₦airaland Forum

dacblogger:
B.A! B.A!!
My blue jet have landed safely.

Labor was so short... Baby boy came exactly on the first Edd scan gave me. Came to the hospital by 3.30. delivered 1hr later
Born at 37weeks+
Safe delivery to the remaining July Mamas.
B.s will come later.

congratulations,God bless the new bundle of joy

#ATGStomachUpsetInPregnancy.

STOMACH DISORDERS , DIARRHEA IN
PREGNANCY

By Dr Esther Oluwadeyi.

Digestive difficulties, such as constipation and diarrhea, may occur frequently during pregnancy. Blame it on shifting hormones, changes in diet, and added stress. The fact is, pregnant women deal with diarrhea quite a lot, and if they aren’t cautious, it can cause problems.

�Why diarrhea is common during pregnancy

If you experience three or more loose bowel movements in one day, you may have diarrhea. Diarrhea during pregnancy is common. However, just because you have diarrhea doesn’t necessarily mean it’s directly related to your pregnancy.

Reasons other than pregnancy include:

�virus

�bacteria

�stomach flu

�intestinal parasites

�food poisoning

�medications

Certain conditions also make diarrhea more common. These include irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn’s disease, celiac disease, and ulcerative colitis.

Pregnancy-related causes for diarrhea include:

*✏️Diet changes* Many women make dramatic diet changes when they find out they are pregnant. This sudden shift in your food intake can upset your stomach and potentially cause diarrhea.

*✏️New food sensitivities* Food sensitivities may be one of the many changes you experience during pregnancy. Foods that never fazed you before becoming pregnant may now leave you with gas, an upset stomach, and diarrhea.

*✏️Prenatal vitamins* Taking prenatal vitamins is good for your health as well as the health of your growing baby. However, these vitamins may upset your stomach and cause diarrhea.

*✏️Hormone changes* Hormones may make your digestive system slow down, so constipation may be an issue. Hormones can also speed up the digestive system, which may make diarrhea a problem.
Diarrhea is more common in the third trimester though.

As you near your due date, you may find that diarrhea becomes more common. That may be because your body is preparing itself for labor. Diarrhea doesn’t necessarily mean that your labor is mere days away, so don’t be alarmed by the increased frequency.

Some women will not even experience frequent diarrhea in their third trimester, though others will. Each person’s experience will be different.

● How to treat diarrhea during pregnancy

�Give it time: Most cases of diarrhea will clear up in a few days. This is often the case if your diarrhea is the result of food poisoning, a bug or virus, or bacteria.

�Keep hydrated.

�Consider your medication. If a medication you’re taking is causing the diarrhea, your body may be able to adjust to it, and the diarrhea may stop. If not, talk with your doctor.

�See a doctor. Make an appointment to see your doctor if your diarrhea doesn’t end after two or three days. Your doctor will conduct a physical exam and may draw blood to determine what is causing the diarrhea.

�Avoid problematic foods. Certain food groups can make diarrhea worse. Steer clear of high-fat, fried foods, spicy foods, milk and dairy, and high-fiber foods.

⚠️DO NOT take an over-the-counter antidiarrheal medication without consulting your doctor. Certain conditions may be worsened by these medicines. Additionally, they are not safe for everyone.

✅Stay hydrated
If you’re experiencing diarrhea, it’s important to stay hydrated. Watery, loose bowel movements remove a lot of fluid from your body. Dehydration can happen quickly and be very serious, especially for pregnant women.
Even when they aren’t experiencing digestive problems, pregnant women require more water than everyone else.

Drink water to replace the fluids you’re losing. Drink juice and broth to help replace some of the electrolytes, vitamins, and minerals your body has lost.

● When to seek treatment

Prolonged diarrhea can cause dehydration. If your diarrhea lasts more than two or three days, call your doctor. Severe dehydration causes pregnancy complications. Symptoms of dehydration include:

⚠️dark yellow urine

⚠️dry, sticky mouth

⚠️thirst

⚠️decreased urine output

⚠️headache

⚠️dizziness

⚠️lightheadedness

You can prevent dehydration during pregnancy by drinking at least 80 ounces of water every day.
NB:
80 ounces approx 2.5litres
80 ounces =10cups

Dr Esther Oluwadeyi

ATG Group

~ Culled & Citation from: healthline .com

Flourishing19:
I have been doing my 5-10mins walk but it isn't easy. Veggies and fruits, I don't know why it seems difficult too especially the veggies but I'll keep trying. Turning in bed isn't as easy as it used to be. I don't know what the 9th month will be like. All I pray for is safe landing for every pregnant mama.

Thanks for taking out time to check on us.

same here too,the lord is our strength.

1stymom:
I am fine Capt.. I am lazy with the walk o and I detest fruit for now cos of the bitter taste it leaves in my mouth after consumption. Hope it won't have effect on me and my LO sha? Although, I eat veggies alot... How are you too fairing?? And thanks for the regular updates on dos and don'ts of pregnancy. God bless you!

I also experience the after bitter taste here too,but it does not stop me from eating the fruits and sometimes it I blend it to make smoothies

omotolanibaby:
Happy new month!
We pray for favours in the month of july.
Teamie hope the back pain and heaviness is not telling on us too much.The lord is our strength.
Counting down 2 more months to go!
May the Lord see us through the remainings days and may we deliver safely!
Team September roll call
NAME.....................EDD....................SEX

1.omotolanibaby...Sept14..XY(boy)
2. Flourishing19... Sept 29....xy(boy)
3.Mr HighSea..... sept 7... unknown
4.1stymom... sept 2 ... XX(girl)
5.nahzyla ....sept 25... unknown
6.suzzyrims.......sept 16.... unknown
7.Ummufarrah......sept 21.... XX(girl)
8.teebee22........sept 15..... XY(boy)
9.ohfenrami .....sept 29.... unknown
10.heebah.……..sept 22...... XY(boy)
11.firstpregnancy.....sept 19..... XX(girl)
12.minmin2323......sept 27 .... unknown

team September,hope we are all good, let's not forget to put excercise into our daily activities,it might just be walking between 5-10mins per day and for the working class mama that comes home at night can just do thiers at weekend alone.lets ensure we put more vegetables and fruits into our diet.do have a lovely weekend.

VAGINAL YEAST INFECTION

A vaginal yeast infection also known as Candidiasis is a fungal infection that causes irritation, discharge and intense itchiness of the vagina and the vulva — the tissues at the vaginal opening.

A healthy vagina contains bacteria and some yeast cells. But when the balance of bacteria and yeast changes, the yeast cells can multiply.

SYMPTOMS
-Vaginal itching and irritation
-A burning sensation during intercourse or while urinating
-Redness and swelling of the vulva
-Vaginal pain and soreness
-Vaginal rash
-Thick, white, odor-free vaginal discharge with a cottage cheese appearance
-Watery vaginal discharge

CAUSES
The fungus Candida is a naturally occurring microorganism in the vaginal area. Lactobacillus bacteria keeps its growth in check.

