₦airaland Forum

There is nothing wrong with the job on offer. For starters, the pay is around 120k per month and which graduates are we referring to here? The ones that cannot even put together a simple and coherent sentence? I am sure that a lot of those screaming "blue murder" will perform woefully at the aptitude test. Besides, it is an academy which implies that not all will eventually end being drivers. Some people if successful will be become facilitators whilst other will fill other roles.

If people are complaining here, what about sales and distribution coys that give big vans to their employees who are 'graduates' by the way to distribute goods and services?

I think the word graduate has become overrated in Nigeria!

It is a pity that marriage as an institution has been bastardized within the African context. We have copied a lot from the 'West' and see where it has got us as a society! We see a lot of women flying the 'independent lady' flag whilst deep down in their hearts, they yearn for the presence of a man in their life. We also have scenarios where women have practically become full time bread winners in their family taking full responsibility for the upkeep in their family whilst men are mere transit vessels for raising a family. This is sad!

We need to look at our parents and how they have weathered the storm whilst they holding the institution of marriage in high esteem. I recall an uncle of mine who lost his job as a top executive during the last consolidation exercise in the Nigerian banking industry. This took its toil on him as most women don't know-men take pride in their jobs especially when they are successful at it. His wife supported him and played her role as a loving partner whilst according him full respect. Even his teenage kids didn't know about his predicament. He now a runs a successful private consultancy and holds his wife in high esteem 24/7! The question is how many would be ready to tow the path of painstaking sacrifice for their partners esp during trying periods?

I am not yet married, I wish I did before now. This is because though still young (in my late twenties) I have achieved quite a lot (in terms of relative financial stability and career growth- I was recently made a junior partner with a PE firm in NYC) hence it is quite difficult to meet one who is not intimidated or in awe.

Finally, I think it is in appropriate to put arguments on this thread along the lines of the topic referenced above. It will only create a huge divide at the end of the day. There are certain universal laws put in place by mother nature and anytime we try to alter these laws we pay dearly for it. For example, it is on record that a man should be the 'bread winner' in the house, this is why even from the time of hunting and gathering, men go out to hunt whilst women stay at home. Now, I am not advocating for women to sit at home in this age and era but trying to play the role of the bread winner because they have become "independent" or "career minded" will only make their men to become complacent. I think that the relationship between a man and a woman should be a symbiotic one where they both compliment one another. This is my final view on this matter but hey who am I to provide an opinion here after all, I have my own relationship issues and daily drama from my girlfriend to contend with!

May God help us!

I was at the album launch and a front liner too. No doubt it was a star studded event and convincing Dangote to attend is a good publicity stunt that paid off. Was the show a success? Well, I guess the answer to that is relative! I won't delve into this as I don't want to start another 'war of words' that will be drawn along ethnic or tribal lines on this thread.

Davido has every reason to maximize the opportunity availed to him now. His father is supposedly a 'billionaire' (not bearing in mind the fact that he is also one of the largest debtors owing our Nigerian banks billions yet unpaid and also partially responsible for the large wave of redundacies sweeping through the industry).

I think as far as music is concerned, it is too early to call Davido a 'superstar'. He has to prove himself to his teeming fans and show to critics too that he has what it takes and not because he is an "Omo Baba Olowo". The real stars if you ask me are the likes of tuface, M.I Jesse Jagz, Ice prince, dagrin (RIP) and a handful of other artistes that built their career from ground up. Those that had to work at odd jobs just to raise money for studio session. Those did shows for free just to build a fan base. Those that left their parents and siblings and moved to Lagos without any money or connections but just a "demotape and dream". Those that have evolved from being label artistes to label owners and built their fan base and empire from ground up( E.M.E, Loppy records, hypetek and square records just to mention a few!).

Davido's dad might be a "billionaire" and perhaps had a "star studded" album launch but I am not holding my breath!

!

I think that we will get to a point in this whole process where the basket full of certificates that we are all in a mad rush to acquire will no longer mean anything or add value. I will cite an example in this regard, the highly referenced ICAN examination has been watered down such that it no longer has any intrinsic value. We have scores of ACA holders roaming the streets and some working at roles where they are grossed under utilized. I mean how can you explain a ACA holder working as a teller or transaction analyst in a bank?

