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Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri - Culture (9) - Nairaland

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Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 8:24am On Jan 17, 2017
lawani:


DESPITE IGBOS NOT SHARING BORDER WITH YORUBA, THE TWO GROUPS SHARE A HUGE NUMBER OF WORDS. THE SHARED WORDS ARE VERY MANY AND THE GBOGBO IS ONE OF THEM

GBO MEANS ALL IN BOTH TONGUES
OKUTA MEANS STONE
OKA MEANS MAIZE
GIRIPA OR DIMKPA IS ADULT MALE
IGBA MEANS TIME
AGBALA MEANS COURTYARD
AKUKO OR OKUKO MEANS COCK
EWU OR EWURE IS GOAT
SO IS SUO MEANS SAY
ULO AKWUKWO IS ILE EKO SCHOOL

THERE ARE MANY SUCH WORDS. QUESTION NOW IS HOW DID OYOS MANAGE TO RETAIN GBO AS ALL WHILE THE GROUPS NEAREST TO IGBOS USE DEDE? THAT IS AN ACADEMIC QUESTION. I HOPE YOU SEE THE POINT!
google this research done by globalpeacearithmetic:HOW YORUBA COLONISED IGBO PRE-COLONIAL TIMES. you will see was the reason for the similarities.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by bigfrancis21: 9:33pm On Jan 17, 2017
Olu317:
google this research done by globalpeacearithmetic:HOW YORUBA COLONISED IGBO PRE-COLONIAL TIMES. you will see was the reason for the similarities.

This is false for so many reasons. First, carbon dating evidence reveals that Nri civilization is the oldest civilization in southern Nigeria, coming into existence 300 years before Ife, the first Yoruba civilization around the 1200s. Second Olukwumi people who are settlers settled in delta Igboland in as recently as the 18th century - many centuries after Igbos had been settled in their area. There is no evidence of cultural exchange to the east via olukwumi speaking people. Infact majority of them have been assimilated into the Igbo culture. Third, there's not a slight evidence of Yoruba colonization in Igbo land. Come off it. Igbo as a tribal name has been in use since as early as the beginning of the slave trade around the 16th century. Several slave records and documents prove this. Igbo slaves were known as Eboe, Heeboe etc. in the Americas as early as the 16th century. Olaudah Equiano, an ex Igbo slave, in his memoir written in the 1700s referred to his people as 'eboe'. Several Igbo town names in existence for many centuries bear 'Igbo' in them such as Igbo Ukwu (Anambra state), Igboere (Abia state) etc. Igbo is one southern Nigerian tribe that includes its tribal name in its village names and also personal names (Igboamaeze, Igbogekwu, etc). Fourth, Yoruba survival in the Caribbean was not of any special happenstance but instead due to the fact that Yoruba was the last or among the last ethnic groups to be sold into slavery, towards the abolishment of slavery by the British, that is in as recently as the 19th century or around the 1800s. The British abolished first in 1807 however slavery continued along the shores of West Africa freely. The British, who preferred Igbo, Akan, Congolese slaves etc., by this time no longer traded in slaves nor sent slave ships to West Africa but the Portuguese especially continued buying slaves, rather secretly in the night, from west African ports. This explains why the Yoruba slave descendants till today are mostly found in Latin America (spanish and portuguese speaking countries such as Brazil, Cuba etc). The Oyo wars going on at this time provided the bulk of slaves (mostly war captives) leaving west Africa. It was also during this time that desertification of Ketu village by Dahomean women warriors took place and no less than 20,000 Ketu Yorubas were sold into slavery by Dahomey. Ketu village was left scanty for many decades, only repopulated recently. It was not until 1833 that the British enforced the abolishment of slave trade by intercepting slave ships leaving the shores of West Africa and dropping these slaves off in nearby towns such as Freetown in Sierra Leone or returning them back to Lagos. Yorubas who made it to Latin America met descendants of other tribes who had been stripped off their names and identity during the peak and enforcement of slavery laws and had long forgotten their connection to Africa. The Yorubas, still being fresh from Africa, were still strongly connected with their tradition and religion and also slavery laws had begun to weaken in Latin America, slavery was coming to an end, and slaves were allowed more freedom of worship and association. Thus, the Yoruba language and religion, being the last to arrive Latin america, survived as a matter of favorable times and conditions. Majority of these Yoruba slaves were born in Africa and many still remembered where they came from such that many years after, some of them returned back to Yorubaland (Agudas), especially when the Oba of Lagos at that time declared the borders of Lagos open to Yoruba returnees. These Yoruba returnees came back with foreign last names, a few of them later changed their last names to Yoruba names. Some of these returnees returned to Sierra Leone where some settled and a small percentage came back to Lagos (Saros). However, for majority of the slaves or descendants of other tribes, many were local-born in Latin America and were unable to trace exactly where their ancestors were taken from though they may have known the tribe but the actual village many did not know.

However, given the favorable circumstances surrounding the Yoruba middle passage, one would wonder why the Yoruba language did not survive as a living language among Yoruba descendants in places like Brazil? Given that these slaves had arrived at a time when freedom of worship and association were allowed to slaves unlike 50 to 100 years earlier. Lukumi, the old Yoruba dialect, remains a liturgical language used during Ifa worship just as Latin is sometimes used in Catholic worship but it is not spoken natively by anybody in these countries. Also, mostly the Ifa priests tend to understand/know the meaning behind lukumi verses and most of the Ifa worshipers do not understand what is being said, except if the worship is conducted in Portuguese as it is sometimes done.

To slaves from other tribes (such as Fon, Akan, Ga, Congolese, Igbo, Efiks etc) in Latin America, the arrival of Yoruba slaves and the introduction of their religion was highly welcome as it served as their major re-connection to mama africa, even till now. Ifa religion accommodates members from other tribes and non-africans, and not all practitioners are necessarily of Yoruba descent. Till today some blacks in the Latin American diaspora especially, who may not necessarily be of Yoruba descent, try to reconnect to mama Africa and the Yoruba religion is often the first African religion they encounter. For former British slave colonies, or English-speaking Latin and Caribbean countries such as United States, Jamaica, Belize, Guyana, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Vincent etc. and Haiti (french speaking) the British preferred Igbo, Akan and Congolese slaves and these 3 groups form the majority of slave descent in these countries.

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Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 10:10pm On Jan 17, 2017
bigfrancis21:


This is false for so many reasons. First, carbon dating evidence reveals that Nri civilization is the oldest civilization in southern Nigeria, coming into existence 300 years before Ife, the first Yoruba civilization around the 1200s. Second Olukwumi people who are settlers settled in delta Igboland in as recently as the 18th century - many centuries after Igbos had been settled in their area. There is no evidence of cultural exchange to the east via olukwumi speaking people. Infact majority of them have been assimilated into the Igbo culture. Third, there's not a slight evidence of Yoruba colonization in Igbo land. Come off it. Igbo as a tribal name has been in use since as early as the beginning of the slave trade around the 16th century. Several slave records and documents prove this. Several Igbo town names in existence for many centuries bear 'Igbo' in them such as Igbo Ukwu (Anambra state), Igboere (Abia state) etc. Fourth, Yoruba survival in the Caribbean was not of any special happening but instead due to the fact that Yoruba was the last or among the last ethnic groups to be sold into slavery, towards the abolishment of slavery by the British, that is in as recently as the 19th century or around the 1800s. The British abolished first in 1807 however slavery continued along the shores of West Africa freely. The British no longer traded in slaves nor sent slave ships to west africa but the Portuguese especially continued buying slaves, rather secretly, from west African ports. The Oyo wars going on at this time provided the bulk of slaves leaving west Africa. It was also during this time that desertification of Ketu village by Dahomean warriors took place and no less than 20,000 Ketu Yorubas were sold into slavery by Dahomey. Ketu village was left scanty for many decades, only repopulated recently.
YOU DONT EVEN KNOW THE STORY MISTER MAN. DO MORE RESEARCH AND KNOW WHERE SOME YORUBA WERE CAPTURED DUE COLLAPSE OF OYO EMPIRE. WE HAVE PAID OUR DUES AS GREAT KINGDOMS WHAT DO YOU IBOS HAVE TO SHOW? and does it mean your Nri were the first settlers of human habitat? the oldest place where human (homo) habitat with skeleton to proof it was found in Yoruba land as far as Nigeria is concerned. So do your findings very well. Stop peddling wrong information on a social media as big as this FORUM.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by bigfrancis21: 10:12pm On Jan 17, 2017
Olu317:
YOU DONT EVEN KNOW THE STORY YOUNG MAN. DO MORE RESEARCH AND KNOW WHERE SOME YORUBA WERE CAPTURED DUE COLLAPSE OF OYO EMPIRE. WE HAVE PAID OUR DUES AS GREAT KINGDOMS WHAT DO YOU IBOS HAVE TO SHOW? and does it mean your Nri were the first settlers of human habitat? the oldest place where human (homo) habitat with skeleton to proof it was found in Yoruba land as far as Nigeria is concerned. So do your findings very well. Stop peddling wrong information on a social media as big as this FORUM.

