₦airaland Forum

Mkenya2019:
I agree with most of your arguments.
Indian is now at economic takeoff stage - this where economy accelerate and transform rapidly from agri to industrial proper middle class
So are Bangladesh and Veitnam.
Kenya will likely get there in 2030..it going to be one few SSA countries to take off early.
Nigeria and rest will take off in 2050.
Ghana almost tick all the boxes except for their stupid gov that keeps mismanaging the macro-economics.
And I agree first thing a country should do is to control population.
Kenya is great example of an africa country who turned hopeless demography story into one that is 5yrs from tfr of less than 3.
Kenya had world highest pop growth most of 70s and 80s - with tfr of 8 - and now it's 3.1
Nigeria south is generally okay - the north is the problem.
The south need electricity - and it will take off with kenya - they are generally well educated from private initiative.
The thing with development or anything - it appears very hard - until you finally tick all the boxes and fly.
There is always that one or two missing things - before kabooom!
India for most people was paradox - it had everything - democracy, cheap labour, education, name it - but something was missing.
Finally, India have found the missing thing - and they are cruising.
Nigeria has to understand their stage of development - the north is basically a mess and it's very populated.
They should avoid copying or hoping to skips many years of hardwork.
No way Nigeria can develop with TFR of 5-6. No way.

A country is like a plane taking off - before take off - you burn lots of fuel - nothing seem to move - until you vrooooooooom and fly to 40,000 feet and put autopilot - and cruise.

I don't know why you guys keep pushing this agenda that population growth is a bad thing. Why are you scared?

Mkenya2019:
I agree with most of your arguments.
Indian is now at economic takeoff stage - this where economy accelerate and transform rapidly from agri to industrial proper middle class
So are Bangladesh and Veitnam.
Kenya will likely get there in 2030..it going to be one few SSA countries to take off early.
Nigeria and rest will take off in 2050.
Ghana almost tick all the boxes except for their stupid gov that keeps mismanaging the macro-economics.
And I agree first thing a country should do is to control population.
Kenya is great example of an africa country who turned hopeless demography story into one that is 5yrs from tfr of less than 3.
Kenya had world highest pop growth most of 70s and 80s - with tfr of 8 - and now it's 3.1
Nigeria south is generally okay - the north is the problem.
The south need electricity - and it will take off with kenya - they are generally well educated from private initiative.
The thing with development or anything - it appears very hard - until you finally tick all the boxes and fly.
There is always that one or two missing things - before kabooom!
India for most people was paradox - it had everything - democracy, cheap labour, education, name it - but something was missing.
Finally, India have found the missing thing - and they are cruising.
Nigeria has to understand their stage of development - the north is basically a mess and it's very populated.
They should avoid copying or hoping to skips many years of hardwork.
No way Nigeria can develop with TFR of 5-6. No way.

A country is like a plane taking off - before take off - you burn lots of fuel - nothing seem to move - until you vrooooooooom and fly to 40,000 feet and put autopilot - and cruise.

You want your economy to take off without a dose of protectionism, keeping dreaming dreamer.

Maybe you should figure out how to pay for food and fuel first before fuel 2030.

QuietMynd:
Nd na everybody go school like you na

It is not to sit somewhere and whine about the policy saying it was a disaster and is impossible to implement.

People made it about politics which shaped the narrative making people expect Emefiele to provide cash after the elections when it wasn't about that in the first place.

Did they do enough to make people understand? IMO no.

The politicians were the loudest unfortunately so i don't really blame anybody

Goel:
Both Indian and Nigerian citizens are hardworking and put in work. We are at different stages of industrialization and economic development, and geographical realities.

The solution to Indian problems never lies in the west, the solution to Nigerian problems doesn't lie in Indian methods. Nigeria's problems are Nigeria-specific and should be solved in the Nigerian way.