We are also to blame for this. Quite often I have seen people cross carpet from engineering to finance because they think that is where the big money is or people stacking one qualification on another like it is a game of dice with the hope that someday, somehow, they will be able to 'roll two straight sixes' with their array of certifications that in a true sense depict inconsistency. Take a look at our engineering sector- proliferated and occupied by expats and to be precise second rated expats who have come to Nigeria to be become stars. Same for the oil and gas and construction sectors, whilst our engineers are busy trying to become ACA qualified, CFA charter and MBA holders because they have been misled down the path of some grandiose delusion.

During my last visit to Nigeria, I was asked to sit on a panel saddled with the task of recruiting associates for a start up PE firm and was at first impressed with the array of qualifications brandished by the applicants. Some were even three times over qualified for the job specifications. Upon further scrutiny during the interview process, it dawned on me that only a handful were able to create a link between theory and practice. In retrospect, the fact that you have ACA,ACCA,CFA,GARP,MBA etc amounts to nothing if you don't have experience to back up your claim.

For me, I am almost at the tipping point where I will just take a look at the array of certificates,nod,sweep them aside and ask the essential question-what can you really offer besides the array of qualifications?

For the record, she didn't spend 800k on food and she does not spend 85k on food daily. The amount in question was a one off transaction where she had business lunch with four other foreign counterparts and the total amount spent is the 85k that NLders want to crucify her for. For those screaming blue murder, for Christ sake, she is a DG, do you expect her to be eating "gala and la casera" for lunch? I have gone on a business lunch in the USA where we spent over 1000 USD and over one hundred thousand naira on dinner at the Oriental Victoria Island for two high net worth potential investors from Malayasia. We are quick to crucify for such an inmaterial amount which is thoroughly accounted for by the way, yet we turn a blind eye to the rot in ministries, NASS and other federal agencies. May God help us or else we are doomed!

She has not done anything wrong. This is one of the reasons why we cannot move forward as a nation. The complacent people at Sec want business to continue as usual. I cannot believe that in this age and era, that the regulatory arm is still run like a moribund government agency where people wear slippers to the work place and carry files up and down. Information from the grapevine suggests that the bane of her woes was because she advocated for a complete overhaul of the IT infrastructure and was shocked when she discovered that firms that were favored during the bidding process were owned by existing directors and board members! She then used her executive powers to cancel the old bids and placed a request for fresh bids with very stringent conditions.

Apparently, the other directors and board members were not happy because she had denied them yet another opportunity to have their share of the national cake. She has not known peace since then.

Very soon, Mr "I am Dbanj" will release an album consisting of only animal sounds and we will all say it is a "club banger". We love to worship and celebrate mediocrity in all that we do. No wonder we have not made any considerable progress as a collective entity and country. The single is not in my opinion worthy of a "mixtape status". At this rate, it will take him five years to put together an album compilation. *SMH*

One would think that he would do things a little "differently" with all the noise he has been making and his talk about trying to be the best musician in the world/ signing with good music/def jam/ mercury music (I don't even know which record label that he belongs to now).

Well, the entertainment industry is all about controversy and the more you have, the higher your chances of longevity. I guess he is taking a cue for his new mentor- Kanye "Yezzy" West. I don't have telephatic powers but I would not be surprised if his highly anticipated "new single" isn't any different from what we have heard from him before. All the best!

The world of finance is synonymous with bad news. Whilst some are passing the bulk by positing their claim along the Phd vs CFA vs Ivy league MBA trajectory, Institutions like Barclays that survived what some describe as the greatest crisis of all time are arguably enmeshed in LIBOR crisis that questions the totality of what we define as "ethics or morality" in finance.

Maybe, the end of the world as we know it will be fueled by an "Economic/Financial Armageddon and not a 'Nuclear' one as envisaged.

May God help us all!

Davido's Dad is rich no doubt but how much is his networth? How much is he owing banks some of which have been liquidated or even nationalised?. There is no need to "hero worship" him just because he is a celebrity. Been a celebrity does not give him a license to misbehave or be above the law. If he found wanting then he should be dealt with accordingly. I can also see that a lot of people are still in the dark but let me make this clear "billionaire" father or not.......there are quite a handful of igbo traders at Alaba Intl whose networth is three-five times that of Davido's father despite his "billionaire status"......empty vessels make the most noise!

