₦airaland Forum

NAF LOCALLY REACTIVATES AND UPGRADES IT'S JETS.

Apparently miffed by the security challenges
facing the country, especially in the northern
part of the country, the Nigerian Air Force (NAF)
has taken delivery of six reactivated Alpha Jets
and a C-130 NAF Aircraft. This came as the Minister of State for Defence,
Mrs. Olusola Obada, called on military
authorities to focus more on the training of
personnel and strategic research, which she
said, was the panacea towards resolving the
security challenges in the country. However, it was gathered that the reactivated
jets, which include NAFs 452, 453, 455, 456,
470, 454, 457, 461 and 466, were part of those
rehabilitated and re-commissioned under the
Periodic Depot Maintenance (PDM), the first of
its kind for the NAF. The jets and aircraft were reactivated by the
Aeronautical Engineering and Technical
Services Limited (AETSL), a unit of the Nigerian
Air Force Holdings Company (NAFHC), in
conjunction with a foreign partner, Sabena
Technics. The climax of the handover was the signing of
the acceptance certificates by the Managing
Director, AETSL, Air Vice Marshal Tony Omenyi
and Director Air Force, Ministry of Defence, Mrs
Emontongnam Osaisai. Fielding questions with journalists, the Chief of
Air Staff (CAS), Air Marshal Alex Badeh, said the
reactivation of the aircraft and jets was to help
in transporting troops in both external and
external aggression. He said since the reactivation of the C-130
aircraft, it had carried out about 40 missions,
especially in taking troops to tackle the security
challenges by the Boko Haram sect. “On assumption of office in October 2012, we
were faces with the enormous responsibility of
supporting peace operations in conflict
environments both internally and externally.
These required the use of credible platforms for
movements to the theatre of operations. Meanwhile, the numerous competing demands
placed enormous budgetary constraints on the
allocations of NAF. “Once again, AETSL was given the opportunity
to bid for the in-country depot maintenance of
one of our C-130H Aircraft, NAF 913 and today
we are witnessing the first successful
completion of an in-country PDM of the
aircraft,” he said. Also speaking, the Minister of State for Defence,
Olusola Obada, said the dictates of the federal
government’s transformation policies
emphasised looking inwards and building
capacity for self-reliance. She said: “Today, the import of the
transformation drive of President Goodluck
Jonathan has become more germane under the
current atmosphere of dwindling budgetary
allocation to the defence sector. “But I am glad that the AETSL has performed
creditably and lived up to expectation by
reactivating three additional Alpha Jets as a
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in addition
to the six in the original contract.” Meanwhile, Obada, who was represented by the
Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Defence,
Alhaji Aliyu Ismaila, made this observation
yesterday in Abuja, during the inauguration of
Course 22 participants of the National Defence
College (NDC). According to her, the armed forces could be best transformed through
quality training and research. The minister explained that by training and re-
training, the armed forces would be
transformed into an institution that “will be
able to prove its worth whenever called upon
to do so.” She said: “We understand that no nation can
make progress with a poor training etiquette
for members of the armed forces; training is an
integral part of their lives. Your coming for this
course is part of this goal, and we do hope that
you can take advantage of this opportunity. On our part, we will continue to provide the
dynamic and effective political leadership to
make sure that your stay here is comfortable
and conducive for rigorous training and
academic exercises.” Obada urged the participants to give special
attention to research, which she said had been
a challenge to the participants of the college. The minister commended the Commandant of
NDC, Rear Admiral Thomas Lokoson and
members of staff of the college for their
commitment and dedication, promising that
“the ministry would work assiduous to ensure
that the college moves to it permanent site.” Earlier, Lokoson said the inauguration
“provided an opportunity for the participants
to get a clear understanding of their mission in
the college.” “The challenges of maintaining national
defence and security are more demanding
today, and will even be more in the future. That
is why the college curriculum undergoes
regular reviews to address those evolving
threats,” he noted. About 141 participants were inaugurated;
amongst them are 17 participants from Togo,
Brazil, Rwanda, Niger, Cameroon, Cote d’ Ivoire,
Zambia, Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea-Bissau,
Guinea-Conakry, India, Sierra Leone and
Pakistan.
http://www.african-defense.com/?p=3416

zetdee: Bwahahahaha.
Niggerians bragging about managing their oil sector, ain't that a joke.
The only thing any country can learn from niggerians is what not to do. The NNPC is the most corrupt and most mismanaged institution in niggeria, it will be best if the dam thing was privatized. The reason Kenya offered oil blocs to Niggerians is to softan relations after the rightfull deportation of niggerians who were a nuisance on Kenyan society.
You monkeys should fix your electricity problem before bragging to others about being able run things.

south african id1ot. Getting frustrated yet? Which country's major revenue industry is free from corruption?
Typical south african f00l pointing a finger while the remaing four point at you. Don't let me start with corruption cases that involves ANC with your mining industry.

