₦airaland Forum

Afamed:
Many of you have never been to Lagos . The federal offices in Lagos , are they generating revenue on behalf of F.G or Lagos State? Ignorance is purely a disease.

dude i am currently typing from Lagos. i was born here, schooled here all my life so i dont understand what you are talking about. Are there no human beings working in those building whether they generate for the FG or not? Population is what makes Lagos tick.due to the infrastructure put in place by the FG. tinubu would have gotten it easy even when funds to Lagos was withheld by obj. because of the population.

Oblang:
Many of those u mentioned generate money for the fg and not the state govt. Forget all those talk abt lagos will always succeed regardless of who govern it. Without a visionary leader at the helm in Lagos, there won't be any development of any kind. Do u know Tinubu put in place several measures to improve lagos igr when he was the governor.

like what? i am all ears. is there something he did that was so spectacular that any other state with the same resources wouldn't have done?

Imustreturn:
Now welcome to the real Nigeria.. Its not a matter of APC and PDP its a matter of wicked humans that we have..

Akpabio did his part to make things work why can't udom make this thing work and give people jobs for Christ sake.

Our foolish Federal government hmm those once don't even care and some one will open his or her gutter mouth and tell me Nigeria go better?

Thunder go fire you.

This is what we have always been talking about. i stopped believing in Nigeria. we are just deceiving ourselves. we need disintegration.

Oblang:
Tinubu never ruled Nigeria so how is he worse than Atiku? The only state he ruled became a template for every other states in the country.

if those other states have the same number of bridges like lagos,the same number of sea port,air port, federal parastatal,barracks,both army airforce and navy, estates and areas developed my the FG, head offices of banks and oil companies. just to mention a few, then we can start talking about the template. if not you are just blowing hot air.

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Moreoffaith:
If all of una like defect from life to death I don't care,


All I see is brainless youths supporting those who make life unbearable for them.

Those who make a 40 year old man still sleep and feed in his parents house.

Those who make education useless in the society.

Those who because of their selfish interest kill millions of youth for political reason.

Those who don't care if you feed 3 times daily or not.

Those who refuse to pay your retired parents their pension after so many years of hard labor.

Those whose kids doesn't school here in Nigeria cos of the rot in the educational system.

Those who can travel out of the country with their family any second, any minute if anything happen.

When are we gonna wake up in this country pls??

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kennygee:
I know that money didn't come from "hapuya like that" or any other music.

Well, wetin be my own.

Firefire:
KAI BUGARY!

HERDSMEN KILLING AND LAND FOR GRAZING.

dying for Nigeria is the most stvpid thing to do. They died in vain.

[s]

Tripleoluwa:
The media and the public have been awash with the story that some people want to islamized Nigeria, and every fingers has been pointed at the president, largely because of his perceived inaction towards the wanton malevolence that has engulfed the nations in some parts of the country.

Error Of Commission:

Everyone who has read or heard about the Cambridge Analytica scandal of how a certain Nigeria oil business man, during the 2015 general election, paid the sum of $2m to Cambridge Analytica, to spread propaganda video of how Buhari would islamize Nigeria, if elected. If you are aware of that huge scandal and still believe that PMB wants to islamize Nigeria, I leave you with your thoughts.

Error Of Omission:

In case you believe that PMB wants to islamize Nigeria, but you have not heard or read about the Cambridge Analytica scandal, you have been misled and you are also angry at the wrong person(PMB). Here's the link to the scandal:

http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/apr/04/cambridge-analytica-used-violent-video-to-try-to-influence-nigerian-election

The Cambridge Analytica scandal was so huge in the UK that the company was shut down, after a former employee of Cambridge Analytica blew the whistle on how the company was paid $2m by a supporter of PDP to spread propaganda video against Buhari of how he would islamize Nigeria if he won the 2015 election. Our anger as concerned citizens of Nigeria should be against that particular devil who paid for such seed to be sown into the Nigerian public mind. If someone could pay for a lie to be spread, that kind of a person will pay for the lie to stick. This same devil who paid for that propaganda could pay killers behind these killings just to make sure that the lie is permanently sown in our hearts, all for the sake of power.

I'm a Nigerian and I love my country. Some of you may say I'm a member of BMC or a Yoruba Muslim. For your info, I'm neither. I'm a Nigerian. It is this same line of religion they are using to further divide us, that was why some of the killings were perpetuated in xtian dominated areas to give it religious coloration.

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Daviddson:
This man is always trying to stoke division and hiding at the back of people greater than him, to cause trouble. So very disgusting from a man who calls himself a pastor.