Human resource management is not a course that most employers would die for. This said, I would advise that you still include the NYSC experience on your CV and focus more on a consultant role in human resources. There are a lot of recruitment firms around the Lagos- PH axis that may need someone of your skill set. Additionally try and get some other certifications related to your field of study. Quite frankly there is a glut in the market due to the harsh economic climate. All the best.

Both banks are good. What you need to consider is your long term career plan and how the decision "to move or not" will influence your career direction in the long run. Information from the media indicates that the North is not an ideal place to stay at the moment. More disturbing is the fact that investors would probably flee these crisis prone areas hence if I were you, I would take the FBN option, if GTB is not ready to consider a relocation for you.


Career wise , Lagos is still the financial hub of Nigeria and indeed West Africa. Hence, moving to Lagos will surely broaden your horizon and provide you with more options. This decision could be at a risk though. However,if you are not married, now is the time to take such risks whilst weighing the options of the intended outcome. This is just my own take on this matter. All the best!

Definition of 'Tragedy Of The Commons'

An economic problem in which every individual tries to reap the greatest benefit from a given resource. As the demand for the resource overwhelms the supply, every individual who consumes an additional unit directly harms others who can no longer enjoy the benefits. Generally, the resource of interest is easily available to all individuals.

The tragedy of the commons occurs when individuals neglect the well-being of society (or the group) in the pursuit of personal gain. For example, if neighboring farmers increase the number of their own sheep living on a common block of land, eventually the land will become depleted and not be able to support the sheep, which is detrimental to all. A typical example in Nigeria is the construction of shops in every nook and cranny of Nigeria especially around the Lagos and Abuja axis.

(Culled from Investopedia)

We are all to blame for the crisis and I will say without doubt that we are in it for the long haul if we don't change our mindset. No doubt, "models" are good for forecast, sensitivity and scenario analysis purposes. My question is can they really quantify how far
a man's "avarice" will take him?


I recently watched the infamous video clip of "Mr Integrity" stuffing wads of dollar bills into his hat and at that very moment I asked myself certain questions? At what price? This is someone who has been in the house for 13 years and makes an estimated 1/4 of a billion naira in allowances per year and is rumored to be a favored candidate come 2015. Models are as good as the level of the avarice of the individual that develops them. It is this avarice that compelled Citibank to rack up billions of worthless credit swaps because the models predicted them to be a good investment, even when the crisis was at its peak.


No amount of qualification, quantitative modeling or certification will change this until we are able to control our level of greed. The irony is that man by default is selfish and the game of finance is a zero sum game. The billions have not disappeared as posited by one poster. It is just that some people have made a lot of money whilst some lost a great deal at the same time.

There are two possible reasons for the call from ARM. The first is that you have been invited for a chat in preparation for a new program that they are about to launch called the ARM Youth Talent Program (AYTP) . It is an internship program aimed at recruiting fresh talent pre and post NYSC for an intensive graduate development program. Check their careers website for more details.

Secondly, it could be possible that you have been considered for a non specialist role or sales role within the firm. Either way, the first stage in their recruitment exercise is a chat to assess your suitability for the job(I presume that this is what you are referring to as an interview). After this, every other step cited by T22 follows. Please prepare well, because their recruitment process is quite tough. All the best!

Definition of 'Private Investment in Public Equity - PIPE'

A private investment firm's, mutual fund's or other qualified investors' purchase of stock in a company at a discount to the current market value per share for the purpose of raising capital. There are two main types of PIPEs - traditional and structured. A traditional PIPE is one in which stock, either common or preferred, is issued at a set price to raise capital for the issuer. A structured PIPE, on the other hand, issues convertible debt (common or preferred shares).

This financing technique is popular due to the relative efficiency in time and cost of PIPEs, compared to more traditional forms of financing such as secondary offerings. In a PIPE offering there are less regulatory issues with the SEC and there is also no need for an expensive roadshow, lowering both the costs and time it takes to receive capital. PIPEs are great for small- to medium-sized public companies, which have a hard time accessing more traditional forms of equity financing.

(Culled from Investopedia)

@ moremi,I still repeat without trying to sound like a "broken record", that the PE terrain is not as bad as you connote. I also think that the comparison you are drawing with the "West" is flawed. PE is still very new in Nigeria whilst in the "West" PE transactions have been in existence for close to a century hence the "level playing ground" that would make your analogy credible is missing.

