Greetings



Nimrod rejected God as his ruler; he trusted in his own might, therefore it is said of him, "Hewas mighty in hunting, and in sin before theLord; for he was a hunter of the sons of men in their languages.


Great Amorite King Nimrod a son of Kush birth place possibly modern day Kenya. In those days the Cushite peoples were giants with elongated skulls, their blood was blue and they had a mind for creating wonders. Nimrod a hunter whose craft was magick and beasts. Nimrod transformed himself into an Ogre says the Kenyan legends. He stood over 15 feet and his warriors were tall as he was. He built Babylon a walled city on the edge of Asia in the Sumer valley. Nimrod protected the city with beasts he created, he terrorized men and hunted them with dragons and gargoyles. Nimrod a dark magician also known as Baal sacrificed babies in rituals designed to create his Golem. Nimrod grew arrogant he made the peoples of the Earth worship him as the God of creation. Allah destroyed Nimrod and his giant warriors. No man has the capacity to be Allah.





Wake up out your slumber

So what are you getting at?

Godhatesodomy:
Greetings



Nimrod rejected God as his ruler; he trusted in his own might, therefore it is said of him, "Hewas mighty in hunting, and in sin before theLord; for he was a hunter of the sons of men in their languages.


Great Amorite King Nimrod a son of Kush birth place possibly modern day Kenya. In those days the Cushite peoples were giants with elongated skulls, their blood was blue and they had a mind for creating wonders. Nimrod a hunter whose craft was magick and beasts. Nimrod transformed himself into an Ogre says the Kenyan legends. He stood over 15 feet and his warriors were tall as he was. He built Babylon a walled city on the edge of Asia in the Sumer valley. Nimrod protected the city with beasts he created, he terrorized men and hunted them with dragons and gargoyles. Nimrod a dark magician also known as Baal sacrificed babies in rituals designed to create his Golem. Nimrod grew arrogant he made the peoples of the Earth worship him as the God of creation. Allah destroyed Nimrod and his giant warriors. No man has the capacity to be Allah.





Wake up out your slumber

so so many people were given birth to on the 25th of December before and after the so called god you mentioned. You can aswell choose any day to celebrate your birthday !!!

udy821:
so so many people were given birth to on the 25th of December before and after the so called god you mentioned. You can aswell choose any day to celebrate your birthday !!!

Nonsense. Slay the beast. Slay they one who swears he is God Almighty.


Wake up out your slumber

Jaysolu:
So what are you getting at?

Get rid of the pale faced Jesus Christ worship.

No man has the capacity to be Allah.


Wake up out your slumber

Thou shall not elevate any man to Allah therefore making him creator of the heavens and Earth.

Wake up out your slumber

If you don't believe Nimrod created clones then you need to study your science again.

Thank Allah for the ability to read and write so the truth is within reach.

Wake up out your slumber

Sodomy the worst of evils

The modern image of Jesus is modeled on Cesare Borgia, a gangster's son.

Origin

Whether modern depictions of the appearance of Jesus are historically accurate has long been a subject of debate, and one rumor related to that debate holds that the modern image of Jesus is largely based on the appearance of Cesare Borgia, a 15th century Italian nobleman.

Claims about Cesare Borgia’s likeness forming the basis for all modern depictions of Jesus are scattered. An online “encyclopedia” of dubious merit asserts the rumor as a “little known fact,” crediting French novelist Alexandre Dumas for the notion that Borgia “influenced many images of Jesus Christ painted during and subsequent to his career.”

Dumas was, while celebrated, a writer of fiction and not an historian. The rumor is frequently attributed to “Volume I” of Dumas’ Celebrated Crimes (The Borgias), but we were unable to locate an expression of it in that essay.

Myriad online image macros assert that Borgia’s father “forced” his son’s visage into art history (a claim offered as an irony given that the Borgia family were supposedly “not Christ-like”), but no evidence ever accompanies such assertions:

Such images imply that the relatively standardized, modern depiction of Jesus emerged in approximately 1490, but art historians might argue otherwise. Although the Renaissance produced a vast quantity of the most prominent depictions of Jesus, plenty of artworks antedating 1490 bear the same visual qualities that were purportedly based on those of Borgia:

The need for representations of Christ’s life in Italy was based on official practice within the Western Church. From the time of Pope Gregory the Great, images were valued both as lessons for the unlettered and as aids to worship. Scenes from Christ’s life were thus desirable in churches, on frescoed walls and painted altarpieces, and also in portable form, in illustrated books and small altarpieces suitable for private consumption. Images were meant to enhance the experience of the faithful both in communal and in individual worship, and devotional treatises gave instructions for how to use pictures to enter more fully into sacred history. In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, such pictures often occurred in series that allowed viewers to trace the progression of events, but the stories of Christ’s life were also represented in independent easel paintings, especially in the sixteenth century and after.

