₦airaland Forum

We need to pay attention to our health, cholesterol, diabetes, BP, BMI and others. Sudden death are caused by this things

Guy don't try to lie here, we have seen the video and it is clear who is at fault. Shame on the minister

Statsocial:
The person who built it is NOT a politician!

I am saying this because you can always anticipate Nigerian youths to be shouting upandan that it must be stolen money.

Oya the remaining haters over to you.

You feel money can only be stolen from politics. See your life

Bellemy not of Arsenal in Akwa Ibom LG political gathering. (Photo)

So our legal system has finally collapse till Na beg abi psyching Falana dey use on Buhari.
A clear case of face fear face.

They are legit

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Binary.com's remarkable history

2017
Initial Coin Offering (ICO)
Binary.com announces plans for an IPO on the blockchain.
Personal Wealth Awards 2017
Binary.com is awarded Best Binary Options Broker by the UK-based Online Personal Wealth Awards 2017, as voted by investors worldwide.
Binary.com launches Bitcoin accounts
Binary.com launches Bitcoin (BTC) accounts for non-EU customers.
2016
Binary KK granted Japan license
Binary's Japanese subsidiary Binary KK is licensed by the KLFB as a Type 1 Financial Instruments Business in Japan.
Kuala Lumpur Office
Binary.com opens an office in the QSentral office building in central Kuala Lumpur to further expand its IT development team.
Binary Bot released
Binary.com introduces an auto-trader programming tool, allowing clients to develop their own automated trading robots with “drag-and-drop” simplicity.
Binary.com Shop introduced
Binary.com launches an e-commerce site for branded merchandise – enabling clients, affiliates, and developers to buy and sell Binary.com products.
MENA FFXPO Award
Binary.com is honoured as the world's "Best Binary Options Broker" at the 16th annual MENA International Financial Conference and Exhibition, hosted in Dubai.
2015
EGR Operator Award
Binary.com takes home first prize in the Financial Betting Operator category at the prestigious 2015 EGR Operator Awards ceremony, hosted in London.
1 million transactions/day
Binary.com's systems are now processing in excess of 1 million transactions/day (including virtual accounts).
Binary granted Investment Services license
Binary's Maltese subsidiary Binary Investments (Europe) Ltd. is granted a Category 3 Investment Services license by the Malta Financial Services Authority.
Binary opens Japan office
Binary's Japanese subsidiary Binary KK opens an office in Tokyo and starts the process of applying for relevant licenses.
Binary.com reaches 1 million registered users
Binary.com hits 1 million users, reaching a historic milestone. The company continues to see exponential growth and this reconfirms its position as an industry leader.
Regent Pacific transaction
Regent Pacific Group Ltd., the Hong Kong-listed founding shareholder of Binary.com, disposes of its stake at a valuation of US$ 50.5 million.
2014
Binary.com reaches $2 billion turnover since starting in 1999
Binary.com has over 800,000 clients in its database and reaches the US$ 2 billion milestone in our 15th year, making us one of the leading binary options providers.
Regent Markets Group Ltd. renames to Binary Ltd.
Regent Markets Group Ltd. renames to Binary Ltd., harmonising company and website branding throughout the organisation.
Binary.com offers new ways to trade
Fifteen years on, and we're still innovating, growing and working on new ways to serve our customers better. For the first time, we offer short-term touch/no-touch trades and introduce a new charting application. We believe we have the most competitive and comprehensive digital options platform available to the retail public.
Binary.com continues to innovate and grow
Our customers clearly like us. In mid-2014, Binary.com has over 100 million historical transactions and over 130,000 new daily transactions.
2013
BetOnMarkets.com is successfully rebranded Binary.com
We rebrand BetOnMarkets.com as www.Binary.com. The rebranding is a natural evolution for the platform as it continues to grow market share in the highly competitive field of binary trading. The new brand reflects the nature of the business, and our new tagline - Sharp Prices, Smart Trading - communicates our ethos and commitment to our clients.
2012
BetOnMarkets.com reaches $1 billion turnover since starting in 1999
BetOnMarkets.com has over 400,000 clients in its database and reach the US$ 1 billion milestone in only our 13th year, making us one of the leading fixed-odds trading providers.
'Best Fixed-Odds Firm 2012' award by Global Banking and Finance Review
Another major award. This time we're nominated by the online readers of Global Banking and Finance Review and judged by a panel of industry experts and analysts who recognise our 13 years of platform reliability, range of trades, pricing, customer service and extensive knowledge.