Additionally, there have been attempts to structure PE transactions in the past some of which didn't end well. ("Linkserve" deal comes to mind). However, a handful of firms are involved in some ground breaking transactions and have put in place some form of structure around their funds. For example, ARM Capital partners has the Infrastructure fund out of which they have drawn funds to invest in Lekki Concession Coy responsible for managing about 50 klm of road along the Lekki/Ajah axis for LASG. There is also the retail and hospitality fund out of which they have pooled resources for the construction of Four Points Sheraton, V.I and a host of other hospitality outlets under construction. There is the real estate fund managed by ARM properties and a TMT fund with investments in a handful of outdoor advertising firms. ACA also has something similar to this. I am not trying to hold sway for PE firms in Nigeria, because there is still plenty room for improvement, but I think that they deserve some commendation especially when we consider the larger marco- economic environment and policy inconsistency in Nigeria- a condition that is not prevalent in the "West". In terms of transaction value, I am not aware of any coy (except the Dangote group and a major telco) that has done any deal in excess of $1 billion. A lot of these deals are done in tranches hence you can have a PE firm investing first and foremost in a pioneer transaction and later increasing their holdings by way of more investments(e.g construction of malls, REITS etc) .

You speak of 30+ returns being a herculean task. Actis and ECP made 3 times ROI when they divested from Starcomms. Another PE firm wholly owned by a Nigerian made 4 times ROI when they divested from a major telco via a private placement. Same also from ABC transport. There are also some PIPE(private investment in a public entity) transactions that also yielded superlative returns especially during the IPO craze of 2006-2008. I can go on and on if not for "confidentiality" reasons.

Besides, I work with a bulge bracket PE firm here in the USA with HO in the Cayman islands and with SIGNIFICANT investments in tech start ups around Silicon valley. We have structured some deals in real estate, healthcare, entertainment esp. box office movies etc I can tell you that apart from healthcare,entertainment (which has a shorter gestation period by the way) and tech start ups, no other PE investment will guarantee you a 30+ ROI. Is it real estate where house prices keep falling everyday, or infrastructure that is supported via govt. concessions and tarrifs. Tech start ups will also have a hard time now especially with the recent bungling of the highly anticipated facebook IPO.
On a personal note, success has a relative definition. For some, it simply means having a regular 9-5 job that will offer them the comfort of a home, car, funds to send their kids to college, a modest retirement savings account (RSA) whilst they live their life "one step at a time". For others, success is defined in "Quantum Leap" terms where life is lived on the edge. I think, that I know what my definition of success is and I am certain that it is not based on another person's yardstick. BEST OF LUCK to you however you wish to define your "SUCCESS"

P.S The thread is not about PE investments in West vs. PE in Nigeria. It is just to educate and create awareness. Please let's take note of this.

@ moremi, you are quite correct, the PE industry in Nigeria is plagued with many teething issues some of which you have elaborated in your post. However, it is not all "gloom and doom" as you have put it. Most of the foreign PE firms now understand that they cannot structure PE transactions as obtained in the US/West and quite a number of them have picked up steep learning points from some of their botched deals.

This said, there are some deals worthy of mention in the TMT sector, real estate, infrastructure,F.I, healthcare and recently retail and hospitality. Additionally, one of the majors risks faced by these firms is "currency risk" especially those that have foreign partners or have raised funds from abroad.

I presume you are also based abroad so I will suggest that do a little bit of research like me. I recently came across an individual in NY who was on holiday and who works for a LLP that handles all of Dangote's PE transactions (Nascon, Dangsugar, Dangcem just to mention a few) I initially thought he was just "dropping names" until I visited their office somewhere in a very quiet part of Ikoyi. I cannot say more at this point.

The only way out of this mess is the outright removal of subsidy. No doubt, those in power have abused the whole process just as they are abusing other efforts put in place to revamp our ailing economy. We are the "architects of our own misfortune". The whole subsidy scheme is a sham! Where we have marketers that pass off "SEA WATER" as fuel and use this to collect billions of naira. It only enriches a few.

I don't hold sway for the duo of Otedola or Lawan Faruk because the former is one of the reasons why our power sector is in a comatose state whilst the latter is a corrupt politician. More so, the recent events show that the whole "subsidy report" is flawed. What is more disturbing is the fact that other major marketers are now coming out of the closet with bribery allegations. It is estimated that the subsidy committee collected about 11 BILLION NAIRA to doctor the report.