In my opinion, Nigeria first should cap its population and try to pull out tribal populations into the mainstream. And then should stream into stepped industrialization just like all major economies today which followed all 4 industrial revolutions at different timings.

If you see a model that could be applicable in your context then there's no reason why it can't be modified to fit your peculiarities, a lot of countries adopted China's FTZ model and are better for it today

upNo, the rise of the Indian economy was about shifting from agriculture to industries and services and boosting overall income. There is no comparison of India outside Asia.

Nigeria has the largest population and economy on the African continent with a very high level of unemployment, the implementation Of this policy would create millions of service sector jobs, formalize the economy, and provide the CBN the ability to be able to implement fiscal and monetary policy more efficiently. It ensures MSMEs have access to credit giving them the ability to create even more jobs.

Payments digitization was a lubricant in that growth engine and not the engine itself. Formalization is a requirement for a soon-to-be upper-middle country like India which wants to be a developed country in 2047.

Every informal economy needs to be formalized as a matter of necessity as the fiscal deficit continues to expand. Payment digitization would expand the tax net ensuring more revenue for the state without having to increase taxes on the already overtaxed minority.

LordAdam16:
My understanding of MENA geopolitics is quite light. I don't find it globally impactful so I only perform perfunctory skimming as opposed to the deep dives I'll conduct for North American, Eurasian, and East/SE Asian geopolitics.



I should preface by saying Abuja's foreign policy is dysfunctional and long-term calculations seem to be disappointingly tame and a lot of times unresolved.

The NMGP is a fall back option pushed as a more likely alternative to the Trans Saharan pipeline that should have gone through Niger to Algeria. That was first proposed in the 70s. It's pretty much dead now because of the insurgency.

The NMGP will be more expensive both to construct and to operate (all 11 countries will take a cut in transit fees) and we'll lose flexibility on the SADR question.

On SADR, geopolitical headwinds favor Morocco and I think all Abuja can reasonably hope for is to extract pricey concessions from Rabat. This is deeply unfair to the Sahrawis, but the Western Sahara is economically destitute. I'm hesitant to make a definitive statement on how quickly we make the pivot (if ever) because as I said our geopolitics is dysfunctional.



IMHO, any such grouping that is billed to be a heavyweight in piloting African affairs is a non-starter without Egypt. Of course, we could expand it later to a G6 by adding Egypt and Kenya, but then you'd have to deal with the Algeria conundrum because they shouldn't have a seat at the table.

That's another symptom of our dysfunctional foreign policy because we did not need to give our stamp of approval. Even though we're more aligned with Algeria on most issues than its NA neighbors, it is not a peer. We should have been more circumspect by strengthening bilateral ties instead.



Yes.

But it requires Nigeria to be a far more formidable power with long-term strategic thinking and a preponderance of MENA, American and European responsibilities than we are willing or able to shoulder in the next two decades.

To put this in persepctive, the Gibraltar crossing that has been on ice since 1979 seems to have been dusted up last month. Sure, a freeze can happen again; but you can imagine the economic benefits of an economic common area with a land bridge to Iberia. Morocco will benefit most, but if we ever have plans of punching above our weight globally, that is as low a hanging fruit as we'll get.



Mauritania will be dragged back in whether they like it or not if we resolve the Morocco situation.

That's the whole point of soft power. Mauritania is an economic backwater that can be coerced with a few carrots.



I deliberately avoid the Central African quandary because it is revolting.

It does appear to me though that ECOWAS is exhausted with the ECCAS and with the recent uptick in instability within the ECOWAS, there's even lower bandwidth for the hellscape that is Central Africa.

Which sucks because Nigeria NEEDS a direct link to the Eastern regional powers. Currently, that only seems feasible through direct, bloody intervention. No one in Abuja has the appetite for that.

The pillar of excellent geopolitics is a dependable economic and sociocultural backbone on the home front. Nigeria is yet to crack it. So we're pretty much limited to "statement geopolitics" where we keep issuing statements and attending summits without any tangible impact. Which makes it personally unrewarding to keep up with the intrigues.

