₦airaland Forum

The debate on how states should meet demands for independence from a part of their territory is a recurrent one. Central governments often reject those demands, or try to thwart them. Appealing to the illegality of secession is one of the usual arguments. Sometimes, a corollary of this —often with the intention to ridicule pro-independence ideas— is the assertion that not one single country has laws allowing secession. However, a handful of past and present examples show otherwise. We have chosen ten of them from around the world.

Canada
After the 1995 self-determination referendum in Quebec, in which independence was rejected by a margin of just 1% of the votes, the Canadian government —at that time led by anti-independence Quebecois Jean Chrétien— asked the Supreme Court to clarify whether Quebec was allowed to unilaterally secede. In response, the Court issued the 2 S.C.R. 217 opinion of 1998, which can be summarized in three main points. The first one, that Canadian law does not provide that Quebec can unilaterally secede, nor that the province can dictate to Canada the terms of its separation. The second one, that Canada has no basis to reject Quebec’s independence under the democratic principle provided that a majority of Quebecois clearly show in a referendum that they want to split. And the third one, that if this latter scenario does occur, the Canadian and the Quebec governments must enter into negotiations to agree on the terms of separation.

The opinion of the Supreme Court gave arguments to both sides, as evidenced by the fact that both the Canadian and the Quebec governments welcomed it. The unionist camp felt that the Court had acknowledged that Quebec could not unilaterally secede, and furthermore, that the decision must be “clear”. In fact, the so-called Clarity Act was born out of this idea: approved by the Canadian Parliament in 2000, the law establishes that the wording of the question of any independence referendum should be clear enough, as should be clear any pro-independence majority. (The same year, the National Assembly of Quebec countered by passing the so-called Act 99, according to which the required “yes” majority in a referendum should be a mere 50% of the votes plus one.)
The pro-secession camp, on the other side, was given by the Court a possibly wider victory, as it became admitted that independence is above all a political issue, and that democratic decisions made by a majority should prevail over whether the Canadian legal corpus explicitly admits the possibility of Quebec independence.

Ethiopia
This is probably the world’s most explicit Constitution regarding secession and plurinationality. The Ethiopian Constitution proclaims the “unrestricted” right of “Nations, Nationalities and Peoples” to “self-determination up to secession” (Article 39.1). The African country —which from late 19th century until the end of the Cold War sought to build a highly centralized power— has been organized under a federal model since 1991, after the communist regime led by Mengistu Haile Mariam was overthrown. There are 11 federal regions/territories, most of them formed on an ethnolinguistic basis: the Oromo, the Somali and the Afar, for instance, each have their own region, with their own government and Parliament.

According to journalist and historian Colin Woodard, North America is made up of eleven distinct nations. He discusses the history of the continent, offering a revolutionary and revelatory take on American identity, and how the conflicts between them have shaped our past and mold our future. From the Deep South to the Far West, to Yankeedom to El Norte, Woodard reveals how each region continues to uphold its distinguishing ideals and identities today.

Today we take a look at the 11 Nations which, according to Colin Woodard, the author of "American Nations", exist inside the U.S.A.


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N0YAR_vsQZ8


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N9XMTdRwWVg

Around 50 thousand people live on the Faroe Islands. But too many of them are men. Faroese women go abroad to study. Many don’t return. Men stay behind to live off the sea. Now the islands are enjoying a growing influx of women from the Philippines.

Antonette gets her folk dress out of the closet. Like a native Faroese woman, she’s getting ready for the Ólavsøka, the national holiday of the Faroe Islands. The 36-year-old actually comes from the metropolis of Manila. But life in the Philippines was too loud, stressful and uncertain for her. Antonette sought security and safety and married Regin Egholm a year ago. Her first daughter was born nine months later. Her new happiness on the other side of the world is complete.

Antonette is one of about 200 Filipinas who now live on the islands in the North Atlantic. Rain instead of sun, dried fish instead of tropical fruits - at first, their new life on the edge of Europe was a culture shock for many of them. And yet Filipinas and Faroe Islanders often share the same values. Family, faith and tradition are important in both cultures.

These values are often reason enough for young, liberated Faroese women to leave. The only university is too small and most men too old-fashioned. As a result, there are about 15 percent more men than women living on the islands today.

The government is trying to make the Faroes more attractive. New courses of study and more jobs are supposed to draw Faroese women back to the islands. But in the meantime, women from the Philippines are settling in their new home, where they form the largest ethnic minority on the islands, closely followed by women from Thailand.