BetOnMarkets.com increases payouts to 100,000 USD, EUR, GBP and AUD
Times are changing. We increase payouts so our clients can make the most of their winning trades.
2011
Regent Markets granted two new US patents
We're granted patents for 'Computer trading system and method for speculating on a financial market' and 'Computer trading system for offering custom financial market speculations'. The patents show our ability to innovate and stay ahead of the pack.
'Best Fixed-Odds Broker' silver award by Trade2Win
This is another award we really savour. Trade2win is a portal for active traders seeking to profit from stocks, futures, options and forex, and these traders award us silver (we are just pipped for gold by Betfair). It means active traders worldwide rate our trading platform extremely highly.
2009
'Best Fixed-Odds Financial Trading Provider' award by Shares Magazine UK
For the third straight year, BetOnMarkets.com is voted 'Best Fixed-Odds Financial Trading Provider' by Shares Magazine UK. It's the last time we win it because Shares Magazine stops awarding in this category.
'Financial Betting Operator of the Year' award by eGaming Review
A panel featuring industry leaders awards BetOnMarkets.com 'Financial Betting Operator of the Year' over two other finalists. It's a major victory for our brand and further recognition of our world-beating service. Ten years on, and going from strength to strength.
Regent Markets acquires BetsForTraders client base
Our fast organic growth is supplemented by the acquisition of the client base of BetsForTraders, one of our main competitors.
2008
'Best Fixed-Odds Financial Trading Provider' award by Shares Magazine UK
We do it again. BetOnMarkets.com follows up our 2007 award by being voted 'Best Fixed-Odds Financial Trading Provider' for 2008.
'Best Customer Communication Firm' award by Investors Chronicle
We're really proud of this award. We're strongly committed to offering an ethical and customer-focused trading experience, and the award shows that BetOnMarkets is a trusted brand that listens and caters to customers, whether they are experienced traders or novices. We offer customer services in English, Indonesian, Russian, Chinese and Spanish.
'Best Fixed-Odds Financial Provider' award by Financial Times and Investors Chronicle UK
This is big. We pick up a double award from the Financial Times and Investors Chronicle, reflecting our success in improving the quality and usability of our website and products.
2007
Regent Markets granted US patent for 'Betting system and method'
The patent means Regent Markets is the recognised pioneer of binary betting. The patent helps protect our innovations.
'Best Fixed-Odds Financial Trading Provider' award by Shares Magazine UK
Only five years after inception, we pick up this major award for our online trading services. The award recognises BetOnMarkets.com's reliable, fast and secure online trading for novice and expert traders. At this time, our website has received over 15 million trades.
2004
Regent Markets sets up a programming centre in Cyberjaya, Malaysia
It's time to expand. We set up a programming center in Cyberjaya - the Silicon Valley of Kuala Lumpur - to maintain and improve BetOnMarkets.com.
Regent Markets obtains a licence in the Isle of Man
Our company continues to thrive and obtains a license in the Isle of Man to better service our UK clients.
2000
BetOnMarkets goes live
In April, Betonmarkets.com (formerly known as Xodds.com) goes live, establishing a round-the-clock financial betting service on a variety of financial indices. Business grows quickly, and we soon become the market leader in fixed-odds financial betting.
Regent Markets files for patent, and registers BetOnMarkets trading name
Regent Markets files for a patent in March 2000 on the basis of our unique position as the sole serious competitor in the business of fixed-odds financial betting. In May, we register the trading name BetOnMarkets and move to Malta to receive an internet betting licence.
1999
Regent Markets receives funding to provide on-line financial betting services
In October 1999, Regent Markets receives US$ 2 million investment funding from Jim Mellon through his Regent Pacific Group, a Hong Kong based fund management company.
Regent Markets is founded by Jean-Yves Sireau
In classic Silicon Valley style, Hong Kong based hedge fund manager and entrepreneur, Jean-Yves Sireau, starts Regent Markets in his Hong Kong bedroom. He develops the systems, methods and algorithms for implementing a fixed-odds financial betting system. Jean-Yves's vision is to create a market in the simplest of all derivatives contracts - the fixed-odds bet - and to offer ordinary investors the chance to make small bets. Until his innovation, binary options are normally only traded in large quantities.