-Lord

I really appreciate your insights, thank you very much!🤠

LordAdam16:
That entire Morocco-ECOWAS fiasco was a geopolitical red herring.

Morocco is always on the lookout for opportunities to court international political capital for its claims in Western Sahara.

Nigeria rebuffed that advance because it'll get us entangled in sh*tty Middle Eastern politics. We have enough problems with Islamists to choose a side. Algeria, Iran, Qatar, and certain pacts in Egypt and the UAE would have made giving Morocco's claims legitimacy a very painful decision for us.

Like Oman, they're the outcasts of the Ummah. Historically, they've pursued unilateral moves because of deep suspicion of other forces in the Levant.

The development in Morocco is mostly to pacify citizens because the Monarchy has very powerful geopolitical foes. It is on that basis that they can't offer Nigeria the same visa privileges they extend to some West African states, lest our Islamists be used by Middle Eastern funders to destabilize Western Sahara and the ruling house's hold on power.

I like the Amazighs tho'. Proud, fascinating, fiercely independent, and politically deft people.

-Lord

wow! you seem to know a lot about MENA. I'd like to some questions I'd love to hear your thoughts what are your thoughts on SADR.

Nigeria has an ambassador accredited with that country. In light of the NMGP do you think Abuja's Geopolitical calculations would change?

What do you think about AP&SC's G4?

Is there any chance for Morrocco in the ECOWAS?

Would Mauritania ever consider rejoining?

What is ECOWAS' relationship with ECCAS like?

What is Nigeria's interest in the DRC in light of the recent escalation of hostilities?

I'm sorry I have plenty of questions I just feel very fortunate to come across someone that shares the same interests

Obaaderemi2:
Look, brother, before Buhari came to power we had several electronic payment systems. As far back as 1999- that's more than 20years back- we had valuecard with which you could pay for goods without using cash. Then came the POS devices and ATMs and ussd and banking apps transfers- all before Buhari. Nigeria was already on the way towards building a robust cashless economy. Not absolutely cashless though- but we were coming up. In Africa, Even before the daft Buhari came with his harebrained demonitizatiion policy, we had Africa's biggest cashless transaction volume at least in terms of numbers.

So we didn't need a military style Policy to drive our ascendancy towards building a cashless economy. What Buhari brought was total chaos. And #10,000 in your account is no longer the same as #10,000 cash at least until the reemergence of the old notes. If you had #10,000 in your account, the bank would tell you they didn't have the new naira notes. You had to queue to have access to that money wasting precious time and at the end of the day you would be lucky to get #5000. If you bought stuff at a supermarket and tried to pay online, there's absolutely no certainty your transaction would be completed. There's no meaningful gain in the demonetization policy as practised by Buhari.

If you have a debit card like me you wouldn't have any payment problems, that's how I paid for my stuff. I never queued even one day, I paid through my card, online transfer, or USSD to vendors using MoMo wallet in my area.

The only thing I need cash for was transportation which understandably is cash-based apart from that I did not need cash for anything.

40% of Nigerians are unbanked and do not have a BVN but if they have a phone and a sim they could conduct transactions without any problem using any of their preferred PSB.

We didn't let the policy work it's as simple as that.

Obaaderemi2:
Even a baby should know this.

The E-naira is a CBDC, that's totally different from the mobile payment systems already advanced in the country, if the transition was allowed to happen people would still get the value for their money.
N10k in your bank account is still the same as N10k cash.

The telcos are already onboarded and can facilitate payments now.

That wasn't the case a year ago as the Banks were vehemently against it. So we could have had an M-Pesa situation but bigger.

They are even works In the pipeline to introduce NIBSS a national payment system to compete with Verve, Mastercard, and Visa

https://guardian.ng/business-services/cbn-nibss-unveil-afrigo-nigerias-first-national-payment-card/

These things are in the advanced stages of planning.