Contrary to claims that Jesus’ now-common characteristics emerged in 1490, artworks from the Middle Ages and Early Renaissance depicted Jesus in very much the same way that later artworks did. Giotto di Bondone’s well-known 1305 mural The Lamentation of Christ features a white man with long brown hair, and Sandro Botticelli’s 1487 Madonna of the Pomegranate depicts a similarly featured infant Christ. Hieronymus Bosch’s Ecce Homoalso antedates 1490 but demonstrates a recognizably familiar Jesus, as does Duccio di Buoninsegna’s early 1300’s Christ’s Farewell to his Apostles (and other works) and Bondone’s contemporaneous Last Supper(a very commonly depicted scene across time).

The similarities in Jesus’ image extend to other regions and movements, with Flemish Renaissance depictions antedating 1490 but still fitting the common pattern. A long haired, pale-skinned Jesus was observed in artworks from 1250 and centuries prior. Clearly, 1490 was in no way the year, or even the millennium, in which the most common characteristics of Jesus’ depiction in art were solidified. Moreover, limitations in the transmission of ideas and trends in that era was such that;the establishment of a “new Jesus” would have taken years to propagate across countries and cultures in Europe.

Many image macros assert that Cesare Borgia was the son of a corrupt gangster, a criminal, a dictator, and a sexual deviant. Although Borgia is historically established as one of the likely illegitimate children of Pope Alexander VI (born Rodrigo Borgia), reference works describe the elder Borgia as a controversial Pope but not a “gangster.” It’s widely held that Pope Alexander VI’s checkered reign led in part to the backlash heralding the Protestant Reformation, but historical literature doesn’t describe him as a “dictator.” As for Cesare Borgia himself, he was born in 1476 and died at the age of 31 in 1507, so had his image been used as the model for Jesus in artworks created in or before 1490, those works would have been based on the features of a young teenager.

Cesare Borgia of course lived centuries before the advent of cameras, so the most common image we have of Borgia now is a portrait of disputed provenance:

The scant record includes another portraitwhich bears no noteworthy resemblance to either contemporaneous 15th century or modern depictions of Jesus:

In 2001 forensic anthropologist Richard Neave created a model of a Galilean man for a BBC documentary, Son of God, working on the basis of an actual skull found in the region. Neave did not claim his model showed Jesus’s face but rather offered it as a means of prompting people to consider a Jesus who looked like a man of his time and place, since the Bible does not describe Jesus as having distinctive features:

Much like conspiracy theories based primarily on modern photographs, the claim that depictions of Jesus originated with a portrait of Borgia appear to hinge almost entirely on negligible visual similarities in multiple artworks and the efficacy of suggestion.

No specific painting is routinely cited as one for which Cesare Borgia purportedly sat as a model (or which he inspired), and oddly enough, the image most commonly associated with this rumor was painted in 1940 and bears no resemblance to the few extant Borgia portraits.

The claim about Borgia and Jesus is possibly a distant variant of old and long-circulating rumors that Renaissance artist Michaelangelo Buonarroti’s famed Sistine Chapel ceiling contains “Easter eggs” evidencing covert motives or illustrating grudges on the artist’s part.





There is no separating any spiritual image and practice from the culture that bore it. By evoking Buddhism when practicing chanting and meditating upon mantra one is driven towards vegetarian without any instruction. The same goes for the practice of Yoga, many people who practice Yoga even for exercise find themselves seeking solace for meditation. So this goes for African spiritual systems by practicing Vodoun one is driven to dancing and drumming, even ancestral communication will open. What you evoke will enter into your life on the subconscious level thereby invoking specific practice. This Jesus Christ is the conjugation of Roman perverts and it is the sole reason that many churches in other lands with strict sexual prohibitive cultures have issues with sexual perversion. Every symbol is a shape that is related to numbers and has a frequency. So tell me what frequency are you vibrating after evoking the image of a pervert as God Almighty?


Wake up out your slumber

No man is God Almighty

Op I thought the Egyptian god Horus was born on December 25th which one we go believe na,

Seem like every other deities, was born on December 25

WorWorBoy:
Op I thought the Egyptian god Horus was born on December 25th which one we go believe na,

Seem like every other deities, was born on December 25

Egypt is Greek and Horus is Greek.


There is a period of Egyptian history when Greeks or perverts were the Pharaohs. Then came the perverted Roman Pharoahs that ruled over Egypt until the Arab invasion and now Egypt is ruled by Arabs.

