₦airaland Forum

SOLAR PANEL CALCULATION- Now that we know how much energy we want to run and store per day, it’s time we compute the size of solar panel needed to provide us with the energy we need and also charge our battery system.
The formula for this = Total watt hour/sun peak * 1.3(30% efficiency lost added to the system
Sun peak= No of hours at which the sun shines daily (at its peak)
Solar panel needed = 1920/4*1.3 = 624w
Note - I choose 4 as our sun peak value because here in Warri where I am, we get at least 4 hours of good sun per day (sometimes, we can get more than four hours of sun ray but it is safe run our calculations on less). If you are in the north or a sunnier area you can increase yours.
Now we know that we need 624wh worth of solar panels. Solar panels come in different wattage e.g. 150w, 175w, 200w, 355w and so on. For our example, I will be making use of 150w solar panel. so to get the number of 150w panels I need, I simply divide 624w by 150w which will give me 4.16 approximately 4. Therefore, I will be needing 4 150w solar power my appliances and charge my battery.

[/b][b]SOLAR CALCULATIONS
In other to achieve a good solar system, 5 calculations are necessary
1. Load analysis
2. Solar panel sizing
3. Battery sizing
4. Inverter sizing
5. Charge controller sizing
LOAD ANALYSIS- First we have to get the wattage of all the appliances we will be running on our solar system after which we multiply each with the numbers of hours we will be making use of them. Say for example, in my home, the following appliances are what I want to run on solar.
1. A standing fan - 30w = 30w
2. 42 Inches led Tv - 85w = 85w
3. 4 led bulbs – 8w = 32w
4. Laptop and phone charging– 40w = 40w
5. Dstv decorder – 18w = 18w
6. Sound system – 85w = 85w
Total wattage = 290W

Next we compute how many hours we plan on running each items
1. Standing fan – 12 hours
2. 42 inches TV – 6 hours
3. 4 led bulbs- 6 hours
4. Laptop and phone charging- 6 hours
5. Dstv decorder- 6 hours
6. Sound system – 6 hours





Now we multiply each device wattage by the hours we want to run our appliances
1. Fan – 30w *12h = 360wh
2. Tv – 85w*6h = 510wh
3. Bulb – 32*6h =192wh
4. Laptop and phone – 40w * 6h = 240wh
5. Decorder – 18w*6h = 108wh
6. Sound system = 85w*6h = 510wh
Total watt-Hour = 1920wh (This is the charge I need to store) Note – So of you might be thinking, is this the number of hours I can use my appliances in a whole day? The answer is NO. The number of hours I listed there is the number of hours I will be using my appliances when the sun is down(Night). Meaning that during the day when the sun is out(Day) and my battery is charging, I can make use of my appliances. The appliances will be powered directly by our solar panel. You will be needing a very good inverter system to get full efficiency and enjoy your solar system. I will talk more about this later on

Next i will be discussing on how to size your solar system i.e how to know number of solar panels, size of inverter, size of charge controller and number pf batteries you will be needing for your solar system.

COMPONENTS OF SOLAR SYSTEM
1. Solar panels- This is the heart of a solar system. They are various types of solar panels. We have poly-crystalline and mono-cyrstalline. Monocyrstallime solar panels are more efficient than poly crystalline solar panels although poly is cheaper than mono. The more powerful th sun rays, the more power you get. Solar panels are linked together in what we call a solar array. Connecting multiple solar panels together allow you to produce a higher current or run at an higher voltage. Solar panels can be connected in series to give you more voltage and more power (watts). They can also be connected in parallel to give you more current and more power(watt). Regardless if your panels are connected in series or parallel, you get more power from your connection. For example, say we have a solar array made up of four solar panels connected in series. If each individual panel is rated 12v, 12w and 1A, then this solar array connected in series will be rated at 48v,48w and 1A while if connected in parallel, will be rated 12v, 48w and 4A.

