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 European Football (EPL, UEFA, La Liga) › Re: EPL Chatroom - All Discussions by DeepSight(m): 5:44pm On May 26 |
raumdeuter:Nah, APC has been far worse than PDP in power. 3 Likes |
| European Football (EPL, UEFA, La Liga) › Re: EPL Chatroom - All Discussions by DeepSight(m): 5:40pm On May 26 |
TemporaryHansel:The singular act of breaking up the coalition has shown me how small minded Obi is. And selfish. And lacking in wisdom and strategic thinking. 5 Likes 1 Share |
| European Football (EPL, UEFA, La Liga) › Re: EPL Chatroom - All Discussions by DeepSight(m): 5:34pm On May 26 |
BlueRayDick:Everyone knows in their heart of hearts it has gotten worse, even Tinubu and his core supporters all know this. 6 Likes |
| Politics › Re: You Can’t Defeat A Status Quo By Splitting Into Different Groups — Sam Amadi by DeepSight(m): 4:03pm On May 26 |
Afriifa:You have said it all. 1 Like |
| Politics › Re: Pantami Joins PDP, Emerges PDP Governorship Candidate by DeepSight(m): 2:52pm On May 26 |
WizardOfNG:How shameful. This shows that people like you are the real problem of this country. Just imagine. And always sounding so sanctimonious at good governance. Look at who you are celebrating. Filthy. Gutter. No class. 2 Likes |
| Politics › Re: Pantami Joins PDP, Emerges PDP Governorship Candidate by DeepSight(m): 2:48pm On May 26 |
WizardOfNG:Do good leaders appoint Abacha's bag man Atiku Bagudu as Minister of Budget? |
| Politics › Re: How Did APC Record More Votes In Primaries Than In 2023 Elections? by DeepSight(m): 9:46am On May 26 |
helinues:Does that account for skipping from 100 to 9000 during counting? |
| Foreign Affairs › Re: American Politics Thread: Trump Is The 47th President! by DeepSight(m): 9:42am On May 26 |
anonimi:Thank you for that question. I am writing an article on that exactly and will make it the subject of a thread here. In other words, I mean - Allow me to proffer my most profound, unfeigned gratitude for the intellectual stimulation engendered by your exceedingly pertinent, perspicacious inquiry. It may interest your sensibilities to learn that I am currently immersed in the laborious, painstaking composition of an analytical treatise addressing precisely this selfsame, idiosyncratic subject matter. Furthermore, it is my distinct, unyielding intention to subsequently transmute these impending, labyrinthine literary endeavors into a comprehensive, multi-part digital chronicle—a sequential, grand tapestry of dialectic discourse, if you will—to be meticulously unfurled upon this very electronic forum for the collective edification, cogitation, and intellectual enrichment of all assembled.  5 Likes 1 Share |
| Foreign Affairs › Re: American Politics Thread: Trump Is The 47th President! by DeepSight(m): 8:01am On May 26 |
MODERN EXAMPLES (POST CIVIL RIGHTS ACT) While the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 dismantled de jure (legal) segregation, the modern era since 1970 has seen the emergence of policies, institutional practices, and state-supported actions that have continued to disproportionately hinder the economic, social, and political progress of Black Americans. Here are ten prominent instances from the modern era: 1. The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 (The 100-to-1 Sentencing Disparity) Passed by Congress during the "War on Drugs," this federal legislation established a massive sentencing disparity between crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Possession of just five grams of crack (more prevalent in lower-income Black communities) triggered a mandatory minimum sentence of five years in federal prison, while it required 500 grams of powder cocaine (more prevalent in wealthier white communities) to trigger the same sentence. This state policy fueled mass incarceration and decimated generations of Black families and local economies. 2. State-Sanctioned "Stop-and-Frisk" Policies In the 1990s and 2000s, municipal governments—most notably in New York City—instituted aggressive policing policies that permitted officers to detain and search pedestrians based on vague standards of "reasonable suspicion." Federal court data later revealed that the overwhelming majority of those stopped were innocent Black and Latino men. The policy institutionalized racial profiling, disrupted daily life, and created systemic barriers to employment and education through arbitrary misdemeanor arrests. 3. Predatory Subprime Lending and Regulatory Failure (Pre-2008 Financial Crisis) During the 2000s housing boom, federal regulators (including the Federal Reserve and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency) failed to police discriminatory marketing by major financial institutions. Banks intentionally targeted stable Black neighborhoods with high-fee, high-risk subprime mortgages, even when the borrowers qualified for safer prime loans. When the market crashed in 2008, it triggered the largest loss of generational wealth for Black Americans in modern history. 