₦airaland Forum

MaxInDHouse:
How many of Jesus' disciples drew out their swords?🥱


So using whips to correct your child means you are attacking the child shey?🥱

It's like i need to show everyone on this thread what is happening in China regarding this topic.🙂

Are you now saying it's ok for only one of them to be heavily armed? Then why did you say it is wrong when done by others?

Police in China are generally not armed. It does not mean they are never armed

MaxInDHouse:
Understanding or use of threat?🙂

Stop lying nah!
I've been to China several times the situation varies but whenever anyone is found guilty of embezzlement of public funds such a person is killed. So how do you think they are living by understanding if a criminal will be killed?
Isn't that clear that they are just afraid of being killed?🙂
True Christians don't use go with weapons so you failed i've told you several times that whenever you see anyone with weapons know that he or she can't be a Christian.

When Jesus was to be arrested his disciples attacked the soldiers with weapons
Jesus and his followers never ventured out without being heavily armed
Jesus himself attacked people physically in the temple with whips saying they turned his fatger's house into a market

So don't say what you dont know. It is like you were blindfolded when you went to China

MaxInDHouse:
The highlighted in red is what i'm correcting!

Instead say people created a seemingly peaceful and cooperative societies through the use of WEAPONS!🙂

As long as they carry weapons to threaten themselves in order to abide by the rules then the so called "peace" is still as a result of INTIMIDATION.

It simply means even though you are not contented with the rules you must be compelled through the use of WEAPONS.

Do you understand what i'm saying now?🙂

They achieved their peace and prosperity by understanding. In a place kike China the police don't carry weapons and your Bible teachings and beliefs can't take over the world even at gunpoint. Some people would rather die than believe nonsense. Your Christianity and it's twin Islam tried gunpoint persuasion severally it just didn't work.

Zagee:
Simple version:

"If you don't have money, don't invest in the Dangote Refinery"

Why all this noise for a proper defensive stock?! All this parararararara is to get it cheap. If you were not balling since "subsidy is gone" speech, don't buy! This stock is the kind of "lock-in" move. If you don't have money to tie down, let it be. There are 10001 options on the NGX. Retailers don't have what I call "wait-ability". You will buy at +10% on official trading day. As regards buying cheaper, oh well!

"Make una leave my Alhaji ooo" 😂

I now understand that how the money raised will be spent is also an issue. Is billions of dollars spent on expansion of refinery capacity money well spent? Money not well spent is money gone down the drain

Proof that Yoruba money was used to build Nigeria

As at 1955 the pattern of federal allocation sharing was such that the western state of Nigeria meaning the Southwest, Edo and Delta got 500,000 pounds and the North got over 4 million pounds while the East got over 3.5 million pounds. Is there another way such can be explained outside the fact that western Nigerian money was being used to finance the rest of the country?

In 1960, the budget of the West was 55 million pounds the East 12 million pounds and the North 7 million pounds

Now in 2026, non oil revenue has surpassed 75 percent of federal revenue after decades of a national wilderness experience of depending on oil money by up to over 90 percent of revenue and of the non oil revenue the country now has, the South West is bringing like 55 percent or more. I am yet to add what is being generated by Edo and Delta and if they are added, it will be easily seen that we are still in 1960 and 1955 in 2026 when the old west is compared to the old East and the old North in terms of bringing revenue to the center

Therefore if you are among those saying the money of other Nigerians built any part of Yoruba land or even any part of the old West, please stop saying so because it is far from the truth. It is infact the polar opposite of the truth.
The west got 500k when the North got over 4.5 million and the East over 3.5 million and that ratio was used not for a few years but for decades starting from 1914. People without large cities can't be easily taxed

The truth is that the old West in 2026 is still bleeding for Nigeria as it was in 1955 or even 1914, 1920 and etc

A sad truth is that the people taking this money from the west have their own money. The North is buying more cement than the South for instance and this shows they have disposable income more than the South. The East is oil rich too

Therefore remove from your argument the point that Nigeria built Lagos, Ibadan or Ilesa as a reason why those cities are owned by all Nigerians. They are owned by all Nigerians only for as long as Nigeria exists and all Nigerian cities are owned by all Nigerians in exactly the same way.

If there is any truth that needs to be said, it is the truth that some units of Nigeria are grossly underrepresented at the center in Nigeria and therefore grossly underfunded as a result and that reality is ongoing with nobody trying to address it. Another reality is that Nigeria since 1914 has been an 'Agbana' (money pit) for the Yoruba meaning investment with no returns but it is actually worse than that because it is bringing negative returns.

When will those actually being trampled upon in Nigeria start to complain as against those who think they are being trampled upon that are complaining? Will the 30 senators, hundreds of reps and many governors' salaries being owed the SW and the NW ever be reimbursed them? What about all the laws made by a lopsided national Assembly? Will they ever be repealed? What about all the positions and appointments shared according to quota system where states must be represented equally despite that a state can be ten times the population of another state while also paying ten times the tax?

Then for those saying Nigerians are too mixed together to separate, which ethnicity in Nigeria has investments across Nigeria more than the Yoruba? Google the top car dealers, hoteliers, architects, doctors, lawyers and etc in any non Yoruba city and see the data. Check Abuja, PH, Enugu, Onitsha, Kaduna, Jos and etc. However it does not change the fact that a Yoruba country is what is best for the Yoruba people. It does not change the fact that Nigeria is best decoupled.

The only thing that I can make of those constantly saying Lagos and not Zungeru, Lokoja, Enugu, Kaduna or Calabar etc was developed by all Nigerians is that they can't come to terms with the level of organized prosperity in the west compared to other regions. It is contrary to what they would like to be true. The glaring reality on the ground shows clearly that the Yoruba are the main casualty of census manipulations in Nigeria and they don't want to admit that.

References

Budgetary allocation to regions

https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1DDhSmKBZi/

Western region budget 55 million pounds

Source: World Bank Group https://share.google/QOy2rIvnErL87jsnG


. 1953 budget of Eastern region

Source: Wiley Online Library https://share.google/oOV6ufOs1UZi8tJIM

Financing of education in Nigeria

https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000076900

Eastern region of Nigeria anticipates 11.8 million pounds budget in 1956 from 7 million pounds

Source: Wiley Online Library https://share.google/X55I0wnohziJt2goo

ositadima1:
Here is a quick back-of-the-envelope calculation projecting the long-term Yield on Cost for holders who stay invested until the refinery reaches its full expansion capacity of 1.4 million barrels per day (bpd).

