The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams - Politics (2) - Nairaland
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| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 9:32pm On Feb 20, 2012 |
I hope somebody is reading what I am reading here. In school I was taught that Mr Mungo Park discovered the source of the River Niger for example. What about the so called Lander Brothers, What did they discover again? After reading this book, it became very irrelevant what the white supremacist ever discovered in Africa and as for me it will forever remain so. If I may ask what was/is the essence of teaching black children the escapades of white supremacist in Africa without first teaching them the truths of their own history ( however, the white supremacist had already come to the conclusion that the blacks had no worthwhile history of their own not to talk of its achievement so they could as well be taught the history of the whites in Africa. What a shame.) if not only to create in the minds of these black kids a negative psychological complexities- you can say inferior complexities. Growing up as a kid and not learning about my true history ( only of course histories of war, hunger, cannibalism and hopelessness) but the history of other races indirectly made me see the so called ''whites'' as ''truly God sent''. But I am a grown man and I know better now. Let continue pls, |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 9:51pm On Feb 20, 2012 |
[b]Where it is impossible to deny black achievements, equal to and often above the whites, such achievements were attributed to some kind of Caucasian influence, even if imaginary . Yet, the AHA Publication Number Fifty-six uses the same strategy that makes Western scholarship so very triumphant . The main thrusts of its racist presuppositions are, for the unwary, completely hidden by much highly welcomed factual materials. But what is certain to disarm almost everyone is racism's forthright attacks on racism throughout the publication . I suppose no one is expected to notice the implied incapacity of black historians to deal with African history objectively . They are not referred to as historians, of course, they are " . . . some modern African intellectuals who have tried to show great civilizations in the past, grander than anything that ever existed ." As a direct result of this continued universal enslavement through education, black youth are in revolt . That revolt will become increasingly dangerous as they begin to realize how completely they are blocked from self-realization in the very institutions that should further it ; how difficult it is to find suitable textbooks in black history or even "Negro" teachers who do not limit themselves to the viewpoints of the white masters who trained them . The frustrations become more intolerable as the young find themselves between two fires : The white racists who determine the very nature of their education and the Negro educators who also see the world through the blue eyes of the Saxons . In short, they are forced to turn to their own devices because they find so many of their own race, who should be working with them, in the camps of the "enemy ." Insofar as periodization is concerned, no one should be so naive as to expect a proper division of African history while the field is almost completely preempted by the enemies of that history . A proper division would tend to encourage a more all-inclusive research and a less biased interpretation of the results . Neither will happen until a new generation of black research scholars and historians take to the field, becoming the foremost authorities in their own right-black historians, not a single one of whom will fall in Professor Phillip D . Curtin's category of black intellectuals who try to "show great civilizations in the past, grander than anything that ever existed ." The new research efforts call for black experts not only in the field of history but also in the allied fields from which African history must heavily draw : archaeology, anthropology, linguistics, etc .[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 9:58pm On Feb 20, 2012 |
[b]THE NEW APPROACH The first period would begin with "prehistory," primarily because Nowe, one of the oldest cities on earth, was begun by Blacks before recorded history . Another important reason is that the Canaanites and Asians had invaded the Nile Delta and established a stronghold in Lower Egypt (then Northeastern Ethiopia or Chem) in prehistoric times . This early concentration of whites along the seacoasts of the Land of the Blacks is a circumstance of crucial importance in black history"because it was exactly from this development that the achievements of the Blacks were overshadowed by later writers or blotted out entirely . The call is for black specialists for one period in one area . What, for example, was the actual influence of the white Asians, rigidly held back for centuries in the lower one-fourth of the country, upon the Blacks who held the three-fourths that came to be known as Upper Egypt? Review and indepth studies of this period are required . The general historian is out . The best general histories, region by region, can be written only after the work of the specialists is done . The second period might well be from the conquest of Lower Egypt by the Ethiopian leader, Menes, in 3100 B .C. to the end of the Sixth Dynasty, 2181, also the end of the Old Kingdom .' This was the period that gave birth to Egypt, and before which there was no Egypt . It was the period during which black kings united the "Two Lands," started the dynastic (lineage) system, and began the building of the greatest civilization . The greatest in-depth review and concentration of research should be focused on this second period . It was, in fact, the Golden Age in the history of the Blacks, the age in which they reached the pinnacle of a glory so dazzling in achievements that Western and Arab writers felt compelled to erase it by the sheer power of their position, beginning black history over 3,000 years later, and limiting it-such as they allowed, to "Africa South of the Sahara ." The third period of black history in Egypt should begin with the Seventh Dynasty, 2181 B.C ., and subdivided into the tragic periods of internal turmoil and white invasions . The first subdivision would be from 2181 B .C. to 2040 B .C. covering the Seventh Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Dynasties . Thereafter, strict chronology should be ignored in --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Notes 3 . Earlier dates, such as 4500 B.C ., are also given and accepted by many authorities ; for conflicting dates do appear in ancient records . I do not debate the point .[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 10:04pm On Feb 20, 2012 |
[b]order to focus on a single issue : The role of invasions and conquests in the destruction of black civilization with the resulting ethnic transformation of Egypt from black to brown (Afro-Asian and Afro-European), to white . This means that the second subdivision would bypass the Restoration period of the great Eleventh and Twelfth Dynasties for the next period of invasion and conquest, the Hebrew (Hyksos) rule, 1645-1567 B.C. Again, bypassing the New Empire, the other subdivisions would study the periods of Assyrian, Persian, Greek, Roman and Arab invasions and the impact of their conquests and rule on the Blacks . The fourth major division would begin with the skipped-over Eleventh and Twelfth Dynasties, 1786-1233 B.C, the great Eighteenth, 1567- 1320, and then continue from the Age of Ramses to the end of the Twenty-fourth Dynasty, 1330-730 . The fifth period should be from the last of the Black pharaohs to the destruction of the remaining southern division of the Ethiopian Empire below the First Cataract, 730 B .C. to the fifth century (A.D .). The sixth period : From the reemergence of successor black states in the fifth century A .D . to their final destruction by the Arabs in the thirteenth century . The seventh period, like the second, should not be a time division of neat and largely irrelevant chronological sequences . It is a study of migrations of the Blacks that covered many centuries, but which became more widespread and desperate after the Arab conquest of the original center of black civilization in the Sudan . The long periods of wandering all over the continent, often aimlessly, comprised the great historic race of the Blacks for survival, a race that tried to outdistance famine, disease, slavery and death . The period that deserves more intense study and critical analysis extends from the thirteenth century to colonialism in the nineteenth . Elsewhere I have posed the most perplexing question : If the Blacks were among the very first builders of civilization and their land the birthplace of civilization, what has happened to them that has left them since then, at the bottom of world society, precisely what happened? The Caucasian answer is simple and well-known : The Blacks have always been at the bottom . This answer is clear even in the histories and other educational material which whites so busily prepare for Blacks . Almost all of the true answers will be found in the study of the causes of the migrations and the tragic results stemming directly from those seemingly endless movements of fragmented peoples .[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 10:06pm On Feb 20, 2012 |
