic. You have one set of laws for men in certain instances and different set of laws for women.

If you did not understand something, you just ask rather than having a conclusion!!!

alexis:
He did say women were unintelligent and lacking in knowledge

Sahih Bukhari 1:6:301
Narrated Abu Said Al-Khudri: Once Allah's Apostle went out to the Musalla (to offer the prayer) o 'Id-al-Adha or Al-Fitr prayer. Then he passed by the women and said, "O women! Give alms, as I have seen that the majority of the dwellers of Hell-fire were you (women)." They asked, "Why is it so, O Allah's Apostle ?" He replied, "You curse frequently and are ungrateful to your husbands. I have not seen anyone more deficient in intelligence and religion than you. A cautious sensible man could be led astray by some of you." The women asked, "O Allah's Apostle! What is deficient in our intelligence and religion?" He said, "Is not the evidence of two women equal to the witness of one man?" They replied in the affirmative. He said, "This is the deficiency in her intelligence. Isn't it true that a woman can neither pray nor fast during her menses?" The women replied in the affirmative. He said, "This is the deficiency in her religion."
Please if you don't know about Islam, don't quote Islam
The prophet has explained what he meant by the deficiency in their intelligent not the one you stated or aimed. Try to digest the hadith
If you want to understand more, let your mother leave with your wife for just a year or less, you will understand more of women's intelligent

alexis:
. Her are the words of Aisha:

Muslim (4:1039) - "A'isha said [to Muhammad]: 'You have made us equal to the dogs and the asses'" These are the words of Muhammad's favorite wife, complaining of the role assigned to women under Islam

There is a lot I can say but I will leave it here for now. I think Islam has contributed some positive values women play under Islamic law but there are ugly history that we have running through the pages of the Quran and Hadith. Over-looking them or playing pretend doesn't help the dialog

As-salamu alaykum

Can you see the cancer copy paste have caused to you? Did you notice the red color? You will never check and research what you read on blackmailing site all you know is that did the information blackmail Islam then you take it.
The hadith is as follows

Book 004, Number 1038:
Masruq reported: It was mentioned before 'A'isha that prayer is invalidated (in case of passing) of a dog, an ass and a woman (before the worshipper, when he is not screened). Upon this 'A'isha said: You likened us to the asses and the dogs. By Allah I saw the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) saying prayer while I lay on the bedstead interposing between him and the Qibla. When I felt the need, I did not like to wit to front (of the Holy Prophet) and perturb the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and quietly moved out from under its (i. e. of the bedstead) legs.
________________________________________
Book 004, Number 1039:
Al-Aswad reported that 'A'isha said: You have made us equal to the dogs and the asses, whereas I lay on the bedstead and the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) came there and stood in the middle of the bedstead and said prayer. I did not like to take off the quilt from me (in that state), so I moved away quietly from the front legs of the bedstead and thus came out of the quilt.
Sahih Bukhari 1:9:493
Narrated 'Aisha: The things which annual prayer were mentioned before me (and those were): a dog, a donkey and a woman. I said, "You have compared us (women) to donkeys and dogs. By Allah! I saw the Prophet praying while I used to lie in (my) bed between him and the Qibla. Whenever I was in need of something, I disliked to sit and trouble the Prophet. So, I would slip away by the side of his feet."
Imagine the incident occure after the death of the prophet when some people were trying to equate women to donkeys and dogs because when those animals pass in front of a man praying, it annuls the prayer and she explain to them that she use to sleep in front of the prophet's prayer and nothing happen to the prophet's prayer. She mentioned this to clarify the matter
I hope you will understand this because there is nothing for you to gain in giving helping hands to blackmailing Islam.
Whether you like it or not, Islam will prevail because it is the acceptable religion by the uncreated creator (ALLAH)
(32. They want to extinguish Allah's Light with their mouths, but Allah will not allow except that His Light should be perfected even though the disbelievers hate (it).) (33. It is He Who has sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth, to make it superior over all religions even though the idolators hate (it).)

ebenice:
what is this one saying?
what is this one saying?

This one is saying:

Dear slow christians Wake Up tomorrow might be too late.

belhomme:
From what you have written or perhaps copied from somewhere, it shows you dont have the slightest clue about the babbles you just pasted. when you dont know about a thing u dont guess you ask to be enlightened.

Will you prove those verses wrong or you want to hide the truth like you fellows always do

CONFESSION ABOUT THE STATUS OF JESUS IN THE CHURCHES
Christians says:
1. Jesus is 100% god nd 100% man...
2. Jesus is god nd son of God at the same time...
3. Jesus is son of God nd son of man at the same time...
4. Mary is the mother of god nd a goddess...
5. Jesus is god in the flesh...
6. Jesus is not actual son of mary, he only passes through her like gate to come into this world...
6. Jesus is man-god nd god-man...
7. Jesus is son of God nd son of mary...
8. Jesus is son of david nd the supposed son of Joseph the carpenter. Matthew 1:1 nd luke 3:23...
9. Jesus is mysterious...
10. Jesus is the second god in the compound of three gods...
11. Jesus is co-equal nd co-eternal wt God...
With the above beliefs of the christians show that they re spiritually in a state of confusion nd they do not exactly kw who Jesus is. The bible says God is not the author of Confusion 1 corinthians 14:33...
While Jesus is an imperfect son of God, and the Qualities of being God not even there for him...
1. Jesus was weak, powerless and dependant... John 5:30...
2. Jesus did not know when the hour will come... Mark 13:32...
3. Jesus could not distinguished whether a fig tree had fruit or not... Matthew 21:18-21...
4. Jesus was over powered by hunger... Matthew 11:19...
5. Jesus slept... Matthew 8:23-24...
6. Jesus prayed for his needs... Matthew 26:39...
7. Jesus could not perfectly healed a man who was blind at his first attempt, until he made the second attempts... Matthew 8:22-25...
8. Jesus wept... John 11:35...
9. Jesus prayed generally for the forgiveness of his sins nd that of his disciples... Matthew 6:9-14...
10. Jesus hide himself from those who wanted to seize him nd kill him... John 11:53-54....
Was he doing all these things in his capacity as the son of the Almighty and perfect God
Dear retarded christians Wake Up tomorrow might be too late.