1. Core Inputs & Assumptions:
* H1 2026 Net Profit: ₦2.5 Trillion
* Phase 1 Annualized Profit (~700k bpd): ₦2.5T × 2 = ₦5.0 Trillion
* Phase 2 Capacity Scaling (1.4m bpd): ₦5.0T × 2 = ₦10.0 Trillion annual net profit
* IPO Price: ₦525 per share
* IPO Shares Offered: 4.1 Billion shares (~3.3% equity float)
* Assumed Payout Ratio: 80%

2. Step-by-Step Math:
A. Total Shares Outstanding

Total Shares = 4.1B / 0.033 = ~124.24 Billion shares

B. Projected Earnings Per Share (EPS at 1.4m bpd)

EPS = ₦10.0 Trillion / 124.24 Billion shares = ₦80.49 per share

C. Projected Dividend Per Share (DPS at 80% Payout)

DPS = ₦80.49 × 0.80 = ₦64.39 per share

D. Long-Term Yield on Original Cost (at ₦525)

Yield on Cost = ₦64.39 / ₦525 = 12.26%

3. Summary Formula:

Yield = [((2.5×10^12) × 2 × 2 × 3.3%) / (4.1×10^9)] × 80% / 525 = 12.26%

Note: This model assumes linear profit scaling as throughput doubles, no additional equity dilution during Phase 2 financing, and stable global refining margins.

How much is coca cola in the US?
How much is it in Nigeria?
How much is beer in the US?
How much is it in Nigeria?
How much is PMS in the US?
Use the same formula to calculate what PMS cost should normally be in Nigeria?
And everything can even up at any time

The recognition of boundaries can begin to resolve the problem amongst Igbo speaking groups.

What can work is a federal state where units have the full right to secede.

Land is not a general property or a free for all where any group of people can enter to change the territorial identity. This ought to be the understanding between Igbo people. For example, Asaba land has traditional sovereignty and the Asagba as the chairman of the Asagba in council that is made up of the leadership of the Asaba people have the right to align the land of Asaba as they wish. This is also true for Onitsha, Ikwerre, Ogba, Ohaji, Nsukka, Mbaise and etc. If a village is autonomous, it is also true for the village despite that the power and influence of a village is insignificant but it is true for it if historically it has never been under any metropolis and if that is how the village's social organization is. In modern times, it s better for such a village to enbloc itself with other villages.

So if such an understanding exists that says Mbaise as an example can join any union and withdraw at any time then there is no reason for communities speaking the same language not to be in the same region or country. No reason at all in my own reasoning. They can join as federating units with the full right of secession.

What any country should be is a federal state where federating units have full rights of secession

On this 9/11 Anniversary.

Today is the anniversary of the September 11 2001 attack by the Osama bin Laden led Al Qaeda on the USA. They hit the world trade center and thousands died.
May their souls continue to rest in peace.
There was nothing much they had against the USA than the fact they are a majority non Muslim nation who according to the Quran should not have influence, friends, associates and etc in Muslim lands. They want Muslims to be left alone by infidels. That was the reason. They used the USA to drive away the USSR from Afghanistan and then turned right back to be attacking the USA mainly with the argument that infidels should not have any kind of influence on Muslim nations or be unequally yoked with them and that it should be those that have submitted to Allah and the Prophet calling the shots everywhere on Earth.
Their agents boarded a plane in the US after a long time of training as passengers and took over the plane, guiding it like a guided missile to collide with the WTC killing thousands.
They want the US to withdraw from the Middle East and also to stop protecting Israel and they went to that extent to call attention to themselves!

It is not as if the USA was guilty of genocide in the Middle East nor were they enslaving the people. They were not owing them money. The Israel in question is living on land that depends on desalination for eighty percent of its water and human beings can not settle on land without water

As fierce as the confrontation was between the capitalists and the Soviets, it did not at any time degenerate to such a level but religion is a deadly kind of ideology and fascism

So use today to remind yourself of what religion is capable of. If we manage to end all reasons for war on Earth, it will remain religion outstanding.

On this anniversary of the most vicious terrorist attack on Earth in living memory, reflect on the fact that our civilization remains in the neighborhood of extinction for as long as religion is supported by law. Whether it is Christianity or Islam, it is the same risk

helinues:
Let me ask you sincerely, are those opposition even ready to discuss progress of the country not to talk of president Tinubu's achievements without undermining them even the visible ones?

KINDLY READ AND HELP IN ANY WAY YOU CAN

https://www.nairaland.com/8735082/how-make-universities-nigeria-even

Putinofrussia:
I think we should stick to President Tinubu's achievements that are very visible.
Yes,there is pain because of the removal of subsidy but since 2023,Nigeria has been moving forward progressively in almost all sectors except a few.
None btw Obi and Atiku has the capacity God had bestowed upon President Tinubu.
Be rest assured,by His Grace,that President Tinubu will easily win in 2027.

KINDLY READ THIS AND HELP IN ANY WAY YOU CAN

https://www.nairaland.com/8735082/how-make-universities-nigeria-even

TOPIC- MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF THE STOCK EXCHANGE

ABSTRACT.

The corporate model of doing business as invented in Britain is the facility that has most improved the efficiency of doing business on Earth in the past few centuries. It transformed business from one person carrying management alone on his or her shoulders to a group of people pooling resources together and hiring managers for the business, some of whom maybe shareholders in the business.
The stock exchange as invented in the Netherlands soon after corporations in England is a great improvement on the British innovation of corporation. With the stock exchange, anyone can buy shares of a company on the open market if the company is listed on the stock exchange, owners of shares can also sell their shares, companies can seek funding by selling shares and the government vetted periodic financial report of the companies in question are available for the public to peruse.