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U1-LCixbumI&t=155s

dairykidd:
God is the greatest but i don't like the ways of this very man

The picture depicts slavery.

Friend22:
Using the word "assistant God"/will not deter me from questioning every garbage you Christians claim.
How did he get there?!
No visa,no nothing.
You thibknyiu are talking to simpletons?!
One blow, he lands in another country.

Suleiman went Atlanta I think around last year.
What did he use in getting there?
Toilet system?!

You guys are the reason atheism is spreading really fast .
You just talk anyhow

He uses African magic system with demons telling him where to go.

Image123:
Which main game be this? A so called man of God in Germany and France without passport and Visa. Whose work is he doing?

Even Suleiman applies for visa to travel to Europe.The french embassy should debunk this lie.

Cocobongo:
Let me also tell you how my spiritual boy withdrew 50million naira from first bank without having an account...dats a miracle from God right?

Idiots.....God don dey perform magic abi...
Emancipate yourselves from religious mental slavery before its to late because on the last day,
My brother, e go shock una

Your boy withdrew 50million for Omega fire ministry through God’s miracle,you will see how Suleman will quickly debunk it.

Except the fall of the naira to US dollar.

How are German weapons reaching crisis zones?

German weapons have been sold to crisis zones around the world without being licensed for export. Now, a court is trying to determine how German arms were sent overseas and who was responsible for their shipment.

In 2015, a German television documentary uncovered the export of G36 assault rifles from Baden-Württemberg to a part of Mexico plagued by violence and human rights violations. The reporters found that the manufacturer, Heckler & Koch, had no export license for these guns. Shortly after the broadcast, prosecutors in Stuttgart filed charges against the executives believed to be behind the deal, after a five-year investigation. But the court acquitted the executives and only a secretary was convicted. Now an appeal has been filed with Germany’s Supreme Court, the Bundesgerichtshof.

Filmmaker Daniel Harrich followed the Stuttgart court case closely and now analyzes what happened in this documentary. He also asks if the German authorities also share moral responsibility for the consignment. Giiven Germany’s strict monitoring of arms exports, Harrich wonders how Heckler & Koch assault rifles ended up in four troubled Mexican provinces without the appropriate paperwork.

During his research, Harrich visited a number of sites in Germany and Mexico, where he came across yet another arms deal that triggered even more questions. Is a new weapons’ export scandal in the making even before the verdict in the appeal is announced?


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3SCjJT5_3Ag

Germany’s secret service, the BND, is heavily involved in the delivery of weapons to crisis areas of the world. As this documentary shows, it has - among other things - played along with arms deals made by German shipping companies.

Top secret operations are carried out silently, bypassing the federal authorities by exploiting a blind spot between the Foreign Trade and the War Weapons Control Acts. The weapons are not shipped from
Germany, but via a secret port in Ukraine that does not appear on any map. The trail leads to Kyiv, where a former Ukrainian president confirms the existence of the port and the "delicate” arms deals. For the first time, the chief of the country’s secret service acknowledges that German companies are involved in the shipping of military weapons via the Ukraine, and provides the film team with the first and only television pictures of the secret port. Research in the USA throws up more alarming indications. American satellite images show the port where heavy-lift carriers load tanks, howitzers and other military equipment. At least two German shipping companies are involved in the operation.

The plethora of secret documents points in particular to a former world market leader in the heavy-lift cargo business, the Bremen-based in Beluga shipping company, which has since ceased trading. Four of its ships are explicitly named. Loading and stowage lists show that the shipping company repeatedly planned and shipped armaments - and one man, a BND officer with the code name "Klaus Hollmann,” was always involved. The German parliament only found out about the BND’s involvement in the arms deliveries through the makers of this film and is now trying to get to the bottom of the affair. Intelligence experts see this as an important step in averting further damage to German Democracy.


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6X1Y0Mj7Qzc

Benjie70:
Assistant God

I know what i am saying.You will only believe this lie,if you have never travelled to Europe before.

RedNStripes:

He used someone else’s passport or African magic to travel.Suleman is not saying the truth.

Huge areas of tropical rainforest are being destroyed to make charcoal for barbecues. The global deforestation is leading to growing problems. Nigeria and the DRC Congo - two of Europe’s main charcoal suppliers - are also affected.