Have we ever been united if so tell me the year!!

sdindan:
This one is an opposite of Buhari

Buhari is targeting Northpole.

This picture looks so gaaaaayy!!!

Bodexman:
I think the best bet is to go back to regionalism or we restructure the whole thing.

Nigeria can't move forward with all this thing we are seeing. We are only deceiving ourselves.

complete disintegration.

Metuh:
There he goes again to show how ignorant and uneducated he is.

Did he ever say he won't honour the invitation?

When and how did he politicize the issue?

African Prince, it will be very good for you to think deeply before you come here to embarrass yourself.

This is one reason why i dont really like commenting.

nku5:
My brother the internet has killed Lagos-Ibadan Express media lies forever. It's so easy to bust the propaganda and have millions of people read the truth. Honestly i feel sorry for Gowon. To see what is happening to the Nigeria he fought for in his old age after a lifetime of self deceit must be painful

Never again.

buharitill2023:
The man is great man,
Another apostle Paul whom God use mightily.

But the jobless aggressive lazy idiotic pigs of Biafra will not like this kind of preaching by fulani killer herdsman.

you will probably die of stroke one day with this attitude.

[s]

potoX:
Any day Ike Ekweremadu, the deputy senate president wakes up and didn’t abuse or blame President Buhari for one reason or the other is certainly an odd day. He literarily sleeps and wakes on the steroid of antagonizing Buhari. He eats insults and abuses on Buhari as a favourite staple. Ekweremadu comes from the South East where abusing Buhari is gold and he strives so hard not to miss that gold! Ekweremadu as deputy senate president was a throw-up of Bukola Saraki’s coup that saw him trade off his party’s due right to get his own senate presidency. So Ekweremadu is a usurper that feels he needs extra efforts to keep himself electorally viable and what better effort than abusing Buhari which has become a very viable venture for displaced South East PDP politicians since 2015 when Buhari got their god and personal saviour out of power?

But Ekweremadu was deputy senate president for eight years before his cahoots with Saraki got him another deputy senate presidency. You might say he needs to abuse Buhari to stay beholden to his party whose investment in procuring the deputy senate presidency from Saraki and his betraying loyalists look like a bad investment considering Buhari’s scorched earth approach to the public treasury where Ekweremadu’s almost twelve years’ reign as deputy senate president found rewarding traction.

To Ekweremadu, Buhari is the beginning and end of all Nigerian problems and recently, he was so peeved that he baited military coup if only it will stop Buhari. Ekweremadu lives on the life sport of abusing and accusing Buhari and in this, he is home with a coterie of his fellow Igbo PDP chieftains and members who see Buhari as the most potent evil that must be done away with. You can’t blame them. At the twilight years of PDP in power, Igbo became its first sons. Added to this fanatical attachment is the presidency of Jonathan, which the Igbo claimed with resounding glee as their own. In the run-up to the last general election, Igbo threatened, vowed and swore that nothing and nobody should dare vote out PDP and Jonathan. They courted and made a viable enemy of other Nigerians with their rabid pro-Jonathan obduracy.

It was such rude awakening that on the morning of March 29, 2015, Igbo woke up to discover that both Jonathan and PDP had been swept away in a revolution that they hardly prepared for. Who led such a revolution? Buhari. So you can understand why many of them, especially PDP beneficiaries have vowed to live their entire lives with hatred for Buhari running terminally in their veins. It was a rude shock to Ekweremadu and his Igbo PDP confederates. It was a terrible morning and the after-effects of that dreary morning is what is playing out today. Additional to this sad reality is Buhari’s tight-fisted approach to the treasury from where the lifeblood of these Igbo PDP mandarins flows. They are not finding it funny at all. Curiously, in the bloom of PDP’s unseemly corrupt dominance of the country’s politics, Igbo were perpetual hewers of wood and fetchers of water with nothing to show for their drudgery except the gargantuan loots of the Ekweremadus and other top party leaders.

Yes, PDP left nothing, absolutely nothing as an achievement for its faithful fanatical Igbo support in the whole 16 years of its leadership. You are bound to run into a ditch and an unfathomable crisis if you ask those who fanatically carry the rump of PDP in Igboland today to tell you just one thing PDP did for Igbo in 16 years. Particularly vexatious is that the Jonathan regime whose defeat is firing an unhealable sore in Igboland today does not even have a five kilometre fixed road in Igboland as its democracy dividend to Ndigbo. It was so horrible that the late Alex Ekwueme, former Vice President and leading PDP light bemoaned bitterly in probably one of his last interviews. Ekwueme told Vanguard about Jonathan’s attitude to the South East, “So, he had every reason to be fair-minded and equitable in his distribution of resources. But we could not go from Enugu to Onitsha on a federal road, you couldn’t go from Enugu to Port-Harcourt on a federal road, we couldn’t go from Aba to Okigwe on a federal road; you couldn’t go from Owerri on the federal road. None of the federal roads in the south-east was motorable."

