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*GROWING GUIDE FOR MANGOES*


Mango farming is regarded to be one of the leading economic fruit trees.It is loved by many because of its good flavor and delicious taste. They have a high level of vitamin A and vitamin C.

One of the most important things farmers consider in raising the quality of mango production is the suitability of the soils, fertilisers, climate and irrigation in the proposed plantation site. They are encouraged to collect soil samples for testing to identify nutrients, composition and other characteristics to know whether the soil is suitable for mango cultivation.

Mango is not only eating
it as a fruit but can also be used in mango juice and other drinks production.


*COMMON VARIETIES COMMON IN NIGERIA AND IMPORTED VARIETIES*

*LOCAL MANGO VARIETIES*

*Ogbomosho.

*Benue.

*Kerosine .

* Sheri etc.

*FOREIGN MANGO VARIETIES*

*Tommy Akins.

* Haden.

*Kent.

*Keitt

* Julie

*Edward.etc.


*SITE LOCATION*

Getting a good location that has a good and suitable soil will
contribute to your mango production. As much as they can develop in numerous soil types, loamy soil is regarded to be the best soil for growing mango. Mango
requires a soil that can hold water and also slowly dry them.

*LAND PREPARATION*

Mango planting or seedlings transplanting should be done after you must have prepared your land. The land can be prepared by leveling, deep ridging
and creating slops that will allow good drainage.

In planting your mango, it is required that you space at 8m x 8m ; so that they can receive enough air and sunlight for proper development and growth.

Also cutting down grasses or tree
and clear the lands are necessary before planting.Planting of mango is normally during the month of May to
July for proper
yield and maximum development.

*PROPAGATION OF MANGO*

It is important to source for grafted mango seedlings instead of growing or planting direct mango seeds. Grafted mango tree can easily bear fruits and also easy to manage than when is produced from mango seeds.

Grafting of mango trees in the process of transferring bearing tree to separate seedling know a rootstock.
Mango tree grafting is known to be the most economical and trusted method of mango propagation.Grafted mango seedlings take 3 to 4yrs to produce.


*TRANSPLANTING OF THE MANGO SEEDLINGS*

Planting holes should be dug to a depth of 1m x 1m x 1m (circle like) .The spacing of these holes should consider the mango tree canopy as well as the soil fertility of the area.Spacing between mango trees varies from variety to variety and growing environment.Spacing ranges from 8m x 8m ,9m x 9m ,10m by 10m to 12m x 12m .Ideally 8m to 10m is ok for most variety .So u need 156,123 and 100 stand per hectare depending on the spacing you choose.

*STEPS TO TRANSPLANTING THE YOUNG MANGO SEEDLINGS*

(1) When ready to plant your seedlings having dug your planting holes ,refill the hole with one quarter of the top soil first dug out when preparing the planting holes.

(2) Remove the polythene bag by tearing it on the side with a razor blade or a sharp knief while holding the seedling up right.Ensure there is no disturbance of the root systems while doing this.

(3) Place the seedling in the hole .Half fill the hole with top soil and press it gently towards the root.Fill the hole with water and allow it to drain before completely filling the whole with soils.Ensure this is done without removing the soil around the root and or bending the roots.

Make a basin round the base of the tree by gently pressing down the soils around the seedling.The basin will help hold the water after watering.Ensure that the seedling sits upright just as it was on the polythene bag in the nursery.


4. Apply a mulch layer of dried leaves under the young tree .Mulch provides organic matter (a valuable source of tree nutrients and food for beneficial soil micro-oragnisms).Mulch also reduces moisture loss and competition from weeds.


*MANAGEMENT OF YOUNG MANGO TREES AFTER PLANTING*

Management of trees is the difference between wild trees that are uncared for and organized orchard .The following listed practices must be observed regularly for a better tree production.

� *PROTECTION OF YOUNG MANGO TREES*:
Where the fruit tree is planted on an open field particularly where animals are also grazed,it is advisable to protect the fruit tree against destruction by livestock especially goats,cattle etc by building a fence of sticks /net around the planted fruit tree.

� *IRRIGATION*: Watering should be done immediately after planting in the field to foster proper tree establishment .If possible you have alternative irrigation drip systems for the trees or there should be at least three to four time of rain weekly for the young trees .

Also note that watering is not recommended 2 to 3 months before flowering as it will encourage increased branching and leaves development .

� *MANURE /FERTILIZER APPLICATION* : After about 3 to 6 months when the young tree is fully established in the soil ,start application of Nitrogenous fertilizers such as Urea .(in case of fruit trees like mango,paw paw,oranges) Apply nitrogenous fertilizers in varied intervals to avoid leaching out (i.e downward movement of useful mineral or nutrients in water).