I added more information to my post. Re-read it again. Unlike you I speak from facts, not from some-made up fantasy in my head.

And this is not a comparison of tribal historical feats for such is inane. I tell history the way it is.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 10:18pm On Jan 17, 2017
bigfrancis21:


This is false for so many reasons. First, carbon dating evidence reveals that Nri civilization is the oldest civilization in southern Nigeria, coming into existence 300 years before Ife, the first Yoruba civilization around the 1200s. Second Olukwumi people who are settlers settled in delta Igboland in as recently as the 18th century - many centuries after Igbos had been settled in their area. There is no evidence of cultural exchange to the east via olukwumi speaking people. Infact majority of them have been assimilated into the Igbo culture. Third, there's not a slight evidence of Yoruba colonization in Igbo land. Come off it. Igbo as a tribal name has been in use since as early as the beginning of the slave trade around the 16th century. Several slave records and documents prove this. Several Igbo town names in existence for many centuries bear 'Igbo' in them such as Igbo Ukwu (Anambra state), Igboere (Abia state) etc. Fourth, Yoruba survival in the Caribbean was not of any special happening but instead due to the fact that Yoruba was the last or among the last ethnic groups to be sold into slavery, towards the abolishment of slavery by the British, that is in as recently as the 19th century or around the 1800s. The British abolished first in 1807 however slavery continued along the shores of West Africa freely. The British no longer traded in slaves nor sent slave ships to West Africa but the Portuguese especially continued buying slaves, rather secretly in the night, from west African ports. This explains why the Yoruba slave descendants till today are mostly found in Latin America (spanish and portuguese speaking countries such as Brazil, Cuba etc). The Oyo wars going on at this time provided the bulk of slaves leaving west Africa. It was also during this time that desertification of Ketu village by Dahomean warriors took place and no less than 20,000 Ketu Yorubas were sold into slavery by Dahomey. Ketu village was left scanty for many decades, only repopulated recently. It was not until 1833 that the British enforced the the abolishment of slave trade by intercepting slave ships leaving the shores for West Africa and dropping these slaves off in nearby towns such as Freetown in sierra leone. Yorubas who made it to Latin America met descendants of other tribes who had been stripped off their names and identity during the peak and enforcement of slavery laws and had long forgotten their connection to Africa. The Yorubas, still being fresh from Africa, were still strongly connected with their tradition and religion and also slavery laws had begun to weaken in Latin America, slavery was coming to an end, and slaves were allowed more freedom or worship and association. Thus, the Yoruba language and religion, being the last to arrive Latin america, survived as a matter of favorable times and conditions. Majority of these Yoruba slaves were born in Africa and many still remembered where they came from such that many years after, some of them returned back to Yorubaland (Agudas), especially when the Oba of Lagos at that time declared the borders of Lagos open to Yoruba returnees. These Yoruba returnees came back with foreign last names, a few of them later changed their last names to Yoruba names. Some of these returnees returned to Sierra Leone where some settled and a small percentage came back to Lagos (Saros). However, for majority of the slaves or descendants of other tribes, many were local-born in Latin America and were unable to trace exactly where their ancestors were taken from though they may have known the tribe but the actual village many did not know.

However, given the favorable circumstances surrounding the Yoruba middle passage, one would wonder why the language did not survive as a living language among Yoruba descendants in places like Brazil? Given that these slaves had arrived at a time when freedom of worship and association were allowed to slaves unlike 50 to 100 years earlier. Lukumi, the old Yoruba dialect, remains a liturgical language used during Ifa worship just as Latin is sometimes used in Catholic worship but it is not spoken natively by anybody in these countries. Also, mostly the Ifa priests tend to understand/know the meaning behind lukumi verses and most of the Ifa worshipers do not understand what is being said, except if the worship is conducted in Portuguese as it is sometimes done.

For other tribes, the arrival of Yoruba slaves and the introduction of their religion was highly welcome as it served as their major re-connection to mama africa, even till now. Ifa religion accommodates members from other tribes and non-africans, and not all practitioners are necessarily of Yoruba descent. Till today some blacks in the Latin American diaspora especially, who may not necessarily be of Yoruba descent, try to reconnect to mama africa and the Yoruba religion is often the first they encounter. For former British slave colonies, or English-speaking Latin and Caribbean countries such as United States, Jamaica, Belize, Guyana, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Vincent etc. and Haiti (french speaking) the British preferred Igbo, Akan and Congolese slaves and these 3 groups form the majority of slave descent in these countries.
Get your facts very well. The first settlement in and around ILE IFE WAS AROUND 6BC.PROPER URBANISATION WAS AROUND 1000AD. Did they tell you that the whole of ILE IFE WAS TESTED? NO! not all was tested.....

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Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 10:19pm On Jan 17, 2017
bigfrancis21:


This is false for so many reasons. First, carbon dating evidence reveals that Nri civilization is the oldest civilization in southern Nigeria, coming into existence 300 years before Ife, the first Yoruba civilization around the 1200s. Second Olukwumi people who are settlers settled in delta Igboland in as recently as the 18th century - many centuries after Igbos had been settled in their area. There is no evidence of cultural exchange to the east via olukwumi speaking people. Infact majority of them have been assimilated into the Igbo culture. Third, there's not a slight evidence of Yoruba colonization in Igbo land. Come off it. Igbo as a tribal name has been in use since as early as the beginning of the slave trade around the 16th century. Several slave records and documents prove this. Igbo slaves were known as Eboe, Heeboe etc. in the Americas as early as the 16th century. Olaudah Equiano, an ex Igbo slave, in his memoir written in the 1700s referred to his people as 'eboe'. Several Igbo town names in existence for many centuries bear 'Igbo' in them such as Igbo Ukwu (Anambra state), Igboere (Abia state) etc. Igbo is one southern Nigerian tribe that includes its tribal name in its village names and also personal names (Igboamaeze, Igbogekwu, etc). Fourth, Yoruba survival in the Caribbean was not of any special happenstance but instead due to the fact that Yoruba was the last or among the last ethnic groups to be sold into slavery, towards the abolishment of slavery by the British, that is in as recently as the 19th century or around the 1800s. The British abolished first in 1807 however slavery continued along the shores of West Africa freely. The British no longer traded in slaves nor sent slave ships to West Africa but the Portuguese especially continued buying slaves, rather secretly in the night, from west African ports. This explains why the Yoruba slave descendants till today are mostly found in Latin America (spanish and portuguese speaking countries such as Brazil, Cuba etc). The Oyo wars going on at this time provided the bulk of slaves (mostly war captives) leaving west Africa. It was also during this time that desertification of Ketu village by Dahomean warriors took place and no less than 20,000 Ketu Yorubas were sold into slavery by Dahomey. Ketu village was left scanty for many decades, only repopulated recently. It was not until 1833 that the British enforced the the abolishment of slave trade by intercepting slave ships leaving the shores for West Africa and dropping these slaves off in nearby towns such as Freetown in sierra leone. Yorubas who made it to Latin America met descendants of other tribes who had been stripped off their names and identity during the peak and enforcement of slavery laws and had long forgotten their connection to Africa. The Yorubas, still being fresh from Africa, were still strongly connected with their tradition and religion and also slavery laws had begun to weaken in Latin America, slavery was coming to an end, and slaves were allowed more freedom or worship and association. Thus, the Yoruba language and religion, being the last to arrive Latin america, survived as a matter of favorable times and conditions. Majority of these Yoruba slaves were born in Africa and many still remembered where they came from such that many years after, some of them returned back to Yorubaland (Agudas), especially when the Oba of Lagos at that time declared the borders of Lagos open to Yoruba returnees. These Yoruba returnees came back with foreign last names, a few of them later changed their last names to Yoruba names. Some of these returnees returned to Sierra Leone where some settled and a small percentage came back to Lagos (Saros). However, for majority of the slaves or descendants of other tribes, many were local-born in Latin America and were unable to trace exactly where their ancestors were taken from though they may have known the tribe but the actual village many did not know.