Guy, why are you jealous? That Kenya would rather come to Nigeria will surely give you nightmares.... Cos your ranting clearly explains it.

Msauza: Actually, SA was even robbed of that title because in accordance with the BBC correspondent in Congo DR the distance from where the snypers where positioned to where one officer was knocked was quite more than 2.2Km which could be close to 2.5km.

liar.

andrewza: The point made was that every nigerian solder was trained to be a sniper. That is a lie. Wether you had snipers is not my concern and your doctrain on the use of snipers is your doctrain. But when a sniper is part of a regualer squade useing a semie auto scoped DMR he is not a sniper but a markesmen.

Not all snipers in SA are speciol forces (though speciol forces are snipers) I know of a parabat that is a sniper has in I am a freind of his brother.


The orbit of battel for a SA infantry battlion calls for a squade of snipers. They fall under the battlion HQ but are normaly divided among the platoons like the 60mm mortas and AT guys. These snipers would use the R1 sniper.

maybe i exergerated a little.(apologies) but you get the point. NA is not short of professional snipers capable of hitting long range targets.

The guy's profile i posted proves it. Snipers competition involves hitting long range targets aquisition.

And your unknown sniper kill in DRC has been proven to be false by your own military.

Henry120: That rifle is isreali made and not south african. That's a compact GALIL ACE.

thanks for the correction. I mistook it to be chinese. But i know it's not SA

Msauza: That is confirmed my frendo, I have even saw it on BBC news

this your gbagaun answer sef proves it to be a lie..lol

Msauza: Currently there are only four countries in the world who managed to take out target at over 2Km away with a confirmed snypers killer shot and they are;

1. UK
2. US
3. South Africa, and
4. Canada

There is also one unconfirmed case in Australia and where is Nigeria? Nah!! I am just asking.

your fake sniper that was proved to be fake by your own military? Keep dreaming.

andrewza: So you telling me that every singel nigerian solder can calclate bulliet drop, the addect of wind over extrem distances, the affect of the curveture of the earth, the construcston of a hide, how to survive in 2 to 6 man groups deep behind enemy lines for days with out support extra extra. Because if you saying that then you saying your basic solder is better trained than the US rangers.

Aka you should stop embarsing your self.

let me just shut you up with a profile of one of our ex army sniper . Enjoy

I am a discharged Soldier from the
Nigerian Army, I have attended basic and
advance sniper course in the Nigerian
Army School of infantry, I am the first and
only advance sniper in the history of
Nigerian Army Corps Military Police, youngest advance sniper, youngest season
firer at championship and professional
level; I am a sniper that can produce highly
qualified snipers at any given time and I
have obtained the standard required in the
military as a reputable military police sniper instructor. I discharged voluntarily
from the Nigerian Army because I want a
better place where I can make the best use
of my skills and qualities for the good of
mankind and humanity.
http://ng.linkedin.com/pub/david-ehizojie/75/748/a8a

maybe not all soldiers but we've been training more than enough snipers long before you even knew about Nigeria and it is not considered a special skill but a necessary one. That's how our army operates. Fact

we are not US, we are Nigerians and our military training is not the same. We only share experience. That's what the world and gullible people like you need to understand.

[quote author=Mike..ZA]Seleka is killing civilians right now in CAR. The SANDF has fired mortar bombs on M23 positions,last week they took out a machine gun nest with the accurate NTW-20 sniper rifle.[/quote]they did not only kill civilians, they also killed your soldiers and you fled like a scared bingo.

Now you want to brag about a mission you are neither leading nor funding. Sorry but the credit is already going to Tanzanian officer who is commanding you.