Greeks are perverts by bloodline and they of course owe their civilization to Babylonian Moors who founded Greece and Rome. The legend of Nimrod is that he created the Cro Magnum Jews to use in war against Ancient Egypt and other African rather Moors kingdoms. The primordial pre flood Africans rule everywhere and like the modern world they were separated in various royal bloodlines fighting for world supremacy. Creating graven images of God Almighty to look like your bloodline was done by the Amorites or Moors of Babylon first and this is what the Bible confirms. This is why modern Christianity celebrates the birth of Jesus who never existed on December 25th it is the birthday of King Of Babylon. So basically corrupt Moors rather dirty Moors were in cahoots with Jews who are the Roman ceasars to once again create another graven image of the God Almighty. Remember Rome was at least 60 percent Black around the 1st century when Paul arrived. There were black slave owners and White slave owners and together they benefited from the slave religion of Jesus Christ. They still do!


Wake up out your slumber

Godhatesodomy:




Get rid of the pale faced Jesus Christ worship.

No man has the capacity to be Allah.


Wake up out your slumber

so are you saying people shouldn't worship Jesus or they shouldn't worship white Jesus

Jaysolu:
so are you saying people shouldn't worship Jesus or they shouldn't worship white Jesus

Worship no man or image as the Almighty God.

Mostly certainly you must destroy the pale faced Jesus Christ from your hearts.


Yet it is because you are not connected to God Almighty you don't hear the cries of 100 million Nigerians living in abject poverty. Things were not this way under traditional rule because it forbade images of the God Almighty. Yes, even Sango isn't God Almighty, he is a great and powerful God yet Sango isn't God Almighty.


Wake up out your slumber

Sodomy is worst than White Supremacy

The “Nimrod” Tree
“NIMROD” – The LORD of Christmas

“Nimrod started the great organized worldly apostasy 
from God that has dominated this world until now. 
Nimrod married his own mother, whose name was Semiramis. 
After Nimrod’s death, his so-called mother-wife, 
Semiramis, propagated the evil doctrine of the survival 
of Nimrod as a spirit being. She claimed a full-grown 
evergreen tree sprang overnight from a dead tree stump, 
which symbolized the springing forth unto new life 
of the dead Nimrod. On each anniversary of his birth, 
she claimed, Nimrod would visit the evergreen tree 
and leave gifts upon it. December 25th, was the birthday 
of Nimrod. This is the real origin of the Christmas tree.”





Most that is occurring in this world today has to do with Babylon including the Christmas tree. As I have pointed out the Birthday of Jesus coincides with Nimrod birthday as to show another man raised to be worshipped as the God Almighty. Now you must never forget that dirty Moors and Jews put this religion of Christianity together. Black slave owners and White slave owners have always had a pact. This graven image has made alot of men rich, powerful and wealthy at the expense of Allah. Because people associated evil in the world with Allah not caring when actually they have been cut off from Allah and calling upon a worthless idol.

Wake up out your slumber

.

Godhatesodomy:



Nonsense. Slay the beast. Slay they one who swears he is God Almighty.


Wake up out your slumber

the beast can't even bear the name of Jesus Christ talkless celebrating it . When the Ark of God was placed before the Philistines idol in its temple ,can you tell me what happened to the Philistines idol? Christians have chosen that day to mark Jesus Christ's birth why don't u choose any date or your birthday to mark it . If I assume to be born again on the 25th of December that can translate to be marked as the birth of Lord Jesus Christ in my life . Simple .the Sabbath day was created for man and not man for the Sabbath day according to Jesus Christ. so don't let that day have control over your thoughts. you are only fighting against the awareness of the birth of Jesus Christ,which u can't even provide or have an idea of the real birthday of the Christ,
(

udy821:
the beast can't even bear the name of Jesus Christ talkless celebrating it . When the Ark of God was placed before the Philistines idol in its temple ,can you tell me what happened to the Philistines idol? Christians have chosen that day to mark Jesus Christ's birth why don't u choose any date or your birthday to mark it . If I assume to be born again on the 25th of December that can translate to be marked as the birth of Lord Jesus Christ in my life . Simple .the Sabbath day was created for man and not man for the Sabbath day according to Jesus Christ. so don't let that day have control over your thoughts. you are only fighting against the awareness of the birth of Jesus Christ,which u can't even provide or have an idea of the real birthday of the Christ,
(

It's data from a non emotional point of view. It is several factors not just Dec 2th birthday shared by Nimrod and Jesus. It's the tree and Baal worship which is present in Christianity and the pedophilia. Let's say Nimrod and Jesus are wicked man's attempt to make himself God Almighty.