However, given the favorable circumstances surrounding the Yoruba middle passage, one would wonder why the language did not survive as a living language among Yoruba descendants in places like Brazil? Given that these slaves had arrived at a time when freedom of worship and association were allowed to slaves unlike 50 to 100 years earlier. Lukumi, the old Yoruba dialect, remains a liturgical language used during Ifa worship just as Latin is sometimes used in Catholic worship but it is not spoken natively by anybody in these countries. Also, mostly the Ifa priests tend to understand/know the meaning behind lukumi verses and most of the Ifa worshipers do not understand what is being said, except if the worship is conducted in Portuguese as it is sometimes done.

For other tribes, the arrival of Yoruba slaves and the introduction of their religion was highly welcome as it served as their major re-connection to mama africa, even till now. Ifa religion accommodates members from other tribes and non-africans, and not all practitioners are necessarily of Yoruba descent. Till today some blacks in the Latin American diaspora especially, who may not necessarily be of Yoruba descent, try to reconnect to mama Africa and the Yoruba religion is often the first they encounter. For former British slave colonies, or English-speaking Latin and Caribbean countries such as United States, Jamaica, Belize, Guyana, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Vincent etc. and Haiti (french speaking) the British preferred Igbo, Akan and Congolese slaves and these 3 groups form the majority of slave descent in these countries.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by bigfrancis21: 10:23pm On Jan 17, 2017
Olu317:
Get your facts very well. The first settlement in and around ILE IFE WAS AROUND 6BC.PROPER URBANISATION WAS AROUND 1000AD. Did they tell you that the whole of ILE IFE WAS TESTED? NO! not all was tested.....

The last time I checked there was no concrete evidence for this, only peddled around by Yoruba history revisionists or found on pro-yoruba websites. Official records put the start of Ife civilization realistically around the 12th century.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 10:31pm On Jan 17, 2017
bigfrancis21:


This is false for so many reasons. First, carbon dating evidence reveals that Nri civilization is the oldest civilization in southern Nigeria, coming into existence 300 years before Ife, the first Yoruba civilization around the 1200s. Second Olukwumi people who are settlers settled in delta Igboland in as recently as the 18th century - many centuries after Igbos had been settled in their area. There is no evidence of cultural exchange to the east via olukwumi speaking people. Infact majority of them have been assimilated into the Igbo culture. Third, there's not a slight evidence of Yoruba colonization in Igbo land. Come off it. Igbo as a tribal name has been in use since as early as the beginning of the slave trade around the 16th century. Several slave records and documents prove this. Igbo slaves were known as Eboe, Heeboe etc. in the Americas as early as the 16th century. Olaudah Equiano, an ex Igbo slave, in his memoir written in the 1700s referred to his people as 'eboe'. Several Igbo town names in existence for many centuries bear 'Igbo' in them such as Igbo Ukwu (Anambra state), Igboere (Abia state) etc. Igbo is one southern Nigerian tribe that includes its tribal name in its village names and also personal names (Igboamaeze, Igbogekwu, etc). Fourth, Yoruba survival in the Caribbean was not of any special happenstance but instead due to the fact that Yoruba was the last or among the last ethnic groups to be sold into slavery, towards the abolishment of slavery by the British, that is in as recently as the 19th century or around the 1800s. The British abolished first in 1807 however slavery continued along the shores of West Africa freely. The British no longer traded in slaves nor sent slave ships to West Africa but the Portuguese especially continued buying slaves, rather secretly in the night, from west African ports. This explains why the Yoruba slave descendants till today are mostly found in Latin America (spanish and portuguese speaking countries such as Brazil, Cuba etc). The Oyo wars going on at this time provided the bulk of slaves (mostly war captives) leaving west Africa. It was also during this time that desertification of Ketu village by Dahomean warriors took place and no less than 20,000 Ketu Yorubas were sold into slavery by Dahomey. Ketu village was left scanty for many decades, only repopulated recently. It was not until 1833 that the British enforced the the abolishment of slave trade by intercepting slave ships leaving the shores for West Africa and dropping these slaves off in nearby towns such as Freetown in sierra leone. Yorubas who made it to Latin America met descendants of other tribes who had been stripped off their names and identity during the peak and enforcement of slavery laws and had long forgotten their connection to Africa. The Yorubas, still being fresh from Africa, were still strongly connected with their tradition and religion and also slavery laws had begun to weaken in Latin America, slavery was coming to an end, and slaves were allowed more freedom or worship and association. Thus, the Yoruba language and religion, being the last to arrive Latin america, survived as a matter of favorable times and conditions. Majority of these Yoruba slaves were born in Africa and many still remembered where they came from such that many years after, some of them returned back to Yorubaland (Agudas), especially when the Oba of Lagos at that time declared the borders of Lagos open to Yoruba returnees. These Yoruba returnees came back with foreign last names, a few of them later changed their last names to Yoruba names. Some of these returnees returned to Sierra Leone where some settled and a small percentage came back to Lagos (Saros). However, for majority of the slaves or descendants of other tribes, many were local-born in Latin America and were unable to trace exactly where their ancestors were taken from though they may have known the tribe but the actual village many did not know.

However, given the favorable circumstances surrounding the Yoruba middle passage, one would wonder why the language did not survive as a living language among Yoruba descendants in places like Brazil? Given that these slaves had arrived at a time when freedom of worship and association were allowed to slaves unlike 50 to 100 years earlier. Lukumi, the old Yoruba dialect, remains a liturgical language used during Ifa worship just as Latin is sometimes used in Catholic worship but it is not spoken natively by anybody in these countries. Also, mostly the Ifa priests tend to understand/know the meaning behind lukumi verses and most of the Ifa worshipers do not understand what is being said, except if the worship is conducted in Portuguese as it is sometimes done.