For those blaming GEJ, he cannot do anything without the approval of the NASS and we can see yet again that they are just a corrupt lot out to enrich themselves. We yet ignore all these and attack ourselves along tribal, ethnic and religious lines whilst the future or our children born and unborn is mortgaged by a few individuals. God bless Nigeria.

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Definition of 'Discounted Cash Flow - DCF'

A valuation method used to estimate the attractiveness of an investment opportunity. Discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis uses future free cash flow projections and discounts them (most often using the weighted average cost of capital) to arrive at a present value, which is used to evaluate the potential for investment. If the value arrived at through DCF analysis is higher than the current cost of the investment, the opportunity may be a good one.


In finance, discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis is a method of valuing a project, company, or asset using the concepts of the time value of money. All future cash flows are estimated and discounted to give their present values (PVs) — the sum of all future cash flows, both incoming and outgoing, is the net present value (NPV), which is taken as the value or price of the cash flows in question.

Using DCF analysis to compute the NPV takes as input cash flows and a discount rate and gives as output a price; the opposite process — taking cash flows and a price and inferring a discount rate, is called the yield.

Discounted cash flow analysis is widely used in investment finance, real estate development, and corporate financial management.

Culled from Wiki and Investopedia

The song is just average. Like one poster posited......2 out of 5 stars! One would actually think that Dbanj would be churning out nice songs now especially after he had made so much noise about going "International" etc.

Well, maybe I am wrong, maybe he has other songs lined up for his "international audience", maybe I am just be biased ........well maybe! One thing I know for sure though, this song will not be on my ipod. All the best Dbanj.

What is Depreciation?
Depreciation is the process by which a company allocates an asset's cost over the duration of its useful life. Each time a company prepares its financial statements, it records a depreciation expense to allocate a portion of the cost of the buildings, machines or equipment it has purchased to the current fiscal year. The purpose of recording depreciation as an expense is to spread the initial price of the asset over its useful life. For intangible assets - such as brands and intellectual property - this process of allocating costs over time is called amortization. For natural resources - such as minerals, timber and oil reserves - it's called depletion

(Culled from Investopedia)

@ disguy, your advice is spot on. In addition to this try and learn a second language maybe french or spanish to elementary proficiency level.

Bullocks! If he took the bribe to expose the corrupt marketers, why did it take him seven weeks to bring the money out as evidence? Why did he deny the allegation vehemently when the speaker House of rep Hon. Tanbuwal confronted him and he later accepted mildly after watching the ill fated video footage?

It is on record that Zenon deals with diesel which is not subsidized. So who is fooling who? There are records and call logs of several conversations that he has with Femi Otedola also submitted as evidence which implicate him in the whole issue. More so, the operation was carried out by SSS operative, and yet the SSS chief has claimed "ignorance" of the whole sting. Yet again, Nigeria is back at "square one" whilst we are busy tearing ourselves down and taking sides blindly along ethnic and tribal lines!

I am not holding sway for both parties because quite frankly, I think that we would be better off if both of them and their cohorts fade into oblivion but personally, I believe that there is a bigger picture and hidden motive in the whole fiasco. Let's watch as the events unfold. God bless Nigeria.

If this posted herein is all that there is to your friend's predicament and there are no parts or pieces of information left out, then I would suggest that he defer his study for a year, work with the OND to raise funds and continue. More so, if his grades are good he can apply for a grant. I read somewhere on this forum that there are NGOs that offer such to financially disadvantaged students.

@chikaliki, I really appreciate your efforts at motivating the poster. However, there are some certain facts that you need to consider. This is not a "Nollywood" script or movie where fairy tales happen. This is not a church service where the pastor will come preach a "prosperity message" filled with grandiose promises of a better tomorrow nor a motivational seminar where the speaker or facilitator provides a "one off" scenario and expects it to be applicable to all and sundry. This is the poster's FUTURE under review and in the long haul. So offering a "one cap fits all approach" with fairy tales promises is not doing the poster any justice. Our views might be harsh but please let's give them with a sincerity of purpose in mind.

For the poster, I empathize with your predicament. A 2.2 in this present economic climate is not the best grade that I would recommend for an undergrad. However, all hope is not lost. Your line of study is still a lucrative one despite the downturn. There are certain questions I want to ask you.