Wake up out your slumber

Sodomy the worst of evils

 JESUS IS A THOUGHTFORM and that the GENTILE PEOPLES WERE COERCED TO CONVERT TO CHRISTIANITY TO AVOID DEATH (especially during the Inquisition - it appears that the whole dating and chronology of Human History since A.D is false). 


The PRAYERS, the DEVOTION, in short, the PSYCHIC ENERGY PUT IN JESUS-THOUGHTFORM HAS BECOME MORE AND MORE POWERFUL. 

Keep in mind that there are more than 2 billions christians throughout the planet. 


THESE CONSTANT PRAYERS AND DEVOTION HAVE STRENGTHENED THE JESUS THOUGHTFORM UP TO MAKE IT BECOME AUTONOMOUS AND VERY POWERFUL ON ITS OWN. 



There has never been a human being to walk the Earth by the name of Jesus Christ.


Here Blackbeard Mirage goes in on the parasitic demon thoughtform also known as Egregore spirit conjugerd by the Jews like Joeseph Flavis a Rabbi who won the heart and mention in the royal family ruling over Rome the Flavis Greeks. Jesus is sucking the energy of the Gentile or Genisis meaning original race and feeding the Abrahamic reptilian seed. They are called reptile because they are RH negative and have no immunity to Earths parasitic worms that control the minds of hosts they infest. Worms are snakes affecting this hybrid species without the blood antigens to fight their invasion. Imagine the Earth what it is a closed ecological system we share with millions of microscopic entities, thoughtform, spirits, countless species, etc... This is a bit much yet continue reading for more understanding upon the inner earth world as opposed to the nonexistent outer space.. Jesus is s spirit that attacks those who try to break free from the trap. You are fighting more than just the Illuminati we are also fighting this satanic spirit called Jesus. It is a mind hive with billions of spirit trapped inside it.




https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yG7i8Jgfz9M

Wake up out your slumber

wake up out your slumber

Truth is powerful and indisputable

Sodomy is worst than White Supremacy

God hate sodomy

Godhatesodomy:




It's data from a non emotional point of view. It is several factors not just Dec 2th birthday shared by Nimrod and Jesus. It's the tree and Baal worship which is present in Christianity and the pedophilia. Let's say Nimrod and Jesus are wicked man's attempt to make himself God Almighty.


Wake up out your slumber

has December 25th affected your relationship with God negatively? I don't care whether Jesus Christ was born on d 25th or not what I care about is for God so love the world He gave His only Son to save the world from sin and Satan. so I join and celebrate Him by marking 25th December to remember His birth and Easter to mark His saving me from sin. the dates don't matter to me because it is the name I am celebrating that day. The name called Jesus Christ and not Nimrod.

I Don't Care If Jesus Christ Was Born On December 25-Mike Bamiloye Says
opera.com
Popular drama minister, Mike Bamiloye has a word for people who are always arguing the birthdate of Jesus Christ. According to him, whoever doesn’t agree with celebrating Jesus birth on December 25, can choose their own day.
He noted that the essence of Jesus birth was to celebrate the messiah’s coming to the world to save men.
Read his statement below:
WHY THIS POINTLESS ARGUMENT?
- mikebamiloye
Which day was Cancer born? Yet the World gives Cancer A Day to celebrate it as WORLD CANCER DAY.
Which Day was Diabetes born to earn it World Diabetic Day?
Which Day was GIRL Child born?
Which Day was Labour Born to make us celebrate Labour Day Worldwide?
Which Day was AIDS born?
Which Day was Father born and we now celebrate Father's Day?
Which Day was Mother born?
Which Day was Children born before we began to declare Children Day?
You never argue on any of the Days declared by the United Nations to celebrate diseases and Infirmities:
IT IS SHARE IGNORANCE AND KNOWLEDGELESSNESS, THAT WOULD MAKE A MAN TO ARGUE DEDICATING ONLY ONE DAY TO CELEBRATE THE CREATOR OF HEAVEN AND EARTH.
I don't care if Jesus Christ was born on December 25 or not, even if it is on April 13, I care less.
But the Whole World have decided to choose a day to celebrate the Birth of the King of kings, Lord of Lords, the LORD JESUS CHRIST.
Why arguing whether My Lord was born on December 25 or not. While we chose to celebrate His birth on 25th December, you are free to choose your own date, and buy Christmas Tree and organise your own Carol on February 10.
Thank you Jesus Christ for coming into this wretched World to die for me that I might live. And I look forward every year to Celebrate YOU on the Day we all agreed to celebrate Your Glorious Birth.
Merry Christmas, Lord Jesus!

udy821:
has December 25th affected your relationship with God negatively? I don't care whether Jesus Christ was born on d 25th or not what I care about is for God so love the world He gave His only Son to save the world from sin and Satan. so I join and celebrate Him by marking 25th December to remember His birth and Easter to mark His saving me from sin. the dates don't matter to me because it is the name I am celebrating that day. The name called Jesus Christ and not Nimrod.