For other tribes, the arrival of Yoruba slaves and the introduction of their religion was highly welcome as it served as their major re-connection to mama africa, even till now. Ifa religion accommodates members from other tribes and non-africans, and not all practitioners are necessarily of Yoruba descent. Till today some blacks in the Latin American diaspora especially, who may not necessarily be of Yoruba descent, try to reconnect to mama Africa and the Yoruba religion is often the first they encounter. For former British slave colonies, or English-speaking Latin and Caribbean countries such as United States, Jamaica, Belize, Guyana, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Vincent etc. and Haiti (french speaking) the British preferred Igbo, Akan and Congolese slaves and these 3 groups form the majority of slave descent in these countries.
Who told you the language didn't survive? Why then do they kept coming back to festival like Olokun or Osun Oshogbo? OR PAYING HOMAGE TO OONI OR ALAAFIN. It is true that not all IFA WORSHIPPERS IN DIASPORA ARE OF YORUBA DESCENDANTS BUT WHY DON'T THEY ACKNOWLEDGE IBOS ETHNICITY?, PLACE LIKE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CAN BE CONTESTED MANY AFRICANS ETHNIC GROUPS BUT OTHER PART OF AMERICAS? IT IS LARGELY IMPOSSIBLE. FROM CUBA TO TRIDAD TO JAMAICA TO CHILE TO COLOMBIA TO BRAZIL ETC, YORUBA ARE STRONGLY IDENTIFIED AMONGST THEM DURING THE SLAVE TRADE ERA BECAUSE OF THEIR PHYSICAL STRENGTH AND LEADERSHIP QUALITIES.

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Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 10:37pm On Jan 17, 2017
bigfrancis21:


This is false for so many reasons. First, carbon dating evidence reveals that Nri civilization is the oldest civilization in southern Nigeria, coming into existence 300 years before Ife, the first Yoruba civilization around the 1200s. Second Olukwumi people who are settlers settled in delta Igboland in as recently as the 18th century - many centuries after Igbos had been settled in their area. There is no evidence of cultural exchange to the east via olukwumi speaking people. Infact majority of them have been assimilated into the Igbo culture. Third, there's not a slight evidence of Yoruba colonization in Igbo land. Come off it. Igbo as a tribal name has been in use since as early as the beginning of the slave trade around the 16th century. Several slave records and documents prove this. Igbo slaves were known as Eboe, Heeboe etc. in the Americas as early as the 16th century. Olaudah Equiano, an ex Igbo slave, in his memoir written in the 1700s referred to his people as 'eboe'. Several Igbo town names in existence for many centuries bear 'Igbo' in them such as Igbo Ukwu (Anambra state), Igboere (Abia state) etc. Igbo is one southern Nigerian tribe that includes its tribal name in its village names and also personal names (Igboamaeze, Igbogekwu, etc). Fourth, Yoruba survival in the Caribbean was not of any special happenstance but instead due to the fact that Yoruba was the last or among the last ethnic groups to be sold into slavery, towards the abolishment of slavery by the British, that is in as recently as the 19th century or around the 1800s. The British abolished first in 1807 however slavery continued along the shores of West Africa freely. The British no longer traded in slaves nor sent slave ships to West Africa but the Portuguese especially continued buying slaves, rather secretly in the night, from west African ports. This explains why the Yoruba slave descendants till today are mostly found in Latin America (spanish and portuguese speaking countries such as Brazil, Cuba etc). The Oyo wars going on at this time provided the bulk of slaves (mostly war captives) leaving west Africa. It was also during this time that desertification of Ketu village by Dahomean warriors took place and no less than 20,000 Ketu Yorubas were sold into slavery by Dahomey. Ketu village was left scanty for many decades, only repopulated recently. It was not until 1833 that the British enforced the the abolishment of slave trade by intercepting slave ships leaving the shores for West Africa and dropping these slaves off in nearby towns such as Freetown in Sierra Leone or returning them back to Lagos. Yorubas who made it to Latin America met descendants of other tribes who had been stripped off their names and identity during the peak and enforcement of slavery laws and had long forgotten their connection to Africa. The Yorubas, still being fresh from Africa, were still strongly connected with their tradition and religion and also slavery laws had begun to weaken in Latin America, slavery was coming to an end, and slaves were allowed more freedom of worship and association. Thus, the Yoruba language and religion, being the last to arrive Latin america, survived as a matter of favorable times and conditions. Majority of these Yoruba slaves were born in Africa and many still remembered where they came from such that many years after, some of them returned back to Yorubaland (Agudas), especially when the Oba of Lagos at that time declared the borders of Lagos open to Yoruba returnees. These Yoruba returnees came back with foreign last names, a few of them later changed their last names to Yoruba names. Some of these returnees returned to Sierra Leone where some settled and a small percentage came back to Lagos (Saros). However, for majority of the slaves or descendants of other tribes, many were local-born in Latin America and were unable to trace exactly where their ancestors were taken from though they may have known the tribe but the actual village many did not know.

However, given the favorable circumstances surrounding the Yoruba middle passage, one would wonder why the language did not survive as a living language among Yoruba descendants in places like Brazil? Given that these slaves had arrived at a time when freedom of worship and association were allowed to slaves unlike 50 to 100 years earlier. Lukumi, the old Yoruba dialect, remains a liturgical language used during Ifa worship just as Latin is sometimes used in Catholic worship but it is not spoken natively by anybody in these countries. Also, mostly the Ifa priests tend to understand/know the meaning behind lukumi verses and most of the Ifa worshipers do not understand what is being said, except if the worship is conducted in Portuguese as it is sometimes done.

To slaves from other tribes (such as Fon, Akan, Ga, Congolese, Igbo, Efiks etc) in Latin America, the arrival of Yoruba slaves and the introduction of their religion was highly welcome as it served as their major re-connection to mama africa, even till now. Ifa religion accommodates members from other tribes and non-africans, and not all practitioners are necessarily of Yoruba descent. Till today some blacks in the Latin American diaspora especially, who may not necessarily be of Yoruba descent, try to reconnect to mama Africa and the Yoruba religion is often the first African religion they encounter. For former British slave colonies, or English-speaking Latin and Caribbean countries such as United States, Jamaica, Belize, Guyana, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Vincent etc. and Haiti (french speaking) the British preferred Igbo, Akan and Congolese slaves and these 3 groups form the majority of slave descent in these countries.
GO AND GOOGLE CARLOTA OF CUBA. YOU WILL SEE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN YORUBA AND THE REST OF YOU ALL EITHER AS FEMALE OR MAKE . WE ARE A PEOPLE WHO BELIEVE IN IMMORTALITY. THIS THE REASON WE TRY TO DO THE UNTHINKABLE. HAS ANYONE OF STOCK DONE ANYTHING CLOSE TO HER HISTORY?

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Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 10:41pm On Jan 17, 2017
bigfrancis21:


The last time I checked there was no concrete evidence for this, only peddled around by Yoruba history revisionists or found on pro-yoruba websites. Official records put the start of Ife civilization realistically around the 12th century.
it was even a Yoruba scientific discovery. Get your facts right bro. I dont emotionalise everything. I do research before I inform. I didn't want to give the exact location earlier but I will give a clue .The oldest human skeleton discovered in West Africa was in Ondo state. A Yoruba state ofcourse. so do your findings again and again. You will see the facts before you

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Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by bigfrancis21: 10:44pm On Jan 17, 2017
Olu317:
GO AND GOOGLE CARLOTA OF CUBA. YOU WILL SEE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN YORUBA AND THE REST OF YOU ALL EITHER AS FEMALE OR MAKE . WE ARE A PEOPLE WHO BELIEVE IN IMMORTALITY. THIS THE REASON WE TRY TO DO THE UNTHINKABLE. HAS ANYONE OF STOCK DONE ANYTHING CLOSE TO HER HISTORY?

How is this of any relation to the discourse at hand?