Alternatively to chemical fertilizers,properly prepared farm yard manure or compost ,kitchen ash and mulching can be used in place of regular fertilizers.

� *PRUNNING AND TRAINING*
The height and form of the fruit tree need to be controlled.This is meant to guide the tree and facilitate its harvesting at its latter years .It is advisable you carry out prunning in the first year to guide tree into desired shape.

When trees are about 1m from.the ground ,cap seedlings to encourage side branches.Carry our prunning later for proper tree maintenance and should be carried out after fruit harvest .Control height and all branches at kneel level and prune.Remove all dead branches to allow sunlight through the canopy to the ground under the tree.

� **FLOWERING AND FRUIT FORMATION**

Grafted fruit trees usually start start to flower within two years from.planting .However,fruit formation should be discouraged at this stage as it can affect growth of the fruit tree.For grafted mangoes,it is advisable that fruit formation be allowed from.the 3rd to 4th year onwards.


� *PEST AND DISEASES COMMON WITH MANGO TREES*

Fruit fly is the most common pest of mangoes and other fruit flies usually causing a lot of damage and high losses of these fruits.The use of fruit fly traps is popular method of controlling fruit fly among other ways like using pesticides .

Other pest include gall midges and scales insects .Powdery mildew and anthracnose are the most common mango diseases mainly affecting the flowers,tender leaves and leading to development of black lesions on mango fruits.

Powdery mildew can be controlled by spraying sulpur ,while anthracnose can be controlled using copper fungicides such as Red force.

� **MATURITY AND HARVESTING*
It takes about 90 to 160 days after flowering for the mangoes to reach maturity depending on variety.Good harvesting practices are necessary .Mangoes should not be removed from the tree by beating with a stick and dropping to the ground.

They should be picked by hand and if possible bedt to harvest with some stem (2-3cm) attached to the fruits.This reduces the latex which can cover the fruit if incorrectly harvested.Fruits are generally picked when they begin to change outer colour e.g from deep green to light green in some varieties.

After harvesting the fruits ,pack fruit in a single layer with stalks facing downwards in a box or crate for transportation to the market.Good post harvest handling should involve storage in boxes or crates rather than sackd to avoid bruising the fruits .

NB .. For pictures of the diff mango fruit types mentiones here ,pls check PAGE 1 to 3 of this thread .

Interested in purchasing grafted mango seedlings and other economic fruit tree seedlings ; pls contact Seedworld Ltd 07082638957(whatspp), 08066570287. Email: seedworldintegratedconceptltd@gmail.com

#500 per kilo

*HOT SALES*


Fresh sweet corn in large volume available for sale. Pls if interested for booking,further enquires or farm pick up at Ikorodu axis, pls contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957.Serious buyers only.

Per bag of 100kg #25,000

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*HOT SALES*

*75 Bags (100kg) of Cameroon dried hot pepper for sale*

*Pick up and delivery options available provided you bear the cost of delivery*

*Location* : Abakaliki ,Ebonyi state.

*For pricing or further enquiries pls contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638958 (Whatapp)*

*INTRODUCING MULCHING FILMS FOR ENHANCED CROP PRODUCTION*

*DESCRIPTION*

Mulch films are used to modify soil temperature, limit weed growth, prevent moisture loss, and improve crop yield as well as precocity. Because of their thickness, use of pigments and their exposure to high solar irradiation, mulch films require proper light and thermal stabilizers with intermediate chemical resistance.

Plastics mulch films are mainly used for growing fruit and vegetable crops over extensive areas, mulch films offer the following advantages:


*ADVANTAGES OF USING MULCH FILMS*

1. Improved crop quality.

2. Water retention.

3. Minimization of weed spread.

4. Soil temperature control.

5. Soil disinfection before sowing.

6.Reduction in plant root damage.

7.Reduction in soil compaction.


*DIMENSIONS*

*1.2m by 300m*
*1.2m by 500m*

*Thickness 35microns*

*Available Colour*: Black and silver.

For pricing and order placement pls contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 (Whatsapp) Email: seedworldintegratedconceptltd@gmail.com

Yea

Contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 (Whatsapp) for price list.

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About Matag Coconut


MATAG is a short form or a nick name of new hybrid coconut which is from original coconut from Malaysia which is Malaysia Yellow Dwarf (MYD) or Malaysia Red Dwarf (MRD) with Tagnanan coconut from Philippine. The height of MATAG coconut can reach up to 15 meter and the leaves can be green or orange depends on the main Malaysia coconut tree. MATAG coconut is the new type of coconut where it can produce approximately up to 40,000 of coconut per hectare each year which is more than the normal coconut or other hybrid coconut tree.