No man has the capacity to be Allah to show love with justice and balance. Jesus is a Roman creation of Dirty Moors and Dirty Jews.


Wake up out your slumber

The Amorites (/ˈæməˌraɪts/; Sumerian �� MAR.TU; Akkadian Amurrūm or Tidnum; Egyptian Amar; Hebrew: אמורי ʼĔmōrī; Ancient Greek: Ἀμορραῖοι) were an ancient Semitic-speaking people[1] from Syria who also occupied large parts of southern Mesopotamia from the 21st century BC to the end of the 17th century BC, where they established several prominent city states in existing locations, notably Babylon, which was raised from a small town to an independent state and a major city. The term Amurru in Akkadian and Sumerian texts refers to both them and to their principal deity.

The Amorites are also mentioned in the Bible as inhabitants of Canaan both before and after the conquest of the land under Joshua.




Amor Amorites Amuru Amaru Amarna Moor

2 constanants M and R which can be found also in Rome. M is owl in hieroglyphs and the R is a Godhead. Owls chants are considered magical like a kings words are considered law. Ancient kings were God kings yet Nimrod desired to be worshipped as the God of heaven thus his Tower of Babel.


All ancient Moors who founded Babylon and used coniform language to write upon clay tablets. Lots of people don't know the Moors were the first rebels against Allah as they celebrated Nimrod as God Almighty. Having been destroyed by Allah for such transgression the Moors raised up the Cro Magnum Jews and put it in his image instead. Yes Moors and Jews are responsible for the pale faced Jesus Christ worship. The Moors were the founders of Rome and when Paul arrived in Rome 1st century Blacks were everywhere. There are and were alot of Blacks pro slavery, pro perversion and putting blasphemous images up as the God Almighty so they can enslave.


Wake up out your slumber

Truth is powerful and indisputable

The Babylonian Map of the World

 Ste Richardsson

2 years ago

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I was really happy that 32 people turned up to the British Museum tour yesterday. It was the biggest tour group ever.

Alison Boniface posted a picture of the event on Facebook:

photo by Alison Boniface

Among many other fascinating artefacts, we looked at a marvellous clay tablet which has a map of the world on it. It is usually dated to the 5th century BCE and was discovered at Sippar, southern Iraq, 97 km north of Babylon on the east bank of the Euphrates River. It is in fact the oldest known map of the world.

The map is circular with two outer defined circles. The inner circle represents the known world and the outer circle, the salt sea.

Babylon is in the centre of the map and the world is traversed by the two great rivers, the Purattu and the Idiqlat (Euphrates and the Tigris).

Parallel lines at the bottom seem to represent the southern marshes, and a curved line coming from the north, northeast appear to represent the Zagros Mountains. There are seven small interior circles at the perimeter areas within the circle, and they appear to represent seven cities.

Seven triangular sections on the external circle (water perimeter) represent named mountains (or some say islands) but the damaged clay tablet has lost the three mountains on the tablet’s lower edge.

If we take a side-view, rather than a bird’s-eye view, we can see that the Babylonians viewed the cosmos as a 3-tiered structure. The earth was circular, surrounded by the sea, then a shiny dome covered the entire earth and sea, held into place with another ring of land (sometimes a circular range of mountains) and below the world was Arallu, the underworld. The entire cosmos was then surrounded by the waters of chaos, both above and below.

To complete the image of the Babylonian concept of the world and add some characters to the story, we need to look at the Enûma Eliš, a tablet, one of the many tablets which records the Babylonian Creation and Flood stories. The Babylonians read this story every year during the New Year festival Akitu and it begins:

1 When on high, the sky was not named,
2 And the Earth beneath did not yet bear a name,
3 And the primeval Apsu, who begat them,
4 And chaos, Tiamat, the mother of them both
5 Their waters were mingled together,
6 And no field was formed, no marsh was to be seen;
7 When of the gods none had been called into being,
8 And none bore a name, and no destinies were ordained.

Enûma Eliš – Tablet I

A Primeval Battle

The epic goes on to describe an epic battle between Marduk, king of the gods, and Tiamat, the godless of the chaotic sea. Marduk and Bel defeat her, and Bel cleaves her body in twain, and uses it to hold back the primeval waters above and below.