4. Modern Voter Suppression Laws and the Gutting of the Voting Rights Act (2013–Present) Following the Supreme Court’s 2013 decision in Shelby County v. Holder, which struck down the federal oversight provision of the Voting Rights Act, dozens of state legislatures passed restrictive voting laws. These state-level policies included strict photo ID requirements, the purging of voter rolls, and the closure of polling places in predominantly Black precincts. Federal courts later found some of these laws, such as North Carolina's 2013 omnibus election law, targeted Black voters "with almost surgical precision." 5. Municipal Revenue Generation Through Predatory Fines (The Ferguson Model) As highlighted by a 2015 U.S. Department of Justice investigation into Ferguson, Missouri, local municipalities across the country shifted toward using their police departments and court systems as revenue-generating entities. City policies mandated aggressive ticketing and fine collection for minor municipal code violations, disproportionately targeting Black residents. Failure to pay led to arrest warrants, trapping low-income individuals in a cycle of debt and court-ordered poverty. 6. The Judicial Architecture of Qualified Immunity Though originally introduced in 1967, the modern, highly restrictive framework of qualified immunity was solidified by the Supreme Court in the 1980s (Harlow v. Fitzgerald, 1982) and expanded in subsequent decades. This judicially created doctrine protects state actors, particularly law enforcement officers, from liability in civil lawsuits unless they violate "clearly established" law. In practice, federal courts have used it to shield officers from financial accountability for excessive force, leaving Black victims of police brutality with little recourse for justice. 7. Discriminatory Administration of COVID-19 Relief (The Paycheck Protection Program, 2020) When the federal government launched the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) to save small businesses during the pandemic, the Small Business Administration channeled the funds through mainstream banks rather than community lenders. Because of historical biases and banking deserts, Black-owned businesses lacked established relationships with these major institutions. Academic and federal audits revealed that Black applicants were disproportionately denied or delayed in receiving aid, causing a higher rate of permanent business closures in Black communities. 8. The 1994 Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act The largest crime bill in U.S. history, signed into federal law in 1994, provided billions of dollars in federal funding to states to build prisons and hire more officers, provided that the states passed "truth-in-sentencing" laws to keep inmates locked up longer. The policy heavily incentivized states to increase incarceration rates and eliminate parole opportunities, which disproportionately removed Black men from the workforce and community development. 9. Structural Inequity in State Public School Funding Formulas Throughout the modern era, the majority of U.S. states have continued to rely heavily on local property taxes to fund public education. Because historical federal policies (like redlining) depressed property values in Black neighborhoods, this state-approved funding mechanism guarantees that schools serving Black children receive billions of dollars less in funding annually than schools serving white children, entrenching educational and economic inequality. 10. Environmental Racism and State Infrastructure Planning State and federal agencies have routinely approved the placement of chemical plants, toxic waste sites, and heavy industrial infrastructure in or adjacent to historic Black communities. A prominent modern example is "Cancer Alley" in Louisiana, where successive state administrations granted permits to dozens of petrochemical plants along a 100-mile stretch of the Mississippi River populated largely by Black residents, leading to catastrophic health outcomes and plummeting property values. -------------- *Extracted / Culled 2 Likes 2 Shares |
| Foreign Affairs › Re: American Politics Thread: Trump Is The 47th President! by DeepSight(m): 8:00am On May 26*. Modified: 8:16am On May 26 |