If there’s an imbalance in your system, these bacteria won’t work effectively. This leads to an overgrowth of yeast, which causes the symptoms of vaginal yeast infections.

Overgrowth of yeast can result from:
-Antibiotic use, which causes an imbalance in natural vaginal flora
-Pregnancy
-Uncontrolled diabetes
-A weak immune system
-Poor eating habits, including a lot of sugary foods
-Hormonal imbalance near your menstrual cycle
-Stress
-Lack of sleep
-Taking oral contraceptives or hormone therapy that increase estrogen levels

RISK FACTORS
-Antibiotic use
-Increased estrogen levels
-Uncontrolled diabetes
-Impaired immune system

PREVENTION
-Wear cotton underwear
- Avoid tight-fitting pantyhose
-Avoid douching
-Avoid scented feminine products
-Avoid hot tubs and very hot baths
-Avoid unnecessary antibiotic use

DIAGNOSIS
-Medical history
-Pelvic exam
-Vaginal secretion treat

TREATMENT
Treatment depends on the severity and frequency of your infections.

For mild to moderate symptoms and infrequent episodes, :

-Short-course vaginal therapy. Taking an antifungal medication for three to seven days will usually clear a yeast infection.
-Single-dose oral medication.

If your symptoms are complicated, or you have frequent yeast infections, your doctor might recommend:

-Long-course vaginal therapy.
-Multidose oral medication
-Azole resistant therapy.

Dr Babajide Alalade
CEO, AsktheGynaecologist Nigeria
& ATG IVF Centre and Fertility Labs
CEO, Alalade Memorial Hospital
Nigeria's #1 Business and Success Coach
Host: MindMasters Series Podcast
MarketsTraderPro™️

#PelvicPainInPregnancy.

Topic: Pelvic Pain in Third Trimester

#Case

Hello doctors, what does a woman of 9months pregnancy needs to do as she feels pains all the time but the baby isn't coming, moreover, her EDD has 3 different dates? Please help.

#Response

Pregnancy takes a toll on your body system. Pain, discomfort and pressure are common complaints experienced by pregnant women. This can occur at any trimester. The pressure of the pregnant womb can lead to nonspecific pain, discomfort and pressure.

The pelvis is the area in the waist where the womb and other reproductive organs rest. Pain in the pelvis is not uncommon during pregnancy, so if your pelvis is aching, remember, you're not alone, there are as many as 80 percent of pregnant women who experience pelvic pain at some point, mostly in that final trimester of pregnancy.

During the last phase of pregnancy, the stress on the pelvic region is especially intense. Matter of fact, when the baby drops into the pelvic area in preparation for labor about two to four weeks before delivery (called lightening) the stress on the pelvis can be even more noticeable.

Please note, not all women will experience this, some will do so until they're in their first phases of labor). Pain in the pelvis can hit at almost any point in the pregnancy, and its impact can range from minor ache (a few twinges, or a general feeling of heaviness and stress in the pelvic region) to debilitating (a searing sensation that wraps around your back and causes your belly to ache).
At this point, it is very important to consult with your caregiver so the exact cause can be Pinpointed.

SO, HOW DO DIFFERENTIATE PELVIC PRESSURE FROM PAIN?

These two terms can often be misused! It's important to know the difference between pelvic pain and pelvic pressure.
Pain most times are due to stretching in the pelvic area, and can be transient and responsive to pain killers or change in position. However, pressure can be a signal of imminent labor, which begins with cervical effacement and dilation, after which comes labor.

Normally pelvic pressure in the pelvis and anal area feels like crampiness (similar to menstrual cramps) and groin pain, and it's often persistent with backache. Pelvic pain, on the other hand, can feel like wrenching pain and might / can affect your movement.

#CAUSES

As the baby grows and expand in the womb, it puts tension in the deeper areas of your pelvis. This is a process that prepares the woman for the birth experience.
Under normal circumstances, at 9 months, your baby’s head will press (hard) against your bladder, hips, and pelvis, and this can put an ever-increasing stress on the bones, joints and muscles in your pelvis and back, which can manifest as pain.

#Remedies

• Try some pelvic exercises like pelvic tilts, or relax with your hips elevated. (works like magic in some women).

• Take a warm bath (this might give you some relief especially from gravity's effect).

• Invest in a belly sling (a specially designed crisscrossed sling made of elastic fabric that supports the weight of your belly), also to lessen gravity's effect — ask your practitioner for recommendations or check online.

• Get a prenatal massage (Please, make sure your doctor approves of this and it must be with a therapist certified in treating pregnant women)

• Acupuncture is an increasingly popular way to alleviate all kinds of pregnancy ills, including pelvic pain.

• Talk to your practitioner about pregnancy-safe pain relievers or muscle relaxants if pain is severe.

The most reliable EDD is the one given by ultrasound, so please stick with that!
Thank you

ATG Group

Reference & Photo Credit

http://www.whattoexpect.com

Sassy256:
But I walk a lot here o, It's well. I've picked a couple things I can apply from this Ur advice. Thanks ma

me have not been really walking due to too much tiredness and heaviness.God help me

Sassy256:
Mama's my mouth don close ooo
Can't sit comfortably, can't walk well, sleep nko?
Plus my midwife is saying my baby is big already @34 weeks
Please what can I do at this stage to control his weight? I hardly even have appetite so I wonder where the big size is coming from

am in the same shoes as urs ,was told the baby weight is much for his gestation age. .I was advise to eat more healthy, eating early before 7pm, more vegetables and fruits in my diet.to stop sugary drinks and tea until I give birth and excerising more like walking.

Ogiq:
Mamas in the house, join me thank God.

Scan revealed TRIPLETS ooooooo.

I am both super excited and scared.

We are just beginning and it’s a long road ahead.

We did IVF.

Kindly recommend good centres that manage multiple birth pregnancies very well especially around Ikeja/ Berger/ Maryland axis.

Thanks

congratulations,I key into this miracle for my sis

GESTATIONAL DIABETES
#atggestationaldiabetes

Gestational diabetes is diabetes diagnosed for the primary time during pregnancy (gestation).
Gestational diabetes affects how your cells use sugar (glucose). Gestational diabetes causes high blood glucose that may affect your pregnancy and your baby's health.

Controlling blood glucose can keep you and your baby healthy and prevent a difficult delivery.

In women with gestational diabetes, blood glucose usually returns to normal soon after delivery. But if you've had gestational diabetes, you are more at risk of getting type 2 diabetes. you will need to be tested for changes in blood glucose more often.

SYMPTOMS

For most women, gestational diabetes doesn't cause noticeable signs or symptoms. Possible symptoms are increased thirst and more-frequent urination.