The CBN had a lot to learn from India our market is very similar to theirs there is a model for us to follow if this policy has had positive impacts on India then why not here?

rvp2018:
My understanding is simple - you think frustrating people by limiting available cash will force them to use electronic means - and that is short-term pain for a long-term gain.

Nigeria now has a big problem - soon old notes and new notes will create total confusion.

Exactos! The Supreme court should have no business in deciding monetary policy.

QuietMynd:
U have no idea wat u re talking about boy.

Lol

rvp2018:
India was not about robing people to deal with inflation (funny concept)
It was hastening what has been happening in kenya for example.
Remove Notes and Coins - replace them with electronic movement - for crime, corruption, money laundering - tracking and faster trade.

Nigeria aim should have been to receive all the genuine naira back and return back all new notes.

READ TO COMPREHEND stopping rushing to reply me like an aimless chicken

rvp2018:
You're writting lots of nonsense.
Fintech money is BACKED BY REAL money.
When you send 1,000 naira electronically to someone - you bank MUST have that 1,000 Naira in their vault - just incase one wants to withdraw cash.
Kenya pioneered mobile money - and it usage is very high - yet there is still space for cash, cheques, bank transfer.
What has changed - cash in circulation has failed to grow - but banks still need to keep hard cold cash - for every digital currency.

Unless you're rolling e-naira - a virtual currency - totally different concept

What you've done is to simply rob Nigerians their hard earned money

I have come to realize that this convo is pointless since comprehension eludes you. have a nice day and Cheers!

Goel:
Event: Modi announced in evening at 8 PM that Ruppee 1000 & 2000 banknotes aren't a legal tender anymore and gave time to citizens till 31st December for changing it through banks. It was a part of PM Modi's program against corruption (find out accumulated cash money by hoarders), countering fake Indian currency used by India's neighbors and pushing for cashless economy where everything happens online. People of India weren't upto it


Shopkeepers immediately stopped accepting that currency from buyers which led to catastrophe and long queues outside banks. Due to short supplies, banks only started to give Rs. 4000 cash at once due to supply problems. Faith of most hardcore Modi supporters was shaken in him.

Within next two years, Indian government ran digital India to provide more & more internet, planned Jan Dhan for more & more bank accounts for people in remote areas and developed an advanced online payments system called Unified Payments Interface (UPI).

People started to switch to more online transactions, share of cash dropped greatly in India's economy and gradually became world's largest country in terms of cashless trades. Till 2018, economy had completely recovered from 2016 shocks and industrialisation in country had begun amid boycott China movement around world which gave Modi a bigger election victory in 2019 than he had in 2014.

Corona era further encouraged cashless system, government gradually introduced from essential documents to COVID certificates and things online.

Basically, this was seen bad when happened but now Modi proudly boasts his strong decisions due back to back success. People don't care about it anymore as Modi's new promises are more about competition with Western world, China and Russia in terms of military power, economy, and technology. India due to its massive size inevitably will become a superpower one day, will be stronger every year and Modi will get more and more votes in name of it.

Look at what Goel said the other day, India was able to get on with it.

Today they have the most resilient economy in the world and are commissioning projects every other day.

Nigerians want to get to this level without putting in the work.

Na for here we go sleep.

rvp2018:
Kenya replaced old 1000 notes with new 1000 notes recently. All the money was return bar 7B (70M dollars) that maybe were stuck in diaspora. There was no chaos. The gov credited themselves that 70M dollars...and we moved on. They used 15B to print the new notes.

We had 290B old Notes - outside banking - 280B were returned and exchanged.

What you did is comical. Kenya was unneccesary because Uhuru thought Ruto had stashed billions underground for 2022 campaign so wanted to disabled him

The whole point of printing new notes was to get about N2trn worth of notes from people's homes back into the banking system.

in '21 about N1trn was released into the economy through the CBN policy of quantum easing.