2. Batteries- Batteries are used in the solar system to store charges. Typically, this charges(energy) are stored in deep cycle lead acid batteries. These look similar to car batteries but have different internal design. This design allow them to be heavily discharge and recharged several hundred times. Most lead acid batteries in Nigeria are 12v. Like solar panels batteries can be connected in series or in parallel to increase the voltage, power and current.

3. Inverters- The electricity generated by our solar system is direct current (DC) while electricity from the national grid(phcn) is alternating current (AC). Most if not all our domestic electronics make use of AC current. That is where the inverter comes in. The inverter is simply a device use for converting Dc current to AC current. They are different type and sizes of inverter. The size of inverter depends on the load you want to power.

4. Charge controller- if you are using batteries, your solar electric system is going to require a controller in order to manage the flow of electricity (current) into and out of th battery. This will damage and eventually destroy the batteries if not controlled. A solar controller prevents This from happening by managing the batteries, ensuring the batteries do not get overcharged by the solar by the solar array and not over discharge by the load

feel free to ask any question

DISADVANTAGES
1. Initial cost is expensive- Truth be told, The initial cost of solar installation is expensive ( depending on your load capacity). Most people don’t have the initial capital needed for solar system installation. But you can always start small and experience the beauty of solar and with time, you can upgrade. You can start with installing a small solar system capable of powering a standing fan, 2 energy bulb and charge your phones.
2. Not suitable for powering heavy machinery- solar system is not suitable for powering heavy machinery as it will need a large amount of space for the solar panels and huge battery power bank. The installation of such system even if you have the space would be extremely expensive.
3. Bad technicians/clients - This is one major problem in the solar industry in nigeria. Most installers don’t fully know the calculations needed to achieve a good solar system. Some do but would want to gain a lot of profit thereby buying substandard materials and cutting short of major components needed to run the system at full efficiency( for example, from my calculations i will be needing 4 150w solar panels to fully charge the battery but since i want to cut cost, i would i install 2 solar panels which won’t be sufficient to charge the battery thereby killing the battery within a short while). The clients also are to be blamed as they would want to cut cost as much as possible giving the installer little money to work with.

We at Melbrom Nigeria Limited are here to help you with efficient solar installation that will run years without any problem. Contact details on my signature

ADVANTAGES
1. Solar system have a long life span- The longest been solar panels which life span ranges from 20-25 years, The inverter and charge controller rangers from 10-15years while the battery been the shortest ranges from 4-6 contrary to what people say. The truth is that most solar installers in nigeria do a very bad job and that kills the life span of a battery( i will talk about that later on). Over all solar installation gives good value for your money. Running a diesel or petrol generator for such amount of years will result in huge cost as compared to solar. Although the initial installation cost is high, it worth it if you think of solar installation as an investment.
2. Lowers electricity bills- solar system can help in lowering your electricity bills if you live in areas with fairly good power supply but huge bills(for those with prepaid meter). You can set up a solar system consisting of just solar panels and hybrid inverter that powers your devices when the sun is out thereby cutting power from the national grid and working on solar. This cuts down the cost of your electricity bills drastically as Nigeria gets lot of sun ray everyday
3. Eliminate Noise and Air pollution- solar system helps in reducing noise and air pollution. You can agree with me that the sound of Generator are displeasing to the ears and also the air pollution which have resulted in the death of many. Solar system helps tackle this problem
4. Earn money back on investment- like i have said earlier on, solar installation initial cost of install is expensive but with time, you earn back your money x2. This is especially for business owners who run business everyday and need power for their business. You can invest in solar installation and forget about generator for years

Solar electricity simply refers to generating electrical power using photovoltaic solar
panels. Solar power is a useful way of generating modest amounts of electricity, so long as there is a good amount of sunlight available and your location is free from
obstacles such as trees and other buildings that will shade the solar panel from
the sun. Most people usually think that solar is for the rich. Yes it is expensive but you can get yourself a small system and upgrade later on. The amount of energy you need to generate has a direct bearing on the size and
cost of a solar electric system. The more electricity you need, the more difficult
and more expensive your system will become. I for example can’t sleep at night due to heat so my first solar installation was to power my standing fan and an electric bulb all through the night. The system could also charge my phone perfectly.

