UK- trained Abidemi Agwor, is the National Chairman, Tunneling Association of Nigeria, TAN, and the first and only Nigerian representative at the world body of tunneling engineering. He was recently in the country promoting the concept of utilizing the underground space. He spoke with journalists.

You are Nigeria's first and only ambassador on the UN tunneling body. How did this happen?

The idea of developing the tunneling industry in Nigeria was first conceived shortly after I arrived in the United Kingdom after securing a scholarship from the Rivers State Government in 2008. I focused on developing myself once I discovered my passion for tunneling and the
development of underground structures. I was also immensely helped by those who mentored me in different ways. I was part of the team that
developed the Crossrail tunnels UK which was at the time the biggest infrastructural development in Europe worth £16billion of which I was a project ambassador. I am currently part of the tunneling team working on a key part of the Hinkley Point Nuclear Power Project worth £24billion.
Over the years I have had the opportunity to work with the best in the industry and so my network was built from there. I am a member of the
British Tunneling Society (BTS). In September 2015 I approached the Chairman of the BTS to advice on how to go about setting up a similar
organization in Nigeria since they had just helped set up the Tunneling Association in Saudi Arabia and that was where it really all started from. We have since gone on to incorporate the Tunneling Association Nigeria, registered with the Corporate Affairs Commission Nigeria as the Association of Tunneling Operators Nigeria in June 2016. Presently, I am the Chairman of the Executive committee. We have also gotten in touch with the International Tunneling and Underground Space Association (ITA) which has a consultative status with the United Nations which got involved and adopted Nigeria as a member nation through an exclusive endorsement of TAN. In essence Nigeria now has a seat at the World Tunneling Congress held yearly.

A lot of Nigerians may not be too familiar with the tunneling aspect of engineering. What does it entail?

You are absolutely right. Although it isn't totally alien to us, it is however an approach that is not readily part of our infrastructural
conceptualization. To put it simply, tunneling is the act of creating useful and effective space below ground level. This cuts across several sectors, covering a wide spectrum from the seemingly small applications to the more sophisticated applications like water and sanitary waste management, telecommunications and power distribution, vehicular and pedestrian transportation, oil and gas product transportation, mining and mineral exploration, agricultural and environmental applications and several other unorthodox applications.
These can be done through conventional and mechanized means, the latter been the most popular. However, delivering an underground
infrastructure requires extensive planning and preparation. Depending on the type of project and structure, an extensive ground investigation would be required as that will duly inform the construction method as well as produce a geotechnical baseline report for construction. This helps to determine if we are working in a soft or hard ground, cohesive or non-cohesive as well as several othertechnical parameters that aid the decision of procuring the best suited tunneling equipment as well as proposing a sustainable design and realistic programme. The baseline report will also infer if ground preparatory works will be required. We can't fully exhaust all the requirements in delivering an underground infrastructure here but I know that this technology can be applied appropriately and effectively in Nigeria.

You have left your base in the UK promoting this idea. What responses have you been getting from the NSE and the government?

It has been challenging but fulfilling to say the least. The responses have been mixed and that is the reason we are deliberate in our approach. We have had key members of the Board of Trustees of the Tunneling Association Nigeria champion and promote the idea within their respective professional affiliations and the Nigerian Society of Engineers is one of the bodies currently in partnership with TAN. They have even set up a Tunneling Engineering Study Group to work with TAN. We are also making progress in setting up same partnership with other relevant bodies like the Nigerian Institute of Architects, Nigerian Institute of Surveyors as well as Nigerian Institute of Town Planners. We have had positive responses from the Federal Ministry of Power, Lands and Housing; some state governments and some educational institutions like the University of Lagos and the River State University of Science and Technology. So the response in the country has been encouraging, but there is still a long way to go.

Considering the prevailing economic climate, do you think Nigeria can afford investment in tunneling infrastructure?

I believe that the current economic challenges could really serve as an opportunity to invest. The lack of requisite infrastructure has
exacerbated the impact of the economic challenges, though I believe that bridging our infrastructural gap is now government’s primary objective. Developing a tunnel or an underground space enables us maximize the use of a square foot of space thereby adding more value depending on its application. Be it utilities or transportation it could positively affect our lifestyle. A cost-benefit analysis of most of these scenarios will tell you that the value of the benefits that these infrastructures bring over their life span outweighs their delivery cost.
Planning and delivering a major underground project will typically take ten years if everything works according to schedule; and probably half that time for minor projects. Yes, we can invest now in the early phases of delivering innovative and sustainable projects that will in future help our rapidly growing cities.

Aside from government and corporate bodies, how can private citizens benefit from tunneling and underground services?

Tunnels and underground structures can be privately developed and one area that can be given keen consideration is the development of
underground parking for residential accommodation. It should come naturally that we would consider it as part of a design brief. I would expect that a private developer would be restricted to the scale and scope of structure that can be developed granted by the appropriate authorities.


How much of expertise and technology are available in Nigeria to make these happen?

Although expertise and technology in developing underground infrastructure is still in very high demand globally, Nigeria currently cannot boast of a handful of talents and expertise in this sector. However, I believe we have existing skills that can be easily developed to suit some of the requirements of developing underground infrastructure. Developing our local capabilities is one main reason the Tunneling Association Nigeria was established. It was set up to promote the use of our underground space through awareness creation, sensitization, knowledge sharing, advocacy and several other means.

What programmes are in place by the Tunneling Association of Nigeria to integrate this new thinking into the management of the underground
space in Nigeria

Benefitting from all that the association has put in place to develop capacity starts from being a registered member of the association. We have employed an open ended policy on the membership of the association which is open to all potential stakeholders in the development of our underground infrastructure including, civil engineers, mechanical and electrical engineers, geotechnical engineers, mining engineers, geologist, surveyors, GIS engineers, architects, urban planners and developers, financiers, insurers, policy makers, legal practitioners and project finance specialists.
As part of our developmental programmes, we have scheduled annual conferences and workshops, we are scheduled to host what is the first
International Tunneling and Underground Space Conference in Nigeria next month in Lagos, tagged “Developing the Tunneling and Underground
Space Industry in Nigeria”. We are also scheduling courses endorsed by the International Tunneling and Underground Space Association. We have
a team that champions this campaign in university institutions as well as colleges. As part of the benefits of being a member nation of the World Tunneling Congress we have exchange programmes that would enable students and professionals gain foreign practical experience of how tunnels are built. TAN in partnership with other member nations has scheduled tours to specific project sites to expose our members to current global trends in the industry. Our partnership with other key organizations will also help to propagate the idea.

ENDS.

Great read. I never knew the different applications of tunnels. Here I was expecting him to be talking about a subway system and he just blew the lid off. We certainly need this man's influence in a greater capacity for infrastructural development.

It's about time, geotechnical engineering aspect of engineering would grow astronomically as a result of this.

Just like his father Sam Agwor, Bidemi has also become an expert professional in his field of study; like father like son. Keep it up.