It is easily seen that the stock exchange as an avenue for anybody on Earth to invest their money while being sure of optimal management is unmatched as an economic development and growth facility within any economic space and this is why open debates about how to make it more efficient should be welcomed.

INTRODUCTION

The short work is one of the many I was able to do because I am under the protection of a USA led consortium of nations as security provided by them is why I am alive today to be able to make any kind of submission. If therefore my submission is useful to you in any way, the people that facilitated it for me are more to be credited than myself. Dead people do not publish works.

The aim of the work is to propose measures that can make the stock exchange to be more efficient at what it already does including growing people's money for them, making public funding more attractive and cheaper than private funding or bank loans and etc etc

LITERATURE REVIEW

There are slightly different rules in different stock exchange and they are mainly to do with waiting time for listing, management take over options, percentage of free-float shares required for continued listing and etc etc. Every stock exchange can have rules that make it peculiar and it is via such differences that what works best is often discovered or established.

METHODOLOGY

I observed some inadequacy on the stock exchange, the chief among which is stock price volatility.
I also observed that many well run businesses avoid the stock exchange deliberately and I started to think about how government can use policy to subtly compel them to use the market.
I observed too that many companies despite being already on the market prefer to continue using huge bank loans instead of raising funds as their status as enabled them to be able to do. I therefore thought about how to contain the development.
I also observed that unlike privately funded companies, many publicly funded companies pay their workers without paying their shareholders. This in my opinion should be unacceptable and etc etc

RESULTS

I was able to generate four action points that the government can form into policy and which I am confident will result into a more efficient stock exchange in any country.

DISCUSSION

There are four things I believe governments should do that will improve the efficacy of the stock exchange in any country and they are

1. Mandatory payment of shareholders as workers are paid..

2. Government imposed ceiling on Debt to Equity ratio

3. Tax incentive for companies using public funding

4. Public Companies should also pay end of accounting cycle dividends no matter how small

1. Mandatory payment of shareholders as workers are paid

Publicly listed companies should be mandated to pay a minimum percentage say 30 percent of the wages of their full time employees into an interest bearing dividends account every time workers are paid.
If dividends are always paid, they will become a major metric to value a company by any lay person when the company is not spending money on expansion

2. Government imposed ceiling on Debt to Equity ratio

Public companies should not be allowed to be in debt more than to the tune of say 0.5 percent of their average market capitalization on chosen dates over one year. Once the debt to equity ratio is that high, they should be advised to seek funding via a well advertised public offer or private placement so that investible funds in the economy can go into such companies for more people to be better off economically.
The effect of this policy will be that more people in the country will be economically better off as there are more opportunities to invest. A stronger middle class will be the result.

3. Tax incentives for publicly funded companies.

Companies in the private sector using private funding should be statutorily made to pay higher Company Income Tax than the ones using public funding and that are therefore obliged to regularly publish their books. This can to some extents compensate the government for any revenue shortage due to the unpublished books of the privately funded companies. It can be something like 5 percent for publicly listed companies and 15 percent for others.
The benefit of this is that more companies will choose to list publicly so as to qualify for the tax break

4. Mandatory End of Accounting cycle Dividends

After the regular funding of the interest bearing dividends accounts talked about above, public corporations should still be expected or required to declare dividends at the end of every accounting cycle maybe annually, bi annually or quarterly. Whatever is declared will then be added to what already accumulated in the interest bearing dividends account.
The interest bearing dividends account is just to instil the fact in the consciousness of the leadership of public companies that just as it is with companies using private funding, companies using public funding must also pay owners/shareholders as they pay workers.
This is important because the window must be left open for shareholders to profit more than workers.

CONCLUSION

I believe the short work has sufficiently made the case for how the four points discussed can improve the stock exchange market in any country.
The stock exchange because it is relatively accessible easily by every body on Earth for the purpose of bettering their financial standing should be made stronger with government policies.

References

History of Corporations

https://newint.org/features/2002/07/05/history

A brief history of the stock exchange

https://pattersonmills.ch/a-brief-history-the-fascinating-story-of-stock-exchanges/?fbclid=IwY2xjawUR47lwZG9mAWV4dG4DYWVtAjExAHNydGMGYXBwX2lkDDM1MDY4NTUzMTcyOAABHi2XGAnO0Bu-gqPAh7gUCMKi9ix3VS1iVoOKcXD7BH1uqxLYYeHkVHITNpsE_aem__oSDFxNhhftT_S2HgXMpCQ

Investment into broiler production in Nigeria

A carton of day old broiler chickens costs like 70,000 naira and one carton contains 50 day old chicks

One bird eats like 7.5 kg of feed in say 7 5 weeks after which it will be ready for the market. The feed is a mix of starter, grower/developer and finisher over the 7.5 weeks or the feed can just be broadly classified into starter and finisher.

Cost of one bird is like 1500
Cost of feeding for 7.5 weeks is like 8000 naira at around 1100 naira per kg on average

Other expenses like transport, veterinary and slaughtering-1000 per bird

Total cost of raising one broiler is 10,500 naira for two months

Average weight of broiler at 7.5 weeks is 4 kg

Wholesale price is around 4000 minimum and it can go to 5,500

Minimum selling price is 16,000 naira

Profit per bird for two months of 7.5 weeks is 5500 naira which makes 2,750 per month per bird in stock before salaries.

Remember that two months is actually more than 8 weeks. Two months is like 8.1 weeks or more and not the 7.5 weeks used for the calculation which means more profit

If you have 50 birds, what you are producing is around 1100 kg per annum of chicken or 1.1 tonnes and your income before wages will be 137,500 naira per month.

If you are ready to sell at 4000 naira per kg always then selling would be straightforward

One million people investing into 50 birds poultry in the country will generate at least one million minimum wage jobs, reduce the price of chicken, increase tax revenue if minimum wage workers all pay tax, increase pension contributions available for investment if all workers must have a retirement savings account.

I personally do not eat more than 10kg of chicken a year if up to that at all because I still eat dried fish and pomo and etc too, so if I have a poultry farm of 50 birds in my large compound I will be increasing the GDP by at least 1090 kilogram of chicken per annum or 1.09 tonnes

If you have a big compound like me do join the effort

mikeapollo:
Okay ooo. Imagine NNPC getting listed and HNI like Otedola, Elumelu, etc buys like 50%-70%+ of the shares. And they collect billions of naira as dividends every year with most roads, schools, hospitals in Nigeria still bad!