Just in case you know, Nat Turner, believed to be an Igbo, led one of the biggest slave rebellions in US history. https://newafrikan77./2015/06/23/the-ballard-of-nat-turner-igbo-warrior-spirit/
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by bigfrancis21: 10:45pm On Jan 17, 2017
Olu317:
it was even a Yoruba scientific discovery. Get your facts right bro. I dont emotionalise everything. I do research before I inform. I didn't want to give the exact location earlier but I will give a clue .The oldest human skeleton discovered was in Ondo state. A Yoruba state ofcourse. so do your findings again and again. You will see the facts before you

Provide evidence for this. Like I said, the last time I checked there was no concrete evidence for that.

By evidence I mean, researched and published evidence of foreign or international origin, not by a Yoruba person.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 10:49pm On Jan 17, 2017
bigfrancis21:


I added more information to my post. Re-read it again. Unlike you I speak from facts, not from some-made up fantasy in my head.

And this is not a comparison of tribal historical feats for such is inane. I tell history the way it is.
Who told you it was KETOU OR KETU KING GEZO RAIDED SECRETLY WHEN OYO COLLAPSE DUE AFONJA TREASON ? WHAT DID THE EGBA/ EGBADO/ IJEBU DID TO THEM WHEN YORUBA REORGANISE THEMSELVES? FACT DON'T LIE. GET YOUR FACT CORRECTLY. EVEN ABOMEY DAHOMEY KINGDOM WAS FOUNDED BY YORUBA DESCENDANTS OF AJA AND THE ABORIGINES. SO GET YOUR FACT CORRECTLY .IT ISNT ABOUT EGO BUT TRUTH BECAUSE OF READERS. DONT MISINFORM.

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Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by bigfrancis21: 10:54pm On Jan 17, 2017
Olu317:
Who told you it was KETOU OR KETU KING GEZO RAIDED SECRETLY WHEN OYO COLLAPSE DUE AFONJA TREASON ? WHAT DID THE EGBA/ EGBADO/ IJEBU DID TO THEM WHEN YORUBA REORGANISE THEMSELVES? FACT DON'T LIE. GET YOUR FACT CORRECTLY. EVEN ABOMEY DAHOMEY KINGDOM WAS FOUNDED BY YORUBA DESCENDANTS OF AJA AND THE ABORIGINES. SO GET YOUR FACT CORRECTLY .IT ISNT ABOUT EGO BUT TRUTH BECAUSE OF READERS. DONT MISINFORM.

Well history has it that Ketu was ambushed and attacked by night and the entire village sacked, pillaged and burned by Dahomey women. Many were killed and the rest, no less than 20,000 of them, were sold into slavery as war captives. Till today, it is often said that the traditional Ketu native rites for their god has been lost as the people who knew how to recite the rites were all sold into slavery. Ketu was only repopulated in recent times.

It is not about rewriting history to make yourself look great in the past. You can't pick and choose what you want to believe about history. Oyo was a great kingdom and Dahomey often paid tribute to it but Dahomey later fought for its independence and one of its victories against the Oyo empire was the destruction of Ketu. Dahomey amazonians unsuccessfully tried to attack Egba which did not go down well for them.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 10:54pm On Jan 17, 2017
bigfrancis21:


Provide evidence for this. Like I said, the last time I checked there was no concrete evidence for that.

By evidence I mean, researched and published evidence of foreign or international origin, not by a Yoruba person.
it wasn't a Yoruba scientific research I meant .So I have given you a clue. I thought you are widely read. Nri history I am acquitted with. So go through the Lee way I have given You .it is begging for you to add more to your knowledge.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by bigfrancis21: 10:58pm On Jan 17, 2017
Olu317:
it wasn't a Yoruba scientific research I meant .So I have given you a clue. I thought you are widely read. Nri history I am acquitted with. So go through the Lee way I have given You .it is begging for you to add more to your knowledge.

You still haven't proven any point yet, and the oldest human skull, by the way, was found in Ethiopia.

No evidence, no point made by you.

The oldest known fossils of modern humans have been discovered in Herto, Ethiopia. An international team led by researchers from the University of California, Berkeley, found the skulls of two adults and a child dating from 160,000 years ago - 40,000 years earlier than the previous oldest remains of Homo sapiens.

The discovery, described today in the journal Nature, fills a big gap in the human fossil record; the absence of accurately dated hominid remains in Africa between 120,000 and 300,000 years ago.
Is Homo floresiensis a dwarf Homo erectus, the product of local evolution that has taken place over a period of at least 840,000 years in a confined habitat?
http://www.bradshawfoundation.com/herto_skulls.php
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 10:59pm On Jan 17, 2017
bigfrancis21:


Well history has it that the entire Ketu was attacked by night and the entire village sacked, pillaged and burned. Many were killed and the rest, no less than 20,000 of them, were sold into slavery as war captives. Till today, it is often said that the traditional Ketu native rites for the god has been lost as the people who knew how to recite the rites were all sold into slavery. Ketu was only repopulated in recent times.
grandeur lies. I am not interested in this bias view. In 1860s the same Dahomey AMAZON of king Gezzo was chased by the Egbas beyond their territory(dahomey). Stop peddling false info. This was done after few years the suburb of ketu was raided because they were just citizens engaged in farming without military camps. So I hope I have informed you.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 11:05pm On Jan 17, 2017
bigfrancis21:


You still haven't proven any point yet, and the oldest human skull, by the way, was found in Ethiopia.

No evidence, no point made by you.


http://www.bradshawfoundation.com/herto_skulls.php
try again. I didn't say in Africa but in Nigeria. If I dont inform without knowing my fact. I have given the clue, the state. Do you want me to tel you the kingdom? That is why I do more research to learn and get acquainted with the truth as it stand. Leave Ethiopia, apart from Ethiopia,skull was found in South Africa that is very old as well. But I am referring to Nigeria and it is in Yoruba land. As simple as ABC.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by bigfrancis21: 12:47am On Jan 18, 2017
Olu317:
grandeur lies. I am not interested in this bias view. In 1860s the same Dahomey AMAZON of king Gezzo was chased by the Egbas beyond their territory(dahomey). Stop peddling false info. This was done after few years the suburb of ketu was raided because they were just citizens engaged in farming without military camps. So I hope I have informed you.

Revision history as usual.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by lawani: 3:59am On Jan 18, 2017
Olu317:
YOU DONT EVEN KNOW THE STORY MISTER MAN. DO MORE RESEARCH AND KNOW WHERE SOME YORUBA WERE CAPTURED DUE COLLAPSE OF OYO EMPIRE. WE HAVE PAID OUR DUES AS GREAT KINGDOMS WHAT DO YOU IBOS HAVE TO SHOW? and does it mean your Nri were the first settlers of human habitat? the oldest place where human (homo) habitat with skeleton to proof it was found in Yoruba land as far as Nigeria is concerned. So do your findings very well. Stop peddling wrong information on a social media as big as this FORUM.

THE SPANISH AND PORTUGUESE ARRIVED ON THE WEST AFRICAN COAST LATE 15TH CENTURY TO MEET PEOPLE THERE AS VERY ADVANCED. THEY RELATED AS EQUALS. I MEAN THE YORUBA HELD WEST AFRICAN COAST. YORUBA WENT TO SOUTH AMERICA AND EUROPE WITH THEM AND YORUBAS DEFINITELY WERE IN SOUTH AMERICA BEFORE NATIONS LIKE BRITAIN AND GERMANY. IF IGBOS CANT SAY THEY SURPASS GERMANS IN THE AMERICAS, HOW CAN THEY SURPASS YORUBAS? IS IT BECAUSE BOTH ARE BLACKS? JUST LIKE YOU MENTION GERMAN, BRITISH, SPANISH, PORTUGUESE IN THE AMERICAS IS THE WAY YOU MENTION YORUBA. THEY HAVE BEEN THERE FROM THE START! THEY STARTED TOGETHER!. PRESENTLY, THERE MAY BE MORE YORUBAS IN SOUTH AMERICA THAN IN WEST AFRICA! INFACT THAT IS DEFINITELY SO. THERE ARE WHITE YORUBA!. YOU CANT SAY THEY ARE NOT YORUBA BECAUSE THEY ARE DESCENDED FROM OR HAVE ADOPTED THE YORUBA CULTURE. DONT FOCUS ON RACE. YORUBA CAN BE ANY APPEARANCE. FROM THE BEGINNING, THERE HAVE BEEN WHITES AMONG YORUBA BECAUSE WE HAVE GENES ORIGINATING FROM EUROPE EVERYWHERE IN WEST AFRICA. YOU ARE BLACK ONLY BECAUSE OF CENTURIES OF TAN.
IGBOS WERENT MUCH IN THE PAST I BELIEVE AND TODAY ALL OSUS ARE MOST PROBABLY DESCENDED FROM YORUBA SLAVES. IGALAS ARE YORUBOID. SO IF IGBOS ARE PLENTY TODAY, IT WAS AT THE EXPENSE OF MAINLY YORUBAS, THEY SHOULD BE GRATEFUL!.