[b]How was the art of writing lost by one of the first peoples to invent it? Study the migrations . How and why did a once-great people, with a common origin, splinter off into countless little independent societies and chiefdoms from which 2,000 different languages and dialects developed? Study the migrations . What caused the brother-against- brother internecine wars, hatreds, slavery and mutual suspicion among the various black societies? Again, study the migrations! There would be several subdivisions of great importance . Slavery and the slave trade, for example, would include Africa, Asia and the Americas. This would be the background for later periods covering black history in the United States, South America and the Caribbean areas . The eighth division is the reemergence of African kingdoms and empires, by regions, between the tenth and nineteenth centuries . This was the period during which there were attempts in every region of Africa to restore the glory that was Ethiopia's. It is doubtful if any of these black states realized that they were being slowly but steadily surrounded and hemmed in from all directions by invaders from the seacoasts and across the Sahara . The ultimate fall of the black states, first under Islamic and then under European Christian blows, closed this period with the triumph of colonialism . The final period is the Black Revolution that ended political colonialism with the rise of politically independent states . This would take us from 1950 to the present, and should be subdivided for the developments in Black America, South America, and the "Islands of the Seas ." From the new approach and plan for research, study and development of African history presented above, "periodization," while recognized as highly important, is not allowed to so fragment a great movement or development covering many periods and milleniums that their real significance is lost . Examples are the ethnic transformation of Egypt from black to brown to white, and the long centuries of the great migrations . These defied periodization in any meaningful sense . I'only made passing reference in the work to Blacks scattered outside of Africa over the world, not from the slave trade, but from dispersions that began in prehistory . This fact alone indicates the great tasks of future scholarship on the real history of the race . We are actually just on the threshold, gathering up some important missing fragments . The biggest jobs are still ahead .[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 10:24pm On Feb 20, 2012 |
[b]Ancient China and the Far East, for example, must be a special area of African research . How do we explain such a large population of Blacks in Southern China, powerful enough to form a kingdom of their own? Or the black people of Formosa, Australia, the Malay peninsula, Indo-China, the Andaman and numerous other islands? The heavy concentration of Africans in India, and the evidence that the earliest Aryan chiefs were black (which will make Hitler rise from his grave) open still another interesting field for investigation . Even the "Negroid" finds in early Europe appear not to be as challenging as the black population centers in Asia . For, again, reference is not made to small groups which may have wandered anywhere over the earth ; rather, our concern is with great and dominant populations . These are the Blacks who have so puzzled Western scholars that some theorize that Asia or Europe may be the homeland of Africans after all . The African populations in Palestine, Arabia and Mesopotamia are better known, although the many centuries of black rule over Palestine, South Arabia, and in Mesopotamia should be studied and elaborated in more detail . All of this will call for a new kind of scholarship, a scholarship without any mission other than the discovery of truth, and one that will not tremble with fear when that truth is contrary to what one prefers to believe . Nothing is clearer than the tragic fact that Africa, like the rest of the black world, has only the illusion of being free and independent . It is only about one-third free . It is still as economically enshackled as it ever was, in some respects more so. The study of this period and the conditions it presents will confront the Blacks of the world with the final challenge . The response to that challenge will be the test of the genius of the race . The outcome and, indeed, the whole future of the race depends upon the extent to which we have become intellectually emancipated and decaucasianized enough to pioneer in original thinking . Those who do become free in fact, will no longer readily grab the white man's ideologies and systems whether capitalism, the Western version of democracy, or communism, without a critical review and analysis to determine whether Africa's own traditional system, when updated, may not be truly superior and best fitted to meet the aspirations of the black world . This last period, then, is the time of great decisions . It may well be the black race's last chance for a rebirth and salvation . The division proposed above for a new approach in the research, teaching and study of African history will outrage most Western and Arab scholars, along with their subservient Negro followers, because I [/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 10:29pm On Feb 20, 2012 |
have shifted the main focus from the history of Arabs and Europeans in Africa to the Africans themselves, a history of the Blacks that is a history lacks . They will be coming back, center stage, into their own history at last But to what end? Will it be just for the intellectual satisfaction of knowing our true history? Knowing it, but so what?The answer is nothing, unless from history we learn what our strengths were and, especially, in what particular aspect we are weak and vulnerable. Our history can then become at once the foundation and guiding light for united efforts in serious planning what we should be about now . |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 10:30pm On Feb 20, 2012 |
To be continued, |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 8:41pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]The Overview THE LAND OF THE BLACKS WAS A VAST LAND, A BIG WORLD unto itself covering 12,000,000 square miles . From its northernmost point in what is now Tunisia to Cape Aqulhas is approximately 5,000 miles, and in its widest extent from east to west it is 4,600 miles . The whole of this second largest continent was once Bilad as Sudan, "The Land of the Blacks," and not just the southern region to which they had been steadily pushed from the north . After Asian, Greek and Roman occupations, the term "Sudan" came to indicate the areas not yet taken from the Blacks and was co-extensive with the Ethiopian empire . For the Ethiopian empire once extended from the Mediterranean north and southward to the source of the Nile in the country (Abyssinia) which recently reverted to the ancient name of the Ethiopian empire of which in earlier times it formed its southeastern provinces . Even as late as the times of Menes, 3,100 B.C., Ethiopia still included three-fourths of Egypt, or up to twenty-nine degrees North parallel . The Asians held the Delta region, hence "The Two Lands" -well-known to all historians but never fully explained . (To explain the "Two Lands," of course, would blast the myth about the builders of Egyptian Civilization .) It was pointed out that the study of the Blacks must begin in Egypt because most of their indestructible monuments are there ; and, further, because many of the artifacts archaeologists have been uncovering during the past seventy-five years as "Egyptian" are in fact "African ." Yet the very "Heartland of the Race" and the cradle of civilization were actually further south below the First Cataract, centered around the[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 8:51pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]capital cities of Napata and Meroe . From there black civilization spread north, reaching its most spectacular achievements in what became known as "Egyptian Civilization ." The general condition of vast stretches of uninhabited and uninhabitable land over the continent seemed to support the Western thesis that Africans never developed any worthwhile civilization with a notable historic past. The more charitable might add that in the very nature of their situation it could not have been otherwise . Samuel Baker went far in promoting the idea of African innate inferiority even if he had to use the most forbidding area in Africa to do it-the terrible swamplands of the Sudd, an area south of Khartoum, that, in its full extent, is as big as England . No one would claim that any kind of society, civilized or savage, could exist in the Sudd Swamplands, probably the largest in the world . For it was neither all land nor water, but a seemingly endless mass of rotting vegetation, interwoven tree-like vines, steaming heat, swarming man-killing mosquitoes, crocodiles, hippos and other unknown forms of tropical life . The conclusion of Baker and others was that they were in a land where time had stood still since its beginning, where life never advanced and the human species had simply rotated in aimless cycles like the animal life in the Sudd . As late as the 1840s and 50s these explorers, even the most ignorant, should have known that in the same vast continent of wastelands, tropical rain forests and swamplands, there were also areas of arable land and civilized states . But they wrote about what they saw the most of: vast stretches of wasteland and secluded groups of "strange" people . But, as we shall see, some of the great kingdoms and empire-builders in Africa seem not to have known the meaning of failure or to have any ideas about surrendering to fate . Ejected here, they led the people there-and began to build again . Wherever the splintered-off refugee groups found a place where the soil seemed favorable for cultivation, and the land unoccupied by preceding migrants, they settled and began to build villages again . A sense of relative security was a necessary factor in deciding where to begin a new settlement . A crucial question was how many miles had they put between the slave hunters and themselves? For the kind of houses and community buildings they would erect depended directly on the probability of permanent settlement or sudden flight again . In short, they could build large, sturdy and attractive compound homes and temples of worship or easily demolished huts .