The coconut produced by MATAG coconut tree is suitable for variety of uses such as for coconut water, coconut milk production, and also for grated coconut. If the coconut farm has been organized well and adequate rainfall, MTAG coconut will start to blossom on the third year and it can be harvest on the next year. Besides, MATAG coconut will produce high production of copra in long term duration where one MATAG coconut tree can produce the copra eight times per year.

In term of producing the coconut fruit, each of the MATAG coconut tree will have about four to five cluster where each cluster will consists maximum 15 – 17 coconuts. But for the first six years of planting the MATAG coconut tree, it will produce lower quantity of copra which about 12.2kg to 36.4kg for the first year compared to the normal coconut tree which is about 16.4kg to 33kg. MATAG coconut tree will start to produce high quantity of copra on the seventh year which is 42.2kg compared to 34.3kg for normal coconut.

The characteristics and also the benefits of MATAG coconut is that this type of coconut will produce high quality of copra were it has thicker plump compared to other hybrid coconut and also normal coconut. The size of the coconut also bigger which it makes the copra thicker and it can increase the production of grated coconut an also coconut milk increase compared to the normal coconut. In addition, the taste of the MATAG coconut also more delicious because the coconut water is sweeter and more rather than normal or other hybrid coconut which make it more suitable for people to drink it

*INTRODUCING THE NONI TREE SEEDLINGS*

*NONI TREE SPECIFICATIONS/CHARACTERISTICS*.

*Origin*: Island of Tahiti

*Variety* : Morinda citrifolia

*Fruit size*: Orange size

*First Production Yield* 12 months

*Time of planting*: Anytime of the year if enough water is available especially raining season planting or drip irrigation .

*Soil requirement*: Sandy loam

*Planting distance or Spacing*: 4m x 4m

*Quantity of suckers needed per acre Planting*: 250

*TREE HEIGHT/DWARF* : Dwarf tree (1meter)

*Duration of maturity*: 12 months (1yr)

If Interested pls Contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 (Whatsapp) for pricing and order placement.Email : seedworldintegratedconceptltd@gmail.com

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*INTRODUCING MALAYAN DWARF COCONUT VARIETY*

*DESCRIPTION*

The Malayan Dwarf is a variety of dwarf coconut. The palm is classified based on the nut color: ivory yellow nuts, apricot red nuts, and green nuts.The palm's resistance to the Lethal Yellowing disease as the characteristic that makes it to be one of the important dwarf types in the world.

*SPECIFICATIONS/CHARACTERISTICS*.

**Origin*: Malaysia

**Variety* : Malayan dwarf coconut

**Fruit size*: it varies but about 12-15 inches

**First Production Yield or fruits per tree* 150 to 200 fruits in a year

**Time of planting*: when the rain start fully; so depending on your locations or weather conditions.

**Soil requirement*: loamy, coastal sandy,latrine, alluvial, clayey,reclaimed well drained marshy low land or absence of rocks

**Planting distance or Spacing* - 7m*7m

**Quantity of seedlings needed per acre Planting*: 80 seedlings

**Duration flowering, fruiting and maturity*:3 years

*Copra Yield/hectare/year* 3tonnes.


For pricing or order placement contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 (Whatsapp) Email : seedworldintegratedconceptltd@gmail.com

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INTRODUCING THE TEAK WOOD TREE.


Name : Teakwood Tree ( Tectona )


The Teak Tree, or Tectona, is one of the tropical hardwood birches, included in the family Verbenaceae. This tree is originally from the plantations of South East Asia, and can grow to a height of 30 - 40 m.
As part of its life cycle, this tree sheds its leaves every year at dry season. Its longevity is very great, the Teak tree often living to an age of 100 years. Teak is especially noted for its capacity to withstand changes in the weather and season. One of the reasons for this is the ability of the Teak to bend, but not break, in the face of high winds.

Also, the Teak tree resin typically has an oil in its Galih (Cambium/heartwood) that is highly water resistant. This content alone can protect the Teak from decay, insects, and bacteria. At the same time, the combination of unique Teak tree content and thick fibers make it easier to cut and then later sculpt into pleasing forms. Because of this special characteristic, not found in other trees, there has always been interest in using Teak wood for various types of furniture.