If NNPC is sold the JV share of Nigeria isn't sold with it. It will only be the upstream assets that are sold and they will just be managing the oil wells for maybe a small percentage of production volume and the government will face other things fully. They will publish their accounts for everybody to peruse and millions of investors will buy shares. It can't make more than 3 billion dollars a year from all operations and it will be able to take contracts abroad

If a 300 bed hospital is full
It will make up to 700,000 naira a day on beds
On food it will make at least 1 million naira
If it has a pharmacy the department may make profit up to 300k a day if it is doing wholesales

Other departments can make 500k a day


Total more than 2.5 million naira a day less 300k spent on food ingredients meaning 2.2 million naira a day
Less power maybe 200k a day

2 million naira a day and 720 million naira a year before salaries and fuel

If they have 300 staff, the salaries will not be up to 700 million naira. So they can even list the hospital on the NGX and it will run properly and be making up to 100 million naira a year for the shareholders because of the more efficient management

There are specialist operations in the hospital that can bring in even one million naira a day and the pharmacy department can bring in one million naira a day if well run

DISCOS AND GENCOS IN NIGERIA IN A FREE MARKET UNDER RESTRAINTS

In Nigeria, the power sector has been unbundled and divided into discos which are distribution companies and GENCOS which are generation companies. There is also a transmission company that owns the power lines.

However an organization like the RCCG have had a power company that has both a generation and a distribution department and that actually is what can solve the power problem in Nigeria. If I have a genco let me also have a disco or let me give my distribution contract to any company I want. The job of a specific distribution company working for a particular Genco is to make sure no power coming from the GENCO is connected to any user without passing through a meter that is on the network of the distribution company reporting to the Genco. As a matter of fact the best way is for the disco to belong to the Genco. Almost No power will be lost if it is solar and all the power will be paid for. It will be cheap too. It can be as low as 20 naira per kwh meaning a heavy residential user consuming 5kwh per day will spend 100 naira per day and 3000 naira a month. This is already the case in Iran and Iran is more than three times more expensive to live in than Nigeria.

In Nigeria, a 100kw plant will generate more than 10 million naira per annum and 1000 kw will generate 100 million naira. Expenses isn't up to ten percent so when you collect 10 million naira from 100 kw you will have more than 9 million left and that ROI is outrageous. If you collect only 5 million naira the ROI is still outrageous and the price of electricity at this point will be around 45 naira per kwh. Where it is no longer outrageous is when you collect 2 5 million naira and the price of electricity at that point would be around 20 naira per kwh as it is in Iran. A company doing this with 50,000 MW will have its CEO as the highest paid in the country

Therefore endeavor to establish a power generation and distribution company in your neighborhood and connect people only via a meter. It is not illegal in Nigeria as at now. 2 million 100kw plants is 200,000 MW in total and it will solve the power problem of Nigeria. The power grid by gas fired plants, hydro and etc can still be working as there are industries that need them.

The role of the government is to impose a ROI restraints on the sector. Expenses are minimal. 2000 Kw of PV do not need more than two permanent employees

Topic- Restrictions necessary for the optimization of the Free market

Abstract
The objective of the short work is the discussion of restrictions needed in a free market even when such restrictions seem to be against the fundamental principles of the system

Introduction

This is another work possible to be written because I am under the protection and sponsorship of a US led consortium of nations in a 26 year long operation as at 2026.

The consensus is that opportunities for excellence is more in a free market economy because it is not a one headquarter economy like full fledged socialist states but the debate continues on the extent to which government regulations should be allowed. No system is free from regulations as things like patents, intellectual property, copyright and etc that are fully accepted in the free market economy are regulations too.

There is therefore the need to know when it is appropriate for government to intervene with regulations.

Literature Review

There are a myriad of opinions on how far government regulations should go or reach as they perform their duty of coordination and policy making
Anarchists for instance believe there should be no regulations at all.
People who own trade marks, copyright and etc do not agree with them

Methodology

The way the cost of some goods and services vary greatly from nation to nation was observed and a need was felt to explain the variance. When one product or service costs one hundred times the cost in another country and it is seen as normal then such a scenario calls for academic analysis.

Results

I concluded that certain kinds of goods and services that can not be traded across borders are the cause of the distortion in the economy of some nations to the extent that their cost of living becomes multiple times that of another country and that such goods and services in that category when identified should have their markets put under restraints

Discussion

All economies have certain sectors that local people are obliged to patronize and these include even services like barbing, plumbing, hair dressing and many others and there are sub sectors in that category where the asset of the business is immobile and also fixed to the consumption point. The market may be called a Conjoined Producer and Consumer market or CPC market.

When a sector has been identified as ruled by this CPC market then the government should move to place a restraint on the market because if this is not done, the sector will eventually tank the whole economy.
Examples of CPC markets include
Real estate.
Water grids
Power grids and etc
If you live in any city, especially well planned cities with zoning laws and etc then you will be constrained to be a consumer and buyer in such markets.

The only solution is for the government to always calculate the cost of investment and then give allowance for a generous returns on investment and any investor not okay will have to divest. If the average returns on investment is 5 percent then 5.1 percent should be considered generous enough to attract investors

Conclusion

To make sure any market does not run amok to result in the derailment of the whole economy, the Conjoined Producer and Consumer or CPC markets that exist in the economy should always be under restraints by the government

References

https://www.investopedia.com/articles/economics/08/free-market-regulation.asp

Is the German company Flixster by Deutsche Bahn the first generation self driving car?

I think Flixster has been allowing users to access cars with smart cards linked to their driving license for years now.
If the car is an automatic car then someone with minimal training can access the car and use the service if they are in possession of a registered smart card issued by the company.

Given the fact that the relatively newly developed Robotaxi by Tesla Inc is kind of co-driven by the passenger since the passenger can stop the car briefly then it might be right to say the service by Flixter is the first generation of self driving cars because it does not need a paid driver.

What should the second generation look like?