[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 8:56pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]It was for reasons of security that so many of these groups, later called tribes or societies, sought the most hidden and isolated areas they could find . This permanent separation from their kinsmen in other groups was generally quite contrary to their hearts' desires . The original splintering off and parting was often done in tears . But breaking up into smaller units seemed to be the only route to survival in a permanent crisis situation-apparently permanent, since the movement of people over the continent had been going on so far beyond the memory of each generation that migrations and temporary settlements were among the most significant facts in the oral tradition of each society . Fragmentation and isolation had two momentous consequences . The first was that the isolation of various groups led to the development of over two thousand different dialects and languages . The second fateful outcome was that the rise of all these tongues widened the gulf between the Blacks that territorial distances had already achieved . One should pause here for reflection if there is any serious attempt to really understand what happened to the African people and why . For even without the aid of Western writers in emphasizing the language differences and the cultural variations and attempting to show how unrelated the Blacks were, they, in time, came to consider themselves unique with each society not only independent of the other but independent of its enemy, if only potentially . Disunity and mutual suspicion became an African way of life . Small chiefdoms sprang up everywhere, often no more than a village of one or two hundred people . Africa, therefore, presented itself to Asia and Europe as the ideal land for exploitation, enslavement and conquest . The history is complex and many-sided, and would be so if we were discussing just one nation and not an entire continent . Ths is why our focus must be on the main lines of development, the African-wide aspects, and the unmistakable common origin and continent-wide sameness of basic institutions which these universal aspects reflect . There were, then, different outcomes for different societies . Some perished even to the last member from disease, starvation or warfare . Others, despairing of ever again being able to have a fixed abode, became nomads . Some, although isolated so long that .they had developed different languages and customs, had nevertheless decided that salvation required a union with other groups. These were the tribes that merged with other tribes, lost their separate identity and languages ; and who evolved from this process a single common language, larger[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 9:00pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]and larger chiefdoms, kingdoms, and finally empires that began the rebirth of their long lost civilization . The fiercest wars between the Blacks occurred in the founding and expansion of new kingdoms and empires . For while the core groups were voluntary confederations, expansion of an empire required the conquest of neighboring states, usually small, independent chiefdoms, that preferred to maintain their absolute sovereignty . The repercussions from this forced unity by conquest were to shake the continent from end to end centuries later when European political rule ended . Modern Africans and students of Africa have tended to emphasize the destructive impact of European imperialism in Africa while ignoring the most damaging developments from the Arab impact before the general European takeover in the last quarter of the nineteenth century, a relatively recent period . This point is important. For one of the most remarkable chapters in the history of the Blacks is that dealing with those dauntless leaders and people who, having lost one state after another along with three-fourths of their kinsmen, nevertheless overrode all the forces of destruction and death and began to build, always once again, still another state . From the earliest times the elimination of these states as independent African sovereignties had been an Asian objective, stepped up by Muslim onslaughts after the seventh century A .D . So the reestablished black states were still being conquered and Islamized when Europeans began to arrive in great numbers to impose their rule over both Asians and Africans. The big thing that happened here, to repeat, is generally glossed over, ignored or forgotten . The last being a pretension, since a historical development of this magnitude could hardly be forgotten by serious writers on Africa . For what happened, very simply, was that European imperialism in Africa checked and replaced Arab imperialism . The Arab screams against Western imperialism are the screams of outrage against Western imperialists for checking and subduing Eastern imperialists in the very midst of the Blacks they had conquered . There are still countless thousands of Blacks who are naive enough to believe that the Arabs' bitter attack on Western colonialism show their common cause with Black Africa .[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 9:06pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]Insofar as those who were fortunate enough to find promising areas for settlement are concerned, the picture was generally one of state building and the revival of basic African institutions which, though not forgotten, could neither be maintained nor developed by any people forever on the move . But what about the countless societies, fleeing before the conquering hordes and the enslavers, as well as famine and the deaths which were their daily companion ; what about those who found no Promised Land anywhere? For quite unlike the societies I mentioned that could settle down and had the opportunity to start and develop civilizations comparable to any elsewhere in the world at the time, these people could neither settle down nor, therefore, develop a civilization . What they suffered from year to year as they wandered over the continent is almost beyond both description and belief . In fact, while the story is well-known, few writers would want to go into its awful details . Suffice to say at this point that, here, then, were numerous societies of Africans that were virtually sentenced either to death from starvation or enslavement by Arabs (I am still in the pre-European period) or barbarism and savagery and, in many cases, even cannibalism . Under such conditions I would defend not only the retrogression of these people to barbarism, but to cannibalism itself . The defense of the latter is easy, since it has been well-established that other supposedly highly civilized men will revert to savagery and cannibalism under prolonged conditions of extreme hunger and thirst, when survival itself was the only question that dominates the human mind . This phenomenon of reverting to a state of savagery and even cannibalism under extreme conditions of starvation is known to occur universally among various peoples-white, black, brown, red, or yellow . The facts we have, then, show that after they lost Egypt and the Eastern Sudan, some Africans, overriding all adverse conditions, grouped themselves to form nations and developed a high order of civilization independent of any external influences . Others never settled anywhere long enough to develop anything notable, but seemed to remain in a state of lethargy or suspended animation . They had surrendered to fate and became too weak to fight hack . They descended to a state of semibarbarism. ''Descended,'' because most of these societies had known better times and a higher order of life . Some in more favorable circumstances, nevertheless, failed to advance . Still others were in the class discussed in connection with cannibalism-hunger-crazed people who[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 9:24pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]had sunk