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UK Air Strike In Syria: Eleven Questions Answered. by chrixus(m): 6:52pm On Nov 26, 2015 |
Prime Minister David Cameron has presented his case to
the Commons for the UK to bomb Islamic State (IS)
militants in Syria. He hopes to win MPs' support in a
parliamentary vote next week.
What's going on in Syria?
Syria has been embroiled in a bloody armed conflict for nearly
five years. More than 250,000 Syrians have been killed, and 11
million made homeless.
What started as pro-democracy Arab Spring protests in 2011
spiralled into a civil war between President Bashar al-Assad's
government forces and opposition supporters.
In the chaos, jihadist group Islamic State moved in over the
border from Iraq and claimed territory.
The US, Russia, France and other world powers have entered the
fray, adding to the already complex web.
Syria: The story of the conflict
What is the UK currently doing about it?
The UK has deployed air power to Iraq in the form of eight RAF
Tornado aircraft, which operate out of a British base in Cyprus.
The jets have carried out about 30% of coalition surveillance
missions, and under 5% of coalition air strikes in Iraq -
launching guided bombs or Brimstone missiles aimed at IS
targets.
Reaper drones, which are remotely piloted by RAF crews in the
UK, have also carried out surveillance and launched missiles
at IS targets in Iraq.
Parliament has not approved UK air raids in Syria - however
British pilots have been embedded with coalition air forces,
and two British jihadists in Syria were killed by an RAF drone
strike.
Why is the UK bombing Islamic State in Iraq, but not
Syria?
In 2013, MPs voted against possible UK military action against
President Assad's forces in Syria, after evidence chemical
weapons were used against civilians.
Just over a year later, MPs overwhelmingly approved UK air
strikes in Iraq - this time specifically against IS militants.
The influential Commons Foreign Affairs Committee warned
against extending bombing to Syria without a "coherent
international strategy".
David Cameron says it makes no sense to stop at a border IS
does not recognise. He has come up with a strategy for Syria to
try to build support among MPs ahead of a fresh vote.
Why does the UK want to extend operations to Syria?
David Cameron says IS poses a terror threat to British people,
and so the UK must strike "at the head of the snake" at IS
headquarters in Syria.
British precision weapons would greatly help the allies'
campaign, he says.
However, the Commons Foreign Affairs Select Committee says
the UK would only have a "marginal effect" on the conflict, and
risks "further reputational" damage unless it can make a clear
legal case for action.
Others, including Labour shadow chancellor John McDonnell,
have warned against repeating mistakes of the past in Iraq and
Libya, and questioned how bombing in Syria would prevent
attacks from home-grown terrorists.
What is David Cameron's plan?
David Cameron has set out what he thinks the UK should do
about the situation in Syria. It involves military, diplomatic and
humanitarian action.
He ruled out British "boots on the ground" - and insisted the RAF
had specialist bombing capabilities that were needed by its allies.
He argued there was strong legal justification on grounds of self-
defence and the recent UN Security Council resolution.
He also promised the UK would help deliver a government to
"represent all of the Syrian people" and plan for post-conflict
reconstruction.
What impact would British air strikes in Syria have?
A number of people, including the prime minister, have
conceded that air strikes alone are not enough to defeat Islamic
State.
Defence think tank, the Royal United Services Institute (Rusi),
has said IS will only be dislodged by "credible Arab ground
forces prepared to fight block by block" through urban centres.
Meanwhile the chief of the defence staff said while the UK
should support its allies with air strikes, playing any "decisive
role" could "add fuel to the radicalisation of Isis as an abhorrent
cult".
What are other countries doing?
To date, US aircraft have conducted nearly all of the air strikes
undertaken by the international coalition in Syria and Iraq.
However, others taking part in the US-led coalition include
France, Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, Australia, Saudi
Arabia, Jordan, Qatar and Bahrain.
Russia is not part of the US-led coalition. It claims to be targeting
IS strongholds - however, the US fears Russia is actually targeting
opponents of President Assad, who is a Russian ally.
Germany is not taking part in air strikes, but has said it will do
more.
iFrame
Where do political parties stand?
While the majority of Conservative MPs would support UK
military action in Syria, there are about 20 expected to oppose
it.
Labour is split. Leader Jeremy Corbyn is opposed to military
action, but about 20 to 30 of his MPs are thought to be in favour
- including members of his shadow cabinet.
The SNP remains "unconvinced" and wants to see clear UN legal
authorisation for air strikes. The Liberal Democrats have said
they are not yet persuaded.
The Greens, Plaid Cymru and UKIP are expected to vote against
extending air strikes to Syria. The DUP has indicated it could vote
in favour.
Syria bombing: Where UK parties stand
What is Islamic State?
IS is a notoriously violent Islamist group which controls large
parts of Syria and Iraq. It has declared its territory a caliphate - a
state governed in accordance with Islamic law - under its leader
Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi.
What does it want?
IS demands allegiance from all Muslims, rejects national borders
and seeks to expand its territory. It follows its own extreme
version of Sunni Islam and regards non-believers as deserving of
death.
How strong is IS?
IS projects a powerful image, partly through propaganda and
sheer brutality, and is the world's richest insurgent group. It has
about 30,000 fighters but is facing daily bombing by the US-led
multi-national coalition, which has vowed to destroy it.
Source: BBC |
Re: UK Air Strike In Syria: Eleven Questions Answered. by chrixus(m): 6:54pm On Nov 26, 2015 |
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