If you don't satisfy your wife sexually, some might not cheat on you but will lose interest during intercourse with you. Only downing to please you

Henitan24:
My vagina doesn't need to be cleaned up. It smells good already. Don't try to decorate. Don't believe him when he tells you it smells like rose petals when it's supposed to smell like pussy. Washing it thrice in a day with clean water is enough to give it its natural smell.

Can l smell it? Invite me am ready. From your profile picture Big cock in vagina already

Modelqwen:






my friend keep kwayet dia.
Everyone is striving to b relevant but ur own
no follow.


U aren't innocent of the act & it's one of
things u detest the most....
This babe is confused.

From your profile pics, l can see what dick has done to you

CEEcey:
I refuse to believe that some men can stoop so low to the extent of sleeping with a goat


Doctors in the house should please explain if this is scientifically right

I have seen video of Hause Fulani, pumping cow as if him wan burst the cow Vigny

Jengem:
http://www.herald.ng/dogara-donated-six-months-salary-to-covenant-university-oyedepo/

How will he feed his family if truly the depend on salary alone.

The national center for disease control NCDC says there's no ongoing vaccination anywhere in Nigeria against monkey pox. Advising that nobody should take such vaccine. They added that Nigerian army are doing their operation Python dance with free medical in south east.

Jaynom:
Freeze makes Alot of sense. People just don't like him

It's the Daddy GO children that don't like him for his stance on truth

Congrat to the legend

niqqaclaimz:
Morning guys

Did you get my email? I sms you
Send the link.

mhizesther:
Oh bless u sis
U really understand
It's not about the rod

From your profile pics, it's written all over you.

Why Buhari no address this matter?

Meaning Igbo blood was meant to shed whether Oct 1st or Sept 10th

Membership should be restructured

The two brothers have been going on well together until the wives came in

She could be a lesbian ooo. Doing only chicks and marrying for children production only.

IJOBA2:
THIS YOUR MAMMALIAN GLAND EHEN

As she small so, she carry big thing ooo

ikbnice:
BDSM means Bondage and Discipline, Dominance and Submission. A term used to generally classify a form of activity especially sexually involving consenting partners. A Dominant is the person who is in control of the activity (also called top) while submissive is recipient of the action (also called bottom). Whipping, handcuffs,tying, spanking etc can be applied as agreed by the partners. It is never termed punishment.
You can read more online

Make l go buy chain and horse whip now now. See waiting this world dey turn to

Self determination

This article is about self-determination in international law. For other uses, see Self-determination (disambiguation).
The right of people to self-determination is a cardinal principle in modern international law (commonly regarded as a jus cogens rule), binding, as such, on the United Nations as authoritative interpretation of the Charter's norms.[1][2] It states that a people, based on respect for the principle of equal rights and fair equality of opportunity, have the right to freely choose their sovereignty and international political status with no interference.[3]

The concept was first expressed in the 1860s, and spread rapidly thereafter.[4][5]

During and after World War I, the principle was encouraged by both Vladimir Lenin and United States President Woodrow Wilson.[4][5] Having announced his Fourteen Points on 8 January 1918, on 11 February 1918 Wilson stated: "National aspirations must be respected; people may now be dominated and governed only by their own consent. 'Self determination' is not a mere phrase; it is an imperative principle of action."[6]

During World War II, the principle was included in the Atlantic Charter, signed on 14 August 1941, by Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States, and Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, who pledged The Eight Principal points of the Charter.[7] The principle does not state how the decision is to be made, nor what the outcome should be, whether it be independence, federation, protection, some form of autonomy or full assimilation.[8] Neither does it state what the delimitation between peoples should be—nor what constitutes a people. There are conflicting definitions and legal criteria for determining which groups may legitimately claim the right to self-determination.[9]