to the lowest levels of dog-eat-dog existence . These last are the people about whom European and American authors delight to write . No cartoons are better known than those showing a sweating white man (usually an explorer or missionary) being cooked in a huge black pot, while black savages dance around with human bones decorating their heads or stuck through pierced noses . The idea these "experts" on Africa have been planting, and still actively plant, in the minds of the peoples of the world is that "This is Africa, and these are the savages who are now clamoring for independence!" NATURE JOINS THE ATTACK The question of physiology, vegetation, climate, water, and soil are all more crucial in the history of the Blacks than they are in the case of any other people . For here a whole continent is involved, and on that continent a people who, in one period of time, were among the foremost people on earth, and in a later period, the farthest behind . Nature itself set an environmental stage in a manner and under conditions which appear to have been designed to test to the utmost one race's moral, intellectual and physical powers to override all obstacles to survival . The slow but relentlessly steady withdrawal of inhabitable land over the centuries eventually left Africa a land of desolation, a wasteland, the greater part of which was desert and treeless grassland with only a fractional part, about ten percent, with the much needed forests and thickets . Even the continental land configuration was against its native inhabitants . Like a vast inclined plane, the highlands, beginning in Central Africa at 3,000 feat above sea level, rose southward to higher and higher levels, reaching the highest level of 15,000 feet in the southeastern provinces of the ancient Ethiopian empire. This caused Africa to slope northward and its principle, the Nile in particular, to flow in the same direction . This single circumstance cause the Blacks to lose the very earliest centers of their civilization and the heartland of the race- Egypt and the southern area that was later called the Sudan (or Land of the Blacks, just as though Egypt itself was not also formerly the ''Land of the Blacks'') . For the greatest of their rivers, the Nile, played still another tragic joke on its people . This river, the longest in the world, flows 4,127 miles across Africa from Lake Nyanza to the Mediterranean . Yet not until it reaches Assuan (Aswan) and begins its last stretch of 750 miles to[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 9:33pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]the sea does it overflow to further enrich 13,500 square miles of already fertile soil in Egypt! For its 3,377 miles through the heart of Black Africa, the Nile sank as it cut deep canyons in its soft limestone floor, leaving cliffs at places from a few hundred to a thousand feet high . What this means is that for over 3,000 miles through the eastern side of the continent the Nile was collecting the rich soil carried to it by the heavy rains and a thousand tributary streams . These flow into the "Mother of Rivers" add to the enrichment of its waters flowing northward, "guarded" all the way by her deep channels until it reaches the hard sandstone bottom above Assuan and then begins its periodic overflow the rest of the way to the sea! Here, a natural phenomenon cheated the Africans in a big way that was to have dire consequences . There could be no black ''Daughter of the Nile'', observed Parsons in his Streams of History . For the Nile, in making Upper Ethiopia (Egypt) so rich in food production that it became world famous not only as the "Bread Basket of the World," but also for its highly advanced civilization, stirred the envy of Asia and Europe-from which continents migrants began to settle . Even in this, the physical geography of Africa was favorable to the "peaceful" settlers who later were to become its conquerors and rulers ; for the seacost is lowland everywhere, not more than 500 feet above sea level, and remains lowland 500 miles inland . Asian and European occupation of the sea coasts of North Africa and East Africa was, therefore, relatively easy, and probably even welcomed at first by the Blacks as co-partners in world trade . But the poor and hungry nomads from the vast desert areas of the Middle East poured into the most fertile and easily accessible areas of this other land of deserts that is North Africa . There were several consequences of the greatest historical importance which are generally not sufficiently stressed . The first was that both the Saharan transformation and the steady incursion of Asians pressured more and more Blacks back into the interior to concentrate in the already limited survival areas where just to subsist was a daily struggle . The second important result was the wide-spread amalgamation of the races. For the weaker, more submissive Blacks remained in Asian occupied territory to become slave laborers and slave soldiers, . and to witness a ruthless sexual traffic in Black women that gave rise to a new breed of Afro-Asians . These were classed as Caucasians or Asians . They themselves bitterly objected to being identified with the race of[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 9:42pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]their mothers-African . When these later became known as Egyptians in Egypt, Moors in Morocco and Mauretanians or Carthaginians in Carthage (Tunis), great care was taken to distinguish them from Africans in daily intercourse, in paintings and in documentary literature. This "New Breed," half-African, was to join with their Asian fathers and forefathers in the wars and enslaving raids against the Blacks that went on century after century until all North Africa was eventually taken . Still another fateful geographical factor that favored the invaders has been implied or partly stated in the foregoing observations . Aside from the easy occupation of the lowlands of the seacoast and the gradual taking-over of the rich lands of the Nile valley and its ancient civilization, both Asians and Europeans found the highlands of southern and eastern Africa "more pleasant and healthy for Caucasian settlement ." This meant that even after nature had damned three-fourths of the continent's land mass as impossible to support human life, the Asians and Europeans came in to seize and hold the best of the one-fourth that was left . The Blacks found themselves cut off from all seacoasts that then mattered, hemmed in from all directions, and confined within narrower and narrower limits . Thus they became a wandering people, forever migrating in their own vast homeland, fragmenting from great united nations into countless little splinter societies, becoming so isolated from each other that each formed a new language of its own, considering themselves quite different from their original brothers who were then regarded as strangers and enemies in the endless tribal wars that ensued over the inhabitable land . The land over which these struggles took place varied in different regions . So did the climate that so greatly affected it ; the people, and even some of their institutions, varied under environmental influences . The land mass in the eastern regions, for example, has been undergoing a vertical movement of elevation, a sinking and leveling process occasioned by the atmosphere and weathering since Miocene times . Geologists trace the elevation of the mountains in the area, including Kilimanjaro, and the faulting and fracturing that created the Great Rift, to early volcanic activity . In the arid and semi-arid regions there are vast stretches of desolate land which were not made so by nature alone . For, like the Sahara itself, much of it was once woodland where animal life flourished and streams flowed . Man played the leading role in this destruction by the use of fire in his shifting farm methods. Animals also helped in the process . The relation of green grass and forest to climate and climate to rainfall seems[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 9:46pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]not to have been known or fully appreciated . In treeless and grassless areas the periodic rains evaporate into non-water-holding earth . One may travel hundreds of miles over regions of this kind without finding a single stream . All rivers and streams have disappeared like the raindrops in the sand . Because of the same physical characteristics of the land previously discussed, irrigation was extremely difficult, and in most places impossible, outside of Egypt . We have spoken so much about African deserts of sand and rocks that one might be misled into thinking that it was this kind of land alone that could not support a population . But there were vast non-desert areas of hard red and red-brown soil that had been leached by heavy rainfall, robbed of its essential elements for vegetation (such as calcium and phosphorus), and, of course, its once rich humus of top-soil . This continuous weathering was obviously destructive . The soil problem was further aggravated by having underneath floors of hard laterite elements, just as though there was a master plan to guarantee that this soil would not hold any water . Therefore, the problem involved far more than restoring top-soil and a land