The history of state-supported racism, systemic exclusion, and institutional policy in the United States has profoundly shaped the economic, social, and political reality for Black Americans. For centuries, federal, state, and local governments enacted laws or looked the other way during atrocities, creating immense structural barriers to wealth accumulation and progress. Here are twenty poignant instances of state-supported acts and policies that systematically held back Black Americans: 1. The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 A federal law that forced citizens to assist in the capture of runaway enslaved people, even in free states. It denied accused runaways the right to a jury trial or to testify on their own behalf, effectively allowing the federal government to legally enforce the kidnapping and re-enslavement of Black people, while stripping free Black populations of legal security. 2. Black Codes (Post-Civil War Era) Immediately following the Civil War and the 13th Amendment, Southern states passed "Black Codes." These laws criminalized Black unemployment through strict vagrancy laws, restricted Black people from owning property, and forced them into exploitative, long-term labor contracts, effectively recreating the conditions of slavery. 3. Convict Leasing System Under a loophole in the 13th Amendment (which permitted involuntary servitude as a punishment for a crime), Southern states arrested thousands of Black men on trivial or fabricated charges. They were then leased out to private railways, mines, and plantations. The state profited directly, while the laborers faced brutal, often fatal conditions without pay. 4. Supreme Court Sanction of Jim Crow (Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896) The highest court in the United States legally codified racial segregation by ruling that "separate but equal" facilities were constitutional. This state-backed ruling gave legal cover to comprehensive segregation across transport, schooling, and public spaces, relegating Black Americans to vastly inferior facilities and legal second-class citizenship for decades. 5. State-Sanctioned Disenfranchisement (Grandfather Clauses & Literacy Tests) Beginning in the late 19th century, Southern states instituted poll taxes, complex literacy tests, and "grandfather clauses" (exempting men from tests if their grandfathers could vote before 1867) to strip Black citizens of their voting rights. Because these laws didn't explicitly mention race, the federal government permitted them, completely dismantling Black political representation. 6. The Federal Exclusion of Black Veterans from the G.I. Bill (1944) While the G.I. Bill technically applied to all WWII veterans, the federal government allowed local, mostly white-led veteran agencies to administer the benefits. As a result, millions of Black veterans were systematically denied low-interest mortgages, business loans, and college tuition, missing out on the single greatest engine of middle-class wealth creation in U.S. history. 7. Redlining by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Established in the 1930s, the FHA drew literal red lines on maps around neighborhoods with Black residents, deeming them "hazardous" for investments. The federal government refused to back mortgages in these zones, legally locking Black Americans out of homeownership—the primary vehicle for generational wealth—while subsidizing massive, whites-only suburban developments like Levittown. 8. Racial Zoning and Judicial Enforcement of Restrictive Covenants Local governments utilized racial zoning laws to bar Black families from buying homes in certain neighborhoods. When the Supreme Court declared explicit racial zoning unconstitutional, states and courts instead protected "restrictive covenants"—private deeds explicitly forbidding the sale of homes to Black buyers. The legal system actively enforced these contracts until 1948. 9. State Complicity in the Tulsa Race Massacre (1921) A white mob attacked and completely destroyed the affluent Black district of Greenwood (known as "Black Wall Street" ). Local officials and police not only failed to protect the citizens but deputized members of the mob, providing them with weapons. The state national guard arrested the Black victims rather than the attackers, and insurance claims by Black business owners were systematically denied, wiping out generations of accumulated wealth. 10. The Slaughter of Rosewood and Land Dispossession (1923) In Florida, a white mob razed the self-sufficient, predominantly Black town of Rosewood, murdering citizens and driving the survivors into the woods. State authorities made no arrests, and the state effectively allowed the survivors' land to be seized or sold for pennies, permanently displacing the community and destroying its economic base. 11. Discriminatory Administration of the New Deal (1930s) To pass landmark New Deal legislation (like the Social Security Act and the Fair Labor Standards Act), Northern Democrats compromised with Southern segregationists by explicitly excluding agricultural and domestic workers from benefits. Because the vast majority of Black workers were employed in these two sectors, the federal safety net was intentionally designed to leave them behind. 