CAUSES

Researchers don't yet know why some women get gestational diabetes and some others don't.

-Excess weight before pregnancy
-Change in hormonal levels

DIAGNOSIS

If you're at average risk of gestational diabetes, you'll need a screening test during your second trimester; between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy.

If you're at high risk of diabetes , the doctor may request for a diabetes test early in pregnancy, likely at your first prenatal visit.

Screening tests is typically a glucose tolerance test.

RISK FACTORS

Some women have a greater risk of gestational diabetes. Risk factors for gestational diabetes include the following:

-Overweight and obesity.

-A lack of physical activity.

-Previous gestational diabetes or prediabetes.

-Polycystic ovary syndrome.

-Family history of diabetes

-Previously delivering a baby weighing over 4.1kg (9 pounds).

-Race: Women who are Black, American Indian and Asian American have the next risk of developing gestational diabetes.

COMPLICATIONS

Complications that will affect the baby

-Excessive birth weight. more than normal glucose in mothers can cause their babies to grow overlarge. Very large babies ; people who weigh 9 pounds or more are more likely to become wedged within the passageway, have birth injuries or need a C-section birth.

-Early (preterm) birth. Early delivery could also be needed because the baby is large.

-Breathing difficulties: Babies may experience respiratory distress syndrome.

-Obesity and type 2 diabetes later in life: Babies have a higher risk of developing obesity and type 2 diabetes later in life.

-Stillbirth Untreated gestational diabetes may end up in a baby's death either before or shortly after birth.

Complications that will affect mother

-High blood pressure and preeclampsia.

-Having a surgical delivery

-Future diabetes

PREVENTION

There are not any guarantees but you must practice healthy habits before pregnancy.

-Eat healthy foods- i.e foods high in fiber and low in fat and calories. Also control your portion sizes.

-Keep active, Exercise

-Start pregnancy at a healthy weight

Don't gain an excessive amount of weight during pregnancy is normal and healthy.

TREATMENT

-Lifestyle changes: how you eat and your exercise to assist maintain weight gain. Maintain a healthy weight by choosing a healthy diet and regular exercising (physical activity).

-Blood sugar monitoring: your health care team will ensure a blood glucose check for a minimum of four times every day I.e. very first thing within the morning and after meals, to make sure the sugar level stays within a healthy range.

-Medications, if necessary, insulin injections.

Dr Babajide Alalade
CEO, AsktheGynaecologist Nigeria
& ATG IVF Centre and Fertility Labs
CEO, Alalade Memorial Hospital
Nigeria's #1 Business and Success Coach
Host: MindMasters Series Podcast
MarketsTraderPro™️
#DrAlaladeSpeaks
Jidoba.com
BabajideAlalade.com
#AtgAlalade
Happy salah holidays

#ATGLaborInductionVsLaborAugmentation

Labor induction Vs Labor Augmentation ( Compare and Contrast)

Labor heralds the end of pregnancy. Prior to this process the cervix (lower portion of the womb) normally becomes soft (ripe) and begins to open (dilate) and thin (efface), preparing for labor and delivery. However, when labor does not start naturally and vaginal delivery needs to happen soon, labor may be started artificially (induced).

When labor is induced for medical reasons, it is usually because it's safer for you to have the baby now rather than risk further problems from staying pregnant.

Normally your labor may be induced for one of the following reasons:

1. Your pregnancy has gone 1 to 2 weeks past the estimated due date.
2. You have a condition (such as high blood pressure, placenta disorders, infection, lung disease, preeclampsia, or diabetes) that may threaten your health or the health of your baby if the pregnancy continues.
3. Your water (amniotic sac) has broken but active labor contractions have not started.
4. Your baby has a condition that needs treatment, and the risks of vaginal delivery are low.
5. Fyi, induction and vaginal delivery are not attempted if the baby may be harmed or is in immediate danger. In such cases, a cesarean delivery (C-section) is usually done.

Ways to induce labor

There are several ways to induce labor contractions.
1. Medicine may be used to soften the cervix and help it thin
2. Medicine may be used to cause the uterus to contract.
3. A balloon catheter (such as a Foley catheter) may be used to help the cervix open.

4. If your cervix is soft and slightly open, sweeping the membranes or rupturing the amniotic sac (amniotomy) may start or increase contractions.

Sometimes however, the process of active labor may start, but may be stalled. In this situation, an active labor has started on its own but for some reasons, contractions have slowed down or completely stopped, steps need to be taken to help labor progress (augmentation).

Augmentation will be done when:
1. Active labor has started, but your contractions are weak or irregular or have stopped completely.
2. You have gone into active labor, but the amniotic sac has not ruptured on its own. In this case, your doctor or nurse midwife may rupture the amniotic sac (amniotomy) to augment labor. If labor still does not progress, oxytocin (Pitocin) may be given to make the uterus (womb) contract.
3. Active labor has started and the amniotic sac has ruptured on its own, but labor still is not progressing. Oxytocin (Pitocin) may be given to make the uterus contract

Even though inducing labor and augmentation are fairly common practice, we encourage women to learn about it and about the medicine for stimulating a stalled labor (augmentation) so that the women can help decide what is right for them.

Reference

WebMd.

~ ATG Group

BellaLuce:
Abuja mamas, please which hospital is best for antenatal/delivery. Government hospitals especially. Good evening mamas

depending on your location.i will advice to choose the one closer to your home.Am using garki hospital now,and am enjoying the service there so far

Minmin2323:
Good evening everyone,I just registered today but I have been a ghost viewer since January when I took it, please add me to the September team,EDD is september 27(according to the very first scan I did)

you are welcome to the team

#ATGMalariainPregnancy

Touching Malaria in Pregnancy

Prevention :
The national policy on malaria control recommends use of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (IPT-SP) for chemoprophylaxis against malaria in pregnancy;

Treatment :
The use of quinine and arthemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) for acute treatment of malaria in the first, and second/third trimesters.

Contraindicated anti malarials in pregnancy includes :
Anti-malaria drugs such as primaquine, halofantine, mefloquine, etc., are contraindicated in pregnancies and thus not recommended.

References: NIH

#teamaskthegynaecologist
#IPT #ATGIPT

UmmuFarrah:
Sex is XX ma. I wonder why it wasn't indicated in the result. Was thinking I should be shown the genital sef to see for myself. The sonographer just dey do everything rush rush. I intend to go confirm somewhere else jare. Thanks ma. We're fine

okay

Happy new month!
We pray for favours in the month of july.
Teamie hope the back pain and heaviness is not telling on us too much.The lord is our strength.
Counting down 2 more months to go!
May the Lord see us through the remainings days and may we deliver safely!
Team September roll call
NAME.....................EDD....................SEX

1.omotolanibaby...Sept14..XY(boy)
2. Flourishing19... Sept 29....xy(boy)
3.Mr HighSea..... sept 7... unknown
4.1stymom... sept 2 ... XX(girl)
5.nahzyla ....sept 25... unknown
6.suzzyrims.......sept 16.... unknown
7.Ummufarrah......sept 21.... XX(girl)
8.teebee22........sept 15..... XY(boy)
9.ohfenrami .....sept 29.... unknown
10.heebah.……..sept 22...... XY(boy)
11.firstpregnancy.....sept 19..... XX(girl)
12.minmin2323......sept 27 .... unknown

N.B if I omitted your name, edd or baby's gender please notify me

Flourishing19:
Cappo, kindly update sex to XY. May God make the carriage and delivery of these our LOs easy for us.