By extension the term self-determination has come to mean the free choice of one's own acts without external compulsion.[10]

Contents
History Edit

Pre-20th century Edit
Origins Edit
The employment of imperialism, through the expansion of empires, and the concept of political sovereignty, as developed after the Treaty of Westphalia, also explain the emergence of self-determination during the modern era. During, and after, the Industrial Revolution many groups of people recognized their shared history, geography, language, and customs. Nationalism emerged as a uniting ideology not only between competing powers, but also for groups that felt subordinated or disenfranchised inside larger states; in this situation, self-determination can be seen as a reaction to imperialism. Such groups often pursued independence and sovereignty over territory, but sometimes a different sense of autonomy has been pursued or achieved.

Empires Edit
The world possessed several traditional, continental empires such as the Ottoman, Russian, Austrian/Habsburg, and the Qing Empire. Political scientists often define competition in Europe during the Modern Era as a balance of power struggle, which also induced various European states to pursue colonial empires, beginning with the Spanish and Portuguese, and later including the British, French, Dutch, and German. During the early 19th century, competition in Europe produced multiple wars, most notably the Napoleonic Wars. After this conflict, the British Empire became dominant and entered its "imperial century", while nationalism became a powerful political ideology in Europe.

Later, after the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, "New Imperialism" was unleashed with France and later Germany establishing colonies in Asia, the Pacific, and Africa. Japan also emerged as a new power. Multiple theaters of competition developed across the world:

Africa: multiple European states competed for colonies in the "Scramble for Africa";
Central Asia: Russia and Britain competed for domination in the "Great Game"
Eastern Asia: colonies and various spheres of influence were established, largely to the detriment of the Qing Empire.
The Ottoman Empire, Austrian Empire, Russian Empire, Qing Empire and the new Empire of Japan maintained themselves, often expanding or contracting at the expense of another empire. All ignored notions of self-determination for those governed.[11]

Rebellions and emergence of nationalism Edit
The revolt of New World British colonists in North America, during the mid-1770s, has been seen as the first assertion of the right of national and democratic self-determination, because of the explicit invocation of natural law, the natural rights of man, as well as the consent of, and sovereignty by, the people governed; these ideas were inspired particularly by John Locke's enlightened writings of the previous century. Thomas Jefferson further promoted the notion that the will of the people was supreme, especially through authorship of the United States Declaration of Independence which inspired Europeans throughout the 19th century.[9] The French Revolution was motivated similarly and legitimatized the ideas of self-determination on that Old World continent.[12][13]

Within the New World during the early 19th century, most of the nations of Spanish America achieved independence from Spain. The United States supported that status, as policy in the hemisphere relative to European colonialism, with the Monroe Doctrine. The American public, organized associated groups, and Congressional resolutions, often supported such movements, particularly the Greek War of Independence (1821–29) and the demands of Hungarian revolutionaries in 1848. Such support, however, never became official government policy, due to balancing of other national interests. After the American Civil War and with increasing capability, the United States government did not accept self-determination as a basis during its Purchase of Alaska and attempted purchase of the West Indian islands of Saint Thomas and Saint John in the 1860s, or its growing influence in the Hawaiian Islands, that led to annexation in 1898. With its victory in the Spanish–American War in 1899 and its growing stature in the world, the United States supported annexation of the former Spanish colonies of Guam, Puerto Rico and the Philippines, without the consent of their peoples, and it retained "quasi-suzerainty" over Cuba, as well.[9]

Nationalist sentiments emerged inside the traditional empires including: Pan-Slavism in Russia; Ottomanism, Kemalist ideology and Arab nationalism in the Ottoman Empire; State Shintoism and Japanese identity in Japan; and Han identity in juxtaposition to the Manchurian ruling class in China. Meanwhile, in Europe itself there was a rise of nationalism, with nations such as Greece, Hungary, Poland and Bulgaria seeking or winning their independence.