conservation program to prevent erosion, because the hard floor underneath drained away the rainfall as fast as it reached that level . "No corner or scrap of land in Africa has escaped hunger," says Josue de Castro in his Geography of Hunger . "This is a continent of the starving, all of it . And in hunger and chronic malnutrition may be found one of the most decisive reasons for the backwardness of Africa, for the relative stagnation and lassitude of the greater part of its people ." But the "Garden of Eden" areas must not be overlooked when we are considering the general, overall conditions . These are areas which, while not comparable to the rich flood plains of the Nile valley and Delta, have unfertilized soil that nevertheless produce a surprisingly rapid growth of abundant vegetation and a heavy concentration of animal and bird life . These are the areas where fruits and nuts of many varieties grow in abundance without the aid of man . Without these areas of salvation here and there over the continent, along with pastoral grazing land, the Blacks as a race would have doubtlessly perished from the earth . They almost did . The trend once seemed to be definitely in the direction of extinction . Even if we dismiss accounts of planned mass extermination by their enemies as "unreliable," too many other threats to survival remained to darken every ray of hope . Disease was[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 9:50pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]everywhere the offspring of distress, privation, hunger and malnutrition . It spread over the land as advance scouts for death . Over half of Africa's babies were either born dead or died soon after birth . Old age was between forty and fifty years . Three-fourths of the people, as even today, are still weakened by malnutrition and malarial water, and a number of diseases that are largely traceable to these two causes : beriberi, pellagra, scurvy and even leprosy . The scourge of childhood is Kwaskiokor, or malignant malnutrition . This accelerated depopulation of the black man's countries resulting from the nature of soil and climate, mass enslavement, deaths in resisting slavery, wars of conquest, intertribal conflicts, exhaustions from endless flights and migrations and ever-present disease-all this reduced the Black population by three-fourths! Under reasonable, favorable conditions, the African population today would he four times its present number . And when it is pointed out that three-fourths of the people today are still weakened by malaria and malnutrition, reference is made to the one-fourth of the people who survived in spite of it all . How, then, were the Blacks able to battle invading enemies from one end of the continent to the other for several thousand years? True, they were overcome in the end, but what sustained them through all those centuries of struggle on so many different fronts and against so many different kinds of enemies? Weakened so generally by both disease and what became perpetual hunger, whence came their strength and courage to carry on? It may well he that the answers lie in the death-defying pyramids they built in Egypt when the land was theirs . PRE-CONDITIONS FOR PROGRESS THERE MUST BE A NUMBER OF PRE-CONDITIONS WITHOUT which the genius of any people for thinking, inventing, discovering and building will be inhibited or eventually die under extreme circumstances. A few of these pre-conditions for progress are : (1) The people must become famine-free and able to settle down and end their perennial roaming from place to place in search of food and water . (2) Finding suitable territory, the leaders must proceed, through negotiations with other neighboring societies and fragmented groups, to nation-building . (3) A crucial pre-condition : There must be developed a sense of[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 9:53pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]national community among the various language groups that make up the country . This is so important that it cannot be left to wishful thinking or chance . It must be programmed in such a way that a sense of loyalty and of being an important part of a great united brothersisterhood, which is the nation itself, will develop naturally and allow (4) a strong army for defense, and (5) the reign of law and justice to apply equally to all classes in the society . The people must feel absolutely secure as individuals, that in their country there is equal justice for all . In short, certain conditions in a country can bring about that internal peace, stability, and confidence which unshackle the mind . There is now time to think . No more trekking with bleeding feet for hundreds of miles across rocky deserts . No more seeing your kinsmen fall out to welcome death along the way . A home at last, better farms, plenty of food . And now . . . time to think . There is nothing mystical about the reasons why one group of people can easily become physically and mentally strong while another becomes physically weak and less mentally alert . An abundance of nutritious food and pure drinking water may spell the difference between advance and decay . The number of death-dealing diseases developing from malnutrition alone is alarming . But what should be stressed above everything else is that millions of babies may become both physically and mentally retarded by disease while in their mother's wombs-which is another way of saying that a people wholly ignorant or indifferent to basic health can themselves become inferior in fact . But even this central fact, when fully realized, will still remain in the field of mere discussion until Blacks everywhere begin mass organization for mass education for the masses . The system is so structured, worldwide, that Blacks are forced into conditions that can even lead to genetic inferiority . There must be a breakthrough or there will be gradual extinction . This is the final precondition for survival and advancement . Your attention is called again to the map of Africa, for it is very significant where the earliest invaders entered and permanently settled . They took over the areas of trade that allowed easy contact with their homeland and the other nations of the world . This is a point that simply cannot be overstressed in considering the plight of the African people . In the north they settled around the Meditteranean, thereby maintaining contact with Europe and Asia . In the northeast, east, and south, they settled along the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean, thereby[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 9:56pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]keeping in touch with their homeland and the trade countries farther away. Black Africa was thus hemmed in and effectively cut off, commercially and otherwise, from the rest of the world . The techniques of penetration and dominance were varied . Some came as peaceful traders and, doubtless, trade was all that was intended by many . Africans were always eager traders . The main attraction of foreign traders was that they brought in many new kinds of commodities. These traders had little or no trouble in gaining coastal footholds as trading posts . The land was not sold, but leased . However, the Blacks had what the world wanted most : gold, diamonds, ivory, copper, iron ore and, themselves. The "trading posts" soon became strong fortifications around which villages and towns sprang up as settlers from Asia poured in and armed forces became organized . The Africans watched these developments with increasing apprehension, for the "traders" were often armed with superior and different types of weapons of war and spent much time in training recruits, including Africans . Indeed, in some areas a definite pattern emerged : an all-African army under Asian officers (a pattern to be followed later by the Europeans) . This was easy enough for the Arabs . They owned the captured Africans who made up their fighting forces . The Africans could blame only themselves for this . Here, as in certain other things, they were still engaged in practices which, while once universal, had long since been dying out or generally abandoned by the rest of the world . This one was the enslavement of captured prisoners of war . When African chiefs and kings began to sell these to slave-hungry Arabs, they set in motion a chain of events that was to undermine the civilizations of the most advanced societies on the continent, further checking their progress and degrading their whole race for another two thousand years . When the sale of their fellows became the chief source of wealth, African leaders became increasingly estranged from the finest thing in African life, the sense of community and of kinship with all who would be friends . When Freed severed the traditional ties of brotherhood, the gradual movement of the invaders from the coastal areas inland became relatively easy . Blacks against Blacks with increasing suspicion and hatred may be traced to the Africans' own slave raids . The inland raids for slaves were resisted by some chiefs and the raiders were attacked . But this opposition[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 10:01pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]was not always due to any opposition to slavery, but to this