Sabi mamas in the house, should I be concerned that baby is in transverse lie at exactly 28 weeks? Thanks in advance for your response.

ok

EATING RIGHT DURING PREGNANCY

Eat Healthy for you and Your Baby
#ATGHealthyEating #ATGWeightGainInPregnancy

Making a baby is hard work for a woman's body. Eating right is one of the best things you can do to help your baby grow and develop normally.

Eating a balanced, healthy diet can help prevent:

• Too much weight gain
• Gestational diabetes
• The chance of needing a C-section
• Anemia and infections in the mother
• Poor healing
• An early birth of the baby
• A low birth-weight baby

�Eating for two
The amount of healthy weight gain in pregnancy varies. These are general guidelines:
• Normal total weight gain for a healthy woman is 25 to 35 pounds (11 to 16 kilograms).
• Overweight women should gain only 10 to 20 pounds (4 to 9 kilograms) during pregnancy.
• Underweight women or women with multiples (twins or more) should gain 35 to 45 pounds (16 to 20 kilograms) in pregnancy.
Ask your health care provider how much weight you should gain.

Eating for two does not mean eating twice as much food. Pregnant women need about 300 extra calories a day. But, where these calories come from matters.

• If you eat sweets or junk food, the extra calories do not provide the nutrients your baby needs.
As a result, your growing baby will get the vitamins and minerals it needs from your own body. Your health could suffer.
Instead of junk food, choose foods that are:

�High in protein
�Rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fats and lower in trans fat and saturated fats.
�Low in sugar (sugar provides only empty calories) or refined carbohydrates
�high in fiber

Other nutrients your baby needs are:

�Calcium, for healthy growth.
�Iron, for the baby's blood supply. It also prevents anemia in the mother.
�Folic acid, for reducing the risk for spina bifida (incomplete closing of the spinal column), anencephaly (defect of the brain), and other birth defects.

�What to eat

Eating a well-rounded diet with all of the right nutrients and getting at least 30 minutes of exercise per day is important for a healthy pregnancy.

For most normal-weight pregnant women, the right amount of calories is:
• About 1,800 calories per day during the first trimester
• About 2,200 calories per day during the second trimester
• About 2,400 calories per day during the third trimester

✔️Bread, cereal, rice, and pasta:
Eat 9 to 11 servings a day.
These foods give you carbohydrates. They turn into energy for your body and for your baby's growth.
Whole-grain and fortified products have folic acid and iron.

✔️Vegetables:
Vegetables are a good source of vitamins A and C, folic acid, iron, and magnesium.
Eat 4 to 5 servings a day.
Try to get at least 2 of your daily servings from green, leafy vegetables.

✔️Fruit:
Eat 3 to 4 servings a day.
Fruit gives you vitamins A and C, potassium, and fiber. Choose fresh fruits and juices. They are better for you than frozen or canned fruits. Eat plenty of vitamin C-rich foods, like citrus fruits, melons, and berries. Try to avoid juices that have sugar or sweeteners added.

✔️Milk, yogurt, and cheese:
Eat 3 servings a day.
Dairy products are a great source of protein, calcium, and phosphorus. If you need to limit calories and cholesterol, choose nonfat dairy products.

✔️Meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts:
Eat 3 servings a day.
Foods from this group are good sources of B vitamins, protein, iron, and zinc.

✔️Fats and oils
You need moderate amounts of fat in your diet for you and your growing baby. Fats provide long-term energy for growth and are needed for brain development. Women with special diet needs should plan their meals carefully to make sure they get the nutrition they need. Talk to your provider or a dietitian if you have a special diet, such as:
• Vegetarian or vegan
• Lactose intolerant
• Gluten-free

Fluids and Vitamins

Pregnant women should also drink plenty of fluids. Avoid drinks with caffeine and sugar. Ask your provider how much fluid you should get each day.
You should also take a prenatal vitamin that has folic acid, iron, and the other vitamins and minerals that all women need.

Dr Esther Oluwadeyi
ATG Group
Culled from medlineplus.gov

Pweetiebabe:
Good day mamas, PLS how safe is Lonart or Coartem or Amatem in the 2nd trimester(23weeks). I have been down with body pain since weekend but Catarrh and Cough with headache and Cold come join(only in this my small body) .. I chatted with d Consultant on d Whatsapp group they open for us @ ANC(badagry GH). The Dr ask me to get either of those drugs with Piriton and Paracetamol. So I want to know how safe they are

I was given piriton for my cough too at my hospital ,last month too.so far no negative reaction and my cough is gone.

♨️♨️Breech presentation in Pregnancy

#ATGbreechpregnancy

#breech

What is breech?

When your baby is described as being breech what it means is that your baby is lying bottom first or feet first in the womb (uterus) instead of in the usual head first position. Most babies would be in breech position in early pregnancy, and in early pregnancy the breech position is very common. As the pregnancy progresses the fetus (growing baby) usually turns naturally into the head (cephalic) first position.

Most importantly, between 37 and 42 weeks (term), most babies are lying head first ready to be born.

It is important to know that, 3 out of every 100 (3%) babies are breech at the end of pregnancy. A breech baby may be lying in one of the following positions:

1. Frank/extended breech

2. Flexed breech

3. Footling breech

See diagrams below for full description.


Why are some babies breech?

The reason behind babies being breech is not understood in all cases, it could just be a matter of chance, and why they remain in the breech position may not fully be known.

Some babies are in breech position due to clear stated and known reasons, therefore making it difficult for a baby to turn during pregnancy to the head down position.

For example the following reasons may predispose a baby to breech position,

1. If there is an excessive or very little amount of fluid (amniotic fluid) in the womb,

2. the position of the placenta, if the placenta is low in the womb, it could prevent the baby from turning head down (cephalic),

3. If there is more than one baby in the womb (twins, triplets or more), there is a higher chance of one or the babies being in breech position.

4. It the growing baby has an abnormality (like a cystic mass) it could also increase the chances of breech occurring.

It is important to note that most of breech babies are born healthy. For a few babies, breech may be a sign of a problem with the baby. All babies will have a newborn examination.



What can be done?

When you get to 36 weeks gestation and your growing baby is in a breech position, your obstetrician (doctor) or midwife should ideally discuss with you external cephalic version (ECV) which literally means (turning a breech baby in the womb), #externalcephalicversion

What are my choices for birth?

