₦airaland Forum

Tupac Shakur’s stepfather and freedom fighter, Mutulu Shakur, whose real name is Jeral Wayne Williams has spent 34 years in jail after he was sentenced to 60 years in prison on May 11th, 1988 after alleged reports of him leading The Family (A black revolutionary group) that robbed the Brinks company armoured truck of 2 million USD and killed three security officers; two Nyack Policemen, Waverly Brown and Edward O’Grady, Peter Paige, a security officer from the company, at a mall in New York City, in 1981.

Mutulu was born August 8th, in Baltimore, Maryland. He married Tupac’s mother in 1975, but they divorced in 1982, a year after the New York robbery. He became the most wanted on FBI list till he was arrested in 1986 in Los Angeles, was tried a year after and was handed 60 years in 1988.

During Mutulu Shakur’s trial, he was accused of helping Assata – Tupac’s aunt, and also a freedom fighter, (sentenced to life in jail over the assassination of a Trooper, in New Jersey, 1973) in her prison break. According to reports, members of The Family went for a visit to the New Jersey State Prison, armed. They reportedly captured two correctional officers and escaped with Assata in a prison van. Mutulu was accused of guarding the escape track, although he pleaded not guilty and his lawyer challenged that no evidence shows Mutulu Shakur’s involvement.

Assata after the escape went to Cuba...https://54history.com/tupacs-stepfather-mutulu-shakur-in-1988-was-sentenced-to-60-years-in-prison-for-robbing-brinks-company-truck-of-2-million-usd/

How sure are you that this HELL exits?

Gaddafi’s last words as he begged for mercy: ‘What did I do to you?’

Declassified Emails Reveal Ghadaffi was brutally murdered because France wanted to take care of their financial stranglehold on African Nations.

One of the over 3,000 new Hillary Clinton emails released by the State Department on 2016 New Year’s Eve contains damning evidence of Western nations using NATO as a tool to topple Libyan leader Muammar al-Gaddafi. The NATO overthrow wasn’t for the protection of the people. Still, instead, it had been to thwart Gaddafi’s plan to create a gold-backed African currency to compete with the Western central banking monopoly.

The April 2011 email, sent to the Secretary of State Hillary by unofficial adviser and longtime Clinton confidant Sidney Blumenthal with the topic line “France’s client and Qaddafi’s gold,” reveals predatory Western intentions.

The emails indicate the French-led NATO military initiative in Libya was also driven by a desire to realize access to a more significant share of Libyan boring, and to undermine an extended-term plan by Gaddafi to supplant France because of the dominant power within the Francophone Africa region.

The policy Journal reports... https://54history.com/declassified-emails-reveal-nato-killed-gaddafi-to-stop-libyan-creation-of-gold-backed-currency/

Sure. They must be dissolved.

How much would it cost me to relocate to Geneva?

The number is not on whatsApp.

This agbo drunkard will not shut his mouth. Tell him I saw Trump with the virus before he carried it.

Damn! More strategic than the professor.
That's a real horror movie plot he drafted.

Hoely sh*t!

Widely regarded as the King of Palmares or Quilombo dos Palmares, Ganga Zumba was from a royal family of the Kongo kingdom whose mother was Princess Aqualtune Ezgondidu Mahamud da Silva Santos of Kongo.
Ganga Zumba was believed to have been captured by the Portuguese during the Battle of Mbwila. During the battle of Mbwila that occurred on the 29th of October 1665, Ganga Zumba’s grandfather, King Antonio I of Kongo, was beheaded. Over 5000 men were killed, the king’s two sons were captured, his daughter, Aqualtune, her two sons – Ganga and Zona, and her daughter, Sabina, were among the captives, including the Kongo court officials, 400 nobles, and 95 chiefs.

They were chained and shipped off to Spanish America while Ganga, his brother, and sister were sent to work at the Santa Rita plantation at Pernambuco, northeast of Brazil.

Ganga and some slaves escaped to Palmares, a fugitive community of escaped slaves, Pernambuco, Brazil. After the escape, they continued to increase in population, creating a maroon community. Later on, a confederation was created, and the Quilombo dos Palmares was


https://54history.com/ganga-zumba-was-captured-and-sold-to-santa-rita-plantation-he-escaped-built-and-ruled-quilombo-dos-palmares/

Independent Day Celebration: Nigeria At 60 – Is Nigeria still the giant of Africa or they lost it?