93 Tiamat and Marduk, the sage of the gods, came together,
94 Joining in strife, drawing near to battle.
95 Bel spread out his net and enmeshed her;
96 He let loose the Evil Wind, the rear guard, in her face.
97 Tiamat opened her mouth to swallow it,
98 She let the Evil Wind in so that she could not close her lips.
99 The fierce winds weighed down her belly,
100 Her inwards were distended and she opened her mouth wide.
101 He let fly an arrow and pierced her belly,
102 He tore open her entrails and slit her inwards,
103 He bound her and extinguished her life,
104 He threw down her corpse and stood on it.

135 Bel rested, surveying the corpse,
136 In order to divide the lump by a clever scheme.
137 He split her into two like a dried fish:
138 One half of her he set up and stretched out as the heavens.
139 He stretched the skin and appointed a guardian
140 With the instruction not to let her waters escape.

Enûma Eliš – Tablet IV

This should sound vaguely familiar to anyone who has ever read Genesis. Even though the epic battle and the gory details of the dismemberment of Tiamat’s body have been omitted from the story, in favour of a cerebral and vocal creation, you can recognise the elects of the the Babylonian story. (1) Instead of fighting with a great beast “Tiamat”, the spirit of Elohim hovers over the surface of the deep “tehom” and (2) Instead of cleaving the body of Tiamat and using it to hold back the waters above, Yahwéh Elohim merely speaks a firmament into existence to push back the waters above.

Incidentally, the word for “watery deep” is “tehom” in Hebrew and it is etymologically related to “Tiamat”, the name of the sea goddess whom Marduk fought with. Also, the word for “firmament” in Hebrew is “raqia” and carries the meaning of “beaten out”, just like Bel did with Tiamat’s body. So we can see the stories are related.

Even though the Genesis creation story itself is sanitised as a polemic against the polytheism of Babylon, a Hebrew myth of Yahwéh defeating a great sea creature is preserved in other Bible verses.

Isaiah 51:9b-10 uses Rahab as a double image to represent Yahwéh’s ancient primeval battle with the sea monster at creation, and Yahwéh’s battle with the Red Sea during the Exodus: “Was it not you who cut Rahab to pieces, who pierced that monster through? Was it not you who dried up the sea, the waters of the great deep (tehom), Who made a Road in the depths of the sea so that the redeemed might cross over?”Job 40:25-26 mentions Liwyātān (Leviathan) an ancient sea monster who lives in the waters of chaos and whose name reflects the Canaanite myth of Lotan, a primeval monster defeated by the god Hadad (again Lotan and Liwyātān are etymologically related words): “Can you draw out Liwyātān with a fish-hook? Or press down his tongue with a cord? Can you put a ring through his nose? Or bore his jaw through with a hook?”Psalm 74:13-17 links Leviathan to the creation of the world and to the seasons: “It was you who split open the sea by your power; you broke the heads of the monster in the waters. It was you who crushed the heads of Liwyātān and gave it as food to the creatures of the desert. It was you who opened up springsand streams; you dried up the ever-flowing rivers. The day is yours, and yours also the night; you established the sun and moon. It was you who set all the boundaries of the earth; you made both summer and winter”.

Keep in mind that the Babylonians recited the story of the creation of the world every year at the New Year’s festival of Akitu, so that explains why even though Liwyātān is slain, it is referred to as still existing. It also exaplains why some of the biblical references to slaying the great sea monster refer to the distant primeval past, some refer to the Exodus, and some come across as future prophecy. The slaying of the sea monster was not viewed as a single event, but as a cyclical and recurring cosmic event in cosmological time. The epic poem of Enûma Eliš was recited on the first day of the Babylonian month of Nisannu (1st Nisan), in spring, so the slaying of the sea dragon Tiamat was also viewed as the Sun’s annual defeat of Winter.

The similarities in the two stories are too great to ignore, and when you look at other Bible verses you can really see a picture come together of how the ancient Hebrews perceieved their world and of how much they got from the Babylonians, no matter how they tried to hide that.

The myth of God fighting a sea creature in a great battle and slaying it even passed into the Christian period, with John mentioning the great dragon whose head would be crushed in Revelation 12: 3, 4, 7-9

“Then another sign appeared in heaven: an enormous red dragon with seven heads and ten horns and seven crowns on its heads. Its tail swept a third of the stars out of the sky and flung them to the earth. The dragon stood in front of the woman who was about to give birth, so that it might devour her child the moment he was born. […] Then war broke out in heaven. Michael and his angels fought against the dragon, and the dragon and his angels fought back. But he was not strong enough, and they lost their place in heaven. The great dragon was hurled down—that ancient serpent called the devil, or Satan, who leads the whole world astray. He was hurled to the earth, and his angels with him”.