Depending on your situation, the available options for delivery in a breech presentation are:

1. Caesarean section delivery: this is a type of surgical operation where a cut is made in your abdomen and your baby is delivered through that cut,



2. Vaginal breech birth: where the baby is delivery in the breech position, some women would not prefer this and may opt for C/section.

There are benefits and risks associated with both caesarean delivery and vaginal breech birth and these would be discussed between you and your obstetrician and/or midwife, so that you could make an informed decision.

For example, if you have had a previous c/section and you now has a breech pregnancy, you would be advised to go for c/section, as ECV is not done on ‘previous c/section uterus’.


Caesarean delivery: Most respected reviews suggested that caesarean delivery is safer for the breech baby around the time of birth.

However, caesarean delivery carries a slightly higher risk for you, compared with the risk of having a vaginal breech birth, and it is important to note that Caesarean delivery does not carry any long-term risks to your health outside of pregnancy.

In a case where a patient chooses a caesarean delivery and then go into labour before the due date of the operation, your doctor (obstetrician) would assess the safest mode of delivery and whether to proceed with the caesarean delivery. Please kindly understand the reasons behind the doctors chosen method (as it is for your safety and the safety of your unborn child). There is no taboo in having a c/section, please.

In some cases, if the baby is close to being born, it may be safer for you to have a vaginal breech birth.

Vaginal breech birth: in some cases vaginal breech birth could be the ideal choice for some women and their unborn baby in expert hands. Every pregnancy is different and it may not be recommended as safe in all circumstances. Vaginal breech is a more complicated type of delivery, as the largest part of the baby is last to be delivered (in a breech presentation) and in some cases this may be difficult.

Vaginal breech delivery could be chosen in the following circumstances:

1. The person conducting the delivery is skilled and has the appropriate experience in delivering breech baby vaginally,

2. There are adequate facilities at the hospital for an emergency caesarean delivery (should this be necessary), this is a possibility,

3. There are no other obvious reasons why a vaginal breech delivery could be considered unsafe.

If your obstetrician determines the following in your case, s/he may advise against vaginal breech delivery;

1. your baby is a footling breech

your baby is large (over 3800 grams)
your baby is small (less than 2000 grams)
you have had a caesarean delivery in a previous pregnancy
you have a narrow pelvis (as there is less room for the baby to pass safely
through the birth canal)
your baby is in a certain position: for example, if the neck is very tilted back (hyper-extended) you have a low-lying placenta if there other medical problems in pregnancy like pre-eclampsia (blood pressure complications in pregnancy)

What you need to know.

Most form of pain relief used in used in normal delivery are ideal with vaginal breech delivery; in some circumstances, you may need an emergency caesarean delivery during labour.

Forceps may be used to assist the baby to be born in vaginal breech deliveries, as the head of the baby is the last part to emerge and may need to be helped through the birth canal.

In an ideal situation a paediatrician will attend the birth to check the baby as soon as the baby is born.

In cases where there are twins on board, for example if you have twins and the first baby is breech, your doctor (obstetrician) would usually recommend a caesarean section. The position of the second twin before labour is less important at this stage because this baby can change position as soon as the first twin is born. The second baby then has lots more room to move.

In areas where access to c/section may be difficult the skills met of conducting a vaginal breech delivery could be a real saving grace.

Dr. Jay
MB BS Lagos, DRCOG, DFSRH, MPH Indiana, RICR, FRSPH, PhD (c) Indiana

dacblogger:
Let her add not much weight so it will be easy to push her out.
Heard about taking Lipton to reduce baby's weight. Does anyone know anything about it?

#ATGMyths

Is it good to take Lipton tea during pregnancy?to reduce the weight of your baby,if yes , what quantity?

#Response

Completely fallacious. There is no association between lipton tea and the weight of your baby.
Lipton tea is a type of beverage, you can take that, but you MUST be careful with the caffeine level.
But Lipton tea will not have any effect on the weight of your baby!

#atgteam

#Memberscorner

1. Yes it has nothing to do with the baby weight I took it all through out my pregnancy and my baby is fine and healthy

2. I abused Lipton in my first pregnancy for the fear of having a big baby. I ended up with wounds, now I have ulcer attack from time to time.

When my doctor found out I was seriously taking Lipton without milk, d man really Para for me

babsjummy:
Thank you

you are welcome

DISCOMFORTS IN PREGNANCY

NAUSEA AND VOMITING
Occurs in the first trimester. Caused by elevated levels of human chronic gonadotropin and changes in carbohydrate metabolism

WHAT TO DO
-eat dry foods like cereal, toast or crackers before getting out of bed
-Avoid brushing your teeth immediately after arising
-Easy small frequent low fat meals during the day.
-Drink liquid between meals rather than after meals.
-Avoid fried foods and spicy foods.

SYNCOPE
Usually occur in the first trimester.
It may be triggered hormonally or caused by the increased blood volume, anaemia, sudden position changes, fatigue or lying supine.

WHAT TO DO
-sit with feet elevated
-change position slowly
-change your position to the lateral recumbent to releive the pressure of the uterus on the inferior vena cava.

URINARY URGENCY AND FREQUENCY
It is caused by the pressure of the uterus on the bladder.

WHAT TO DO
-Drink adequate amount of liquid during the day.
-limit fluid intake in the evening
-sleep side lying at night
-wear perineal pads if necessary
-perform Kegel exercises

HEADACHES
Results from changes in blood volume and vascular tone

WHAT TO DO:
-Put an ice pack on your forehead or the back of your neck.
-Rest, sit, or lie quietly in a low-lit room. Close your eyes and try to relax your back, neck, and shoulders.
-Eat slowly
- Use acetominophen only if prescribed by the doctor or midwife.

BLEEDING AND SWOLLEN GUMS
This is caused by blood circulation and hormone levels.

WHAT TO DO
-Get a dental checkup early in your pregnancy to make sure your teeth and mouth are healthy.
-Brush your teeth, floss regularly and rinse daily with an antiseptic mouthwash.

CONSTIPATION
Results from decreased intestinal motility, displacements of the intestines, and taking iron supplements.

WHAT TO DO
-eat high fiber foods
-drink sufficient fluid
-exercise regularly
-avoid laxative except prescribed.


PREGNANCY DIZZINESS (FEELING FAINT)
Dizziness can occur anytime during middle to late pregnancy. Here's why it happens:

Caused by a drop in blood pressure, especially when changing positions -- and that can make you dizzy. If your blood sugar levels get too low, you may feel faint.

WHAT TO DO:

-Move around often when standing for long periods of time.
- Lie on your left side to rest. This helps circulation throughout your body.
-Avoid sudden movements. Move slowly when standing from a sitting position.
-Eat regular, small meals.
-Drink plenty of water.


