₦airaland Forum

danyegbule. Birds don't start laying because they are fed "layers mash". Birds lay WHEN they attain 1.5kg in weight (irrespective of what they are being fed) & are exposed to at least 12 hours daylight. Layers mash is just to meet their daily nutritional requirements for sustained egg production. Therefore, my advice is that you focus on weight gain. Success.

danyagbule. I suspect the uniformity in growth of your birds is poor. That could explain what's happening now as only those who have attained the required weight are laying. I'll suggest you increase their feeds, photostimulate & be patient. Tompeters. OK. Your estimates are practical. However, you should break even before the projected 2 months (about 9 weeks). If the birds are well raised & at least, 16 weeks, you should have enough eggs to feed them after 6 weeks. And, a bag of layers feed shouldn't be more than #2500 as against the estimated #2600. And 20k for medications is rather high, unless you're buying sickly POLs. Success.

Tompeters. 460k for 250 birds? Can you give a breakdown of your projected expenses?

Farmafric. Are your cages hot or electro galvanized? Are they imported or locally fabricated? And mind telling us the capacity & price(s)?

afosoft. Congratulations. Your wedding shall be glorious. Your marriage shall be blissful. lol2. Why do you want to add vitamins, in addition to anti-cocci? The anti-cocci is OK on its own. jamp. My "friend" has his own ways & I may not be absolutely sure of his plans. I save about #300/bag with Concentrate & my result has been largely satisfactory.

jamp. Great reading from you. I believe the birds are doing fine. I wouldn't really know about Animalcare Feeds at the moment. I only buy the Concentrate & not the Finished Feeds. However, for drop in production; it could be due to a number of factors which include the shorter daylength as well as the stress the birds are facing due to the heat. It could as well be the feeds. Ayostically, the decision to change feeds is entirely yours. Just be sure it is changed gradually.

Ayostically. Researches have proven that laying birds do better with bigger feeds granules. However, that doesn't explain the soft shells & smaller sizes unless this batch has low calcium content. You may look into that. In addition, when was the last time you administered Lasota? NCD can also cause reduced size & soft shelled eggs. Success.

Major911 does the Amprocox contain antibiotics or is it only an anti-cocci. kubaWill. In addition to administering anti-cocci as suggested by davidzfarm18, I'll also advise you (re)vaccinate against ND. And do it ASAP. Success.

fidelism. I'll advise you give Neoceryl & follow up with Oxy L.A. (it's an injection)

Ayostically. It depends on whether they are early or late moulters. Early moulters lay for between 10 & 12 months. Late moulters lay for between 12 & 15 months.

Juliana7 those are just "jargons" representing "layers", "white cockerels", "black cockerels" & "broilers". Samuel26. Are broiler DOC from Zartech still dieing? I've some 4 weeks old pullets from them & the mortality has been normal.

Samuel25. Which of Zartech's DOC were you referencing; LX, WCX, BCX or BX?

jamp. The birds are doing good. Thanks

jamp, thanks for asking after me Bro. I'm good just been quite busy. Good to know that your birds are doing great. Davidzfarm. I'm happy that you're back in production after the issue with your last set. Nice seeing several new gurus in the house. Nice weekend all.

Student Union executives and legislators at the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, have budgeted N1, 837, 550 to make official phone calls between August, 2015 and January, 2016.

In a copy of the Student Union budget made available to our correspondent and debated by members of the OAU Student Representative Council on Sunday evening, the leaders also had a separate budget for internet facilities and sending of bulk Short Message Service.

The sum, which did not also include the one for purchase of phones, was budgeted by the leadership of the Central Executive Council and Students’ Representative Council led by Mr. Omotayo Akande and Mr. Adebari Aare respectively.

Others are the clerk, deputy speaker, halls of residence executives, chairmen and secretary of transport, judicial, and budget and finance committees.

The student union leaders, who in totality budgeted N26, 090, 469 for their various needs, are expecting an income of about N15m.

A breakdown of the budget showed that the speaker, Mr. Adebari Aare, proposed to spend N232, 500 for official phone calls for 310 days, while the president of the union also proposed to make calls for 180 days with N108, 000.

Among other items that surfaced on the president’s budget were fuelling at the cost of N270,000; bus maintenance, N300, 000; ‘intervention’, N300, 000; and security vote, N300, 000.