IF A YORUBA MARRY A FRENCH WOMAN AND THE CHILD MARRY A CHINESE ON LIKE THAT WHILE THERE ARE A MILLION PEOPLE LIKE THAT MARRYING CHINESE, RED INDIANS, EUROPEANS JAPANESE WHILE THEY MAINTAINED THE YORUBA CULTURE AND TRADITIONS BUT NO LONGER LOOK LIKE WEST AFRICANS, ARE YOU SAYING THEY ARE NOT YORUBA? THAT WOULD BE TOTALLY WRONG! THEY ARE YORUBA AND EVEN THEY ARE THE ONLY TRUE YORUBAS REMAINING! IF YOU CANT SAY ASHKENAZI ARE NOT JEWS, WHY SAY SOUTH AMERICANS ARE NOT YORUBAS?

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Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 11:57am On Jan 18, 2017
lawani:


THE SPANISH AND PORTUGUESE ARRIVED ON THE WEST AFRICAN COAST LATE 15TH CENTURY TO MEET PEOPLE THERE AS VERY ADVANCED. THEY RELATED AS EQUALS. I MEAN THE YORUBA HELD WEST AFRICAN COAST. YORUBA WENT TO SOUTH AMERICA AND EUROPE WITH THEM AND YORUBAS DEFINITELY WERE IN SOUTH AMERICA BEFORE NATIONS LIKE BRITAIN AND GERMANY. IF IGBOS CANT SAY THEY SURPASS GERMANS IN THE AMERICAS, HOW CAN THEY SURPASS YORUBAS? IS IT BECAUSE BOTH ARE BLACKS? JUST LIKE YOU MENTION GERMAN, BRITISH, SPANISH, PORTUGUESE IN THE AMERICAS IS THE WAY YOU MENTION YORUBA. THEY HAVE BEEN THERE FROM THE START! THEY STARTED TOGETHER!. PRESENTLY, THERE MAY BE MORE YORUBAS IN SOUTH AMERICA THAN IN WEST AFRICA! INFACT THAT IS DEFINITELY SO. THERE ARE WHITE YORUBA!. YOU CANT SAY THEY ARE NOT YORUBA BECAUSE THEY ARE DESCENDED FROM OR HAVE ADOPTED THE YORUBA CULTURE. DONT FOCUS ON RACE. YORUBA CAN BE ANY APPEARANCE. FROM THE BEGINNING, THERE HAVE BEEN WHITES AMONG YORUBA BECAUSE WE HAVE GENES ORIGINATING FROM EUROPE EVERYWHERE IN WEST AFRICA. YOU ARE BLACK ONLY BECAUSE OF CENTURIES OF TAN.
IGBOS WERENT MUCH IN THE PAST I BELIEVE AND TODAY ALL OSUS ARE MOST PROBABLY DESCENDED FROM YORUBA SLAVES. IGALAS ARE YORUBOID. SO IF IGBOS ARE PLENTY TODAY, IT WAS AT THE EXPENSE OF MAINLY YORUBAS, THEY SHOULD BE GRATEFUL!.

IF A YORUBA MARRY A FRENCH WOMAN AND THE CHILD MARRY A CHINESE ON LIKE THAT WHILE THERE ARE A MILLION PEOPLE LIKE THAT MARRYING CHINESE, RED INDIANS, EUROPEANS JAPANESE WHILE THEY MAINTAINED THE YORUBA CULTURE AND TRADITIONS BUT NO LONGER LOOK LIKE WEST AFRICANS, ARE YOU SAYING THEY ARE NOT YORUBA? THAT WOULD BE TOTALLY WRONG! THEY ARE YORUBA AND EVEN THEY ARE THE ONLY TRUE YORUBAS REMAINING! IF YOU CANT SAY ASHKENAZI ARE NOT JEWS, WHY SAY SOUTH AMERICANS ARE NOT YORUBAS?
YORUBA ARE MANY AND I AGREE WITH YOU BUT NOT ALL COLOUR AMERICAS DESCENDANTS ARE OF YORUBAS DESCENDANTS THOUGH WE ARE THE LARGEST AMONGST THEM ALL.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 12:05pm On Jan 18, 2017
bigfrancis21:


You still haven't proven any point yet, and the oldest human skull, by the way, was found in Ethiopia.

No evidence, no point made by you.


http://www.bradshawfoundation.com/herto_skulls.php
IT WAS FOUND IN IWO ELERU IN YORUBA LAND IN 1965 . APPROXIMATELY 13,000 YEARS OLD. YOU SEE THAT YOU DONT DO RESEARCH BEFORE YOU CHEST BEAT. IT REMAINS THE OLDEST HUMAN SKULL FOUND IN NIGERIA. DO YOU HAVE ANYTHING ELSE TO TYPE? grin cheesy cool
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by lawani: 3:10pm On Jan 18, 2017
Olu317:
YORUBA ARE MANY AND I AGREE WITH YOU BUT NOT ALL COLOUR AMERICAS DESCENDANTS ARE OF YORUBAS DESCENDANTS THOUGH WE ARE THE LARGEST AMONGST THEM ALL.

IF YOU COLLECTED A CULTURE FROM YOUR FOREBEARS OR FRIENDS AND CARRY IT ON, YOU OWN THAT CULTURE AND YOU ARE THE CUSTODIAN. WHO ARE YOU TO SAY A WHITE MAN IS NOT A YORUBA? ARE DR SOLARIN'S CHILDREN NOT YORUBA? IS SUSAN WENGER NOT A YORUBA? YOU ARE NOT QUALIFIED TO DISINHERIT SOMEONE FROM AN INHERITANCE PASSED DOWN TO THEM LEGITIMATELY!.

IF THEY PRACTICE THE CULTURE, THEY ARE YORUBA MORE THAN YOU!