Again, Ekweremadu has particularly come under the klieg light of the raging Buhari anti-corruption war. The regime’s anti-corruption agency had recently swooped on Ekweremadu to uncover a hidden tranche of corruptly-acquired 23 properties hidden across the world. This itself followed a petition against Ekweremadu written by a former Enugu Chief Judge, Prof. Umezuruike who wondered how Ekweremadu who was a struggling charge and bail lawyer in Enugu State prior to 1999 suddenly came upon his massive wealth. It was in the thick of this inquest that Ekweremadu made his infamous coup-baiting gamble.

So Ekweremadu has every reason, like any other corrupt politician, to hate Buhari and make his demonization his primary business as he has been doing in the past three years. But then, how does this maniacal attitude helped Ekweremadu’s constituents and the Igbo who are prime pawns of his uncensored bile against Buhari? How had his never-ending acerbic vituperations against Buhari brought the democracy dividends to his people who have watched in strange awe as his personal fortune skyrocket in the past 15 years he has been deputy senate president, while theirs nosedived in the same period? What real fortune has his compulsive ill manners against Buhari helped him to deliver to his people for which he solicited their votes and got elected into the Senate? How has the dwindling Igbo fate been helped by Ekweremadu’s petulant insouciance to Buhari these past three years?

I am sure Ekweremadu and his ilk are not interested in providing answers to the above. He and his cohorts know for sure that they don’t have any reasonable answer for their bile-seeped tirades against Buhari. Good for them, they know that most Igbo do not need such answer from them. They know the porousness of Igbo political thoughts can allow them to walk away with blue murder so long as they can unleash a generous dose of insults on Buhari. They believe they will remain politically relevant in the Igbo enclave if the only thing they do is to insult and blame Buhari for everything under the sun. it is such tragic but true! That is how low Igbo politics has sunk!

Listening to Ekweremadu’s rants against Buhari, you will think that he and his ilk that are sunk in this paranoid state brought heaven on earth to Igboland when they were holding sway, making merry and feeling good before Buhari came to spoil their orgy. Strangely, whatever good Ekweremadu and his cohorts did was to do well for themselves in terms of illicit self-aggrandizement. Their fat bank accounts, borderless estates, choice properties and thick cash are all the Igbo got for the 16 years they wielded untamed power. The Igbo masses, on the other hand, fared so badly when Ekweremadu and co were at the zenith of their reign. While the Ekweremadus and their compatriots that are stuck in this maniacal frenzy became stupendously rich for the period their PDP was holding the longer end of the stick, the Igbo walked away empty handed.

Ekweremadu was getting richer when prominent roads in the South East practically went extinct. He pretended he never knew, saw or noticed this debris. By then, his present seemingly pro-Igbo mindset was on recess. The Enugu-Onitsha Expressway, the Enugu- Port Harcourt Expressway, the Owerri-Port Harcourt Road, all practically went extinct as Igbo, whom Ekweremadu wants to con with his cheeky vitriols and uncooked, acerbic outbursts against Buhari, were practically locked down. That was what Ekwueme bitterly captured in the interview excerpted above. The Second Niger Bridge became a regular pawn to Ekweremadu and his PDP as the promise to build that bridge became a ready aphrodisiac Ekweremadu and his PDP waved to Ndigbo for the 16 years they were in power. It is curious that the same Buhari Ekweremadu targets for unending assault is today, and in just three years, fixing the aforementioned roads as well as many other federal roads in all nooks and crannies of Igboland. What more, the Second Niger Bridge has migrated from being an election-winning mantra to a reality as the bridge is being constructed by the same Buhari Ekweremadu picks up every morning for uncouth abuse.

When Ekweremadu was acquiring all manners of wealth for himself as Deputy Senate President, Biafran soldiers were dying in their numbers and he never saw any need to make a case for them. Today, Buhari who has become the ready butt of Ekweremadu’s diarrhead mouth paid off the pension of former Biafran soldiers. At the height of Ekweremadu’s suzerainty when the commonwealth was a free trough for all manners of looters, Ekweremadu made good for himself and over 27 states including the five Igbo states went bankrupt and couldn’t pay the salaries of tens of thousands of Igbo workers for several months. This was at a time oil was going as high as between $86 to $140 a barrel and Nigeria was exporting over 2.5 million barrels each day. The Buhari he finds so happy abusing saved these workers from perdition as well as the millions of their dependents by bailing out these states and stabilizing them even when oil went as low as $27 per barrel and Nigeria was exporting a meagre 800,000 barrels per day!