HEARTBURN OR INDIGESTION
Results from increased progesterone levels, decreased gastrointestinal motility, and esophagal reflux and displacement of the stomach by the enlarging uterus.

WHAT TO DO:
-Eat slowly.
-Eat small, frequent meals
-Drink warm liquids.
-Drink milk between meals
-Use antacids only when posting by the doctor


HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are swollen veins that appear as painful lumps on the anus. During pregnancy, they may form as a result of increased circulation and pressure on the rectum and vagina from your growing baby.

WHAT TO DO:
-Try to avoid constipation. Constipation can cause hemorrhoids and will make them more painful.
-Avoid sitting or standing for long periods of time; change your position frequently.
-Don't strain during a bowel movement.
-Sit on a soft pillow
- Apply ice packs or cold compresses to the area or take a warm bath a few times a day to provide relief.
-increase exercise such as walking
-If you still need more help, consult your health care provider.

VARICOSE VEINS
Results from weakening walls of the veins it valves and venous congestion.

WHAT TO DO:
-wear supportive hose
-Avoid standing or sitting in one place for long periods.
-Avoid remaining in any position that might restrict the circulation in your legs (such as crossing your legs while sitting).
-Elevate your legs and feet while sitting.
-Exercise regularly.
-Lie with the get and hip elevated

Pregnancy Leg Cramps
Pressure from your growing uterus can cause leg cramps or sharp pains down your legs.

WHAT TO DO:
-Be sure to eat and drink foods that are rich in calcium (such as milk, broccoli or cheese).
-Wear comfortable, low-heeled shoes.
-Try wearing support hose, but avoid any leg wear that is too tight.
- Elevate your legs when possible; avoid crossing your legs.
- Exercise daily.
- Stretch your legs before going to bed.
- Massage the cramp or apply heat or a hot water bottle to the sore area.

BREAST TENDERNESS
It is caused by levels of estrogen and progesterone.

WHAT TO DO
-wear a supportive bra
-Avoid the use of soap on the nipple and areola area to prevent drying

INCREASED VAGINAL DISCHARGE
Caused by hyperplasia of vagina mucosa and increased mucus production.

WHAT TO DO
-Avoid douching
-proper cleansing and hygiene
-wear cotton underwear
-Consult your doctor if Infection is suspected

NASAL STIFFNESS
This results from increased estrogen, which causes swelling of the nasal tissue and dryness.

WHAT TO DO
-use humidifier
-avoid nasal sprays or antihistamines

FATIGUE
Usually results from hormonal changes

WHAT TO DO
-rest frequently
-Do regular exercises that are muscle relaxing and strengthening for the hip and leg joints
-Avoid eating and drinking foods that contains stimulants throughout the entire pregnancy.

Dr Babajide Alalade
CEO, AsktheGynaecologist Nigeria
& ATG IVF Centre and Fertility Labs
CEO, Alalade Memorial Hospital

#ATGHeadachesDuringPregnancy

Topic: Headaches during pregnancy

#Intro

1. Headaches are one of the most common discomforts experienced during pregnancy.

2. Headaches may occur at any time during your pregnancy, but they tend to be most common during the first and third trimesters.

3. Women who have regular migraine headaches may discover that they experience fewer migraines during pregnancy; however, some women may encounter the same number or even more migraine headaches.

4. If you are pregnant, it is important to talk to your health care provider about any medications that you may be taking for headaches.

#Causes

What causes headaches during pregnancy?

· During the first trimester, your body experiences a surge of hormones and an increase in blood volume.

· These two changes can cause more frequent headaches.

· These headaches may be further aggravated by stress, poor posture or changes in your vision.

· Headaches during the third trimester tend to be related more often to poor posture and tension from carrying extra weight.

· Headaches during the third trimester may also be caused by a condition called preeclampsia, which is high blood pressure during pregnancy.

Other causes of headaches during pregnancy may involve one or more of the following:

Lack of sleep
Low blood sugar
Dehydration
Caffeine withdrawal
Stress (due to many changes)

#Management

What can you do to treat headaches during pregnancy?

The best way to deal with headaches is to avoid them altogether.

Avoiding tension headaches is easiest when you follow these tips:

Practice good posture (especially during the third trimester)
Get plenty of rest and relaxation
Exercise
Eat well-balanced meals
Apply cold or heat packs to your head
If you are not able to prevent headaches, there are still steps you can take to help them go away. During pregnancy, you want to try and relieve your headache by natural means if possible.

Pain relief medications such as aspirin and ibuprofen are not recommended in most pregnancies; however, acetaminophen may be recommended by your health care provider.

#Remedies

Natural remedies:

Warm compress around your eyes and nose, If you have a sinus headache,
Apply a cold compress or ice pack at the base of your neck. If you have a tension headache,
Maintain your blood sugar by eating smaller, more frequent meals – this may also help prevent future headaches
Get a massage – massaging your shoulders and neck is an effective way to relieve pain
Rest in a dark room and practice deep breathing
Take a warm shower or bath
Applying heat or cold to the sides of the head, the eyes, or along the back of the neck is one of the best ways to reduce or relieve the pain associated with a headache.
Heating pads and cold packs come in a variety of shapes and sizes, but most require using a microwave or the freezer first.

#Triggers

Potential triggers include:



Chocolate

Alcohol

Yogurt

Aged cheese

Peanuts

Breads with fresh yeast

#DoctorCall

When should you contact your health care provider?

Unfortunately, headaches are a normal part of pregnancy; however, you should be able to experience some relief.


Contact your health care provider:

Before taking any medications

If you do not experience any relief from the remedies above

Your headaches get worse or more persistent

You experience headaches that are different than normal

Your headaches are accompanied by blurry vision, sudden weight gain, pain in the upper right abdomen, and swelling in the hands and face

Thank you

~ ATG Group

Reference & Photo Credit

American Pregnancy Association

Mayo clinic

DIY Life Martini.

PAIN MANAGEMENT IN PREGNANCY
#ATGParacetamol #ATGIbuprofen #ATGNSAIDS

Paracetamol in pregnancy
When you're pregnant, paracetamol, is usually the best choice for treating mild to moderate pain or a fever.
But it's a good idea to get advice from your GP, midwife or pharmacist before taking any medicine when you're pregnant.

Ibuprofen in pregnancy

Pregnant women are generally advised to avoid taking ibuprofen. Paracetamol is recommended as a safer choice when you're pregnant.

Don't take ibuprofen from 30 weeks of pregnancy onwards
Ibuprofen shouldn't be used when you're 30 or more weeks pregnant, unless it's on the advice of a doctor.
This is because taking ibuprofen at this stage of pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of complications, including a heart problem in your baby and a reduced amount of amniotic fluid.