Poor power supply has been a major challenge in Nigeria and it’s not getting better anytime soon. One of the efficient way to tackle this problem is through solar system which simply means harnessing the power of the sun to generate electricity. The reason of creating this thread is to educate you guys on solar system and calculations needed to get a good and efficient solar system. First let’s discuss all about solar system, the pros and the cons

Hello house,
I'm an aspiring building engineer located in Benin. Please if are located in Benin, kindly signify so I can meet you up

Ugandatales:
Lovely. I remember when I told my mom and sister I was thinking of starting a snake farm, they were so shocked and begged me not to. I just love snakes and feel they are so misunderstood.

Your eye go soon clear. Then you go know say Na you dey misunderstand say snake na bastard

He go gree hear??

Wahala

Na them sabi

This one still wan form celeb

Hmm

Righteousness89:
The World is on Fire and our People are busy Chasing rats..

Can't you all see that this thing is a Heavy Distraction to what is Important in these times..

Can't you see that the Earth's Climate has Changed..

Can't we see what is ahead of us?

Can't we See where The World is Heading to?

Our People are being thrown Deep into the Captivity and Chains of Incubus , Succubus and Immorality..

Our People are Sheepishly Heading to Destruction and Hell!

Awake Folks! There is No More Time!!!!

Open your Eyes! Your Spiritual and Physical life is being Wasted..

This is a Irrelevant and Non Essentials stuff that Has no Positive Effect on your Life Here on Earth and In Eternity..

#BewareOfTheCraftinesOfThedevil

So watin you come want make we do as Earth climate dey Change?

banjo022:
you know all these things n u r not a millionaire

The Matter non tire you

stchinedu:
Unfortunately, arrogance will not let you know your comments lack the benefit of the intellect.

You just confirmed you don't know what sarcasm is...be a man, meet your kid bro or sis to help you.

My two cent!

All I see is a pained fellow
Rest ur case

stchinedu:
You should rather learn to comprehend before jumping to conclusion.


Did you read the part where he said it is sarcasm?

Pot calling kettle black.

Oga keep shut. His sarcasm was making reference to North America been very populous. Meaning they give birth to plenty children. Disputing the facts that she did not give birth to all those children herself. So you should read also and understand before you type..rubbish

Factfinder1:
17 children? How manage

Does she stay in north America

If you dont get the joke/sarcasm dont quote me like a goat

Oga learn to read
"Some of who were adopted"

NextD18:
I want the Government to lift this lockdown and open the border so that this Coronavirus virus will wipe the entire country since we are feeling to wise and stubborn to obey the "Stay at home" order from the Government.


Rubbish!!!

Shut up there..because you get food for house you use Ur dirty finger dey type nonsense. People when non get anything for house unkor..make them obey lock down dey Look them selves and their children die from hunger abi..if u non know watin people dey pass through better shut the Bleep up and eat your food peaceful... rubbish

Wahala

Make una dey deceive una self.. useless people. Non be only God spoke to u

tuzle:
It is ignorance that will finish us in this country, I am sure some people still take these pandemic for a joke. it is when people start dying on the street before we will fully obey the sit at home instruction

Way u rest
Hunger don beat u b4?
Sit and home and eat Ur eye Abi
Even if corona starts kill millions in Nigeria, as long as the govt can't provide for the people, people will still go out and look for wat to eat until corona kill them or render them immobile

Bluehill1051:
Why don't you help him sometimes?
In my own opinion, you're worse than those children. It is your type that will rather take photos of a dying person than actually saving them.

You well so?

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chinavs9ja:
5G or No 5G, Jesus is coming soon get prepared!


Check my signature if you need a website designer

As Jesus dey come so watin we come wan use website do na

Jewessgratitudd:
It was a challenge the man of God asked for.
Well I do believe in the power of God demonstrated by His anointed.

Your brain dey shake

Add me up 07033709424

Hello..I need the ebook
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Roadtoyesterday:
God is great
How does he feed
Is there any logical explanation for this?

God is great as how?
Una non just serious