Tanzanians will have better bragging rights than you....lol

Msauza: In that case leave me with my ignorance because you do not make any sense.

thank you for confirming your ignorance. Just proved you think from your a*shole.

How can intelligence make sense to an ignoramus? your confirmation, not mine

i see some south africans beating their chest for a mission in which they are just playing support to the brave Tanzanian special forces.
After they fled from a mission which was rightfuly their's to lead in CAR and show the world their capability to engage an enemy from afar.

Let's get one thing straight here. SANDF will always be behind Nigerian military in peace enforcement abroad.

Nigerian military achievements is not what SANDF can achieve in it's existence cos they have no balls to lead.

Take Kenya for instance, they didn't wait for approval from anyone, neither did they wait for UN to fund them before invading somalia and pushed back al shabab that is ten time powerful than seleka.

Ya'll can holla as you want, SANDF is not leading any attack, they are defending from behind while tanzania that has bigger balls is doing the dirty work.

Msauza: Firstly, you claimed that Nigeria deployed before France.

Secondly you failed to provide a source which will substantiate your unfounded claims and instead you furnished an unnecessary link which does not tell anything about Nigerias timeous deployment before France intervention in Mali.

You failed just like your country failed the people of Mali and wanted to claim an easy at the expense of the French. Shaaaaaaame!!!

if your dead brain cannot reason how Nigerian special forces appeared to have been in Mali the very day france attacked unanounced, then i shall leave you to your ignoramus.

Look at that link again, it was a senior malian army officer that made the statement. Although i know maths and critical reasoning is a problem for the south african brain, so be as you are...... A failed graduate.

exxell: I didnt get any sms.

In other news sha, this world is such a small place. I just visited my village and found out from my grandma that Dilish is my long lost cousin. My own Nwanna! Her Igbo name is Dilichukwu... What a world! Chukwudi, call the driver to take me to the airport. I'm on my way to Namibia to find my lost cousin. I hope I find her soon... *winks*

boooooooooooooo

PapaBrowne: This is nonsense!
The US has no business making these kinds of comments when it has it's hands dirty in virtually every resource rich country in the world.They should go and deal with their issues in Syria and ask thier rebels to stop using nerve gas on humans before speaking of Nigeria.

What kind of press release is this. If you read between the lines, you will discover that they are more concerned about the civilian JTF than about Boko Haram. Condemning the killings by Boko Haram is alright if you release press statements everytime there is a bomb blast and not only when you feel there is extra judicial execution by either the military or civilian JTF.

I am never in support of extra judicial killings because many innocent people would be falsely accused and two because life is precious and any act that seeks to negate that principle always comes back to hunt society.
Now that notwithstanding, the Boko Haram sect deserves nothing less than to hasten up and go to paradise to receive their reward in the deepest place of hell where 72 demon virgins would be waiting with hot iron rods to defile their shithole. They don't deserve to reside on planet earth.

These Americans should back off except they want to support with technology and resources. We don't need all these kinds of press statements that tacitly seek to equate the actions of the military with that of the insurgents. Boko Harm has been greatly decapitated largely on the back of the Civilian JTF, not because of the killings of Boko Harm members but because the minds of the youths have been turned against the Boko Haram. Terrorism is an ideological war and if you can win the minds of the locals, you've won the battle. That is something the Americans have failed to do in their 13 years of war on terror.

you are wise my brother. Nigerians (expecially our government) really need to do away with the mentality that "US decisions remain supreme". Most times their talks are irrelevant and baseless.

Take for example: when they percieve their false threat, instead of alerting the governments and working with them, they'll use it to seek attention by issueing false travel warnings. Take their recent embassy withdrawal for example.

US has done nothing to help us fight boko haram than to condemn every action the government takes in dealing with it.

Abeg make them pack well. They claim to be fighting terrorist while they are only creating more.

all these people wey dey book space dey craze.

@op. Sorry, you are a victim of corporate fraud. It's not new, just that our regulatory agencies are the ones taking the real price while the consumers are left with nothing but scam.

andrewza: Before this weekend SANDF forces in DRC were in 2 fire fights. One where they killed a rebel comander. This weekend they shelled M23 postions with mortas and cleard a root for the DRC army. We how ever are not on the front line no MONUSCO solders are. Only the DRC. So please sit down and shut up.

and whats the source? South africans on this thread? Sure

andrewza: War in malil is far from over. The styl of war has changed. From a high tempo to a low tempo. Thaere are still armend facstions just knowen that can threaten the goverment.

and when last did you hear of an armed attack in Mali. An election that was supposed to be greeted with suicide attacks and gun battles was peaceful and held twice. Does that sound like a country still at war to you. South african have become accustomed to losing that they don't even know what winning looks like anymore.

saengine: No you dont have a point.