We can see that by this time, the Christians had mixed two separate Jewish traditions, (1) the tradition of the Great Dragon Leviathan/Rahab and (2) that of the satan, the prosecutor that Yahwéh used in order to mete out his justice.

Interestingly, Rahab, is now the official Hebrew name for the planet Neptune in a 2009 vote organised by the Academy of the Hebrew Language.

At the tour, I forgot to mention the satan, so I will be doing a blog post on it soon and will definitely remember to talk about it in the next tour.

The Ancient Hebrew concept of the World

A firmament stretched like a dome and stopped the chaotic waters from breaching into the world. (Genesis 1:6-7“And Elohim said, “Let there be a firmament between the waters to separate water from water.” So Elohim made the vault and separated the water under the vault from the water above it. And it was so”, see also Proverbs 3:20; 8:27-28, Job 26:7;The firmament was a shiny metallic object make of glass-like material or lapis lazuli (Job 37:15-18 “Hast thou with him spread out the sky, which is strong, and as a molten looking glass?” Exodus 24:10 “There they saw the God of Israel. Under his feet there seemed to be a surface of brilliant blue lapis lazuli, as clear as the sky itself”.)The firmament had windows and doors (floodgates or storehouses) to let rain through (Genesis 7:11b “On that day all the springs of the great deep burst forth, and the floodgates of the heavens were opened”, see also Job 38:22).The firmament was held in place by the “foundations of the heavens” (2 Samuel 22:8, Psalm 102:25)The earth was a circular disc of land (Isaiah 40:22, Proverbs 8:27-28).The earth had a strong base called the “foundations of the earth” (1 Samuel 2:8, 2 Samuel 22:16, Psalm 18:15, Psalm 82:5, Psalm 102:25, Proverbs 8:29, Isaiah 24:18, Isaiah 48:13, Isaiah 51:13, Isaiah 51:16, Jeremiah 31:37, Micah 6:2)The earth was floating in the primeval sea “hanging upon nothing” (Job 26:7)Within the earth was Sheol, the underworld (Job 14:13)The cosmos was not composed of space, but of chaotic waters or “tehom” (Genesis 1:2 “In the beginning God created the sky and the earth. Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of Elohim was hovering over the waters”, see also: Genesis 1:2, 6-7; 7:11, Psalm 24: 1-2; 36:6; 74:13-17; 78:15, Isaiah 51:10, Amos 7:4)In tehom lived Leviathan also known as Rahab (Isaiah 51:9b-10, Job 40:25-26, Psalm 89:8–10, Isaiah 51:9)Yahwéh defeated Leviathan in primal history (Psalm 74:13-17)Yahwéh defeated Leviathan during the parting of the Red Sea (Isaiah 51:9b-10)Yahwéh will continue to defeat Leviathan in the future (perhaps a yearly event marking the return of spring).

Circle of the Earth?

During the tour, a member of the public tagged along to listen to what we had to say. He turned out to be one of Jehovah’s Witnesses and visibly bristled at some of the things I had to say about various ancient artefacts.

By the time I reached the Babylonian Map of the World and started talking about the ancient near-east conception of the earth, a flat earth, he could bear it no more and asked me: “What about Isaiah 40:22 which refers to the ‘circle of the earth’?”. No doubt he believed that the Bible is scientifically accurate in describing the world as a “circle”. After all, a sphere does resemble a circle from all angles. However, there are a few points to note.

The Hebrew word “khug” does not mean sphere, it means a circle.

Other appearances of the word “khug” in the Torah tell us exactly what the word means. In Proverbs 8:27 it says:

“I was there when he set a circle (khug) on the face of the deep (tehom)”.

Some versions translate “khug” here as “edge”. The 1984 NWT (black Bible) translated it as “circle” and the new 2013 NWT (Silver Sword) translates it as “horizon”.

Elohim traces out a circle on the face of the deep which functions as the horizon, or the edge of the world. Again using the word “tehom” (deep) connects this act of creation in Proverbs with the creation in Genesis. The image is of an architect tracing out a line with a compass, and indeed the related Hebrew word for compass is “mekhugah” (literally, a “circle-maker”), which is mentioned in Isaiah 44:12-17 as a tool which idolaters use to mark their idols.

