To GEJ and his "Stealing is not corruption" saTAN crew. I found an article for you dumbos to refresh your dead brains


Between Corruption and Development: The Political Economy of State Robbery in Nigeria by Daniel Egiegba Agbiboa

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Literature Review: What is Corruption?[/size]

The concept of corruption has been over-flogged in the academic circles. It has been studied by several scholars from the lenses of bureaucratic performance. Most of the work has been devoted primarily to the study of underdevelopment in the Third World. In one of the studies, Bayley (1966, p. 720) argues that ‘‘corruption, while being tied particularly to the act of bribery, is a general term covering
misuse of authority as a result of considerations of personal gain, which need not be monetary.’’ Here, corruption is linked directly to what can be called political ‘‘prostitution,’’ were the civil servant sells his public office to the highest bidder for personal gain. Benefits accruing to the office holder from such a transaction may be both pecuniary and nonpecuniary. [size=18pt]Werlin (1973, p. 73) for his part sees corruption as the ‘‘diversion of public resources to non-public purposes.’’ In this case, the office holder directly and illegally appropriates public resources for his own private use or that of his relatives.[/size] Balogun (2003, p. 129) states that there is corruption when ‘‘approved
codes or rules have been ignored to attain personal ends or manipulated to frustrate public intentions.’’ For Wilson (1968, p. 55), ‘‘corruption occurs whenever a person in exchange for some private advantage, acts other than as his [sic] duty requires.’’ Stark (1997, p. 108) insists that corruption involves ‘‘private gain from public office.’’ Transparency International (TI) has defined ‘‘corruption as the misuse of entrusted power for private benefits’’ (TI 2006).

Transparency International further differentiates between ‘‘according to the rule’’ corruption and ‘‘against the rule’’ corruption. Facilitation payments, where a bribe is paid to receive preferential treatment for something that the bribe receiver is require to do by law comprise the former. The latter, however, is a bribe paid to obtain services the bribe receiver is prohibited from providing (TI 2006).

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What do u expect from an ogogoro man. #GEJMUSTGO