I think the second generation should focus on mass transit. Intra and inter city, intra and inter state, school buses, staff buses and etc.

If the road is good and the coordinates of standard bus stops are known and if there are no pedestrian crossing at all on the road then the door only needs to be designed to sound an alarm per bus stop and open for passengers to alight and then sound an alarm before closing up again. There will also be cameras on board.

This should be straightforward to design for many routes in most cities on Earth.

The success depends on government infrastructure in form of providing pedestrian bridges and keeping roads top notch. Road crossings by human beings have to only be via bridges.

Third generation

This one is the navigation robot which have to be adept at avoiding human beings and also be able to navigate bad roads. It will be significantly more difficult to design.

To keep up with road conditions, the company can employ people to monitor routes so that the coordinates of road portions where the robot needs to slow down can be sent to head quarters. The main challenge will be how to manage possible collisions with human beings. It will also not be able to ply bad roads at all

Sovereignty because of the powers that be

Oturupon meji

A baby is fed without it being aware of it and without it being grateful
It is because the army is well armed and ready for conflict that the nation is prosperous.
Even when some citizens disrespect the armed forces, they still do their duty

It was cast for Eritrea that became independent to block the much larger and populous Ethiopia from maritime access without consequence

It was also cast for the village sitting on the Atlantic coast of West Africa talking about an independence that will block the access of hundreds of millions of people to the sea

They were advised to sacrifice
They listened and complied
Onlooking people of Po and Offa!

A village could not have been able to hold even a metropolis to ransom not to talk of hundreds of millions of people if not that some extent powers that exist.

Note
That is the world we live in today that was not possible a few centuries back. A village of a few thousands of people backed by the UN charter and protected by the several US bases around can theoretically declare independence and be able to assert itself.

So once you understand this new liberty that exists on Earth which never existed in the past, you will realize somebody is paying for it. No free lunch in Freetown. In the past, such a village or small nation would have been swept into the sea for the leaders even having the idea at all.

Therefore if you know a very essential service that someone has been providing for you for free even as you are of means, immediately request to start paying for it.

The USA is the country spending money to maintain peace on Earth for prosperity to be possible. If what they have spent can not be paid back then what they will spend in future must be provided by those who are enjoying the prosperity. Ironically, paying this security money to the United Nations enroute to the USA is the only pathway to making those who blame the USA for every problem on the globe to stop doing that.

The USA spends 3.1 percent of its GDP on defense and 100 percent of this money should be paid annually to the USA by the UN from a UN fund that all member nations must contribute to. If cost of living on Earth becomes uniform then US GDP may not exceed 1.5 trillion dollars and the defense budget will be around 50 billion dollars per annum
The world GDP will be around 20 trillion dollars and all UN members countries should be made to pay 0.7 percent of their total annual government revenue to the United Nations to cover the UN's annual expenses including global security that will be handled by the USA.

The UN should have a permanent number of seats shared to countries according to the money paid in and the countries paying in should hold elections to fill these seats. It should not be by government appointment. Countries without enough revenue to hold a seat should share a seat with others.

There need not be more than 400 seats.

The sharing of seats can be reviewed after every five years

The ifa that is cast for over 200 million Nigerians paying money to Abuja is the same ifa cast for the whole world that should pay money to the UN headquartered in the USA. The Ifa is Ofun Odi. Gift to a friend.

Streetinvestor2:
This does not answer the questions in my post.Making any amount of billion does not tell the story. What the billion can translate in its financial to shareholders is the question I want u to answer. Abi you are buying for just the title of shareholder in Dangote refinery. Some of us have grown pass that stage in the business of ngx long ago after good and bad lessons

Buying that particular IPO isn't different from buying a house, taking in tenants and expecting rent. You shouldn't buy only if you can't wait. I have no money to buy myself though

Streetinvestor2:
Do you have an investment presently on ngx so I can understand ur position better. How many percent do you think it can grow that profit yearly for the next 5yrs.At the end what do you think is your projected dividend to shareholders for that 5 yrs. I am talking from investors perspective.
If you are only interested in share appreciation So what is your projected roic in percentage yearly for it for the next 5 yr for anyone
I don't see a reason I should be buying it at a premium in an ipo when I have stocks on ngx that can return better for me now.I am after dividend and share appreciation. .

The reason is that it might actually appreciate and if it falls it will be temporarily. The company selling pms at the right price will make more than 1 billion dollars a year in profit and that is enough

Streetinvestor2:
I go buy that stock #400 on ngx.pls book mark this my post for me for the future. I no too sabi dig out old post...lol
That is at discount from PP offer

Possible but not enough reason not to buy now. The company as it is is capable of making over one billion dollars in annual profit and therefore it is worth over 40 billion dollars. It can make 1.5 to 2:billion dollars annually without stress. However not at the current price it is selling PMS

Streetinvestor2:
Pls based on this table is thr a yard stick to change the OS of private company to a new figur in just short space.look at the OS in 2025 and what it became in 2026..Or because u are coming to list you can just change the OS to any number. Abi thr is real asset valuation by external body or regulatory body.I don't understand
.
And why is the information really different.
The pp guys follow for the others in this table.
It says 5,351 853 329 is unallocated. Does it mean PP guys took less than 2 billion units which was different from initial information about over subscription for PP
Na watin I see for that table I want to get clarification oh

It does not change the market capitalization of the company nor does it increase the stake of any share holder. All it does is share the company into more tiny pieces like cutting a cake into four pieces instead of into two. If you held fifty percent you will now have two pieces instead of one

Stockpromoter:
What do you expect when everyone is invited to buy Dangote IPO with less than 10k?
People are buying with expectations.
When they finally list at NGX,people will expect the price to rise.This is where I have a problem.
My problem is that I will like to buy it then at N300 and this will lead to another red which might introduce the real bears to the market.

I am sensing a market crash post listing of Dangote Refinery.

The regulators will later regret why they brought a monopoly company to list at the exchange.