This policy is, among other things a major cause of inflation today.

It was not solely about printing new notes, taking N2trn worth of cash did not mean cash confiscation, Old notes were deposited in the banks so Nigerians still had access to their money, I read somewhere this morning that cashless transactions for Feb. increased by a whopping 70%

I admit that the market was going through some shocks as policy implementation was sudden, but people were gradually adjusting to the reality and the market would have fully recovered in no time.

I have not seen N1000 notes in 2 weeks but I've spent over N30k since then, I have gone to the market twice since then, and vendors found ways to adjust, I made all payments through my phone.

The whole policy was about the Demonetization of the economy a policy that was on the cards since '11. I still stand my ground to say that I'm in support of the policy.

apart from the gains of formalizing the economy, it would also help with revenue generation to plug the deficit, with Nigeria's revenue-to-GDP ratio being less than 10%

It would also transform the economy into a credit-based one where small businesses would have access to credit. most Nigerians don't even know what a credit score is.

Hundreds of thousands of jobs created in the Fintech sector etc.

The pros are more than the cons, but short sighted people did everything to truncate the little progress we've made. Do you know how much we would have saved and how things could been different if the energy subsidies were removed in 2011? That's that moment playing out again today.,

Yes, Feb. economic data would have slowed but things would have picked up again in subsequent months if we stayed at it.

But I guess Nigerians want their Utopia without wanting to break a sweat for it, that's the country I live in.

rvp20182:
You're a nutjob. Nigeria messy naira re-design will further damage your economy. Countries try to fight inflation without slowing down the economy. What you've now in Nigeria is worse than inflation - it's now stagflation - inflation is high while economic growth is slow.

what an idiot! Tell me you don't know the meaning of demonetization without telling me you don't know the meaning of demonetization

GeneralDae:
I already knew what the CBN was up to from time, this is why I largely ignored the political conspiracy theories that arose. The problem now is: Why the terrible implementation?

Couldn't they have done it in a way that we didn't have to get to the point we are now whereby we are using naira to buy naira and other burdens it brought?

As I suggested before, PSBs could do a lot to ease the pressure on both the conventional banks and mobile banks by pushing for more involvement in the Informal segment of trade(Tips, roadside trade, bill payment) basically transactions below 5k.
This is their time to shine but unfortunately, they have failed woefully in their marketing strategy. They could help with easing the problems of payment in transportation particularly. It seems to me that after they all fought to get licenses, they went to sleep.

All a trader and a shopper need to complete a transaction is a torchlight phone and a Sim card you can open a mobile wallet to conduct your transactions without a BVN.
But I've observed that Fintechs like Opay are more talked about in this crisis than PSBs which I find very disappointing. They should do better.

I just thought about the economic consequences of quantitative easing that Central banks took as a response to the recession caused by COVID and how Central banks have been trying to manage the repercussion of that monetary policy. Inflation since then has been rampant largely attributed to excess market liquidity, global supply chain disruptions, and the Russia - Ukraine war.
The Federal reserve bank has opted for a conventional tool to curb inflation in the U.S., Increasing interest rates. This has caused major disruptions to the global economy from the scarcity of Fx in countries like Kenya to the chaos we just saw a couple of days ago in SVB.

Now I think CBN's method of managing the consequences of quantitative easing Is this cashless policy. Within 2 months, the CBN was able to successfully take ₦2trn worth of cash out of the economy slowing down inflation even with its unintended consequences to the economy, a little bit unconventional but very effective. The marginal rate hikes by the Fed would do nothing to slow down inflation at least not as quickly as they would like. Now they have to "invent" money to bail out SVB depositors to contain the situation.

But nobody knows what the consequences of the Supreme Court ruling would be. With a huge value of liquidity taken out of circulation, what would be the repercussions of a sudden release of liquidity back into the economy? What impact would it have on inflation? Wouldn't that amount to economic terrorism? Shouldn't National interest be prioritized? I suspect those questions to be answered in the coming weeks and months as I will be keenly watching events.