12. Systematic Denial of USDA Loans to Black Farmers Throughout the 20th century, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) routinely denied loans, crop allotments, and emergency relief to Black farmers, while granting them to white farmers. This systemic discrimination by a federal agency forced Black farmers into foreclosure, resulting in the loss of millions of acres of Black-owned land. 13. The Federal Highway Act and Urban Renewal (1950s–1960s) Under the guise of "urban renewal" (often cynically called "Negro Removal" ), the federal and state governments used eminent domain to bulldoze thriving Black neighborhoods and business districts to build the Interstate Highway System. This physically severed Black communities, destroyed commercial footprints, and depressed property values. 14. The Tuskegee Syphilis Study (1932–1972) The U.S. Public Health Service conducted a clinical study on hundreds of poor, Black sharecroppers in Alabama with syphilis. The government lied to the men, telling them they were being treated for "bad blood." Even when penicillin became the standard cure in the 1940s, researchers intentionally withheld treatment for decades to observe the fatal progression of the disease, reflecting deep-seated institutional racism in federal healthcare. 15. The "War on Drugs" and Mandatory Minimum Sentencing (1980s) The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 established a 100-to-1 sentencing disparity between crack cocaine (more prevalent in inner-city Black communities) and powder cocaine (more prevalent in affluent white communities). Possession of five grams of crack triggered the same mandatory five-year federal prison sentence as 500 grams of powder cocaine, decimating Black families and economies through state-sanctioned mass incarceration. 16. COINTELPRO (1956–1971) The FBI's Counterintelligence Program targeted legitimate Black civil rights organizations and leaders, including Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, and the Black Panther Party. The federal government used illegal surveillance, infiltration, psychological warfare, and police violence to systematically destabilize, discredit, and neutralize Black political and economic movements. 17. The Wilmington Insurrection and Coup d'État (1898) In North Carolina, white supremacists staged a violent coup d'état, overthrowing the legitimately elected, biracial local government of Wilmington. The mob murdered dozens of Black citizens and burned down the city's black-owned newspaper. Federal and state governments chose not to intervene, effectively signaling that the state would tolerate violence to overturn Black political progress. 18. Judicial Preservation of Qualified Immunity A judicially created legal doctrine that shields government officials, particularly police officers, from liability in civil lawsuits unless they violate "clearly established" statutory or constitutional rights. In practice, federal courts have used this doctrine to protect law enforcement from accountability regarding systemic police brutality against Black individuals, weakening legal protections for Black citizens. 19. Disproportionate State Funding of Public Schools Because the state-approved mechanism for funding public education relies heavily on local property taxes, historical housing segregation and the wealth gap directly translate into underfunded schools in Black neighborhoods. State funding formulas have routinely failed to equalize this disparity, resulting in systemic educational inequality. 20. Subprime Lending and the Failure of Regulatory Oversight (2000s) Federal financial regulatory agencies failed to police predatory, discriminatory lending practices. Major banks intentionally targeted Black communities with high-cost, high-risk subprime mortgages, even when the applicants qualified for prime loans. When the housing bubble burst in 2008, it resulted in the largest loss of wealth for Black Americans in modern history, a disaster worsened by a lack of proactive federal consumer protection. ----- *Extracted / Culled. 2 Likes 2 Shares |
| Foreign Affairs › Re: Racist Policies And Acts Against Blacks In US History by DeepSight(op): 7:41am On May 26 |
MODERN EXAMPLES (POST CIVIL RIGHTS ACT) While the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 dismantled de jure (legal) segregation, the modern era since 1970 has seen the emergence of policies, institutional practices, and state-supported actions that have continued to disproportionately hinder the economic, social, and political progress of Black Americans. Here are ten prominent instances from the modern era: 1. The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 (The 100-to-1 Sentencing Disparity) Passed by Congress during the "War on Drugs," this federal legislation established a massive sentencing disparity between crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Possession of just five grams of crack (more prevalent in lower-income Black communities) triggered a mandatory minimum sentence of five years in federal prison, while it required 500 grams of powder cocaine (more prevalent in wealthier white communities) to trigger the same sentence. This state policy fueled mass incarceration and decimated generations of Black families and local economies. 