Contained in the speaker’s budget is welfare costing N217, 000; long journey and short journey accommodation, N1, 250, 000; long and short journey trip, N500, 000 among others.

When contacted, the Chairman, Budget and Finance Committee, Mr. Abayomi Samuel, said the budget had not been approved.

Samuel, whose committee also budgeted N114, 000 for phone calls, added that some of the expenses had been reduced.

While speaking to our correspondent on the telephone and confirming the phone call expenses, Samuel said, “The budget has not been approved.”

However, our correspondent gathered that students of the university are divided over the budget.

One of them, Sammy, said, “How will they say they want to make phone calls with that kind of money when we are all complaining of poor toilet facilities and lack of food in our hostels. This is extreme wickedness.”

Copyright PUNCH.

abidecz Check the last page; I answered your question there.

New cases of bird flu in Abia, Enugu – NVRI
August 11, 2015 : 0 Comments



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The National Veterinary Research Institute said on Tuesday that new cases of bird flu have been discovered in Abia and Enugu States.

Executive Director of the institute, Dr. Mohammed Ahmed, told the News Agency of Nigeria in Jos on Tuesday that it was the first time the flu was found in the two eastern states.

“The last cases we stamped out in May, after destroying more than 1.4 million birds, affected only 18 states. Now the two states have come down with the disease and brought the total to 20 states,” he said.
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He said the new cases had been traced to the purchase of birds in Ibadan at the “point of lay” by some poultry farmers in the two states.

“Unfortunately, the young birds came down with the disease, which means that we have not been enforcing the restriction in movement that is a key step in controlling the disease.”

While advising farmers to be more proactive, he said the purchase of birds at the point of lay was “certainly not the best,” because farmers would not know how the birds were raised.

He said purchasing of birds at the point of lay was mostly done by lazy farmers, adding that the attitude was “very dangerous, deadly and costly.”

He therefore advised farmers to always patronise well established farms that have massive hatcheries and were meticulous on biosecurity.

“The small poultry farms do not take biosecurity seriously. But the big farms have massive investments and do not play with the safety of their birds.”

The NVRI boss said the national technical committee on bird flu had suggested to the Federal Government, the establishment of an active surveillance unit and was still waiting for response.

He also spoke on the payment of compensations to owners of farms whose birds were destroyed, saying the exercise was in progress.

“The compensation has been spread into batches; batches 1, 2 and 3 have been paid. The others have been verified and payment will resume soon.

Good one Manya. Meanwhile, you may wish to do something with the temperature spread. Seems to me the birds are a little clustered. When will you administer the antibiotics & which one are you using?

Farmafric. Are there any disadvantages to floor-mixing method in comparison to buying finished feeds? I discover that I can save about #200 on each bag of feed if I do floor-mixing. I intend using grounded maize from Golden Penny as well as their wheat offal plus Concentrates. Your opinion here will be appreciated, please.

Ephiezy4real. Which aspect of farming are you into? Do you have a tractor? Thanks in anticipation

grownaira. If all you spend on charcoal is just 5k, then I'll advise you stick with it. Apart from the price of the gas brooder which is about 12k the last time I asked, you may end up exhausting a 14kg gas within 2 days. Multiply the price by the number of days your birds will need heat as generated by you. Charcoal still remains the most cost efficient, unless you have biogas facilities installed in your farm.

abidecz. 300 four weeks old brown pullets will consume about 2.7 bags of Starter mash within 7 days. endy247. From researches I read, red LED gives the best result. Followed by white LED and of course, the common incandescent. You may check this link for details; http://www.worldpoultry.net/Layers/Housing/2014/12/Different-colour-LED-light-influences-layer-production-1666912W/ jamp. Such a huge one you have here, I pray for your success. You may wish to raise the blocks on which you put the charcoal pots. Those tiny things may jump into one at the present height thinking it has cooled. eggxel. Thanks for asking. If I may recall right, I think I eventually lost those 2 birds.

tabontabon. Some insightful pieces of advice you have above. Thanks for sharing.

tunezvic. The production will increase significantly in the next few days. My take is that the drop in production was occasioned by reduction in daily feeds supplied. You don't do that with birds just entering into lay. Rather, you significantly increase their feeds intake. Maintain their daily consumption at between 100 - 110g/bird for the next fortnight. All things being equal, production should rise to minimum 75% by then. Success. just4just. Laying birds need between 16 & 17 hours of daylight to lay optimally. Natural day length is about 13 hours in Nigeria. Therefore, to stimulate your birds into early/optimal laying, you may wish to give them extra light (photo) for about 4 hours each day, say from 6 to 10pm starting from when their average bodyweight is 1.5kg, usually achievable around 16/17 weeks of age.