Teak trees found in South-East Asia forests reach a height of up to 150 feet, have reddish-green leaves with rough skin, and heartwood that is brown to dark gold in color. Of the main teak producers ,Indonesia, India, Myanmar, Philippine, and Malaysia, Indonesia's teak is considered of the highest quality in the world.



*Time of planting*:March, April, may. Note; planting can be done anytime of the year is there is water/irrigation

*Soil requirement*: well drained loam soil

*Planting distance*:2by2m, 2.5by2.5m, 3by3m

*Quantity per Acre Planting*: 600-800-1000seedlings

*Duration of maturity*: 5 years and above

For purchase of Teak Seedlings do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957.

SEEDWORLD INTEGRATED CONCEPT LTD.

Our Services:

� Orchard And Plantation Establishment

� Sales Of Indigenous Improved Plants

� Sales Of Grafted And Budded Plant Seedlings

� Sales Of Improved Viable Suckers And Cuttings Such as ��

��Budded Citrus seedlings such as (sweet orange, sweet grape, tangelos, shaddock, lemon)

� Sugar loaf pineapple suckers

�Coconut seedlings (hybrid and Dwarf)

�Avocado pear seedlings

�Local pear seedlings (ube)

�Exotic cherry(sweet agbalumo) seedlings

�Local cherry seedlings

�Passion fruit seedlings

�Walnut seedlings

�Brazilian jumbo cashew seedlings

�Bitter kola seedlings

�Sweet berry seedlings(agbayun)

�Bread fruit (pounded yam and groundnut variety) seedlings

�Ogbono/Avenger seedlings

�Dwarf kola seedlings

�Giant elephant plantain suckers

�Cavendish banana suckers

�Smooth Cayenne pineapple suckers

�Ata igbere seedlings

�Sour sop seedlings

�Sugar apple seedlings

�Bell apple seedlings

�Hybrid tenera oil palm seedlings

�Almond fruit seedlings

�Hybrid cocoa seedlings

�Teak seedlings

�Milliner seedlings

�Grafted Mango seedlings

�Bumpers nut seedlings

�Hybrid and dwarf paw paw seeds and seedlings

�Jumbo guava seedlings

�Sugar cane cuttings. etc

For pricing and booking kindly call or (WhatsApp) SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957.Email : seedworldintegratedconceptltd@gmail.com

Contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 for pricing, delivery arrangement and further enquiries.

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INTRODUCING TIHAN INSECTICIDE.

Our office is in mowe ogun state around redeem camp axis. 125 ifeoluwa plaza, Along Ofada road,Mowe. You can call SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957(Whataapp) for direction.

***Fast facts about grapes***


The nutrients in grapes may help protect against cancer, eye problems, cardiovascular disease, and other health conditions.

Resveratrol is a key nutrient in grapes that may offer health benefits.

Grapes are a good source of fiber, potassium, and a range of vitamins and other minerals.

Grapes are suitable for people with diabetes, as long as they are accounted for in the diet plan.

For purchase of grape vine seedlings, do well to contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 (what's app) Email : seedworldintegratedconceptltd@gmail.com

DWARF COCONUT

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*INTRODUCING THE SUNFLOWER **


*DESCRIPTION*


Sunflowers are tall annuals. Modern cultivated varieties of sunflower reach a plant height of between 1.5 and 2.5 m at flowering and have strong taproots, from which deeply-penetrating lateral roots develop.

There is one apical inflorescence on a stem of 20-30 leaves. Leaves are large, dark green and roughly heart shaped, they have a wrinkled surface and prominent veins.

The leaves are individually stalked and arranged round the stem in such a fashion that light interception is maximised. The flower head typically has a maximum diameter of 15-30 cm which consists of mostly yellow and sterile ligulate or ray flowers and the fertile disc or tube flowers.


The flowers tend to be cross-pollinating and the best temperature range for the production of seed is 20-25°C. Seed and oil yield are reduced under conditions of stress.

Oilseed producing varieties have a 1000 seed weight of 40 to 60g and non-oilseed varieties have a 1000 seed weight of sometimes over 100g.

The crop originated in subtropical and temperate zones, but through selective breeding has been made highly adaptable, especially to warm temperate regions.

Sunflower is adapted to a range of soil conditions, but grows best on well-drained, high water-holding capacity soils with a near neutral pH (6.5-7.5).

Production on high-stress soils such as those affected by drought, salinity or wetness is not exceptional but compares favourably with other commonly grown commercial crops.

Native sunflower and the early varieties were self incompatible and required insect pollination for economic seed set and yield.

However, because the number of pollinators was often too low current hybrid varieties have been selected for and possess high levels of self compatibility.

Modern hybrids still benefit from insect pollination.