Every year, Europeans use approximately 800,000 tons of charcoal for barbecuing. Seventy percent of the charcoal comes from outside the EU, and the bags often contain remnants of tropical woods. Officially, tropical woods are subject to strict import conditions. But when it comes to wood charcoal, these do not apply.

Worldwide, 2.7 billion people cook and heat with wood or charcoal. The related emission of greenhouse gases is enormous. 55 percent of global wood is used as fuel per year, and much of it is cut illegally in Africa’s bush and tropical forests. Nigeria produces most of its charcoal for export. Especially during dry periods, local Nigerian farmers use coal production as a lifeline to make money and feed their families. At the same time, charcoal mills travel the countryside in family groups, charring all the trees they can cut down.

The consequences are hair-raising. Nigeria lost 36 percent of its forests between 1990 and 2005. At present, twelve percent of the country is still covered with forest - but charcoal production continues to rise, eating up 350,000 hectares of fertile land here every year.

According to the UN, charcoal production is one of the main causes of deforestation in Africa, which in turn is closely linked to massive deterioration in soil quality and a growing risk of crop failure. But African legislation has been slow to respond to the problem.

The coal business is highly lucrative business, and rakes in some 7.4 billion US Dollars a year. According to recent estimates, the current illegal trade in charcoal is worth almost three times as much as the trade in illegal drugs.


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WDP-j5RdSUU

Bkayyy:
Oga use easier English for easier understanding.
Which one is "My Hatun" and 'Encomium"

My hatun was used during the ottoman reign as a reference to a lady,like Yorubas will say Omidan or Iya Afin.

Aconomist:
Blacks in general can't rule themselves. Imagine a country with no electricity in 2020. The black brain is not as developed as other races. He doesn't understand long term or strategic thinking.

A black man would steal government money to buy Lamborghinis and Gucci belts, and then he is surprised when other races call him monkey.

Your assumptions are not true because poverty damages the mindset of the blacks.If you remove poverty from the black race,we will be better than other races.The whites and Arabs brought their destructive religions and practices to us.
African is under hypnotism at the moment.

We must return to our ways before the colonialists came to brainwash and conquer our lands. Only then can we live as a great people we were created to be.

WorkTheTalk:
Let her forget Nigeria for now, and ask for asylum in another country. Nigeria is a no respecter of anybody's human right for now.

She might not be granted asylum in Canada,The canadian Inmigration might say she has the internal flight alternative in Nigeria.If her life is threatened in Lagos,she can relocate to Iboland.

Lagos really need to be decongested

Chief Obafemi Jeremiah Oyeniyi Awolowo, GCFR (Yoruba: Ọbafẹ́mi Oyèníyì Awólọ́wọ̀; 6 March 1909 – 9 May 1987), was a Nigerian nationalist and statesman who played a key role in Nigeria's independence movement, the First and Second Republics and the Civil War.[citation needed] The son of a Yoruba farmer, he was one of the truly self-made men among his contemporaries in Nigeria.

As a young man he was an active journalist, editing publications such as the Nigerian worker, on top of others as well. After receiving his bachelors of commerce degree in Nigeria, he traveled to London to pursue his degree in law.[citation needed] Obafemi Awolowo was the first premier of the Western Region and later federal commissioner for finance, and vice chairman of the Federal Executive Council during the Nigerian Civil War. He was thrice a major contender for his country's highest office.

A native of Ikenne in Ogun State of south-western Nigeria, he started his career, like some of his well-known contemporaries, as a nationalist in the Nigerian Youth Movement in which he rose to become Western Provincial Secretary. Awolowo was responsible for much of the progressive social legislation that has made Nigeria a modern nation. Awolowo was the first Leader of Government Business and Minister of Local Government and Finance, and first Premier of the Western Region under Nigeria's parliamentary system, from 1952 to 1959. He was the official Leader of the Opposition in the federal parliament to the Balewa government from 1959 to 1963.In 1963 he was imprisoned under the accusations of sedition and was not pardoned by the government until 1966, after which he assumed the role as Minister of Finance. In recognition of all of this, Awolowo was the first individual in the modern era to be named as the leader of the Yorubas (Yoruba: Asiwaju Awon Yoruba or Asiwaju Omo Oodua).

Politics
Awolowo was Nigeria's foremost federalist. In his Path to Nigerian Freedom (1947) – the first systematic federalist manifesto by a Nigerian politician – he advocated federalism as the only basis for equitable national integration and, as head of the Action Group, he led demands for a federal constitution, which was introduced in the 1954 Lyttleton Constitution, following primarily the model proposed by the Western Region delegation led by him. As premier, he proved to be and was viewed as a man of vision and a dynamic administrator.