Retaliation was done via 81mm mortars from our base to their positions.

The offensive was a separate attack on M23 positions to help DRC troops move forward. Hence the report says SANDF and M23 rebels were in "running" battles.

Shame it must really hurt you reading about what our troops are doing. Shame.

you didn't read the news you posted. SANDF is not MONUSCO. They are not part of the offensive.
SANDF only engaged M23 in a defense against an attack by M23.
there have been steady clashes that involved MONUSCO since july till dat and SANDF is never part of the offensive.

I have posted your C-in-C's statement confirming it and here's another before his

SANDF Not Engaged With DRC Rebels
http://news.howzit.msn.com/top-news/sandf-not-engaged-with-drc-rebels

unless you want to openly confirm that your leaders(both military and poilitical) are all ignorant and daft for making such statements.

i know you are in a hurry to redeem yourselves from the seleka defeat, don't worry, that time might come in the next life if you fast and pray in this one....LWKMH

NaijaPikinGidi: I thought SANDF mandate was also an offensive one -- meaning to take the fight to rebels wherever they are? Now even the prospects of entering the DRC jungle is leaving your cowardly troops scared to advance to take on the rebels! SANDF as usual!

don't mind the cowards. Why did they run to traain in Brazillian jungle if they never had the intention of going after the rebels in the DRC jungle.

Their swift deployment after their CAR defeat was just a charade to make us quickly 4get and focus on their honeymoon vacation in DRC

saengine: http://www.timeslive.co.za/thetimes/2013/08/26/sa-soldiers-on-offensive

SA soldiers on offensive

South African soldiers engaged in running battles with M23 rebels in the Democratic Republic of Congo overran a rebel machine gun post at the weekend, halting the rebels' advance.

According to Pikkie Greeff, national secretary of the SA Defence Union, the DRC troops were advancing on the M23 positions but came under heavy fire from a machine gun.

"There are only two ways you can take out a machine gun post - either by sniper or with a stick of men sneaking up to the position and taking it out," said Greeff.

"We do not know what they did but the South African soldiers took out the machine gun post."

South African soldiers are part of the UN's Monusco brigade, which has been assigned to take on the the M23 rebels. SANDF troops, who have been subjected to mortar fire since Friday, are holding positions around Goma.

"The rebels have been raining mortars on refugee camps around Goma and the UN forces have returned fire," he said.

Siphiwe Dlamini, spokesman for the Department of Defence, said the South African "force has been retaliating since the shelling of their positions began".

It has been reported that five civilians were killed in rebel mortar fire.

One South African soldier was wounded by shrapnel from a mortar shell but Dlamini said his injuries were not serious.

Monusco soldiers have joined government forces on the offensive against the rebels, Monusco spokesman Lieutenant-Colonel Felix-Prosper Basse told the BBC.

"Fighting has entered a new phase: Monusco is now engaging the rebels together with the government forces," Basse said.

The BBC reported that two UN helicopters were involved in the latest operation, which was being backed by the Congolese army.

Monusco and the Congolese army are jointly attacking rebel positions in Kibati, about 15km north of Goma.



This should be the last time this article should be posted, in case anyone still doubts if we're fighting or not. As the battle continues more articles will be posted. And for the last time, the SANDF is not in command of the operation, so please don't ask us why we aren't doing this or doing that. SA troops are following the U.N Commander's orders.

this only proves my point. sANDF will not be attacking anything. They only retalliated to an attack. It's the only tactics SANDF know, that's why they can't win anything.

They waited for sleka to attack and fled when it was time to attack back. Check all your war history, south africa has never been in an all out offensive.

The time they tried it in lesotho, they got the worst embarrassment until SADC troops came to their rescue. .

SANDF is a gutless military

CraigB: Don't vomit all over the thread.

Answer the question: must they go seek out the jungle and leave whatever terrain they find? Based on what?