2. State-Sanctioned "Stop-and-Frisk" Policies In the 1990s and 2000s, municipal governments—most notably in New York City—instituted aggressive policing policies that permitted officers to detain and search pedestrians based on vague standards of "reasonable suspicion." Federal court data later revealed that the overwhelming majority of those stopped were innocent Black and Latino men. The policy institutionalized racial profiling, disrupted daily life, and created systemic barriers to employment and education through arbitrary misdemeanor arrests. 3. Predatory Subprime Lending and Regulatory Failure (Pre-2008 Financial Crisis) During the 2000s housing boom, federal regulators (including the Federal Reserve and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency) failed to police discriminatory marketing by major financial institutions. Banks intentionally targeted stable Black neighborhoods with high-fee, high-risk subprime mortgages, even when the borrowers qualified for safer prime loans. When the market crashed in 2008, it triggered the largest loss of generational wealth for Black Americans in modern history. 4. Modern Voter Suppression Laws and the Gutting of the Voting Rights Act (2013–Present) Following the Supreme Court’s 2013 decision in Shelby County v. Holder, which struck down the federal oversight provision of the Voting Rights Act, dozens of state legislatures passed restrictive voting laws. These state-level policies included strict photo ID requirements, the purging of voter rolls, and the closure of polling places in predominantly Black precincts. Federal courts later found some of these laws, such as North Carolina's 2013 omnibus election law, targeted Black voters "with almost surgical precision." 5. Municipal Revenue Generation Through Predatory Fines (The Ferguson Model) As highlighted by a 2015 U.S. Department of Justice investigation into Ferguson, Missouri, local municipalities across the country shifted toward using their police departments and court systems as revenue-generating entities. City policies mandated aggressive ticketing and fine collection for minor municipal code violations, disproportionately targeting Black residents. Failure to pay led to arrest warrants, trapping low-income individuals in a cycle of debt and court-ordered poverty. 6. The Judicial Architecture of Qualified Immunity Though originally introduced in 1967, the modern, highly restrictive framework of qualified immunity was solidified by the Supreme Court in the 1980s (Harlow v. Fitzgerald, 1982) and expanded in subsequent decades. This judicially created doctrine protects state actors, particularly law enforcement officers, from liability in civil lawsuits unless they violate "clearly established" law. In practice, federal courts have used it to shield officers from financial accountability for excessive force, leaving Black victims of police brutality with little recourse for justice. 7. Discriminatory Administration of COVID-19 Relief (The Paycheck Protection Program, 2020) When the federal government launched the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) to save small businesses during the pandemic, the Small Business Administration channeled the funds through mainstream banks rather than community lenders. Because of historical biases and banking deserts, Black-owned businesses lacked established relationships with these major institutions. Academic and federal audits revealed that Black applicants were disproportionately denied or delayed in receiving aid, causing a higher rate of permanent business closures in Black communities. 8. The 1994 Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act The largest crime bill in U.S. history, signed into federal law in 1994, provided billions of dollars in federal funding to states to build prisons and hire more officers, provided that the states passed "truth-in-sentencing" laws to keep inmates locked up longer. The policy heavily incentivized states to increase incarceration rates and eliminate parole opportunities, which disproportionately removed Black men from the workforce and community development. 9. Structural Inequity in State Public School Funding Formulas Throughout the modern era, the majority of U.S. states have continued to rely heavily on local property taxes to fund public education. Because historical federal policies (like redlining) depressed property values in Black neighborhoods, this state-approved funding mechanism guarantees that schools serving Black children receive billions of dollars less in funding annually than schools serving white children, entrenching educational and economic inequality. 10. Environmental Racism and State Infrastructure Planning State and federal agencies have routinely approved the placement of chemical plants, toxic waste sites, and heavy industrial infrastructure in or adjacent to historic Black communities. A prominent modern example is "Cancer Alley" in Louisiana, where successive state administrations granted permits to dozens of petrochemical plants along a 100-mile stretch of the Mississippi River populated largely by Black residents, leading to catastrophic health outcomes and plummeting property values. -------------- *Extracted / Culled |