*Details of Quality Characteristics Average oil content of the seed*:

40-50% (Entire fruit), 50-60% (kernel only). Oil composition: Over 90% oleic and linoleic acids in reciprocal proportions, although states 25.1% oleic, 66.2% linoleic. Average protein content of the seed: 20-30% .

To date, sunflower oil has only been used as an edible oil due to it's higher price and limited supply in comparison to other oils. But due to its naturally high proportion of linoleic acid and advances in oil processing technology, the oil has advantages as a drying oil over linseed oil as it does not yellow with time.


The yellowing is due to the high linolenic acid content of the linseed oil). With the development of varieties high in oleic acid, and if a reduction in production costs can be achieved, sunflower oil could be used in the oleochemical industry. There is limited production of non-oilseed varieties for use in confectionery and as bird feed.

Sunflower is perceived to be a drought tolerant crop as it roots deeply and extracts water at depths not reached by other crops. Sunflower is comparable to maize in many ways although it can extract water more efficiently in low-rainfall areas.

The seedbed should be prepared so that a moist soil environment is available for germination and growth. The soil surface should be left as rough as possible to reduce the risk of soil erosion, drifting and blowing soil can seriously damage young seedlings.

If the soil becomes compacted prior to planting reduced aeration and restricted water movement will occur, these conditions will increase the risk of downy mildew occurring. Breakdown of soil structure also reduces nutrient and water uptake and therefore yield.


Sunflower has a wide potential sowing window. High yields may be produced from early plantings yet yields may be reduced by increased pest problems.

Soil temperature should be a minimum of 7ºC for planting and around 10ºC for germination. Lower temperatures will increase the susceptibility of seedlings to diseases such as downy mildew.

The main insect problems in sunflower crops include cutworms, sunflower bud moth, sunflower stem weevil, sunflower root weevil and the sunflower midge.

Major disease problems include downy mildew, alternaria leaf and stem spot, septoria leaf spot, sclerotinia, botrytis, phoma, stem canker, verticillium wilt and nematode diseases. Adequate prevention and treatment is therefore necessary to tackle the above.

One of the major problematic weeds in the sunflower crop is wild oat, this can cause severe yield loss and should be treated if the threshold level is reached.

Other potentially damaging problems include birds, rabbits, deer, mice, flooding and frost. Soils are often found to be deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur. Potassium, calcium and magnesium are also frequently deficient in high-rainfall areas.

Boron may also be required in some soils. Nitrogen applications of 50-75kg/ha are generally sufficient.

The crop is generally harvested in September-October after a growing season of around 120 days (depending on summer temperatures, relative moisture distribution and fertility levels).

Sunflowers should be grown in a suitable rotation to reduce the risk of weed, pest and disease attack, volunteers establishing, soil moisture depletion or phytotoxicity of the sunflower residue to the sunflower crop.

For purchase of Sunflower seeds or further enquiries do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957(Whatsapp) Email:seedworldintegratedconceptltd@gmail.com

Gdm,there are many fruit trees you can choose from, depending on what you can manage .You can choose, coconut, oil palm, citrus, mango's, cashew (if u have sufficient land) Avocado pear etc

LadySarah:
We just got some plots of land and intend to plant some economic trees in them which hopefully in short termwill yield fruits.Which do you advice we plqnt ,thwir mqturity duration and cost.

pls its important so i can plan myself towards it.

Improved variety very important

INTRODUCING THE MALAYSIAN DWARF COCONUT VARIETY.


*THE MALAYSIAN DWARF COCONUT VARIETY SPECIFICATIONS/CHARACTERISTICS*.

**Origin*: Malaysia

**Variety* : Malayan dwarf coconut

**Fruit size*: it varies but about 12-15 inches

**First Production Yield or fruits per tree* 200 fruits in a year

**Time of planting*: when the rain start so depending on your locations or weather conditions

**Soil requirement*: loamy, coastal sandy,latrine, alluvial, clayey,reclaimed well drained marshy low land or absence of rocks


**Planting distance or Spacing* - 7m*7m

**Quantity of seedlings needed per acre Planting*: 80 seedlings

**Duration flowering, fruiting and maturity*:3 years

If interested in the seedlings of this coconut variety do well to call SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 (what's app) Email : seedworldintegratedconceptltd@gmail.com

For pricing or further enquiries.

Dwarf Coconut seedlings available for sale, do contact SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957(Whatsapp)

We don't have Ugu

Plz get in touch with SEEDWORLD LTD 07082638957 whatsapp or call for price list.

DWARF COCONUT TREE

HERBS