Roughly sixty years ago, Nigeria broke free from its colonial rule to become an independent nation, which entails absolute freedom and sole-control of the nation’s affairs.

On 1st October 1960, Nigeria finally gained independence from its British colonial masters after years of struggles for a breakthrough.

The motion began when late Chief Anthony Enahoro requested an independent nation to the Parliament in 1953, which was rejected by the Parliament members’ walkout.
S. L. Akintola revisited the motion years later in 1957; although it passed the Parliament, the British authorities rejected the motion.
In August 1959, Remi Fani-Kayode revived the motion, asking for independence to be granted on 2nd April 1960, but was rejected as usual.

The pressure was getting much and gaining international attention.
In 1959, Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa brought up the motion to the Parliament, which passed. As a result of the continual agitations and uprisings, the governor-general, James Wilson Robertson, announced the Queen’s decision to grant Nigeria her independence finally.

Early hours of 1st October 1960, through a representative to Queen Elizabeth II, Nigeria’s constitution was handed over to Tafawa Balewa as the new prime minister. Nnamdi Azikiwe as the first president of Nigeria in 1963 after declaring itself as a Federal republican nation.

Tribalism in the government sector was transparent with the established political parties that were controlled by the three ethnic groups; the Nigerian People’s Congress (NPC) – consists of the...
https:///1ZVznA5ZYU

Ayade is a scam.
Ask anybody in Calabar about Ayade, if you hear any good thing about this Ayade, you guys should report my account.

Digital Shoki governor.
Gawd! I hate Nigerian politicians.

Henri I, whose name was Henri Christophe, was born on the 6th of October 1767.

King Henri was a free-born but was sold off as a teen. He was believed to be of Igbo descent in West Africa and a former slave of Bambara ethnicity.
Henri Christophe arrived Haiti – a French colony, formerly known as Saint Domingue, where he worked as a slave, engaging in numerous jobs like making billiards, bricklayer, he was also a sailor, and equally a bartender.

Henri worked so hard that he had to join the few Black slaves that bought their freedom. He was also skilled in the military field, considering that he was among those selected by the French to fight at the Siege of Savannah (State of Georgia) in 1780. An account reported that he worked as a bartender at Couronne and later married his master’s daughter. However, another statement contradicted that Henri married a French naval officer’s daughter after paying off for his freedom.

Henri Christophe arrived Haiti – a French colony, formerly known as Saint Domingue, where he worked as a slave, engaging in numerous jobs like making billiards, bricklayer, he was also a sailor, and equally a bartender.

Henri worked so hard that he had to join the few Black slaves that bought their freedom. He was also skilled in the military field, considering that he was among those selected by the French to fight at the Siege of Savannah (State of Georgia) in 1780. An account reported that he worked as a bartender at Couronne and later married his master’s daughter. However, another statement contradicted that Henri married a French naval officer’s daughter after paying off for his freedom... https://54history.com/haitis-first-king-and-president-king-henri-was-from-an-igbo-descent/

Herbert Randal Wright III, an African America rapper, widely known by his stage name G Herbo bought his former elementary school, The Overton Elementary School, which was shut down in 2013.

The 25-year-old old Chicago rapper who was formerly known as Lil Herb brought happiness to his community. He adds another philanthropic achievement to his charity work towards restoring a non-violent society by buying his former elementary school abandoned seven years ago.

According to the rapper, he is committed to using his wealth to change his community. His goals involve turning the Overton Elementary School into a community development center where kids would find and develop their talents and stay off the streets.

The PTSD crooner, G Herbo, announced that he would be turning his former school into a development center that would see rappers, producers come to the community to teach the youths...

https://54history.com/chicago-rapper-g-herbo-bought-his-former-elementary-school-to-be-used-as-a-community-development-center/

Na black thunder go fire anyone that relates this to the Igbos.

iDavidTC:
What could be his reason for doing this?



Grow up, kid

Dog, why Igbo now?

Shey them Herdsmen are Igbos too?

An African American gourmet, Reggie D. Smith is the owner of one of the fastest selling food products in the United States.