| Foreign Affairs › Racist Policies And Acts Against Blacks In US History by DeepSight(op): 7:34am On May 26*. Modified: 7:57am On May 26 |
The history of state-supported racism, systemic exclusion, and institutional policy in the United States has profoundly shaped the economic, social, and political reality for Black Americans. For centuries, federal, state, and local governments enacted laws or looked the other way during atrocities, creating immense structural barriers to wealth accumulation and progress. Here are twenty poignant instances of state-supported acts and policies that systematically held back Black Americans: 1. The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 A federal law that forced citizens to assist in the capture of runaway enslaved people, even in free states. It denied accused runaways the right to a jury trial or to testify on their own behalf, effectively allowing the federal government to legally enforce the kidnapping and re-enslavement of Black people, while stripping free Black populations of legal security. 2. Black Codes (Post-Civil War Era) Immediately following the Civil War and the 13th Amendment, Southern states passed "Black Codes." These laws criminalized Black unemployment through strict vagrancy laws, restricted Black people from owning property, and forced them into exploitative, long-term labor contracts, effectively recreating the conditions of slavery. 3. Convict Leasing System Under a loophole in the 13th Amendment (which permitted involuntary servitude as a punishment for a crime), Southern states arrested thousands of Black men on trivial or fabricated charges. They were then leased out to private railways, mines, and plantations. The state profited directly, while the laborers faced brutal, often fatal conditions without pay. 4. Supreme Court Sanction of Jim Crow (Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896) The highest court in the United States legally codified racial segregation by ruling that "separate but equal" facilities were constitutional. This state-backed ruling gave legal cover to comprehensive segregation across transport, schooling, and public spaces, relegating Black Americans to vastly inferior facilities and legal second-class citizenship for decades. 5. State-Sanctioned Disenfranchisement (Grandfather Clauses & Literacy Tests) Beginning in the late 19th century, Southern states instituted poll taxes, complex literacy tests, and "grandfather clauses" (exempting men from tests if their grandfathers could vote before 1867) to strip Black citizens of their voting rights. Because these laws didn't explicitly mention race, the federal government permitted them, completely dismantling Black political representation. 6. The Federal Exclusion of Black Veterans from the G.I. Bill (1944) While the G.I. Bill technically applied to all WWII veterans, the federal government allowed local, mostly white-led veteran agencies to administer the benefits. As a result, millions of Black veterans were systematically denied low-interest mortgages, business loans, and college tuition, missing out on the single greatest engine of middle-class wealth creation in U.S. history. 7. Redlining by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Established in the 1930s, the FHA drew literal red lines on maps around neighborhoods with Black residents, deeming them "hazardous" for investments. The federal government refused to back mortgages in these zones, legally locking Black Americans out of homeownership—the primary vehicle for generational wealth—while subsidizing massive, whites-only suburban developments like Levittown. 8. Racial Zoning and Judicial Enforcement of Restrictive Covenants Local governments utilized racial zoning laws to bar Black families from buying homes in certain neighborhoods. When the Supreme Court declared explicit racial zoning unconstitutional, states and courts instead protected "restrictive covenants"—private deeds explicitly forbidding the sale of homes to Black buyers. The legal system actively enforced these contracts until 1948. 