Which companies are you applying to and what is your method of application? Is it online or submission of hard copies of your resume?

I want to assume that you are in Kano and quite frankly you might need to consider a relocation in the near term to a more favorable location if you want to maximize and expand your job hunting prospects.

Also what about your resume? As cited earlier, a 2.2 is a minor setback but quite often, a well structured resume can give you an edge over other in the labour market. What about your resume? Does it tell a story, will it make you stand out of the pile amongst others applying for the same job openings?

ICAN, 2.2, engineering or not, I am afraid that you might end up back at "square one" if you don't get the fundamentals correct. More so, it will take you about three years to have the "ACA" designation, provided you pass all levels at one sitting. What will you be doing before then? Will you wait till you pass all levels and hope that it will provide a "leeway" and automatically open doors for you in the job market bearing in mind, the fact that the odds will be more against you then in terms of age, long periods of un-employement or lack of related experience? The truth is there is a serious glut in the market. There are young graduates under the ages of 23-24 with stellar grades, foreign MSc qualifications and even ACA/ACCA designations yet without meaningful jobs or no jobs at all!

You really need to think through your actions so long as they are about your long term career commitments so that you don't take decisions that you might regret in the future. I will suggest you explore opportunities related to your course of study and take it from there.

However, if you still decide to take the ICAN route, google ICAN Nigeria and this should provide you with access to the information you seek. May God open our eyes of understanding.

I am happy that some of us are gradually waking up from our delusional sleep. A citadel of higher learning or ivory tower should be so not just in name only. We are all part of the problem. We have some professors who are so chauvinistic and don't groom any protégés thus ending up with appalling titles like "the only professor of this and that in West Africa" etc. What is even more annoying is the fact that a lot of us regard and hold such titles in high esteem.

Parents that also assist their ward during exams are also to blame. So of us ask why most firms now prefer to recruit directly from abroad or have a preference for foreign degrees. I guess the answer to this is not far fetched.

Our Universities also need to drop this "freebie" mentality and stop depending on handouts from the government. Most schools in the West don't depend states to fund them. Some work in collaboration with coys to invent new ideas, products and services. For example, the idea for " Google Analytics" was developed in the labs of a university here in the US and Google paid a mind crippling sum for the idea, in addition to yearly royalty for its patent rights!

I know of a family friend who finished with a first from a Fed University in Nigeria and decided to pursue a career in academia. The poor chap spent almost 7 years chasing an elusive Phd qualification under the supervision of a prof. He later got funding from the world bank and proceeded to canada. His topic which was deemed "un researchable" by his surpervisor now has a $500,00 grant from the world bank. I can go on and on and on with my rantings because "talk is cheap" and we Nigerians are good at this. What we need now is a collective awakening and decisive action NOW. God bless Nigeria.

Thread deleted by original poster. There is already a similar one on this domain. Thank you

What do you need "ICAN" or "ACA" for, as a graduate of engineering? What is your area of specialism in engineering and what grade did you finish with? If you ask me, I will say that there are more chances for you in the haul, if you stick to your engineering course of study. There are more chances for you say in oil and gas, construction, telecomms, real estate, etc if you decide to concentrate on engineering. But bear in mind that this will also be subject to your post secondary school grade.

Quite frankly, ACA which is the designation for the ICAN qualification will not automatically "open doors" for you in the labour market. There is already a glut for people with this kind of skill set and many "ACAs" are not working at full potential or rarely make use of their qualification. Hence, it might end being another "qualification" in your kitty.

If you are still convinced that taking the ICAN route is the best alternative available then,all the answers that you seek except for one is available on the ICAN website. Just "google" it. You only will be able to decide if is it "possible for a graduate of engineering to pass ICAN".All the best!

It is on record that a lot of people have abused the free parking spaces because of the proximity of the mall to the main road. In most cases, people come in park their cars and embark on other tasks outside the premises of the mall. Some, even park in the morning and come back only in the evening. This attitude makes it difficult for genuine shoppers to get adequate parking space when they are around to shop. I have been to malls in the UK, USA (where I am based) and in some parts of Latin America and I paid parking fee on quite a number of occasions.

We need to drop this mentality of "Everything should be free because I am Nigerian". People don't pay their taxes yet they want to have access to facilities. We cannot eat our cake and have it.