Dangote will monopolize NGX join to their business

What is being sold of the company is what one entity can buy and wants to buy. So how can the value crash? It can only crash if Dangote himself wants to offload but there is a way around that which is off market buying or what is it called. Anybody he is selling to will buy everything off market and there will be no upheaval. The refinery price is fair as it is. It will still rise in future

Real estate and power investment on 4200 square meters (1 acre) in any Nigerian state

Cost of land - 25 million naira

Cost of five units of ten storey buildings of four bedroom each complete with elevators, paved roads and some other amenities- less than 2 billion naira

Cost of a 120kw PV farm with inverter on the roof tops- 100 million naira

Miscellaneous - 100 million naira

Total - 2, 225,000,000 naira only


Income

The power plant will easily generate more than 300kwh everyday of electricity and it will sell all or almost all if it has two or three to five factories as tenants, say water factories and etc. A water factory working ten hours a day will consume around 30 kwh per day and five will take around half of the power generated. The other units will consume the rest. It can even be more of an industrial complex and the power plant scaled up a bit. If the price is 100 naira per Kwh, then the plant will make more than thirty thousand naira per day maybe one million naira per month and over eleven million naira per annum. It can however be 150 naira and still be very very cheap for factories and homes.

Annual income from power will be over eleven million naira.
Many entities including the RCCG camp have been doing this for years. They have their own plants and their own distribution infrastructure or company with meters.

The four bed home units can be sold outrightly at maybe fifty million naira for interested buyers or rented out at one million naira per annum while all occupants must agree they will buy the power at at least a cost per annum that is ten percent of the cost of generating 300kwh per day for one year which is the cost of construction of a 100kwh plant in Nigeria. If it costs 100 million naira then it means around 108,000 kwh will cost 100 million naira.
I believe the cost of construction can go down to as low as thirty million naira overtime

The real estate will pay for itself and be profitable whether through rent income or outright sales and the power plant will generate income flow perpetually.

POSSIBLE WAYS TO SPEED VALUE A BUSINESS.

Introduction

This short work is one of many I did under the sponsorship of a US led consortium of nations and others that later allied with them. A consortium originally made up of the USA, Russia, India and China.
Their backing is why I am alive to make any academic submission at all.
The valuation of corporations or businesses is not a daunting challenge or task and this short work is just to offer insight on how it can be done by almost anyone while they will still be able to arrive at a fair valuation.

Literature Review

I got most of what I know of valuation from the Internet including via Artificial intelligence and from several internet websites where there are relevant information. The generally accepted ways of business or corporation valuation that is common are income, market and asset based valuation methods.

Methodology

I observed that market valuation of companies all over the world generally correlate with metrics like revenue, profitability, book value and etc and whenever there is a large variation it is almost always because of distortions in the market like share buy backs, hypes due to one company's value having to struggle to align with a peer and etc. I therefore started brainstorming on how to use these metrics to arrive at a fair market capitalization of any corporation almost at a glance.

I also treated capital as a living thing that must earn something similar to a minimum wage just as do financial institutions.

I arrived at two short routes through which the value of any venture or prospective venture may be fairly determined.

RESULTS.

I determined that two short routes are possible to determine the fair value of any business and they are

1. Valuation by entry barrier

2. Valuation by profitability

Assumptions used

1.Passive and regular annual rental income from any property or equipment should optimally be 2.5 percent of the nominal value of the property or equipment.

2. Retail share holding or the free float shares of any company is classifiable as a rental property.

However rental income from real estate can be fixed at a higher percentage of the nominal value of the real estate than that of retail share holding because an ongoing business is more versatile and more liquid than real estate. Real estate may be more difficult to convert to cash than equity and it can also have legitimate dividends or rental income downtimes.

DISCUSSION

1.How valuation by entry barrier works

Step one-. Determination of the minimum investment
Step two- Determination of rental income on minimum investment as fixed deposit
Step three- Determination of the value of the property or real estate that would have yielded the rental income on the minimum investment
Step Four- The valuation of the business is thesame as the valuation of the property or real estate that would have yielded the rental income. It is the free float or FF value of the minimum investment

Any business requires a minimum investment and that minimum investment is the entry barrier. The minimum investment is the seed capital.
Let us use a one man business in Nigeria that does not require high skills but that must be able to support one person easily as an example.

In Nigeria, an unskilled person that wants to set up a business of trading in anything must invest a minimum of 1.5 million naira which is about USD 1,100. If you invest less than that, then you will not be able to support yourself properly not to talk of another person.
If you are able to secure the investment then your next challenge will be profitability and that will be determined by things like management style, vision, character and etc.

A one man business in Nigeria as described above with a minimum entry barrier of 1.5 million naira has rental income on minimum investment to be at least 150,000 naira at ten percent per annum if fixed in a fixed deposit account.

The value of the property or equipment that will yield that amount of money is 6 million naira since 150,000 naira is 2.5 percent of 6 million naira.

Therefore the free float value or capitalization of that one man business will be six million naira.

This means that if the business owner sells forty percent of the business, that percentage will bring in 2.4 million naira which can be used to expand the business after funding the common stock account.

2. How Valuation by Profitability works.

This is the real unquestionable market valuation of a business in my view. It is determined by the rate of growth of the business. In other words, if a company is saving one million naira per annum after all expenses including wages and all and there is undeniable proof of that, then the one million naira can be taken as the rental income per annum from the business and the business can be valued straightaway at 40 million naira using the rule of regular rental income per annum being 2.5 percent of the nominal value of the property or equipment.

A business that has invested only five million naira can make even fifty million naira per annum consistently with management efficiency, tenacity, trade secrets and etc. It is not an impossibility though such a company with such a profit margin would immediately acquire assets and become asset heavy.

3. There can be a mixture too.
Say a hotel chain has built a new hotel up to ninety percent completion but the new hotel is not yet commissioned and there is no income from it yet and the company wants to take a private placement or do an initial public offer (IPO) then it can use valuation by profitability for the ongoing segment and use valuation by entry barrier for the upcoming segment and add it together to arrive at a unitary valuation for the company.

CONCLUSION

I believe it has been sufficiently demonstrated in this short work that a fair valuation of any venture or prospective venture of any size can be possible through any of the two broad routes of valuation by entry barrier and valuation by profitability and in this era of the internet and Artificial intelligence, any lay person can use those tools as described to determine a fair value of any investment.