STL Pure Heat is a bottled sauce recipe from Reggie Smith that sells in over 30 grocery shops in US. The secret sauce has three different flavors with unique tastes for a desired Heat, The Sweet n Mild flavor, The Sweet n Spicy, and Garlic Heat flavor.

Reggie Smith was born in East St. Louis, Illinois. He grew up with his mother, and grandmother - the two women he called his biggest influence in life. Admitting that growing up eating their delicious meal, and that was what grew his passion for cooking.

Before Reggie started his STL Pure Heat, he used sell 'Pure Wings' with a secret...

https://54history.com/black-man-from-illinois-whose-secret-gourmet-sauce-sells-in-over-30-grocery-stores-in-the-united-states/

The ancient walls of Benin, which is the largest and second longest human-made walls was built over 600 years (800 A.D – 1400 A. D) at the southern border of the Benin Kingdom.
According to archeologists, it took the villagers 150 million hours of digging to construct what was widely regarded as the largest archaeological phenomenon on earth.

Twelve years after constructing the walls, the Portuguese traders came to Benin and established a business with the people.

The walls were estimated to have covered a border of 16,000 kilometers. It occupied 6,500 km² landmasses. They consisted of 9.3 miles of banks and ditches (Iya in Benin language), and over 9000 miles in the rural area of the Benin Kingdom.

The 1974 edition of the Guinness Book of Records called the great walls of Benin City “the world’s largest eart... https://54history.com/four-times-longer-than-chinas-wall-great-walls-of-benin-and-its-destruction-by-the-british-in-1897/

Ahead of the Sunday night eviction, which is always a nightmare to the rest of the housemates, aside from the Head of House, Nengi, whose immunity covered her from getting evicted, the remaining seven housemates held a diary session in which Big Brother questions them of their childhood aspirations.

We heard Ozo saying his childhood aspiration had always been to be a footballer but as a goalkeeper. We recalled that Ozo’s input during the Sports Trivia game was finessed with incredible prowess. He admitted he would like to feature in a national team to showcase his admiration as a goalkeeper one day.
Neo, who was briefly on his childhood aspiration, said all he ever wanted was to be famous. Maybe he is close to achieving that once he leaves the Big Brother as his active involvement inside the house has gotten him the fame he wanted.

As perceived, Laycon’s admiration towards music, his freestyles, musical performances, and most of his talks centers on him being in the music industries with the big names. He told Biggie; that all his life, he always dreams of becoming an artist, and as seen, he is near getting there.

https://54history.com/bbn-updates-what-are-the-housemates-childhood-aspirations/

The Origin Of Hip-hop – The Most Popular Music Genre

In this present world, Hip-hop has become a generally accepted culture for the people, people, and people.

Dominating the music industry with over 60% of the world its subscribers, Hip-hop is believed and proven to have become part of us.

According to stats, Hip-hop or Rap has topped the most listened tracks worldwide, with over 30 percent song consumptions recorded.

One might be a fan of Hip-hop, just like an average youth, but little did we know about its origin – Hip-hop/Rap.

Hip-hop is a music genre birthed on August 11, 1973, at a birthday party in one of the most impoverished areas of West Bronx, New York City, with the street address; 1520 Sedgwick Avenue. 

Some African-Americans organized it, and the Latinos, with a Jamaican DJ, Clive Campbell is popularly known as DJ Kool Herc (founding father of Hip-hop music), performing his song ‘Back to School’ two turntables before crowds who were hungry to dance.

DJ Cool  began with the two turntables in a DJ setup to switch between two music tracks back and forth, followed by a drum brake which he called ‘Merry-Go-Round’ but presently known



https://54history.com/the-origin-of-hip-hop-the-most-popular-music-genre/

Mjshexy:
He will still give it to Nengi

I see no lies.

yomi007k:
But, shey I lie.

10k in 2013, and that fat Bleep still did not pay me because i left by emergency to another state. He said he knows my people but when money is involved, he had the contract with just me. Him no get elephantiasis and spend big big.

You will email them, your message will rust, it will fade, and flood will wash it to trash. If dem chop you, e don be. Just motivate yourself and move the hell on.

yomi007k:
The lady typing this should take more logical steps.