tunezvic. I feel your pains; incurring further expenses on birds at a time you expect them to be feeding themselves isn't a joke. I'll like to ask the KG of feeds you're giving them daily. And whether the feed is self-milled or finished feeds. And are you sure they ain't suffering from ND or any viral issue? And are you consistent with photo-stimulation (if you do it)?

danyegbule. Your birds should be consuming about 45kg of feeds daily at their age. Therefore, you need not worry about possible under-feeding. Trueigbo. As noted by others; your birds are consuming just about enough feeds daily. It's really immaterial if the feeding trough is empty of food. The important thing is that they have the full complement of feeds for a day; and that is just a little over 2 bags. Success. jamp. How far with your new birds? Delay in laying my hands on needed funds has stopped me (temporarily) from stocking.

Hundreds of candidates who sat for the May/June West African Senior School Certificate Examination may not have their results released in the next two weeks, the West African Examinations Council has announced.

No fewer than 19 states of the federation owe the council about N4bn examination registration fees.

The WAEC Head of National Office, Lagos, Mr. Charles Eguridu, announced this on Monday at a briefing in Lagos.

He, however, failed to make public the affected states.
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Eguridu said, “A total number of 19 states in the country owe the Council in respect of entry fees for state government sponsored candidates for the May/June 2015 WASSCE. Some states also still owe the Council registration fees for the May/June 2014 WASSCE.

“We have written to the affected state governments without any response. The poor response of the debtor states is threatening the smooth operations of the Council.

“We, therefore, want to publicly plead with the affected states to off-set the registration fees of their candidates as soon as possible, as we cannot guarantee that the results of their candidates for the May/June 2015 will be released along with others.

eggxel. Thanks. Your submission is quite instructive. Will act on the suggestions. Gracias.

House, please, what causes a laying bird to develop a purpleish (light blue) face/wattle? And what are the suggested treatments? Thanks.

Trueigbo. Birds adapt to whatever feeding regime you adopt. Yes, it's better you give them their feeds in the cooler parts of the day only; early morning & late evening. And at least 60% of their daily feeds requirements should come in the evening. Between 6 in the evening when most birds would have finished their feeds for the day & 7 the next morning when most farmers give morning ration is a period of 13 hours. Birds need to have sufficient feeds stored in their crops for use overnight to compensate for energy expended in eggs formation; a process which is usually consummated at the night hours. adebamtech. Such a nice project you have there. I'll suggest you limit the turkeys' access to the pullets pen. The former are carriers of NCD which is dangerous to pullets. Meanwhile, you will be well advised not to expand beyond your present capacity as doing so may lead to issues with heat stress, especially between November & March. Success.

Botanical Name: Cocos Nucifera Family: Palm tree Common English names: Coconut Description THE name coconut comes from Spanish and Portuguese word coco, which means “monkey face.” Coconut is a perennial palm tree that grows up to 30 metres in tropical climate.

The fruit of the coconut palm (coconut) is botanically classified as a drupe and not a nut. It is the largest seed ever known to man.

Coconut tree takes up to a year to mature and the fruit is constantly yielding a continuous harvest year-round. Nearly all parts of the coconut tree are very useful in various ways, but our main concern in this article is the young or tender coconut water, i.e. the liquid inside a young coconut.


A tender coconut between six and nine months old contains up to 600 to 750 mililitres of an opaque and naturally sterile water that has a slight salty and sweet flavour, which is known in some tropical countries of the world as the “ fluid of life.” The tender coconut water is generally known as mineral water, used as a highly nutritious wholesome beverage, refreshing and natural energy drink.

Young coconut water is low in fat (no cholesterol) and calories. Chemical Constituents Sugars Tender coconut water contains simple sugars, such as glucose and fructose, while the fully matured one contains sucrose.

Vitamins The green coconut water is a good source of ascorbic acid; beta carotene; and the B group vitamins; nicotinic acid; pantothenic acid; biotin; riboflavin; folic acid; thiamine; and pyridoxine.

Protein The proteins and amino acids (alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cystine, glutamic acid, histidine, leucine, lysine, proline, phenylalanine, serine and tyrosine) in tender coconuts are higher than that in cow’s milk.