The entry barrier method is more valid when there is a large market ready to take the goods or services to be offered by the new venture

References

Corporation valuation

https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/business-and-management/corporate-valuation

How to value a corporation

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/how-to-value-a-company?fbclid=IwY2xjawUNTBBwZG9mAWV4dG4DYWVtAjExAHNydGMGYXBwX2lkDDM1MDY4NTUzMTcyOAABHoi1DS47-9UHrRNKh93H79O1pD9yd_cfCYhOUg5m-bsP5BXKhRoqLjEfsMY6_aem_q06-nMMaWVpqjGg1BOh2lw

SonofElElyonRet:
Some people wey dey say dangote refinery IPO isn't advisable will still go behind and buy some without announcing here. Truth is no one knows if it'll drop or increase in price. We can only postulate.. I've been saying it over and over again that even loss declaring companies have had price appreciation so nothing is cast in stone

Even if it drops temporarily which is unlikely it will increase in price in the long run

yMcy56:
Somebody like me, I'm not even comfortable with some of the IPO items...
The Refinery coming to market without class looks somehow to me.

They may want to pump the share price upon listing but las las, na on top retailers Dem go dump the kaya.

Davido & Co no go use me cash out for NGX...😊

The price isn't bad as it is even if it falls. A company with raw investment of even 10 billion dollars isn't bad to be valued at 40 billion dollars if well managed. The refinery is certainly more than ten billion dollars and a company with raw investment ( not human resources) of 10 billion dollars can be as valuable as even 500 billion dollars and that will be because of the management. So the refinery isn't bad to buy at that amount

mikeapollo:
Profit is a function of margins (sale price-cost price), volume and efficiency.
Refinery may still make good profits because it has huge capacity (volumes), even if margin is low, theoretically speaking.

The average margin for most refineries is 7%-15%,

Dangote is one man. Any refinery comfortable with 7 percent has its outstanding shares as majority retailer held or majorly held by entities not owing banks. Dangote needs a huge margin to pay the interests on his debts

NairaMaster1:
The same way the north is claiming empty Size in Nigeria

I believe the North has more people than the South. They buy more cement, they registered more NIN and etc and the proportion correlates to a degree. NiN says they are like 55 percent but cement data say they buy almost 60 percent. What I don't believe is that any ethnic group have more population than the Yoruba but the government uses that as a fact and award political representation to other groups accordingly