Before 30 weeks of pregnancy, avoid taking ibuprofen
It's best to avoid taking ibuprofen in the first 30 weeks of pregnancy, unless the benefits outweigh the potential risk to your unborn baby.
This is because taking ibuprofen in the first 30 weeks of pregnancy may lead to an increased risk of complications, including miscarriage.
Make sure you talk to your GP, midwife or pharmacist about the potential benefits and risks before taking ibuprofen in the first 6 months of pregnancy.

What if I have already taken ibuprofen?

If you have taken ibuprofen occasionally before you were 30 weeks pregnant, it's unlikely to have affected your unborn baby.
If you have taken ibuprofen after you were 30 weeks pregnant, let your GP or midwife know, as your baby's wellbeing in the womb will need to be assessed.

Baseline:
Avoid medicines during pregnancy
It's best to avoid taking medicines when you're pregnant, particularly during the first 3 months.
Colds and minor aches and pains often don't need to be treated with medicines.
If you feel that you need to take medicines, talk to your midwife or GP first.

When taking any type of medicine during pregnancy, you should use the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible time.
If the recommended dose doesn't control your symptoms or you're often in pain, see your midwife or GP for advice.

Treat every drug as a potential poison!

Dr Esther Oluwadeyi
ATG Group Nigeria

Excerpt and adapted from NHS.uk

teebee22:
Pls correct mine. Xy (boy).

Happy new month!
We pray for favours in the month of july.
Teamie hope the back pain and heaviness is not telling on us too much.The lord is our strength.
Counting down 2 more months to go!
May the Lord see us through the remainings days and may we deliver safely!
Team September roll call
NAME.....................EDD....................SEX

1.omotolanibaby...Sept14..XY(boy)
2. Flourishing19... Sept 29....xy(boy)
3.Mr HighSea..... sept 7... unknown
4.1stymom... sept 2 ... XX(girl)
5.nahzyla ....sept 25... unknown
6.suzzyrims.......sept 16.... unknown
7.Ummufarrah......sept 21.... unknown
8.teebee22........sept 15..... XY(boy)
9.ohfenrami .....sept 29.... unknown
10.heebah.……..sept....... XY(boy)
11.firstpregnancy.....sept 19..... XX(girl)

N.B if I omitted your name, edd or baby's gender please notify me
C.c heebah?

teebee22:
Pls correct mine. Xy (boy).

okay

CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE NUTRITION FOR PREGNANCY

#atgnutritioninpregnancy

Studies revealed that less than 50% of pregnant women meet the recommendations for dietary guidelines in pregnancy.

Women should be advised to take a daily supplement of 400 micrograms (400µg/0.4mg) folic acid at least 4-12 weeks prior to conception and during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy.

Iron, calcium, vitamin D and long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are particularly important nutrients throughout pregnancy.

Starchy carbohydrates, such as whole grains and fibre rich foods including breads, cereals potatoes, pasta and rice, 6 or more servings* a day from this group;

(*Where one serving is 1 bowl of cereal, 1 slice of bread or 1 medium potato • Fruit and vegetables, at least 5 or more servings a day; 1 serving is 1 medium sized fruit e.g. 1 apple or 3 dessert spoons of vegetables.)

Dairy Foods which includes milk, cheese and yoghurt, 3 servings a day from this group; 1 serving is 125g yoghurt, 25g of cheese or 200ml milk.

Protein Foods including Meat, poultry, fish, eggs or legumes, at least 2 servings a day: Where one portion is 50-75g (2 -3oz) cooked meat, 100g (4oz) fish, 2 eggs or 6 dessert spoons beans.

Fats and oils are needed in small amounts , limit to 2 portions a day: one portion is 1 heaped teaspoon of spread. In addition 1 teaspoon per person of oil can be added in cooking (rapeseed oil or olive oil).

FOOD TO AVOID****Foods high in Fat and sugar should be avoided.

Macronutrients
Adequate energy intake is essential to promote full development potential of the unborn baby, while providing adequate energy for the mother.

Inadequate maternal energy intake will result in reduced maternal weight gain during pregnancy, which in turn may result in restricted fetal growth and later infant development.

Inadequate weight gain during pregnancy is associated with small for gestational age infants and preterm delivery.

Conversely, excessive maternal weight during pregnancy is associated with large for gestational age infants, macrosomia (big babies usually more than 4.5kg on scan), a higher caesarean section risk, in addition to a greater incidence of neonatal infection, hypoglycaemia and respiratory distress.

Additionally, large for gestational age infants are at a greater risk of developing childhood obesity, and hence a wide range of metabolic complications in childhood and later life.

Furthermore, rates of miscarriage are higher in obese women, as is gestational diabetes, hypertension and deep vein thrombosis, gestational age babies in particular if they have other complications such as hypertension.

Energy requirements in pregnancy vary widely between individuals it has been estimated that women will require an additional 5% in the first trimester, 10% in the second trimester and 25% in the third trimester.

For those of us who like specific details, it is important to know that based on a well-nourished woman with a normal BMI this intake equates to an additional 70kcal per day in the 1st trimester, 260 kcal per day in the second and 500kcal a day in the third trimester.

When choosing foods to increase energy intake, focus should be given to foods which are rich in essential vitamins and minerals such as milk and milk products, high fibre foods, lean red meat, omega-3-rich fish and fruits and vegetables.

Expectant mums should be encouraged to consume a diet which will meet all her recommended nutritional intakes, rather than focusing on energy intake alone.

Overweight or obese women should be encouraged to replace energy dense snacks with nutritious snacks.

Protein Protein is essential in the development of a healthy baby as it forms the structural basis for all new cells and tissues in the mother and fetus. It is important to ensure the adequate balance of protein to energy as high protein alone can cause harm to the fetus.

Balanced intake of energy and protein seems to improve fetal growth (Ota et al, 2012). However, evidence is emerging on the relationship between the type of protein and fetal growth. Consumption of processed meats (such as sausage, burgers and chicken nuggets) increases the risk of small for gestational age babies while fish and eggs seem to reduce the risk.

Choosing foods high in fat, salt and sugar, seems to further increase risk of small for gestational age baby.

Most women will meet their requirements for protein as the typical population intakes are adequate for pregnancy with two servings of protein a day.

Women who have experienced nausea or vomiting of pregnancy are likely to have reduced their intake of protein rich foods due to aversions resulting from vomiting in early pregnancy.

Vegetarian women should be encouraged to consume adequate protein sources during pregnancy by increasing their intake of foods rich in protein including beans, lentils, chick peas, tofu, dairy products and eggs.

Vegetarian women should be advised on the importance of adequate protein sources to ensure optimal intake of essential amino acids, for example combining cereals and legumes in a meal.

The adequacy of dietary iron intake should also be addressed within this group. Women following a vegan diet may need dietetic review to ensure nutritional adequacy.

Women from lower socioeconomic groups are at higher risk of inadequate protein intake due to the associated costs. They are also more likely to choose less expensive processed foods which would put them at risk of small for gestational age babies.