Health researchers have recently found that tender or green coconut water contains natural peptides (tiny protein particles) that kill cancer cells in vitro.

They also found that these proteins have remarkable antioxidants, immune boosting, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties. Minerals Tender coconut water has less sodium and more potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, copper, zinc and other minerals, which make it one of the highest sources of natural and healthy isotonic (electrolyte) drink available in nature.

It has the same level of electrolytic balance as we have in our blood, as well as a natural balance of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium and double the alkalising power of pure lemon juice.

Therapeutic Actions Antidote to poison, alkaline-forming (balances the blood Ph), anti-tumour, antioxidant, antimicrobial (antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal), anti- aging, carminative, detoxicant, digestive, diuretic, immune booster, rejuvenative tonic, sedative, stress-buster, etc.

Medicinal Uses As an effective aid in the treatment of a variety of some disease conditions, a glass of green or tender coconut water is usually taken twice or thrice a day.

Digestive System Disorders The green or tender coconut water is an excellent remedy for acid reflux (removes acidity), flatulence and bloating (due to excess gas), dyspepsia nausea and vomiting, constipation, gastritis, ascaris (round worms) etc.

The tender coconut water is also a strong antidote to poison and adverse drug reaction. Green coconut water is naturally sterile and contains lauric acid, which is present in human mother’s milk and it is safe for infants suffering from gastrointestinal disturbances.

Tender coconut water is rich in potassium and has a balance level of electrolytic and is very useful as an oral rehydration fluid in the treatment of cholera. It can be given intravenously to balance electrolytes.

Chemical analysis has shown that coconut water contain over 284 chemical substances and has been shown to be identical to human blood plasma and therefore can be used as plasma substitute.

The green coconut water is sterile, isotonic, easily absorbed by the body and does not cause the hemolysis of the red blood cells. It is on record that during the World War 11, it was given as an emergency plasma transfusion to the wounded soldiers.

Liver, Kidney And Urinary Disorders Tender coconut water is one of the most reliable blood purifier and a general health enhancing fluid.

It is an effective treatment aid in heart, liver, kidney and urinary disorders. It acts as a natural diuretic, especially when these health conditions are associated water retention or edema. The water is useful for the treatment of ascites (a disease condition resulting in fluid accumulation in the stomach).

Drinking up 100 to 250 mililitres of coconut water daily serves as urinary antiseptic, clears the urinary tract, treats urinary tract infection, hematuria and removes kidney stones. Coconuts Water As A Natural Stress-Buster Taking 250 mililitres of coconut water mixed with two tablespoons of fresh Aloe Vera Gel twice daily calms the body and relieves the anxiety, hot flashes and emotional stress common with menopausal women.

Tender Coconuts Water As A Rejuvenative Tonic The water is an excellent rejuvenative tonic for the young, the old, the sick and the malnourished. Drinking a glass of coconut water daily boosts the energy in cases of fatigue. It increases the quality of semen and sexual power.

External Uses Applying tender coconut water directly on the body gives soothing and cooling effects and it helps in relieving the itching and discomfort caused by skin rashes, measles, small pox, chicken pox, etc. It is important to note that tender or green coconut water is nutritionally and therapeutically more effective than the water from matured coconut. Also, it ferments easily and loses some its properties when exposed to (KINDLY CHECK THE GUARDIAN NEWSPAPER FOR THE CONCLUDING PART)

davies427. Heat affects how well birds take up their feeds. That's why it's advisable you feed them during the cooler hours of the day. Besides, feeding laying birds early ensures they concentrate on laying during the peak hours of between 8 & 10am. If all the variables are right, the best time to supply your birds with all their feeds for the day is around 2 hours to lights out. Doing this will ensure they eat about 60% of the daily requirement & have sufficient feed in their crop for the relatively long night period. They will then eat up the rest as soon as day breaks and thereafter focus on giving the eggs. However, rat/mice infestation makes this difficult to practice in Nigeria. Notwithstanding, feed your birds as early as possible; 6am is ideal if you are not in the far North where the Sun rises earlier. AkayTopsy. Your question is coming a bit late. However, in addition to feeding them ad lib for the first few weeks, ensure the brooding pen is well heated. Otherwise, the chicks will convert the energy needed for growth (adding weight) into developing feathers as a way of fighting cold. Hence, they won't attain the standard weight at the appropriate time. Success.