9. State Complicity in the Tulsa Race Massacre (1921) A white mob attacked and completely destroyed the affluent Black district of Greenwood (known as "Black Wall Street" ). Local officials and police not only failed to protect the citizens but deputized members of the mob, providing them with weapons. The state national guard arrested the Black victims rather than the attackers, and insurance claims by Black business owners were systematically denied, wiping out generations of accumulated wealth. 10. The Slaughter of Rosewood and Land Dispossession (1923) In Florida, a white mob razed the self-sufficient, predominantly Black town of Rosewood, murdering citizens and driving the survivors into the woods. State authorities made no arrests, and the state effectively allowed the survivors' land to be seized or sold for pennies, permanently displacing the community and destroying its economic base. 11. Discriminatory Administration of the New Deal (1930s) To pass landmark New Deal legislation (like the Social Security Act and the Fair Labor Standards Act), Northern Democrats compromised with Southern segregationists by explicitly excluding agricultural and domestic workers from benefits. Because the vast majority of Black workers were employed in these two sectors, the federal safety net was intentionally designed to leave them behind. 12. Systematic Denial of USDA Loans to Black Farmers Throughout the 20th century, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) routinely denied loans, crop allotments, and emergency relief to Black farmers, while granting them to white farmers. This systemic discrimination by a federal agency forced Black farmers into foreclosure, resulting in the loss of millions of acres of Black-owned land. 13. The Federal Highway Act and Urban Renewal (1950s–1960s) Under the guise of "urban renewal" (often cynically called "Negro Removal" ), the federal and state governments used eminent domain to bulldoze thriving Black neighborhoods and business districts to build the Interstate Highway System. This physically severed Black communities, destroyed commercial footprints, and depressed property values. 14. The Tuskegee Syphilis Study (1932–1972) The U.S. Public Health Service conducted a clinical study on hundreds of poor, Black sharecroppers in Alabama with syphilis. The government lied to the men, telling them they were being treated for "bad blood." Even when penicillin became the standard cure in the 1940s, researchers intentionally withheld treatment for decades to observe the fatal progression of the disease, reflecting deep-seated institutional racism in federal healthcare. 15. The "War on Drugs" and Mandatory Minimum Sentencing (1980s) The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 established a 100-to-1 sentencing disparity between crack cocaine (more prevalent in inner-city Black communities) and powder cocaine (more prevalent in affluent white communities). Possession of five grams of crack triggered the same mandatory five-year federal prison sentence as 500 grams of powder cocaine, decimating Black families and economies through state-sanctioned mass incarceration. 16. COINTELPRO (1956–1971) The FBI's Counterintelligence Program targeted legitimate Black civil rights organizations and leaders, including Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, and the Black Panther Party. The federal government used illegal surveillance, infiltration, psychological warfare, and police violence to systematically destabilize, discredit, and neutralize Black political and economic movements. 17. The Wilmington Insurrection and Coup d'État (1898) In North Carolina, white supremacists staged a violent coup d'état, overthrowing the legitimately elected, biracial local government of Wilmington. The mob murdered dozens of Black citizens and burned down the city's black-owned newspaper. Federal and state governments chose not to intervene, effectively signaling that the state would tolerate violence to overturn Black political progress. 18. Judicial Preservation of Qualified Immunity A judicially created legal doctrine that shields government officials, particularly police officers, from liability in civil lawsuits unless they violate "clearly established" statutory or constitutional rights. In practice, federal courts have used this doctrine to protect law enforcement from accountability regarding systemic police brutality against Black individuals, weakening legal protections for Black citizens. 19. Disproportionate State Funding of Public Schools Because the state-approved mechanism for funding public education relies heavily on local property taxes, historical housing segregation and the wealth gap directly translate into underfunded schools in Black neighborhoods. State funding formulas have routinely failed to equalize this disparity, resulting in systemic educational inequality. 20. Subprime Lending and the Failure of Regulatory Oversight (2000s) Federal financial regulatory agencies failed to police predatory, discriminatory lending practices. Major banks intentionally targeted Black communities with high-cost, high-risk subprime mortgages, even when the applicants qualified for prime loans. When the housing bubble burst in 2008, it resulted in the largest loss of wealth for Black Americans in modern history, a disaster worsened by a lack of proactive federal consumer protection. ----- *Extracted / Culled. |