The people killed over 26 years of the CIA led operation
1.John Audu of Eke Avrugo
2.Dele Fakeye of Ilesa
3.Chukwuma Chukwu of Ilesa
4.The assassination team sent by Queen Elizabeth
5.The assassination team sent by Bishop Oyedepo.
6. Richard Donald
7. Unknown hit man based in Benin
John Audu of Eke Avrugo
I met him during my NYSC at Eke Avrugo in 2006. I met his whole family apart from his elder brother that was a medical doctor in Jos and an elder sister married and living far away. I know James Audu his immediate elder brother, his younger sister that was a student back then at the college of Education in Ankpa and his Dad Chief Audu the biggest land owning chief in the village who is greeted Dorga. We were received as youth corpers by his Dad because they own the land on which the school is sited and the Principal liaised with them on everything
Him and James Audu his elder brother were teachers in the school where I also taught as a youth corper. He loved life of course like most young men but he was my friend to the extent that he once told me firmly to check the account of the money I was giving to someone, (his cousin) to buy palm kernel for me and I discovered a shortage when I did.
How he got into trouble
The closest woman to me in the village was an old woman that worked in a local government, she owned her own house and she was feared as a no nonsense person in the village but we got along very well together and she liked me. She once stayed in Lagos during her youth so she understands Yoruba a little while speaking Igala and Igbo fluently as do most of the adults in the village (Most children speak only Igbo fluently). My best younger friend in the village was her niece turned daughter, Nkiru. Her late Dad was her brother and both her Dad and her Mum who was a nurse were late. Mama Nkiru refused marriage offers by some big men for Nkiru and was training her herself. She refused one big business man and a UNN lecturer according to Nkiru. She had only one biological daughter that died.
Unknown to me I was under the surveillance of the RCCG even as they attacked the business I left in the custody of two young ladies in Ile Ife that I made signatory to my business account. One of the ladies succumbed to their advances and wrecked the business, I then promised her we will fight it out in court since I have documents that she signed. She was at first confident and was boasting that she will go scot free but after spending some time in the station at Ile Ife and after an elderly police man advised her and her Dad that from the statement I wrote that he read, she would be playing with jail if she does not settle. She then became jittery and was about to mention the RCCG Pastor in Ile ife that was her handler. Enoch Adeboye then decided to solve the issue by a summary assassination and he contacted Nkiru who agreed to work with him.
Nkiru knew John Audu to be politically active and etc so she contracted him to do the job. He saw her as my only girl friend in the village and to scare her off, he mentioned that he would collect 250,000. Our NYSC allowance was 8,000 naira back then. So the money is worth around 2.5 million naira today by PPP in 2026. To his amazement, the money was paid.
He however did not have the mind to carry out such an operation as I was his friend. According to Ifa, he returned the money to Nkiru more than three times and Nkiru refused to collect it back.
Then it appeared as if it had become free money for John until the medical Doctor elder brother of John picked interest in Nkiru to marry her and Nkiru agreed.
As preparations were ongoing Nkiru said she and the Doctor will go to Pastor Adeboye for him to pray for them. Then John realized at once where the 250,000 naira he was paid came from because they grew up together in the village and Nkiru had been to Abuja but never to Western Nigeria. Nkiru saw it in his face and probably in the attitude of the family that he knew the truth already but no word was said by any party in confirmation. Nkiru however contacted Enoch Adeboye to let him know that the cat was already out of the bag. The wedding was cancelled I believe.
Then Enoch Adeboye used the usual bait that the average Nigerian youth would fall for. A company sponsored by a former Italian ambassador to Nigeria who is Adeboye's friend offered a lucrative security job in Italy to John via a proxy. He accepted the offer and traveled to Italy and started working. Then maybe he was being paid 2000 Euros a month and he got offs on Thursdays then a colleague posted to another location asked him to stand in for him informally for one day and be paid maybe 500 Euros because there is something important he needs to do. He went there on his say Thursday off and Enoch Adeboye was waiting for him. He can't let somebody be loose with the knowledge of who he actually is when that person is not on his side. John Audu was hacked to death personally by Enoch Adeboye in Italy. May his soul rest in peace.
Dele Fakeye
She was like four years my junior in Ilesa Grammar School. Her senior sister Bolaji was a year my junior in the same school and maybe two or three years my junior at the university in Ile Ife.
Dele was working in MTN Nigeria back then and she was contacted by a female RCCG Pastor sent by Adeboye to contact me and then poison me for working for the antichrist. She on her own decided she would try and make me marry her instead and started doing things contrary to her brief. She was poisoned under the direction of Enoch Adeboye. May her soul rest in peace. One of my daughters was named for her.
Chukwuma Chukwu
He was one year my senior at Ilesa Grammar School while his elder brother, Bro Emeka was five years my senior. I was closer to his elder brother who I last saw when he came as a party delegate from Ilesa to a party primary or delegate meeting being held in Parakin Ile Ife maybe in 2009 or 2010.
I encountered Chukwuma in Ijebu jesa in maybe 2021 and I asked after his brother and everyone from him. Adeboye heard of it and again decided to try again. Chukwuma was approached to help the church eliminate me. He refused and he not only refused, he also went ahead to look for and add me as a friend on social media. This was noticed by the RCCG and it was reported to Enoch Adeboye who then arranged his murder. May his soul rest in peace.
Queen Elizabeth's assassination squad
They were neutralized in Ile Ife by a team sent from Ilesa by the late Owa Obokun Oba Adekunle Aromolaran as they were about to set out to eliminate me àfter being paid. It was at this point that the British government knew that the CIA were involved. Queen Elizabeth decided to eliminate me because I, according to her have plans at variance with her own plans for Nigeria and I had already attracted attention in the form of former President Shagari telling former VP Jonathan to mention my name to late President Yaradua. He did this because his grand daughter asked him to do so. According to my research with ifa, his grand daughter is one young lady I met just once during my SIWES training at NAPIMS NNPC maybe in 2002. I think she is now a medical doctor.
I am not sure of the number of people killed but it was after the killing that the then British prime Minister added me as a friend on Facebook. I did not understand the implication until much later.
The assassination squad of Bishop David Oyedepo.
Those ones were wiped out by members of the Supreme Eiye confraternity SEC.
By 2006, the Russians had joined the USA as the second nation to join the intervention or plan of the CIA and President Putin's first daughter was put into the same shoes that Barbara Bush had been put in six years earlier in 2000 and that she had been waiting for before she became aware of herself.
When Bishop Oyedepo started his own assassination plans, he was left to the Russians to handle. President Putin's daughter was interviewing by proxy many of my acquaintances and she chose someone I have not seen physically since I was eleven to work with. A lady that I was in primary school with. Through one Igala man in Kogi state the SEC were recruited to foil the planned attack on me by the assassination squad of Bishop Oyedepo. I do not know exactly how many people were killed
The attempt by Pastor Bakare was paid for but was not launched
The attempt by Rev Oyakhilome was nipped at the bud principally by his wife I believe
The attempt by a Kano Muslim cleric was neutralized by a fellow business man in Ile Ife known as TTT who was in the same line with me as at then. He was working for the CIA and he only went to Sabo to pay off those hired to attack me
Richard Donald
He was used by former Gov Orji Uzor Kalu to try and eliminate me and he himself ended up being killed by the RCCG mainly because he was always disturbing his handlers to ask when he would be advanced the part payment for my assassination or to ask for more money. I think he was a politician in Abia state.
Under the direction of Orji Kalu he gave money to an old university acquaintance of mine, Tayo Ismaila who is now a politician in Abuja to give to me so that after I die the money will be in my account as a puzzle for my family members by their reasoning. The money he gave me was 400,000 naira if I remember right. He told me he sold a car and didn't need the money immediately and that I should be using it in the main time.
Richard Donald went from serving Orji Kalu to serving Enoch Adeboye and then he tried to blackmail Adeboye and he ended up being killed by him.
Unknown hit man based in Benin
He was mobilized by Orji Uzor Kalu but another person was mobilized from Lagos who went to his Benin address and neutralized him. He was successfully defused and the person returned safely to Lagos

Other foiled murder attempts on me

Governor Oyetola of Osun state who tried to use some people to poison me but the poison was intercepted by former Governor Bisi Akande and others working in concert with the CIA.

Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel whose attacks were neutralized by the CIA

Gov El Rufai who deployed assassins that were neutralized by the help of Senator Sheu Sanni and etc etc. There are still more as all the attempts are over thirty in number

MIKOLOWISKA:


I know
But you get the idea
If population increase puts pressure on land prices, agric land will come at a premium and it now becomes economically feasible to use the desert land as process make logistic cost negligible

We used to use nearby firewood
Now we use fuels transported by ocean twice and it makes more sense than horses or firewood burning

Just saying

.

Desrts can take non agric use so wetter areas can be maximised

In theory
Costs permitting as explained above

depends on cost of land in Nigeria and final cost of shipping to and from niger

Costs change with time

We (super rich ppl) used to buy cellular phones for thousands of dollars now a cheap simple chinko GSM can be acquired by most poor ppl for tens of dollars

Times change

Land prices shouldn't be allowed to reflect in the rent value of real estate. It is a problem that needs to be fixed. Only the cost of real estate construction should be used in determining the cost of rent in any city and that is the only way the disparity in cost of living that has caused an upheaval on Earth can be solved and it is high time it is solved. Land isn't scarce. The problem is what I call the opportunistic market

Heffalump:
Your comment in the last paragraphs is sparingly correct because you didn't take into account some annual crops that demands less water and thrives very well in the Northern part of Nigeria than the South. E. g is sorghum, legumes, tubers, and cereals. The South is better with cash crops like rubber, cocoa, oil palm, timber wood, and fruit crops.

Total value is what I am talking of. The difference would not be much. The North has more cattle but the South has cattle too. The South earn more forex but the North earn forex too. It is largely equal is what I believe