Awolowo was also the country's leading social democratic politician. He supported limited public ownership and limited central planning in government. He believed that the state should channel Nigeria's resources into education and state-led infrastructural development. Controversially, and at considerable expense, he introduced free primary education for all and free health care for children in the Western Region, established the first television service in Africa in 1959, and the Oduduwa Group, all of which were financed from the highly lucrative cocoa industry which was the mainstay of the regional economy.

Legacy
In 1992, the Obafemi Awolowo Foundation was founded as an independent, non-profit, non-partisan organisation committed to furthering the symbiotic interaction of public policy and relevant scholarship with a view to promoting the overall development of the Nigerian nation[citation needed]. The Foundation was launched by the President of Nigeria at that time, General Ibrahim Babangida, at the Liberty Stadium, Ibadan.

However, his most important bequests (styled Awoism) are his exemplary integrity, his welfarism, his contributions to hastening the process of decolonisation and his consistent and reasoned advocacy of federalism-based on ethno-linguistic self-determination and uniting politically strong states-as the best basis for Nigerian unity[citation needed]. Awolowo died peacefully at his Ikenne home, the Efunyela Hall (so named after his mother), on 9 May 1987, at the age of 78 and was laid to rest in Ikenne, amid tributes across political and ethno-religious divides.

The Achievement Of Pa Obafemi Awolowo of Western Region.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8ROeoE383M


DISCUSSING THE LEGACY OF PA. OBAFEMI AWOLOWO

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ND-2FiKEa7w

YorubaKinging:
The end is near

Tinubu will be used as a scapegoat

All expresidents should be made to return their pension of 25million per month from IBB,OBJ,JONA,Gowon etc

Amotolongbo:
More like Winner’s chapel employs about 10,200 tithe collectors.

This is one of the beauties of religion anyway, employment, reducing the number of the unemployed people in our society

They employed 10,200 slaves who will work for God for free and sabotage their members.

Nazgul:
And chioma should contest for Lagos State House of assembly or governor in 2023

Davido has Ibo blood while Chioma doesnt.We are sending mixed ibo and Yoruba blood to contest in Iboland 2023 as your Governor,Senate and house of representative.

kingxsamz:
Why do Christians want the world to end so bad?
It's starting to look like a cult.

All religions are born out of cultist ideas.

Nazgul:
So David's grandmother is an Igbo and his wife is an Igbo then his son's name is Ifeanyichukwu an Igbo also...very good to see the South uniting

Davido should contest for Abia state House of assembly or Governor in 2023.

Gracchus:
You said it all!!! They appear to always look to others for validation or proof of their pseudo greatness.

They suffer from Narcissistic personality disorder and low self esteem.

humilitypays:
When the wise Ooni of Ife who also have a root in Igbo land told them that they are all Igbos they wanted to lynch Ooni alive if not that they were scared of his elephant jazz ;
They prefer to follow that ex drug baron from Futajalon who later migrated from Osun to Ikoyi where he remote-controls the remaining miscreants and their Awawa boys

How can the slaves to the bini kingdom be reallated to the Yorubas?Yorubas and the binis are brothers.Both Yorubas and bini had their own kingdoms which the Ibos never had until Britico gave your warrant chiefs red caps.

lekki1444:
THIS woman look scary without makeup. meanwhile the next president will be obama cuz obama will be running the show from the shadows

The Godfathers run the show not Obama,I hope he doesnot create a war in a new country like Obama making profits for weapon companies.

starbuck:
Are they not Muslims

Is this not Haram

I mean the pressing of brezz

It is not haram if he touches his wife.

Oizatobad:
SIR CHECK THEIR SKIN AND OUR SKIN WERE TOO MUCH DIFFERENT

There is only one human race.Scandinavians came from black ancestors.
Swedish person with Nigerian Dna

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NV-jynoSYY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqxwBJwY-RM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N3YdzJA0kC4

Chicagoesontop:
See country wey sabi, they detect their peoblem and tackle it from the grassroots.

why use a hammer for a tooth ache,Animals have feelings too.why didnt they kill all the citizens since they have coronavirus?Europeans are very cruel to animals.I hope animals can fight back one day.

BigSarah:
The whites came to take BLOOD, cause sweat, and give TEARS...
The blacks allowed themselves to be swayed

The whites took our civilization and gave Africans their diseases through religion.