THEY ARE NOT ONLY YORUBAS BUT ALSO INCARNATIONS AND REPRESENTATIONS OF THE ANCIENT YORUBAS.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by bigfrancis21: 5:54pm On Jan 18, 2017
lawani:


THE SPANISH AND PORTUGUESE ARRIVED ON THE WEST AFRICAN COAST LATE 15TH CENTURY TO MEET PEOPLE THERE AS VERY ADVANCED. THEY RELATED AS EQUALS. I MEAN THE YORUBA HELD WEST AFRICAN COAST. YORUBA WENT TO SOUTH AMERICA AND EUROPE WITH THEM AND YORUBAS DEFINITELY WERE IN SOUTH AMERICA BEFORE NATIONS LIKE BRITAIN AND GERMANY. IF IGBOS CANT SAY THEY SURPASS GERMANS IN THE AMERICAS, HOW CAN THEY SURPASS YORUBAS? IS IT BECAUSE BOTH ARE BLACKS? JUST LIKE YOU MENTION GERMAN, BRITISH, SPANISH, PORTUGUESE IN THE AMERICAS IS THE WAY YOU MENTION YORUBA. THEY HAVE BEEN THERE FROM THE START! THEY STARTED TOGETHER!. PRESENTLY, THERE MAY BE MORE YORUBAS IN SOUTH AMERICA THAN IN WEST AFRICA! INFACT THAT IS DEFINITELY SO. THERE ARE WHITE YORUBA!. YOU CANT SAY THEY ARE NOT YORUBA BECAUSE THEY ARE DESCENDED FROM OR HAVE ADOPTED THE YORUBA CULTURE. DONT FOCUS ON RACE. YORUBA CAN BE ANY APPEARANCE. FROM THE BEGINNING, THERE HAVE BEEN WHITES AMONG YORUBA BECAUSE WE HAVE GENES ORIGINATING FROM EUROPE EVERYWHERE IN WEST AFRICA. YOU ARE BLACK ONLY BECAUSE OF CENTURIES OF TAN.
IGBOS WERENT MUCH IN THE PAST I BELIEVE AND TODAY ALL OSUS ARE MOST PROBABLY DESCENDED FROM YORUBA SLAVES. IGALAS ARE YORUBOID. SO IF IGBOS ARE PLENTY TODAY, IT WAS AT THE EXPENSE OF MAINLY YORUBAS, THEY SHOULD BE GRATEFUL!.

IF A YORUBA MARRY A FRENCH WOMAN AND THE CHILD MARRY A CHINESE ON LIKE THAT WHILE THERE ARE A MILLION PEOPLE LIKE THAT MARRYING CHINESE, RED INDIANS, EUROPEANS JAPANESE WHILE THEY MAINTAINED THE YORUBA CULTURE AND TRADITIONS BUT NO LONGER LOOK LIKE WEST AFRICANS, ARE YOU SAYING THEY ARE NOT YORUBA? THAT WOULD BE TOTALLY WRONG! THEY ARE YORUBA AND EVEN THEY ARE THE ONLY TRUE YORUBAS REMAINING! IF YOU CANT SAY ASHKENAZI ARE NOT JEWS, WHY SAY SOUTH AMERICANS ARE NOT YORUBAS?

Lol. Mister everyone here went to school and we know African history. grin grin
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by bigfrancis21: 5:57pm On Jan 18, 2017
Olu317:
YORUBA ARE MANY AND I AGREE WITH YOU BUT NOT ALL COLOUR AMERICAS DESCENDANTS ARE OF YORUBAS DESCENDANTS THOUGH WE ARE THE LARGEST AMONGST THEM ALL.

Actually, in terms of numbers Yorubas were among the least sent to the Americas. Figures put it at about 500,000. The figure of those who actually settled might be smaller when you take into consideration those that returned to Sierra Leone and Lagos in the 1800s. The preponderance of the Yoruba culture in Latin America due to Yoruba's late arrival doesn't necessarily translate to high population numbers.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by lawani: 6:48pm On Jan 18, 2017
bigfrancis21:


Actually, in terms of numbers Yorubas were among the least sent to the Americas. Figures put it at about 500,000. The figure of those who actually settled might be smaller when you take into consideration those that returned to Sierra Leone and Lagos in the 1800s. The preponderance of the Yoruba culture in Latin America due to Yoruba's late arrival doesn't necessarily translate to high population numbers.

IF YOU KEEP SAYING MOST SOUTH AMERICAN YORUBAS ARE IGBOS THOUGH MANY OF THEM KNOW EXACTLY WHICH YORUBA SUBNATION THEY CAME FROM, HOW ABOUT THE 40 PERCENT OF NIGERIAN IGBO POPULATION WHO ARE OSUS? I HOPE YOU KNOW 99 PERCENT OF OSUS ARE YORUBAS?.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 8:11pm On Jan 18, 2017
bigfrancis21:


Actually, in terms of numbers Yorubas were among the least sent to the Americas. Figures put it at about 500,000. The figure of those who actually settled might be smaller when you take into consideration those that returned to Sierra Leone and Lagos in the 1800s. The preponderance of the Yoruba culture in Latin America due to Yoruba's late arrival doesn't necessarily translate to high population numbers.
They did not return to Sierra Leone but the ship of slaves turned back were the ones that settled in Sierra Leone and few returnees from Great Britain. And stop this unfounded information.It seems because you dont understand who these people were. They were known with different names but spoke same language and attested to their ILFE IFE as the grand ancestral home . Google the Americas you will find their history and their clamis. I didn't create you and I can't but the God that created you as Ibos has purpose for it but as Yoruba born, I am thankful to almighty God and FULFILLED
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by bigfrancis21: 8:13pm On Jan 18, 2017
lawani:


IF YOU KEEP SAYING MOST SOUTH AMERICAN YORUBAS ARE IGBOS THOUGH MANY OF THEM KNOW EXACTLY WHICH YORUBA SUBNATION THEY CAME FROM, HOW ABOUT THE 40 PERCENT OF NIGERIAN IGBO POPULATION WHO ARE OSUS? I HOPE YOU KNOW 99 PERCENT OF OSUS ARE YORUBAS?.

This is not about claiming who sent the highest number of slaves to the Caribbean, there is no pride in that. It does not make you superior. That's stale. I am talking facts here. Numbers for Yoruba slaves show they were not as many as people think. Contrary to the beliefs of some Yorubas, Yorubas are not the major group found in the entire slave trade. Infact, they were one of the minority groups sent to the new world. The quantity or number of Yorubas sent was analyzed by Toyin Falola, a Yoruba author, and Matt Childs in this book: https://books.google.com/books?id=Uk1Tbdsq99gC&pg=PA179&dq=yoruba+slave+population+numbers&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjkzI34o8zRAhWH34MKHZDPDaEQ6AEIJTAC#v=onepage&q=yoruba%20slave%20population%20numbers&f=false

On page 25, the authors confirm that the prominence of the Lagos slave port rose late towards the end of the slave trade movement (see first image below).

In terms of numbers, between 1826 and 1839, note that this is the peak period for the Yoruba slave trade or the period when Yoruba land sold more slaves, only 101,750 Yoruba slaves were sent during this period (see second image below). Now I often see that many Yorubas love to imagine that they sent millions in slaves, however all educational sources on the transatlantic slave trade put the total number of Yoruba slaves sent overall is put at about no more than 500,000.

The Yoruba slave trade is an interesting one. Trade in Yoruba slaves did not pick up until the 19th century or the 1800s and at around the Oyo empire wars. As recently as 1850, Yoruba slaves were sent to the new world. This is just about 150 years ago (counting from year 2000) or about 3 or 4 generations back. That is, Yoruba middle passage is the most recent of most tribal middle passages. This is the major reason for the survival of Yoruba tradition in the Americas. In fact, Yoruba slaves arrived at a time when slave laws had weakened significantly, and slaves were allowed more freedom of worship and association. Times were favorable to allow them practice their religion and speak their language freely. These slaves would probably be the equivalent of our great-grandfathers (born in the 1800s), indicating how recent the Yoruba slave trade peak was. The Oyo wars provided bulk of the slaves sold from Yoruba land and during this period, the Portuguese were the major slave traders at this time, whereas the British had long stopped slave trading and were working towards abolishing the slave trade. Suffice to say, Yoruba tradition survived not as a matter of numbers but as a matter of late emergence in the slave trade.

The authors also indicated that many non-Yorubas were described as 'lukumi' (see third image below) by the Spanish/Portuguese and if this is the case, we are looking at about 300,000 to 400,000 in actual Yoruba slaves exported. This does not take into account the few thousand returnees back to Sierra Leone and Lagos when the Oba of Lagos declared the borders of Lagos open to Yoruba slave returnees.