Mkenya2019:
Kenya is one of Africa most resilient economy. Worry about Ghana,Nigeria, Ethiopia, Burundi, South Sudan..some of whom have no forex or a week of them.kenya has 3.7 months of forex..with about 2 billion expected from syndicated loan and world bank. Kenya just ironed out a brilliant 4.8b dollars petrol deal with UAE.We also secured food import bill.Our forex problems are behind us.The drought is going to end with long rains expected.We don't have any power rationing because we use geothermal.

You keep borrowing more and more deeping the already pecarious situation you've found yourself.

Nigeria would attain energy soveignity by Q'4 23. With >$33bn worth of FX reserves.
https://www.legit.ng/business-economy/economy/1523320-cbn-nigerias-foreign-reserves-reduced-by-317m-february/

Nigeria has enough fuel in onshore and offshore storage with more coming on the way

https://nairametrics.com/2023/03/05/nnpc-says-it-has-2-1-billion-litres-of-petrol-in-storage/

Your country on the other hand is f*cked on short>mid>long macro and it's not going to get any better any time soon.

You are now begging Pakistanis for food and Emiratis for fuel. Credit ratings are junk so they'll be no white elephant projects to gloat about in 'Nairobi' for an awful long time.

How much power does Geothermal get you? Not much I think. Might be cool enough to show off to the greenies but wouldn't be enough to drive your economy which is already at the precipice.

I don't know why counties like yours are so obsessed with face value. The multilaterals would be quick to give you money to spend on frivolities only to see you default a couple of years down the line.

Generation after generation same script you never learn, I guess you're all too comfortable about being colonies.

Mkenya2019:
FT takes on the Zoo and mini zoo

Others have run out of options. Ghana’s central bank drained its reserves to support its currency for years. In December, the government abandoned these efforts and instead said it would no longer service its external debts, and launched a punitive restructuring of domestic debt. The cedi, which appreciated strongly in the run-up, has since lost half its dollar value.

Next may well be Nigeria, which has long had what analysts say is an unsustainable system of multiple exchange rates. A shift to a simpler system is expected to follow elections on February 25.

“Markets will definitely expect some change and if it doesn’t come, there will be more of the pressure we have seen for the past 12 months,” said Simon Quijano-Evans, chief economist at Gemcorp Capital Management.

Like Nigeria and Ghana, he said, other developing countries in Africa and beyond must make a clear separation between fiscal and monetary policy. Rather than relying on central banks to prop up their currencies or buy their debt, he said, governments should balance their books through fiscal reforms including taxation.

“This is not just for investors,” he said. “Local populations should be looking for this as the only way to get clarity and of making sure they are not hit by inflation or sudden devaluations.”
https://www.ft.com/content/fcec3adf-e31f-47d6-b846-d956dae17091

From what I've read so far, your country is in a major economic disaster. No Fx to cover food and fuel imports(basics) not to talk of Fx to pay your debts. bankruptcy is an understatement. at this point, I'm not even sure the IMF would want anything to do with you.

what the heck are your troops doing in the DRC? spending the little you've got on military adventurism. You'll need those boots at home to stem the tsuanami that's coming only a miracle would save Kenya.

Bloodofthelambo:
so obi was unwise to have gone to churches
But TINUBU was wise in picking another Muslim to rule a country that is equally divided between Christians and Muslims,
And even wiser when he rented fake Cassock wearing Bishops.

If any observes well, all tinubu supporters behave that queerly.

Always remember that people vote who they vote for different reasons. having a Christian
or Muslim in Aso rock has never provided food on my plate.