Myde4naija:
I'm a new guy on nairaland so don't even know how to make friends here, I wish to add some pple I don't know how to go abt it. Eid mubaraq to u too.thanx

My brother may Allah bless us all with Jannatu-li-firdause

Women’s Rights in Islam Surpass Modern Systems

If women in the Muslim World today don’t have their rights, it is not because Islam didn’t give them rights. Alien traditions have overshadowed the teachings of Islam, either through ignorance or the impact of colonialism. Most of the so-called modern reforms in the status of women appeared after the West abandoned religion for secularism. Those in the West who claim to follow the Judeo-Christian tradition really follow the values of Western liberalism.

In England and America less than fifty years ago, a woman could not buy a house or car without the co-signature of a male “guardian”! In Contrast, Islamic Law guaranteed rights to women over 1400 years ago that were unheard of in the West until the 1900s.

Numerous verses of the Quran state that men and women are equal in the site of Allah; the only thing that distinguishes people in His site is their level of God-consciousness.

Islam teaches that a woman is a full person under the law, and is the spiritual equal of a male. Women have the right to own property, to operate a business, and to receive equal pay for equal work. Women are allowed total control of their wealth. They cannot be married against their will, and they are allowed to keep their own name when married. They have the right to inherit property and to have their marriage dissolved in the case of neglect or mistreatment. Islam does not consider woman an “evil temptress,” and thus does not blame woman for Original Sin (a doctrine that Islam rejects). Women in Islam participate in all forms of worship that men participate in.

Prophet Muhammad’s mission stopped many of the horrible practices against women that were present in the society of his time. He actually harnessed the unrestricted polygamy of the Arabs of the time, and put many laws in place to protect the well-being of women. In his Farewell Sermon just weeks before his death, he summarized the teachings of Islam to the believers in a final farewell. His last words were “Be kind to women!”

Thank you and please keep in touch.

By Sahar El-Nadi

Was Maria the Copt a Slave, a Concubine, or a Wife of the Prophet?

Slavery already existed long before Islam. It was a system whereby a human captured in wars or kidnapped could be sold as a “possession.” That term applied to both sexes, not to women only. In some cultures slaves were considered subhuman and treated brutally. In Europe, for example, Romans threw Christian slaves to the lions while the public cheered; female slaves were thought to have no souls and were tortured mercilessly; slaves lived in degrading conditions; both sexes were forced to offer sexual favors to their masters; and as “possessions” they had no choice, no will, and no rights.

Islam recognized the human rights of slaves and encouraged Muslims to set slaves free. Islam prohibited adultery and homosexuality, and prevented forcing female slaves into sexual acts against their will. Islam encouraged educating them, setting them free, then legally marrying them and giving them their moral and financial rights. The reward for this—as mentioned in Prophetic Hadith—is eternal residence in Paradise.

Maria (may Allah be pleased with her) was not a concubine; she was a slave owned by Egypt’s Christian governor, who offered her and her sister Serine—among other presents—as a “gift of good will” to the Prophet in reply to his envoys inviting him to Islam. On her way from Egypt to Madinah, she was curious to learn about “her new master” and listened to his Companions talk about him. As a result, she became Muslim before meeting Muhammad. Scholars’ opinions vary of her status afterwards; here is the opinion I support:

One of the prominent Al-Azhar scholars, Sheikh Abdul Majid Subh, states:

“Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), instead of taking concubines, entered into lawful marriages based on reason and wisdom. Maria the Copt was given to him as a present, but rather than taking her as a concubine, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) married her, thus elevating her status by marriage.”

Can We Consider His Marriage to `A’ishah a Case of Child Molestation?

To answer your speculation, let’s continue our objective trip into the past. Obviously, when traveling back in time 1400 years to examine a lifestyle we never witnessed, it is unfair to apply our present day standards, so let’s listen to the experts. Authentic historical records prove that the social traditions of the time and place—regardless of religion—considered Arab females as women as soon as their menstrual cycles began. The custom was to give daughters in marriage at that age. This was practiced by all dwellers in Arabia before Islam: pagans, disbelievers, Jews, and others. It’s a fact that female menstruation in hot climates starts much earlier than in cold climates, so females in Arabia matured as early as 8 or 9; they also aged earlier than other women.

It’s a neglected fact that before she was married to Muhammad, `A’ishah had been engaged to a disbeliever, Jubair ibn Mus’ab ibn Ady. Her fiancé broke the engagement on the basis of religious difference. So her father, Abu Bakr, agreed to give her hand in marriage to the Prophet.



The Great Wisdom in Selecting `A’ishah in Particular as a Young Wife

`A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) came from a house famous for learning and memorizing great quantities of knowledge; her father was a live encyclopedia of Arab tribal pedigrees and poetry. She inherited his ability, and in her young, intelligent, receptive mind, she preserved a precious portion of Islam she learned during seven years of marriage, for 47 years after the death of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and she taught thousands of men worldwide their religion as she had learned it firsthand from the Prophet. To our present day, she is considered among the most prominent Islamic scholars, and she holds extremely high esteem in the hearts of all Muslims as such and as “the beloved of the Prophet,” who often mentioned her as the human he loved the most on the face of this earth. With her, he built a model Muslim home for Muslims to strive to imitate forever.