Karl Marx supported such nationalism, believing it might be a "prior condition" to social reform and international alliances.[14] In 1914 Vladimir Lenin wrote: "[It] would be wrong to interpret the right to self-determination as meaning anything but the right to existence as a separate state."[15]

World Wars I and II Edit
Europe, Asia and Africa Edit

The Unrepresented Nations and People Organization (UNPO) is an international, nonviolent and democratic membership organisation. Its Members are indigenous peoples, minorities, unrecognised States and occupied territories that have joined together to defend their political, social and cultural rights, to preserve their environments and to promote their right to self-determination.

Unrepresented nations and peoples are gaining visibility and in a recent interview with the American journal Congressional Quarterly Global Researcher, UNPO General Secretary Mr. Marino Busdachin, gave his impressions of the challenges and hazards now facing such groups in their campaign for greater recognition in global fora. An excerpt is reproduced here.
The Congressional Quarterly Global Researcher is a subscription journal which since 1945 has enjoyed a wide circulation among decision makers in Washington D.C. and beyond. As well as a core readership of United States Congressional members, it also counts many schools, universities and libraries amongst its subscribers.

Below is an excerpt from an extensive article in the April issue of Congressional Quarterly Global Researcher. To read the excerpt in Chinese please click here.

Though several international conventions reaffirm the right to self-determination, they also pledge to uphold the “principle of territorial integrity” – the right of existing states to prevent regions form seceding. “International law grows by practice,” says Thomas Grant, a senior fellow and legal scholar at the United States Institute of Peace (USIP), an independent institution established and funded by the U.S. Congress that tries to resolve international conflicts. “The legal situation adapts itself to the factual situation”.

Consequently, the international community’s response to de facto separatist states varies widely. For example, most of the world refuses to deal with the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which has been punished with an economic embargo since 1973, when Turkish troops invaded Cyprus and permanently occupied the north, creating a Turkish-dominated de facto state there. Somaliland – which established a de facto state in northwestern Somalia in 1991 after the government in Mogadishu collapsed – has been largely ignored by the world community despite being a relative beacon of stability in the otherwise unstable horn of Africa. […]

Meanwhile, the island nation of Taiwan, off the coast of mainland China, is accepted as a global trading partner – the United States alone has 140 trade agreements with the Taiwanese – but not as an independent country. Few countries are willing to challenge Beijing’s “one-China” policy, which denies any province the right to secede and sees Taiwan as its 23rd province […]

Marino Busdachin – general secretary of the Hague-based Unrepresented nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO), which represents 70 nonviolent movements pushing for self-determination – rails against the U.N. for not upholding that right. “Self-determination exists on papers only. It is a trap,” he says. “We cannot apply to anyone for it. The U.N. member states block us.” Moreover, he say, seeking self-determination should not be confused with demanding the right to secede. “Ninety percent of our members are not looking for independence,” he says. […]

Fixing Fragile States author [Seth] Kaplan believes separatism makes sense in a few cases, such as Kosovo and Somaliland. “But, generally, the international community is right to initially oppose separatism,” he says.

So when should a group have the right to secede? “When you are deprived of the right to participate in government, and there are serious violations of human rights, such as genocide,” says the USIP’s Grant. […]

[Günter] Dauwen points out that the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) has condemned countries for not respecting the rights of ethnic minorities, but the EU doesn’t force its members to comply with those rulings. […]

Busdachin of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization says the EU “is helping to resolve separatist conflicts in many cases because it has the most advanced regime for protecting minorities.” For example, the EU has consistently pressured Turkey, which wants to join the union, to grant the Kurds the right to express their language and culture more freely. Such a move would quell some Kurds’ desire for full independence, he says, adding that he would like to see ASEAN, MERCOSUR and other regional organizations follow the EU model. […]

But independence does not always mean war. With a broadly homogenous population, its own currency, flag, army, government and airline, Somaliland is an example of how a people can effectively secede without causing chaos and violence. Somaliland’s isolation from the international community has not hindered its development – indeed it has helped, argues author Kaplan.

“The death of external involvement has kept foreign interference to a minimum while spurring self-reliance and self-belief,” he says. […]

In some cases – notably Quebec, Flanders, Wales and Scotland – separatist movements have not boiled over into violent conflict. In each, the central government granted some self-rule to the separatist region, preventing the situation from turning violent. In addition, the moments were able to argue their cases through elected political representatives in a functioning democratic system, which also reduces the likelihood of violence.