She is not suppose to put this all out here but to contact her lawyer and simply sue the family for damages.

She don't know her rights- when all they watch is BBN and Zee world.

Watch BBN and Zee world

Uprightness100:
This is one of the Reasons I don't Subscribe to Exposing your Family on Social media and all that..

You Expose your Home to all Sort of things, both Spiritually and Physically..

The devil is Fighting Homes Seriously in these times..

As We Pray ! We need to be guided by wisdom on the things we do..

Prayer warrior, easy oh.

The earliest black settlement in America, unknown to many, began in the 16th century with some black explorers who journeyed through the Southwest during the 1530s and settled in the Mississippi valley and along the region that later became New Mexico and South Carolina.
During the Portuguese and the Spanish exploration of the Americas, Africans played a vital role in assisting them but not as slaves but as an indentured apprentice.
About 20-25 Africans arrived in the English colony at Virginia in 1619 and had worked under an employer under agreed years just as the European settlers. Black Chattel slavery was established with plans to discontinue the indentured agreement and keep the blacks under them. First in Virginia in 1661 and later escalated through the whole English colonies in 1750 and the transatlantic slave trade in the 16th century that the slaves were forcefully shipped off from Africa to go work in the New World under their new owners. Their melanin-skinned body made them easy prey and was seen by the New World as an inferior race with an archaic culture.
To date, African America has now become one of the most populous racial groups in the United States of America; however, not every black shared a black ancestor due to population admixture, according to a genetic study.
By 1790, the blacks’ population reached 1/5th of the United States‘ population, with over 800,000 scattered all over.
Presently over 3 million African Americans...

https://54history.com/the-early-history-of-blacks-americans-in-the-americas-the-struggle-for-equality/

PriestDaniz:
I no just like this children play at all,right from time, I only see their rubbish nonsense here on Nairaland and e dey vex me , instead of watching their videos I'd rather subscribe and watch Demi Sutra, Harley Dean etc videos online all day



I know say many kolo for Nairaland go quote me with their rubbish say I be hater but I don't give a shit

But you already know.

A skeleton believed to be the fossil of the human oldest ancestor that lived 4.4 million years was discovered by a group of paleoanthropologists led by an American anthropologist, Tim D. White, in 1994.
Ardipithecus ramidus, as named, was discovered along the West of Awash River, Afar region, Aramis, in Ethiopia. The fossil's name was gotten from the Afar language – Ardi, which means ground or floor, while Ramid means root, and Pithecus, a Greek word for Ape.
Ardi, as nicknamed, shared a phylogenetic relationship with Australopithecus, as both had a non-honing canine tooth, a postcranial character relating to the facultative bipedality, and a foreshortened cranial base.
Unlike other diagnosed fossils, Ardi's skull was resting atop her spinal column, so she was believed to be bipedal when walking on the ground but quadruped while on trees, with her big toe splaying out from her foot for a comfortable grasping of trees. She weighed 51 kg, and her height was estimated to be about 117 to 124 cm. Unlike modern humans, she had a prognathous face, the tarsal and tibial lengths show a leaping ability that lacks vertical climbing or knuckles walking.
Ardi had a long lumbar vertebral series and lordosis due to her bipedality. However, the legs were not totally joined with the torso, which was believed to rely mostly on her quadriceps for climbing. Her upper pelvis was short.
Ardipithecus ramidus was believed to be omnivores according to a Carbon-isotope study of the teeth. The enamel on the teeth was neither thin nor thick, so it was thought they survived on meat, fruit, and plants. The front teeth were believed to have been used frequently for clamping and pulling of edibles.
Over the years, over 100 fossils... https:///3moU9Uj

I'm still not happy that Kidd left.

Imagine Tinubu ruling this country. I can't coman suffer Johnny Walker's era finish and continue with Tinubu.
I come this world suffer? I will migrate to Cameron first.

uncleck:
That's the least of my worries. History shows that our generation has the lowest life span compared to all preceding generations of living things. Studying past ages only make me wonder why people in our age, despite advance in science, has shorter lifespan than our predecessors.

And I don't see it shooting up but still declining.

uncleck:
Australopithecus Africanus. While we studied this things in school, they made little sense to us.

I wondered how life would be for them at then. Being surrounded by water, hills, and forests.