I am just a middle observer in all of these and I am stating facts just the way they are.

Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by Olu317(m): 8:17pm On Jan 18, 2017
lawani:


IF YOU KEEP SAYING MOST SOUTH AMERICAN YORUBAS ARE IGBOS THOUGH MANY OF THEM KNOW EXACTLY WHICH YORUBA SUBNATION THEY CAME FROM, HOW ABOUT THE 40 PERCENT OF NIGERIAN IGBO POPULATION WHO ARE OSUS? I HOPE YOU KNOW 99 PERCENT OF OSUS ARE YORUBAS?.
IT WAS EVEN A BIG LIE THAT ABOUT THE WORD “IGBO".THE YORUBA WERE THE ONES KNOWN WITH SUCH WORD AFFILIATION IN THE ANCIENT TIMES BUT THE Igbos OR IBOS AS THEY WERE CALLED SYSTEMATICALLY INTERCHANGE THEIR ORIGINAL NAMES FOR IGBO. EVEN WHEN YOU ASK ALL THESE PEOPLE FROM AMERICAS,THEY KNOW WHERE THEY CAME AND IT SETTLES IT. THIS IS THE BEAUTY OF ORAL HISTORY WHICH TENDS TO PASS FROM ONE GENERATION TO ANOTHER THOUGH IT HAS IT SHORT COMINGS BUT LARGELY DEPENDABLE.
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by bigfrancis21: 8:20pm On Jan 18, 2017
Olu317:
IT WAS EVEN A BIG LIE THAT ABOUT THE WORD “IGBO".THE YORUBA WERE THE ONES KNOWN WITH SUCH WORD AFFILIATION IN THE ANCIENT TIMES BUT THE Igbos OR IBOS AS THEY WERE CALLED SYSTEMATICALLY INTERCHANGE THEIR ORIGINAL NAMES FOR IGBO. EVEN WHEN YOU ASK ALL THESE PEOPLE FROM AMERICAS,THEY KNOW WHERE THEY CAME AND IT SETTLES IT. THIS IS THE BEAUTY OF ORAL HISTORY WHICH TENDS TO PASS FROM ONE GENERATION TO ANOTHER THOUGH IT HAS IT SHORT COMINGS BUT LARGELY DEPENDABLE.

Hahaha. grin
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by bigfrancis21: 8:38pm On Jan 18, 2017
Olu317:
They did not return to Sierra Leone but the ship of slaves turned back were the ones that settled in Sierra Leone and few returnees from Great Britain. And stop this unfounded information.It seems because you dont understand who these people were. They were known with different names but spoke same language and attested to their ILFE IFE as the grand ancestral home . Google the Americas you will find their history and their clamis. I didn't create you and I can't but the God that created you as Ibos has purpose for it but as Yoruba born, I am thankful to almighty God and FULFILLED

Actually, some Yoruba ex-slaves did return to Sierra Leone. Majority who settled in Sierra Leone were intercepted Yoruba slaves on their way to the Americas and the others are Yoruba ex-slave returnees.

The immigrants of African descent who began arriving in Lagos and Badagry in the early nineteenth century included not only Afro-Brazilians, but also Afro-Cubans, Afro-Americans, Afro- Canadians (freed slaves from Nova Scotia) and Sierra Leonians (Saros). Of these the Afro-Brazilians and the Saros constituted the largest and most dominant groups. The Afro-Brazilians were the descendants of African slaves (mostly from West Africa and Angola) taken to Brazil. They returned to West Africa between the 1820s and 1890s. Collectively, in Nigeria the Afro-Brazilians and the Afro- Cubans were referred to as `Brazilians' or Aguda (Yoruba word for Catholics) probably because the majority of both these groups were Catholics. The Saros were the descendants of Yoruba slaves from southwestern Nigeria. Some of these slaves were on their way to the Americas to be sold but were rescued by the British anti-slavery squadron along the West African coast. They were then resettled in Freetown, Sierra Leone, which was founded in the eighteenth century by an Englishman named Granville Sharp. Other Saros were African slaves (mostly of Yoruba origin) who have been in England since the early seventeenth century. They were repatriated to Sierra Leone after the abolition of slavery in Great Britain. After Lagos was ceded to the British by Oba Dosunmu in 1861, many more Saros were encouraged to return to Yorubaland by the colonial administration. The Saro community lived in the Saro quarter alongside the Afro-Brazilian community in the Brazilian quarter of Lagos. Like the Afro-Brazilians, they also produced a significant genre of architecture and a distinctive creole culture during the nineteenth century. The Saro architectural style was largely based on a combination of the British colonial style and the Yoruba traditional spatial arrangement. Although the Saros contributed immensely to the development of architecture in Lagos, they were not nearly as renowned for their building design and construction skills as the Afro-Brazilians were. This study is concerned primarily with the architecture created by the Afro-Brazilians as distinct from the Saros, whose architecture undoubtedly merits study in its own right.

https://theses.ncl.ac.uk/dspace/handle/10443/883
Re: Similarities And Differences Between Ilaje And Itsekiri by bigfrancis21: 9:11pm On Jan 18, 2017
YORUBA SLAVE DEPARTURES FROM 1650 TO 1865 FROM PORTS IN THE BIGHT OF BENIN

The image below is a table of slave ports in the Bight of Benin and the number of slaves exported from those regions from the beginning of slavery around 1650 to the end at about 1865. Several of these ports are Ouidah, Popo, Badagri, Epe, Lagos etc.

Of all these ports, Lagos port is the number 1 source of Yoruba slaves. A quick look shows that from 1651 to 1750, Lagos exported 0 number of slaves for nearly 100 years. We begin to see the exports from Lagos (mostly Yoruba slaves) start from 1751, attaining its all time high peak between 1826 and 1850 (during the time of the Oyo empire wars) and dropping thereafter. The table indicates that between 1751, when Lagos slave exports began, and 1865, (end of slavery), 317,300 slaves (let us assume all were Yorubas for simplicity) were exported from Lagos port. That is, 317,300 Yoruba slaves were exported from the port of Lagos during the entire slave trade period of 215 years.

Now, there are high chances that some Yoruba slaves were also exported through the ports of Badagri and Epe. The slaves from these ports included Fon slaves, Ga slaves, Yoruba slaves etc. Assuming all the slaves exported from these 2 ports were all Yoruba slaves, the figures are 53,700 and 85,500 for Epe and Badagry respectively, for a combined total of 139,200.

Assuming all the slaves exported from Lagos, Epe and Badagry were of Yoruba descent, the overall number of all 'Yoruba' slaves exported from these 3 ports in the Bight of Benin is 456,500, or less than half a million. However, realistically speaking, given the fact that many non-Yorubas were often labelled 'lukumi' by the Spanish/Portuguese and not all slaves from these 3 ports are actually Yorubas, especially the ports of Epe and Badagry, the actual number of Yoruba slaves taken from these 3 ports would be a figure between 300,000 and 400,000.

To add also, not all 300,000 to 456,500 Yoruba slaves who left the shores of West Africa did make it to the new world. A small percentage who were intercepted by the British and settled in Sierra Leone did not make it to Latin America, out of which some of those intercepted by the British who settled in Sierra Leone actually returned back to Lagos. Out of the majority who made it to Latin America, a small percentage (Agudas) returned to Lagos where they settled. Taking into consideration the numbers of Saros and Agudas, the final number of Yoruba slaves settling in Latin America (mainly Brazil) is a figure between 300,000 to 400,000.

https://books.google.com/books?id=Uk1Tbdsq99gC&pg=PA179&dq=yoruba+slave+population+numbers&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjkzI34o8zRAhWH34MKHZDPDaEQ6AEIJTAC#v=onepage&q=yoruba%20slave%20population%20numbers&f=false

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