12 The smith maketh an axe, and worketh in the coals, and fashioneth it with hammers, and worketh it with his strong arm: yea, he is hungry, and his strength faileth; he drinketh no water, and is faint. 13 The carpenter stretcheth out a line; he marketh it out with a pencil; he shapeth it with planes, and he marketh it out with the compasses (mekhugah), and shapeth it after the figure of a man, according to the beauty of a man, to dwell in a house. 14 He heweth him down cedars, and taketh the holm-tree and the oak, and strengtheneth for himself one among the trees of the forest: he planteth a fir-tree, and the rain doth nourish it. 15 Then shall it be for a man to burn; and he taketh thereof, and warmeth himself; yea, he kindleth it, and baketh bread: yea, he maketh a god, and worshippeth it; he maketh it a graven image, and falleth down thereto. 16 He burneth part thereof in the fire; with part thereof he eateth flesh; he roasteth roast, and is satisfied; yea, he warmeth himself, and saith, Aha, I am warm, I have seen the fire. 17 And the residue thereof he maketh a god, even his graven image; he falleth down unto it and worshippeth, and prayeth unto it, and saith, Deliver me; for thou art my god.

But did the writers of the Torah really mean sphere when they said circle?

No, there is a word for sphere or ball in Hebrew, “dur”, and the writers of Torah chose not to use it. Isaiah even used the word for sphere/ball in Isaiah 20: 18, where he said: “He will roll you up tightly like a ball and toss you into a wide land”.

This is irrefutable evidence that the Israelites and Babylonians had a very similar concept of the world.

Now, as I said during the tour. Whether you believe the Bible writers knew what the shape of the world really was and merely used these descriptions as metaphors, or you believe that the ancient Hebrews were ignorant desert dwellers who borrowed myths and legends from the peoples around them, it doesn’t change the fact that the Hebrew and Babylonian concepts of the word were very similar, and both are different from our modern 21st century perspective of a spherical Earth held in space by the gravity of the sun.

If you are a person of faith, this information doesn’t need to destroy your faith, and it is not its intention to do so. However, I don’t believe there is any value in trying to squeeze the Bible’s actual words into a modern scientific mould as the Watchtower often does, neither is it useful to claim that the Bible agrees with modern empirical science getting yourself tied up trying to explain away how a circle should really be interpreted as a sphere and how the expression “hanging upon nothing” reallymeans hurtling through the solar system held only by the gravity of the sun.

The Bible is not a book of science, and it can be appreciated on its own terms, as a work of brilliant bronze-age literature which forms the basis of modern Western culture, without having to take every word literally.

After the tour we went to The Crown Pubat 51 New Oxford Street. Here are two pictures from Mary Viney and Jan Howson of the pub meet:

photo by Mary Vineyphoto by Jan Howson

There was a bit of confusion because there is another pub called The Old Crown Pub at number 33. I’m sorry for all those who got lost. I’ll make sure it’s clearer next time.

Please do come again. Yesterday’s focus was more on the upstairs part and the Babylonians and Persians. Next time we’ll be touring the lower part of the British Museum and focusing more on the Egyptians and Assyrians and their relationships with the people of Israel and Judah.

Keep an eye out on this website www.xjwfriends.com or on the meetup.com website: www.meetup.com/xjwfriends.

You can also find out about the events by following the Facebook page www.facebook.com/xjwfriendsUK/ or the support group www./Ukxjw/ for more information on future events.

REFERENCESFinkel, Irving (2004). The Ark before Noah. HodderHayes, Christine (2012). Introduction to the Bible. Open Yale CoursesKaiser, Christopher B. (1997). Creational theology and the history of physical science. Brill.Smith, Mark S. (2003). The Origins of Biblical Monotheism. Oxford University PressHorowitz, Wayne (1998). Mesopotamian cosmic geography. Eisenbrauns.Collins, Adela Yarbro (2000). Cosmology and Eschatology in Jewish and Christian Apocalypticism. Brill. Dahl,Edward H.; Gauvin, Jean-Francois (2003). Sphaerae Mundi. McGill-Queen’s Press – MQUP.Kyle Greenwood, Scripture and Cosmology(Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2015).WEBSITEShttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_cosmologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylonian_astronomy#Cosmologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotanhttps://www.ancient.eu/article/225/enuma-elish—the-babylonian-epic-of-creation—fu/

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Categories: Blog, Original Articles

Tags: astronomy, babylonian, british museum, british museum tour, clay tablets, creationism, cuneiform, jehovah, jehovah's witnesses, JW, jw.org, map of the world, mesopotamia, mesopotamian, tablet, tour







Now of course the Babylonian cosmology of the Earth is a circular plane which is flat. They also pictured the land and sea existing in rings with a dome covering the entire Earth. This is how I conclude that primordial Africans ancestors came from either the inner Earth which Babylonian cosmology declares exist and or they landed from outer land rings. So you can see which I will show later using other ancient sources the Earth has always been flat.


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