kind of direct action which bypassed the chiefs and thereby eliminated their profits . THE CONQUEST OF THE BLACKS BY RELIGION Other invaders found penetration easy under the banners of religion . Full advantage was taken of the fact that Africans are a very religious people . First came the Crescent flag of the Prophet . The Islamic advance was three-pronged : proselytizing missions claiming one brotherhood ; widespread intermarriages and concubinage with African women, due to the Muslim system of polygamy ; and forceful conversions at sword point . The Cross of Jesus Christ followed the Muslim Crescent . The cloak of Christianity was a most convenient hiding place for those who had other designs . Hence, the drive to convert . Conversion here meant far more than conversion to Christianity . As in the case of Islam, it meant change into the white man's image, his ideas and value system . The real object of worship turned out to be neither Jesus Christ nor His Father, God, but Western man and Western civilization . Christian brotherhood? Well, eh, yes! In principle . Or, to be practical, you Blacks can have all the Christian brotherhood you desire-among yourselves . Apartheid was Africa-wide under colonialism, and not a peculiarity of the South African system as so many are led to think .' But what happened in the process of converting the Blacks to Islam and Christianity was the supreme triumph of the white world over the black . Millions of Africans became non-Africans . Africans who were neither Muslims nor Christians were classed as "pagans" and therefore required to disavow their whole culture and to regard practically all African institutions as "backward" or savage . The Blacks in their own right became non-persons, members of a race of nobodies, so hopeless that self-realization as personalities, even in a subordinate status, could only be achieved by becoming Muslims or Christians . Indeed, in order to destroy completely not only their African heritage, but also their very ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Notes 1 . There were, however, numerous chiefs who not only opposed slavery, but fought against it to the death =literally . Some were encircled and with their whole people died fighting the enslaver to the end . 2. The pattern of continent-wide segregated communities can be seen even today in independent African states .[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 10:06pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]African identity psychologically, they were forced to change their names to Arabic and Christian names . Henceforth, if these Black Emils, Johns, Muhammads, Samuels, and Abdullahs happened to achieve greatness in some field, the assumption would be that it was Caucasian achievement, unless a special effort was made to identify the race of the persons in question . Blacks at home in Africa and Blacks scattered over the world bore the names of their enslavers and oppressors, the ultimate in self-effacement that promoted a self-hatred which made pride in the race difficult . That these psychological shackles still handicap not only the rebirth of modern African states, but also Blacks everywhere, should he obvious to all . Finally, there were the invaders who apparently disdained the cloak of deception and came in fighting . They had no problems . They knew in advance that they would find the Africans, almost everywhere, unprepared to defend themselves against a well-organized, well-trained body of men, no matter how small . This situation developed as splinter, independent little states became more and more numerous . The use of secret agents seems to be as old as organized states ; for the practice of sending spies as goodwill ambassadors, traders, etc ., well in advance into a country to be invaded, goes far back into antiquity . Those sent into Africa from various lands could report back that : 1 . The Africans were largely a peaceful people engaged in agriculture, mining trades, fishing, the arts, crafts of various kinds and manufacturing such things as pottery, furniture, building materials, boats, weapons of war, etc . 2. These settled states and their generally highly developed social and political systems indicate their advanced civilization . 3. But they were ill-prepared for war, except against their neighbors, who also use the kind of spears, bows and arrows which we had abandoned long since . 4. In general, they have no swiftly moving, mounted soldiers . One hundred of our dashing calvarymen with fire-power could put 10,000 of them to flight. 5 . They are a secretive people . For while they are fully aware of the great mineral wealth of the continent, they use it in a very limited way, mainly for personal adornment, and have no desire to open up to foreigners for world commerce that would greatly benefit them . Accordingly, they rigidly limit their trading activities, but mainly because[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 10:10pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]Asians hold all of their seacoasts and have them cut off from the world and its trade . 6. Finally, the whole of Africa could, with a few exceptions, be progressively taken over simply by picking off one small state after another . For the overall pattern of the continent is one of countless small independent groups, each for itself and itself alone . There is no unity among them, even for a common defense. Since it is the first duty of each chief to protect his people, all seem to be too proud to seek unity with other chiefs, thinking this might indicate a sign of weakness and itself invite attack . Therefore, it could have been truthfully reported to either Asia or Europe any time during the last thousand years that the widespread segmentation and attending disunity among the Africans made them easy to conquer and dominate . Some of these six hypothetical items would be valid as conclusions regarding a general situation only after the widespread collapse of strong African states, when small splinter states spread over the continent like an epidemic . But, as we shall see, the united resistance of the Blacks to white Asian invasions had been going on before recorded history began ; and, despite all the segmentations and endless invasions from the north, south, east and west, there were black nations that kept up the resistance of five thousand years right down into the 20th century . We shall review some of these in the chapters which follow .[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 10:15pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]Ethiopia's Oldest Daughter: Egypt THE GREAT DECEPTION EGYPT, AS POINTED OUT BEFORE, WAS THE NORTH-EASTERN region of ancient Ethiopia . The six cataracts of the Nile were the great watermarks in the heartland of the Blacks from whence African culture spread over the continent, but nowhere was it pronounced as in Egypt . This northern sector of the Ethiopian empire had been the object of world attention from the earliest times . The fact was that it was in the center of the crossroads from all directions leading into Africa from Asia and Europe . This also explains how the Asians came to occupy and control a fourth of Egypt (Lower Egypt) before the unification of the "Two Lands" in the third millenium B .C. With the relentless spread of the desert and the attending scarcity of arable land, there was a heavier concentration of Africans in the Nile delta and valley, the areas with the richest soil in the empire . The great agricultural system that was developed along the overflowing Nile was one of the sources of the wealth to support the great cultural advances . The other was the gold mines below the First Cataract. This was also the magnet that drew Caucasian peoples from many lands . As these increased in number and variety, the undermining of black power was accelerated . The melting pot of the races began around the northern perimeter . The end result was always the same : The Blacks were pushed to the bottom of the social, economic and political ladder whenever and wherever the Asians and their mulatto offsprings gained control . This[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 10:22pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]scheme of weakening the Blacks by turning their half-white brothers against them cannot be overemphasized because it began in the early times and it became the universal practice of whites, and is still one of the cornerstones in the edifice of white power . The white Asians were generally very proud of their sons by black women . But these black mothers remained slaves, while their mulatto sons and daughters were born free and, moreover, classified as "white ."' As such, they formed a social class that, while never recognized as equal with the "real whites," had just about all the other privileges of free men . The picture was generally the same from about 4,000 B.C. onward .' In the Asian-held areas in the north, the Blacks had hard choices to make. As elsewhere on the continent, they had the choice of remaining in their homeland and being reduced to the status of servants and slaves; or if they were well-to-do members of the professional classes, architects, engineers or skilled craftsmen, they could remain, become integrated in Asian society, be classified as "white" and even hold high positions ; or, finally, they could reject integration into Asian culture and migrate southwards . This the great majority did . It is therefore not without significance that even today a number of African tribes four thousand miles south from Egypt still claim it as their ancestral homeland. There were Blacks who neither fled before the Asian advance nor submitted to enslavement . These, also rejecting amalgamation as the process of transforming the race, stood their ground fighting back and were generally wiped out . In short, the Africans held Upper Egypt (South) while the Asiatics held Lower Egypt (North) . Kurt Sethe, in attempting to reconstruct the prehistory of Egypt, concluded that the division of the country between Africans in the south and Asiatics in the north was due mostly to a split over religion . According to this view, the Africans refused to accept the cult of Horus that dominated the Nile delta . They, therefore, formed a "second nation" in Upper Egypt and established their national religious shrines at Omnos, Thebes, Thines and Napata . Other scholars insisted that the "Two Lands" meant that the Africans had simply separated themselves from the Asians . These, unlike Sethe, do not inquire about the reasons . ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Notes 1. Note that throughout this work I refer to time spans of 6,000 years, 5,000 years, 4,000 years, 3,000 etc . The variations depend on the time span of the developments under discussion .[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 10:37pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]What actually happened in prehistoric times, however, was on such a grand scale over long periods of time that even patterns of unwritten history became clear and understandable : The Asians and Europeans were entering in increasing numbers and pushing the Africans farther and farther away from the Mediterranean, pushing them farther and farther towards what became "Africa South of the Sahara" ; but the Africans had taken their first firm stand within their Egypt, making it "Two Lands," exactly as the Sudan is "Two Lands" today with the Arabs and Colored Arabs in the North and Africans in the South . And also for exactly the same reason : to escape white oppression . And the Sudanese Blacks concentrated in the South for the same ancient reason : To escape white and colored oppression . We are in the period of ancient history . The records of the times are unmistakable and the evidence is clear only when the archaeologists have done their work well . In no area of the world have they been more successful than in Egypt. It was the science of archaeology, along with ancient historical records, that supported my viewpoint that the Africans, while being either subjugated or pushed southwards, fought back in a long series of wars to regain their ancient homeland along the Mediterranean . As early as the end of the fourth millenium B.C ., and even before the First Dynasty in Egypt, there are records of a great African victory over the Asians in the north . The Blacks had established their Egyptian capital at Nekheb . The royal palace was just across the river at Nekheb . Thebes and Napata continued to be the cultural centers of the black world . As the historic period opened in Egypt, it appeared that the Africans were retaking the whole of their country . The Palermo Stone records . victory after victory over the Asians. Finally, the great triumph came when African king Menes defeated the Asians decisively and united all Egypt under African rule again, beginning the historic First Dynasty . Historians of ancient Egypt would do well to pause and ponder longer over the question of the "Two Lands ." Those who are interested in the truth about the black man's history would be compelled to do so . For the most significant part of the black African's history developed in Egypt, ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Notes 2. Reference is made to the palettes and maceheads found at Hierakonopolis 3. There was in fact no "Egypt" before Menes built Memphis .[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 10:42pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]and the division of the country into "Two Lands"-one predominantly Asian and the other African-marked the first great stage of the unending pressures that steadily forced the Blacks from the northern areas . But for countless centuries the greater region was held by the Blacks . This was the southern region called "Upper Egypt ." It seems quite clear that this see-saw conflict between Africans and Asians covered centuries back into prehistory, just as it was to continue intermittently for nearly five thousand years after Menes. Indeed, the Zanzibar Revolution and the purely racial conflict in the Sudan are simply a present-day continuity of the ancient struggle between the invaders and the invaded . After the Asian North was subdued, the African capital city was moved from Nekheb in the South to the North where the "Two Lands" met. Here astride what had been the boundary, the "Eternal City" of Memphis was built, named for the king, and, like Thebes, became the focal point of black power and one of the chief centers of African civilization . In completing the building of Memphis, Menes's nephew apparently believed that he was making the final settlement of the Asian problem, and that this capital city would stand forever . The massive fortification system built to control the Asians stood for centuries . The Africans' literal belief in immortality was reflected in their building and burial arrangements . The early three-chambered, brick mastabas foreshadowed the later pyramids that were to surround the city like watchmen and form a line of march from there into the Giza desert . During one of the longest reigns in history, Menes brought about the kind of stability and innovations in administration that not only provided a solid foundation for a first dynasty, but also the economic and social conditions necessary for the more uniform expansion of religion, the arts, crafts and the mathematical sciences . Here, too, is where Mesopotamia, Palestine and Greece, although not as advanced, may have made cultural contributions to the Africans and received much from them in return . THE "EXTERNAL INFLUENCE" MYTH The Greek contribution was the greatest . It was accidental, one of those accidents of history that turns out to be highly important . In this case the Greeks unwittingly applied the second name of the City of Menes (Memphis), "Aigyptos" to the whole country . For Memphis was[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 10:52pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]also called Hikuptah, or the "Mansion of the Soul of Ptah," the godprotector of the city . From the Greek "Aigyptos" Memphis became Egypt, and Egypt became the name of the "Two Lands," extending from the Mediterranean to the First Cataract . There was no "Egypt" before the black king from whose name it was indirectly derived . Before that the country was called Chem or Chemi, another name indicating its black inhabitants, and not the color of the soil, as some writers have needlessly strained themselves in asserting . Indeed, the strong predilection of both Europeans and white Asians to replace the names of other peoples and places with their own terminologies was at once a blessing and a curse in the history of the Blacks . Not knowing the racist twist that modern history was to take, these early historians, geographers and travelers reported what they found and described peoples in their own terms of speech . In doing so, they established beyond question that the Blacks were the first Egyptians and the builders of that ancient civilization . For it was these early writers, and not the Blacks, who made it clear that although the invading Euro- Asians had firmly established themselves in about one-fourth of Northern Ethiopia (Lower Egypt) as early as the fourth millenium B .C., the Blacks with equal firmness held all the rest from the twenty-ninth North parallel to the tenth South . It was the whites, not the Blacks, who called Africa the "Land of the Blacks" until Asian and European invasions made it expedient to change this to mean "African countries not yet taken over by Caucasians" ; and later to "Africa South of the Sahara ." Even this has to be qualified now as the whites dominate South Africa . The early whites-again, not the Blacks-not only defined all Upper Egypt as black to distinguish it from predominantly white Lower Egypt, but they settled the matter for posterity by calling Egypt the Thebald and the Blacks Thebans because Thebes (Nowe) was the oldest and greatest center of black civilization . The "curse" referred to above concerns the amazing success of modern writers in so blotting out, obscuring or reinterpreting the earlier writers on Africa so that the actual role of the Blacks in their own land was practically erased from memory . Their strategy of silence worked, and it must have worked more successfully than they could have dreamed. The Great Silence even fell over the monumental fact that the Blacks themselves started the whole dynastic system in Egypt about 3100 B.C. and that the great civilization of world acclaim developed after these black regimes began . Greek and Arabic names and