Is that what the mandate says? Show us where the mandate says they just find the jungle, please.

No stories. No noise. No vomiting.

Just the mandate and the jungle. Show us.

you are a case study of proof of ignorance and idiocy if you continue to ask this stup1d question.

Are M23 and other rebel groups not based in the DRC forests and jungles? So when you say an offensive on enemy territory, what does it imply if not to hunt them in the jungles? Is it Machine gun post?
Your troops are in DRC alright. And they won't be attacking anytime soon cos your commander in chief knows how incompetent they are.
You are a real childish fool. Go suck some more of your mama's b00bs cos your brain is lacking a lot.

NaijaPikinGidi: Mike..ZA, you must be a low life good for nothing id.iot! If over a hundred thousand soldiers combined died in the war of Biafra ... Can your tiny brain not deduce the cause of their death while in the land, air and sea theatres of the three years of war? Stop the charade boy! Military stuff simply not for you! Go play with your mates in the sands!

as always, he depends on copy and paste information rather than a clear cut analysis. That's the highest level his brain can grab something.

CraigB: Are you smoking dagga?

The question is: must armies leave the terrain that they find and go seek out a jungle? That is the question. I don't know what this other rubbish you are speaking about is.

The question is simple. Lay off the pipe and answer the question.

ignorant kid..SMH

all this while you were bragging that your troops are in DRC, you don't even have a clue of what their mandate is. Trully ignorant.

Their mandate is an offensive on rebel positions, disarm and hunt down rebel groups.

How will they do that if they don't move forward to enemy territories and push back the enemy to a choke point?

Well, your commander in chief has already confessed you won't be fighting. So in other word, your soldiers are cowards who just parade denel weapons as marketing strategies.

It's not a must to yarn especially when you are this ignorant.

agaugust: same way you ask for list of nigeria vs biafran air to air combat kills to be listed for you one by one...

same way you say boko haram defeated nigeria because 15 nigerian soldiers died

same way you say biafra war is no great war because it is a civil war

same way i say 2,000 south african soldiers in congo over-powering a 2-man single lonely machine gun post is NOT a war to boast about

show me 1,000 south african soldiers fighting 1,000 M23 rebels inside the thick jungle forest of congo DRC

10,000 nigerian army soldiers fought 50,0000 liberian rebels in the thick jungle forest of liberia and we won clear victory.

show me where south african army has done that in congo DRC

its good so give you a taste of your own medicine...it drives you i.nsane

.

no sir, they are not going to do that. Their commander in chief already made it clear. Abi you want make M23 share for the glory wey seleka don get?

agaugust: your own heritage is a Rhino...so you be animal in human skin ? now wonder all the garbage you write here

you dey mind the f00l. Maybe his heritage is bush rhinos. So his brain is in his missing horns. Explains why he thinks from his a*shole

zaandrew: Who has the land now? that is the point. Many countries all over the world have land claims?

Dude 100 suicide bomber would cripple any country, not even bagdad at it's worse got 100 suicide bombings. Give me 100 suicide bombs a city and i will bring it to a stop. 1 bombing in boston caused the city to g in to lockdown.

so it's a crime to respect international laws? What are you saying? We invaded bakassi and pushed back cameroonian troops and were ready to wage war to claim the whole land before UN intervened.. That's a fact.

We occupied bakassi until UN gave it back to them. Before then cameroon didn't have the balls to cover half of bakassi and ran to UN when they saw we were prepared for war. Fact.

Guy try to find out how many bombs have exploded in maiduguri before the SOE. But the state is still standing and boko haram have moved their camps and bases to a weaker cameroon while some have tuned to eating themselves in the jungle out of fear of the military.

Even US never had that much success with taliban in 10 years.

zaandrew: It is land they gained from you.

Only fools like you cliam we ran away. We withdrew due to haveing no legit mandate to remain in car.

first of all, you need to research about the bakassi conflict before you start to sound like ignorant CrabB. Nigerian troops invaded bakassi and pushed cameroonians out after Nigerian citizens were attacked. Bakassi always belonged to cameroon but occupied by Nigerians.

That's why they ran to UN cos it would have been suicide for them to face us in a war.

So you admit 100 suicide bombers will cripple SA. No wonder the boers handed the country to a terrorist group. Nigerian army has turned boko haram to eat themselves and we've had more than 100 suicide bombings.