“When a country is too centralized and no-democratic, this produces separatist movements that can become violent…The responsibility is 50-50.” […]

Separatist and Self determination are they one and the same?
http://www.terrorism-research.com/groups/categories.php
Categories of Terrorist Groups

There are many different categories of terrorism and terrorist groups that are currently in use. These categories serve to differentiate terrorist organizations according to specific criteria, which are usually related to the field or specialty of whoever is selecting the categories. Also, some categories are simply labels appended arbitrarily or redundantly, often by the media. For example, every terrorist organization is by definition "radical", as terror tactics are not the norm for the mainstream of any group.

Separatist. Separatist groups are those with the goal of separation from existing entities through independence, political autonomy, or religious freedom or domination. The ideologies separatists subscribe to include social justice or equity, anti-imperialism, as well as the resistance to conquest or occupation by a foreign power.




Ethnocentric. Groups of this persuasion see race as the defining characteristic of a society, and therefore a basis of cohesion. There is usually the attitude that a particular group is superior because of their inherent racial characteristics.

Nationalistic. The loyalty and devotion to a nation, and the national consciousness derived from placing one nation's culture and interests above those of other nations or groups. This can find expression in the creation of a new nation, or in splitting away part of an existing state to join with another that shares the perceived "national" identity.

Revolutionary. Dedicated to the overthrow of an established order and replacing it with a new political or social structure. Although often associated with communist political ideologies, this is not always the case, and other political movements can advocate revolutionary methods to achieve their goals.

Political. Political ideologies are concerned with the structure and organization of the forms of government and communities. While observers outside terrorist organizations may stress differences in political ideology, the activities of groups that are diametrically opposed on the political spectrum are similar to each other in practice.

Religious. Religiously inspired terrorism is on the rise, with a forty-three percent increase of total international terror groups espousing religious motivation between 1980 and 1995. While Islamic terrorists and organizations have been the most active, and the greatest recent threat to the United States, all of the major world religions have extremists that have taken up violence to further their perceived religious goals. Religiously motivated terrorists see their objectives as holy writ, and therefore infallible and non-negotiable

Social. Often particular social policies or issues will be so contentious that they will incite extremist behavior and terrorism. Frequently this is referred to as "single issue" or "special interest" terrorism. Some issues that have produced terrorist activities in the United States and other countries include animal rights, abortion, ecology/environment, and minority rights.

Domestic. These terrorists are "home-grown" and operate within and against their home country. They are frequently tied to extreme social or political factions within a particular society, and focus their efforts specifically on their nation's socio-political arena.

International or Transnational. Often describing the support and operational reach of a group, these terms are often loosely defined, and can be applied to widely different capabilities. International groups typically operate in multiple countries, but retain a geographic focus for their activities. Hezbollah has cells worldwide, and has conducted operations in multiple countries, but is primarily concerned with events in Lebanon and Israel.

Transnational groups operate internationally, but are not tied to a particular country, or even region. Al Qaeda is transnational; being made up of many nationalities, having been based out of multiple countries simultaneously, and conducting operations throughout the world. Their objectives affect dozens of countries with differing political systems, religions, ethnic compositions, and national interests

Bari22:
confirm sir,

Those ones supporting Biafra are called iPod touts

They are illiterate, jobless and lazy

They think Biafra is the only solution to their unemployment

And they think the only way to get Biafra is through violence and hate speeches

They hate everyone including their people who don't support their ideology

Very soon they will start insulting u sir

wait and see

Me l am not Igbo but will like to know the true Igbos so I suggest a referendum to test this Rochas school of thought.

headhunter1:
I am igbo and i support and stand with ipob 100%
95% of igbos does
5% are the likes of Rochas, Igbokwe and all those bastard supporters of apc in igboland

useless people

Can we test this with a referendum?

Ajisebioyolaari:
My point is we are now living in the 21st century where struggles, secessions and protests must be carried out within the ambit of the law. Humans have evolved and therefore, we should quit acting like medieval beings or animals. Keep living in the 16th century.

What's the the right approach? Can you mention them. It will guide IPOB