| Business › Re: My Opay Account Was Hacked by DeepSight(m): 9:45pm On May 25 |
| Politics › Re: We Call Ourselves The Giant Of Africa, But Giant In What Exactly? by DeepSight(m): 7:36pm On May 25 |
Kushites:Goodnight. |
| Politics › Re: We Call Ourselves The Giant Of Africa, But Giant In What Exactly? by DeepSight(m): 7:32pm On May 25 |
Kushites:I didnt read again. And will not read anything from you that does not start with an apology. Also I was not addressing you. |
| Politics › Re: We Call Ourselves The Giant Of Africa, But Giant In What Exactly? by DeepSight(m): 7:24pm On May 25 |
Ofodirinwa:'Let's admit we have a lot to be ashamed of on sports infrastructure. I was at National Stadium Surulere some weeks back and I could have cried at the derelict shanty it has become. A historic venue like that. |
| Politics › Re: We Call Ourselves The Giant Of Africa, But Giant In What Exactly? by DeepSight(m): 7:22pm On May 25 |
Kushites:I didnt read. I would have read if it started with an apology for the unnecessary insults and rudeness. |
| Politics › Re: We Call Ourselves The Giant Of Africa, But Giant In What Exactly? by DeepSight(m): 7:15pm On May 25 |
Kushites:I didn't read beyond your first line. I am sick and tired of the aggressive way you start every response with an insult even when no one has insulted you. You need help. Enjoy. 4 Likes |
| Politics › Re: We Call Ourselves The Giant Of Africa, But Giant In What Exactly? by DeepSight(m): 6:52pm On May 25 |
Kushites:How many presentable stadia exist in Nigeria today for international events? Two. Uyo and Abuja. For how long has the National Stadium at Surulere been left to rot? 2 Likes |
| Foreign Affairs › Re: American Politics Thread: Trump Is The 47th President! by DeepSight(m): 12:55pm On May 25 |
basilico:If you don't walk back this statement don't expect me to respond to you. 1 Like |
| Foreign Affairs › Re: American Politics Thread: Trump Is The 47th President! by DeepSight(m): 10:52am On May 25 |
basilico:So blacks generally are responsible for what the West did in Libya right? If this is what you hold, I give up on you. I will have no further discussion with you. |
| Foreign Affairs › Re: American Politics Thread: Trump Is The 47th President! by DeepSight(m): 10:43am On May 25 |
basilico:It's sheer madness to pin the US-France conspiracy against Libya on blacks simply because Obama was mixed race. That is potent insanity. Walk it back. As for doing nothing for Africa that is one of my issues with Obama in a certain sense. George W. Bush did far better for Africa. 1 Like |
| Foreign Affairs › Re: American Politics Thread: Trump Is The 47th President! by DeepSight(m): 9:52am On May 25 |
basilico:I still dont understand why you are sending me these. Is it not clear to you that this is evidence of the West actively utilizing its power to keep Africa backward - which is something I have not even mentioned in all of my rationalization of the state of Africa (because I know if you guys can argue against the obvious how much more will you dispute neo-colonialism)? At least you can also see that what I said about the currency motivation and anti-pan African motivation was true. 2 Likes |
| Foreign Affairs › Re: American Politics Thread: Trump Is The 47th President! by DeepSight(m): 9:23am On May 25 |
basilico:Why are you pointing this out? It is against your narrative? Even completely without this story or factor, it is well established that the West had active interest in destroying Ghaddafi in the interest of the Dollar and also against his pan African plans for African Unity. 2 Likes |
| Politics › Re: 2027 Is Already A Lost Election, Tinubu Will Be Re-elected - Farooq Kperogi by DeepSight(m): 10:48pm On May 24 |
mastermaestro:And PRP |
| Politics › Re: 2027 Is Already A Lost Election, Tinubu Will Be Re-elected - Farooq Kperogi by DeepSight(m): 10:47pm On May 24 |
OgbeniOja1:Obi has handed the election to BAT with his selfish and unpatriotic decision to split the opposition. 1 Like |
| Foreign Affairs › Re: American Politics Thread: Trump Is The 47th President! by DeepSight(m): 10:43pm On May 24 |
bemeruca:Lol. No prizes for what your reaction would be if it was a black man. Cheating at games tells a lot about a person. 4 Likes 1 Share |
| Politics › Re: President Tinubu Receives Certificate Of Return After Clinching APC Ticket by DeepSight(m): 9:10pm On May 24 |
fergie001: |
| Foreign Affairs › Re: Hundreds Of Fearful Africans Bused To Safe Location In Durban (Emotional Video) by DeepSight(m): 8:59pm On May 24 |
franchasofficia:Jeeeeez. |