No wonder poachers are still having a good time in the bushes after you've deployed everything

zaandrew: Firstly he may be dead he may not, secondly he is a man just a man.

We had a mission, protect the training team and they were protected. Secondly seleka attacked us yet we held our base. Thirdly withdraw is not the same has retreat.

here's some information to counter your claim.

Stranded Boko Haram militants turn
Cannibals in Borno

Dozens of suspected Boko Haram militants in Magumeri forest, Borno, have turned to human eaters after being stranded for days without food or water. Magumeri forest is about 150 kilometres from
Maiduguri, the state capital. Mallam Momodu Bukar, a suspected
militant, told newsmen on Saturday in
Maiduguri that he fled the camp at the forest on
Thursday when it became obvious that he was
going to be eaten. “I thank God that I escaped because I
would have been slaughtered by now to provide
meal for my colleagues at the camp,” Bukar
said. The suspected militant was captured by a
Youth Vigilante Group, popularly known as the
civilian JTF at Baga Road motor park, Maiduguri, on Friday.. He said the militants had been in the forest
since May, when they were dislodged from
Marte, Marte Local Government Area, by the
Joint Task Force (JTF) on Operation Restore
Order (ORO) after the declaration of the State of
Emergency. “Our group, consisting of about 300 well armed
combatants, headed for Magumeri on the orders
of the sect leader, Abubakar Shekau, shortly
before the military took over Marte Camp. “We have been wandering in the forest. We
have exhausted our food and water supply, and
so, everybody became hungry,” Bukar said.
http://mobile.punchng.com/output.php?link=http://www.punchng.com/news/stranded-boko-haram-militants-turn-human-eaters-in-borno/

that's what they've been reduced to. But poachers are still having a field trip with your troops for about 4 years now. Who's losing?

zaandrew: And you claim to be some expert. Please what helcopter crashed and what helcopter is that, hint look at the cockpit it is a dead give away. Any case the only guy in uniform there is not wearing any sa uniform.

Reporters don't know the difrence between a APC and a tank and machin gun vs assult rifel.

o, so now you want to discredit reporters cos the story doesn't favor you. South africans and excuses sha... Na wa o

.

kwame tut: @Colynzo
GOAT SHAGGING naija STYLOOOOO

common, we know it's a common thing in SA and is about to become law soon.

"A Pretoria woman accused of having
sex with two dogs was instructed to undergo a
mental examination when she appeared in the
Pretoria Magistrate's Court, a report said on
Friday."
http://m.news24.com/news24/SouthAfrica/News/Bestiality-accused-to-undergo-mental-tests-20120824-3

BEASTIALITY ON THE RISE IN SA
Experts have warned that the increasing number of South Africans indulging in bestiality will have disastrous affects on both human and animal populations.
http://whenrealitybites..com/2006/12/beastiality-on-rise-in-sa.html?m=1

guys please read this and see how sick south africans are. I suspect CrabB to be doing it too.
http://m.topix.com/forum/world/south-africa/TMNVA61IMVLDFKJEL/p5

South Africa: Man Accused of Goat Sex Faces
Animal Cruelty Charge
http://allafrica.com/stories/200209300361.html

is this what mandela has taught south afrcans? SMH

kwame tut: @Colynzo
GOAT SHAGGING naija STYLOOOOO

common, we know it's a common thing in SA and is about to become law soon.

"A Pretoria woman accused of having
sex with two dogs was instructed to undergo a
mental examination when she appeared in the
Pretoria Magistrate's Court, a report said on
Friday."
http://m.news24.com/news24/SouthAfrica/News/Bestiality-accused-to-undergo-mental-tests-20120824-3

BEASTIALITY ON THE RISE IN SA
Experts have warned that the increasing number of South Africans indulging in bestiality will have disastrous affects on both human and animal populations.
http://whenrealitybites..com/2006/12/beastiality-on-rise-in-sa.html?m=1

guys please read this and see how sick south africans are. I suspect CrabB to be doing it too.
http://m.topix.com/forum/world/south-africa/TMNVA61IMVLDFKJEL/p5

South Africa: Man Accused of Goat Sex Faces
Animal Cruelty Charge
http://allafrica.com/stories/200209300361.html

is this what mandela has taught south afrcans? SMH