If purchased in a multiple supermarket, a healthy diet costs 15-30% of the household budget for a family of 4 living on social welfare.

Pregnant women should be encouraged to consume two portions of protein rich foods a day and avoid processed versions such as sausages, luncheon meats etc.

Fats Dietary fat is an important energy source, and provides and aids in the absorption of fat soluble vitamins. However, high fat diets should be avoided during pregnancy due to the risk of excessive weight gain.

Long chain Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are two important long chain omega-3 PUFA.
DHA in particular is important for the developing fetus and there is evidence to support DHA consumption in pregnancy. DHA has been linked to improved retinal development for the developing fetus (baby).

The best sources of DHA are trout, salmon, mackerel, artic char and sardines.

Certain types of fish can be a source of environmental contaminants such as methylmercury.

High levels of methylmercury may be harmful to the developing fetus. Therefore pregnant women should avoid the consumption of marlin, shark, ray and swordfish and limit consumption of tuna to one serving of fresh tuna (150g), or two 240g cans of tinned tuna per week.

Folate/ Folic acid Folate is a B vitamin which is referred to as folic acid in the synthetic form. A daily supplement of 400 micrograms (400µg/0.4mg) folic acid as recommended prior to conception and for the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, has been shown to help prevent neural tube defects (NTD‟s).

Women who have a family history of NTDs or pre-existing diabetes should be provided with a prescription of a higher dose of folic acid prior to conception through 12 weeks gestation.

For women taking anti-seizure medication the requirement for folic acid may be different and they should be advised to consult their doctor. I would advice they take folic acid 5mg up to 12 weeks in to their pregnancy.

Thus, women should continue to eat foods rich in folate and folic acid throughout their pregnancy. These include green leafy vegetables, citrus fruit, whole grains, legumes and foods fortified with folic acid such as breads and cereals.

Women suspected of iron deficiency should have a full blood count (FBC) and if possible serum ferritin checked. Symptoms of iron deficiency are similar to some common problems of pregnancy such as fatigue.

Adequate dietary calcium intake before and during early pregnancy may reduce the risk or severity of pre-eclampsia and therefore adequate dietary intake should be encouraged.

During pregnancy women should be advised to consume 3 portions of dairy or calcium-fortified alternatives daily (FSA).

Adolescent pregnant mothers may require additional calcium which is best achieved with 2 additional portions of dairy (5 total) per day.

A portion is one glass of milk (200 ml), one pot of yoghurt (~125 ml) or a matchbox-sized piece of cheddar cheese (28g).

Whole milk, low-fat and skimmed milk all contain relatively similar levels of calcium and fortified milk is typically fortified.

Vitamin D can also reduce risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes including pre-eclampsia in addition to the classical bone disorders of rickets and osteomalacia.

Vitamin D is found naturally in few foods; dietary sources of this fat soluble vitamin include flesh of fatty fish, some fish liver oils (however fish liver oil should be avoided in pregnancy), and eggs from hens fed vitamin D.

Foods fortified with vitamin D such as margarine, milk and cereals are a good source of vitamin D in the diet.

However, the consumption of vitamin D rich foods, such as oily fish is not widespread and a vitamin D supplement is likely to be needed by most women during pregnancy to meet the required intake.

Pregnant women should be advised to take a pregnancy suitable supplement containing 5µg of vitamin D (5 micrograms/ 200IU).

The recommendation for Vitamin D is 10µg (10 micrograms/ 400IU) a day during pregnancy and lactation.

Of note, the majority of over-the-counter antenatal multivitamins contain 10 µg (10 micrograms/ 400IU) of vitamin D, therefore if a woman chooses to take a pregnancy multivitamin she will not require additional vitamin D supplementation.

If there is a history of rickets in a sibling or a known maternal vitamin D deficiency, a higher treatment dose‟ is warranted as the neonatal serum Vitamin D will be 60% of the maternal level, and both adequate maternal and neonatal serum levels are positively associated with bone health in childhood and later life .

Foods to Avoid
Caffeine: Caffeine is a mildly addictive stimulant which is found naturally occurring in foods and drinks such as coffee, tea and cocoa.

Caffeine is also used as an additive in soft drinks, energy drinks, some chewing gums and medications.

It is therefore possible that pregnant and lactating women may consume excessive caffeine from multiple sources.

Women are advised to limit caffeine to less than 200mg per day, which equates to 2-4 mugs of tea or 2 cups of coffee or 1000ml cola or 500ml energy drink or 4 bars of chocolate.

Caution should also be taken when prescribing medications that contain caffeine.

Vitamin A During pregnancy dietary intakes of vitamin A (retinol equivalent) greater than 7,000 micrograms may be teratogenic leading to an increased risk of congenital malformations.

Therefore, supplements containing pre-formed vitamin A, should be avoided. Due to the high levels of vitamin A contained in liver and liver products, e.g. cod liver oil, these foods should also be avoided.

Beta carotene is a precursor of Vitamin A (retinol) and is not harmful in pregnancy. Many food supplements will contain beta carotene as their source of Vitamin A.

To prevent food-borne illness, women should be advised to:

• Ensure eggs are cooked thoroughly, avoid soft eggs or raw eggs e.g. in mousse.

• Avoid un-pasteurised milk and any cheese or yoghurt made with unpasteurised milks.

• Avoid mould ripened cheese e.g. Camembert, Danish Blue, Brie, Stilton.

• Ensure all meat, fish and poultry is cooked throughout. Avoid smoked fish such as smoked salmon, cured and smoked meats e.g. salami.

• Wash all raw ingredients such as fruits, vegetables and pre-packed salads very well before eating.

• Keep raw and cooked meats separate, and use different knives, chopping boards and other kitchen utensils when preparing these foods to avoid cross-contamination.

• Ensure refrigerator temperature is below 5°C and put food in the refrigerator as quickly as possible. Freezer temperature should be below 18°C.

• Always wear gloves when gardening or changing cat litter, and always wash hands very well after these activities or handling animals or pets.

Dr. B. A. Alalade, MBBS DRCOG DFSRH RICR MPH Indiana University FRSPH
babajidealalade.com

Obstetrics & Gynaecology; Family, Sexual & Reproductive Health, Clinical Epidemiologist and Author

*Culled from the Institute of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists

suzzyrims:
Present ooo. Doctor said my baby is small o, please what can i do to increase baby's weight before delivery

learnt beverage like milo add to baby's weight,other sabi mama your attention is needed here

1stymom:
Cappo.. Happy New Month... No pain o except for heartburn which I am managing.. I am really enjoying the journey and hope it continues till delivery o... Sex update: xx

A big Amen to your prayers.. How are you too? So Happy that Sept is just at the corner.

lucky you,we are managing with heartburn here too.

Omakraid:
Our able lecturer, thanks for bringing these lectures to our doorstep here... Thanks mama

you are welcome sis