the[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 10:56pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]accepted "Caucasoid" features in the conventional style of royal portraits all furthered the great deception . There was also the external influence on early African speech and writing in Egypt . As more and more Asians moved into Upper Egypt after the unification of the "Two Lands," the mingling of the two peoples not only produced a new breed of Egyptians, but also an increasingly Afro-Asian language and writing system that differed markedly from the original African writing as it was developed below the First Cataract . Developments in Asia and Europe one and two thousand years after the "golden age" of black civilization helped to obscure that civilization or paint it over as an entirely Euroasian achievement . Our task is to begin the removal of this false encrustation, hardened as it is by two thousand years of unchallenged growth . The time continuum in the history of the Blacks is highly important in reference' to the state of civilization in the lands from which the invading groups came during the first thousand years of black ascendency in Egypt and Southern Ethiopia (the Sudan) . The record is quite clear that the incursive groups were largely tent-dwelling nomads . They had no tradition of great cities with imposing temples, obelisks, pyramids or, indeed, stone masonry at all . In particular, one should note the number of centuries after Thebes and Memphis before their ancient cities were founded : Nowe (Thebes) Prehistory Memphis 3100 B.C. Rome (Village) 1000 B.C. Rome (Town) 250 B .C . Athens (Village) 1200 B .C . Athens (City) 360 B.C . Antioch 400 B .C . Jerusalem 1400 B .C. Babylon 2100 B .C. In short, what great contributions did these roaming nomads have to make to an already highly developed black civilization? Since even Jerusalem was not in existence, what people in Lower Egypt came from a country with a city as great as Thebes or Memphis?[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 11:18pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]It was the beginning of a new era in the history of the Blacks when an Ethiopian king turned the course of the Nile river by building a great dam at the border between Upper and Lower Egypt for the site of the new capital that was to bear his name . For generations Memphis was almost entirely an all-African city, with white Asian villages slowly growing up around the outskirts . For the Asians were a very smart and very cunning people . Once conquered, they feigned complete and humble acceptance of African rule . Far from showing the slightest signs of any feeling of racial superiority, they were such masters of the art of dissembling that they could hoodwink the Africans, often under the guise of brotherhood, by capitalizing on their often dark complexions, similar institutions, intermarriages, and mixing with the black population, generally, as far as possible . That all this was the direct route to repeated Asian ascendency on the continent few Africans seemed to see . For they were, as a race, too ready to forgive and forget past evils committed by foreigners ; whereas, on the other hand, a fellow African tribe could easily become a "traditional enemy" and continue as such for so many generations that no one could remember what the original quarrel was all about! The Blacks, then, were apparently unconcerned about the Asian villages springing up just outside of Memphis, the largest one rapidly developing across the river on the right bank . This community was to become the Asian city of Fostat that would challenge the supremacy of the capital city and eventually help to change its African character and cause its final destruction . Yet what I have just stated so briefly occurred only after nearly three thousand years of glorious history . It remained the capital and one of the greatest cities of Egypt and the world, from the First to the Twentieth Dynasty when it yielded to Thebes again . But it was still a great city when Alexander the Great arrived in 332 B .C. Its death-knell was sounded only when Arab tribes overran the land and Cairo rose to overshadow it . The Second and Third Dynasties were also African ; most writers will not flatly state this . They generally designate these dynasties as "Thinite," "Memphite" or "Followers of Seth ." One has to know that the First Dynasty was African and "Memphite" or "Thinite," so called after the name of their sacred city Thinis, and the cults of Seth and Amon were, African. That the Fourth Dynasty was indigenous is equally clear . These were the chief pyramid builders, the Great Pyramid being the largest[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 11:24pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]and tallest building on earth until modern times . It was built during the reign of Khufu, 2590-67 B .C . Khufu's nephew, Khafre, carried on and built the second Great Pyramid . But he went farther . He built the Great Sphinx and, as though he intended to settle the question of his racial identity for all ages to come, he had his African features so boldly and clearly carved into a portrait statue that not even a fool could seriously doubt that his mighty monarch was a "Negro ." He was therefore among the first to break with the classical Caucasoid stereotypes in Egyptian portraits . Having determined what periods Africans were referred to as "Thinites," "Memphites," "Thebans," "Cushites," "Libyans," "Ethiopians," "Nubians," etc ., a major problem in African history was near solution . Some of the disguising masks were thus removed . But much still remained to be done in developing guidelines to identification because the work of effacing the black man's role in world history was so thoroughly done over for so many centuries that it is amazing how so universal a concensus was reached by Caucasian writers in almost every age. Yet it should have occurred to some of these writers that painstaking research would later reveal all that they had tried to conceal about black civilization builders . I must repeatedly point out that some of the bias is not deliberate, but often so deeply rooted that the white scholar is totally unaware of it . One of these, for example, was Sir Flinders W .M. Petrie, one of the greatest archaeologist-historians of Egypt . He tried so hard to be scientifically "objective." Yet when he unearthed a famous king or queen who was unmistakably "Negro," he seemed to be quite puzzled. But, like most of his fellow investigators, some of his best thinking was set in motion for a "rational" explanation . Thus the find of Sneferu's black queen, Mertitefs, indicated that the "royal wife might be of an inferior race and not of the `high type .'" But the guildelines I found useful in identifying "who was who" are : (1) Knowing the terms used when referring to early Africans ; (2) noting rulers whom the writers concede to be Africans or "persons with marked `Negroid' features" and tracing this line to succeeding dynasties, i .e ., the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, etc . ; (3) noting what kings or queens in later dynasties claimed an African ruler of an earlier period as their ancestor, and, accordingly, venerated and "worshipped" ; (4) similarly, what kings and queens took the name of ancient black rulers and built temples and monuments to perpetuate their memory ; (5) noting the evidence in[/b] |
| Re: The Destruction of Black Civilization by Chancellor Williams by Tochi3(m): 11:26pm On Feb 21, 2012 |
[b]stone, inscriptions on monuments and steel of various kinds; (6) noting to what race did the invading rulers "from the South" belong, and over what kind of people did they rule below the First Cataract ; (7) and, finally, noting the unearthed statues and portraits of kings and queens of Egypt who were "pure" Africans (unless physical anthropologists now wish to change their criteria for determining ''race'') . These are a few guidelines to trace early Egyptians as Black Africans . The fact of black rulers, however, is not as important as the fact of an indigenous black population from which they sprang. For these early Blacks were themselves a great people, excelling on many fronts from a line of builders so distant in the past that it seems to have extended into the stone ages . It was a society of scientists, scholars, organized religions with organized priesthoods, mathematicians, scribes, architects, engineers, standing armies and generals, stone and brick masons, carpenters, artists, sculptors, cloth makers, slaves, farmers, teachers, gold and silversmiths, blacksmiths, and so on, through the widest spectrum of an advanced society . Africa as the "Cradle of Civilization" meant exactly that . These Blacks developed one of the oldest written languages . The Egyptian language was an African language with later Asiatic influence similar to that of Arabic or the African language known as Swahili. And it was as totally destroyed and replaced by a non-indigenous tongue as were other African creations . Nothing better marked the increasing cleavage between the Blacks and their "half-brothers" beyond the cataracts than this linguistic nationalism, the refusal of the retreating Blacks to use the Asianized Egyptian tongue .[/b] |
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