Nigerians have demonstrated that with the result of this election

it must be painful to lose an election you delusionally believed you will win after the 3 major opposition parties come from the same stock. they never stood a chance in the first place, claiming the election was rigged because your candidate didn't win is ridiculous. Obi ran his campaign on religious and ethnic rhetorics that was very unwise. Atiku's camp was fragmented from the beginning so it was already written in the sands that he would lose.

What you guys are just displaying here is the emotional hurt of losing when you believed that your candidate had all it took to win.

Obi's supporters are the most fanatical of the four even going as far as threatening fire and brimstone because their candidate lost.

even after claiming to have the most polling agents in the country in the run-up to the election after some political parties collapsed their structures for them.

Pat081:
I wonder if Japan 🇯🇵 knows what their flag means to Nigerian girls.🇳🇬😂 of these days pray tinubu should not b bad or worse than him but nothing good can come out of APC

please what does it mean o?😯

gallivant:

They can't help themselves.

😂😂

...and look how quickly this turned into another Ghana V Nigeria scuttle

Bonesbreaker:
which Nigeria its digging deep now any wise dude should think of smart tech hub to start am working on a free cash transfer for the pitty traders App soon.

Telcos are working on PSBs, that's going to be very big in the short-medium term.

It's also going to be a solution to the cash crunch issues

Goel:
Event: Modi announced in evening at 8 PM that Ruppee 1000 & 2000 banknotes aren't a legal tender anymore and gave time to citizens till 31st December for changing it through banks. It was a part of PM Modi's program against corruption (find out accumulated cash money by hoarders), countering fake Indian currency used by India's neighbors and pushing for cashless economy where everything happens online. People of India weren't upto it


Shopkeepers immediately stopped accepting that currency from buyers which led to catastrophe and long queues outside banks. Due to short supplies, banks only started to give Rs. 4000 cash at once due to supply problems. Faith of most hardcore Modi supporters was shaken in him.

Within next two years, Indian government ran digital India to provide more & more internet, planned Jan Dhan for more & more bank accounts for people in remote areas and developed an advanced online payments system called Unified Payments Interface (UPI).

People started to switch to more online transactions, share of cash dropped greatly in India's economy and gradually became world's largest country in terms of cashless trades. Till 2018, economy had completely recovered from 2016 shocks and industrialisation in country had begun amid boycott China movement around world which gave Modi a bigger election victory in 2019 than he had in 2014.

Corona era further encouraged cashless system, government gradually introduced from essential documents to COVID certificates and things online.

Basically, this was seen bad when happened but now Modi proudly boasts his strong decisions due back to back success. People don't care about it anymore as Modi's new promises are more about competition with Western world, China and Russia in terms of military power, economy, and technology. India due to its massive size inevitably will become a superpower one day, will be stronger every year and Modi will get more and more votes in name of it.

This is the future right here, if you're smart and want to be part of something, FINTECH trends should be what you should be looking at.

Obaaderemi2:
An Indian guy used to be on the other thread. He should be able to tell us what the experience was in India at the time. I'll try and dig up his moniker.

nemesis4u

Obaaderemi2:
An Indian guy used to be on the other thread. He should be able to tell us what the experience was in India at the time. I'll try and dig up his moniker.

Gov. Emefiele has been genius with this monetary policy thing sha, just that it's election season things like this would definitely get politicized

Obaaderemi2:
An Indian guy used to be on the other thread. He should be able to tell us what the experience was in India at the time. I'll try and dig up his moniker.

X

De ja vu:
https://www.africanews.com/2016/11/10/india-s-currency-swap-shock-leaves-huge-queues-outside-banks//


https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2016/11/10/india-industry-say-shock-currency-swap-painful-but-necessary/93580152/

https://www.cnbc.com/2017/03/02/post-demonetization-india-slowly-returning-to-normalcy-sbi-chair.html



https://businessday.ng/business-economy/article/nigerians-flock-to-opay-palmpay-others-amid-naira-crunch/

RIP Kikuyu1, you'll be sorely missed💔 Your depth of knowledge was incredible. Rest on Big man.