Perhaps the only democracy dividend Ekweremadu and his PDP did in Igboland was remaining a decrepit Enugu airport as ‘international’ airport even with no upgrading of the decayed facilities in the airport. Is it surprising that Ekweremadu and his Igbo senators who pick Buhari as fair game every day, were there when their Senate drastically made nonsense of Buhari’s 2018 budgetary provision to upgrade the dead facilities of the airport? Caught pants down by the angry reactions that followed this action, Ekweremadu and his fellow anti-Buhari Igbo senators feigned ignorance of the fact that the budget for Enugu airport was reduced o near nothing by their senate. Ditto for the budget for the construction of the Second Niger Bridge!

But Ekweremadu knows that he and his mischievous cohorts have a rich harvest by ploughing the rich Igbo anti-Buhari sentiment as a panacea for their own failure for the past twenty years. They know that the Igbo space is filled to the brim with people that ask no question from those that claim to lead them, a people that lionize the rouges that steal from their barn and are mobilized easily to wage sentimental wars that short-change them in the long run. So to remain relevant, Ekweremadu and his fellow slave-drivers are hooked permanently on abusing and insulting Buhari. This creepy fellow sees a perpetual political relevance in waking daily and making insouciant comments about Buhari. They know who they are dealing with and are assured of the perpetual value for such perfidy. They are hooked with a people that easily confers political relevance on those of their people that grew rich from the common purse; a race that cares less about life-changing projects but more about lionizing the most egregious thieves that grow fat from looting the common patrimony.

In the eight years, he was deputy senate president under PDP, Ekweremadu has nothing to show tan his massive wealth. In the three years he had been dressed in the stolen robe of deputy senate president in an APC government, Ekweremadu has his unceasing abuse on Buhari and his sudden pro-Igbo rants as enough democracy dividend for him to continue being in the Senate. He is not missing that opportunity so he must rant, he must pontificate as a rabid Igbo irredentist and with these, he is assured of the votes of his people. That is enough democracy dividend for them. Buhari can take the blame for every other thing.

Since 2015, ranting against Buhari has become quite a rewarding venture in Igboland and this is what the Ekweremadus who have absolutely nothing to show for their long stay in the inner coves of power to their befuddled fellow Igbo play with glee. No one is bound to ask him how he grew so rich while his constituents and indeed Igbo have nothing to show for his stay in power. No one demands any account from him. He is above board so long as he keeps abusing Buhari. No one queries what he brought for Igbo as deputy senate president for 15 years. Abusing and hauling invectives on Buhari is enough democracy dividend for Ndigbo in post-2015 Nigeria. It is sure vote-catching gimmick and the rump of the waning PDP in Igboland are lapping so hugely on this. He believes that he is assured of perpetual electoral value amongst Igbo so long as he hangs unto the anti-Buhari ranting aphrodisiac. It is a durable life wire as he and his ilk navigate Igbo through their blindest political alley since creation.


Peter Claver Oparah.

Ikeja, Lagos.

E-mail: peterclaver2000@yahoo.com

http://saharareporters.com/2018/07/23/ekweremadu-and-his-increasing-anti-buhari-rants-peter-claver-oparah

[/s] rubbish as usual

Hope this statement wasn't "Doctored".

[s]

247tops:
The Emergence of Political Organisations in Nigeria

The 19th century did not witness the emergence of any political party which could serve as a vehicle for airing grievances and expressing the aspiration of Nigerians continuously. By 20th century the fact of the British presence had been brought home so forcibly to the people by various military expedition sent out to conquer groups resisting the imposition of British rule and by the introduction of a number of measures-water rate, land appropriation and capitation tax to mention but a few-what it was felt that the old political method practiced in Lagos of public meeting and sending petitions to governors became inadequate and the political organisations began to make their appearance. The first of such organisations was the peoples union formed by Dr. Obasa and Randle specifically to agitate against the water rate but generally to champion the interests of the people of Lagos. This body became popular almost immediately and attracted members from all sections of the community-educated Africans, Chiefs and Muslim leaders. Its failure, however to prevent the imposition of water rate in 1916 considerably reduced its popularity. The organization was also handicapped by constant disagreement and bickerings among its leaders. With the emergence of the National Council of British West Africa (NCBWA) in 1920 and the Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP) in 1923, the organization lost the majority of its supporters and by 1926 it has completely ceased to exist.

Two years after the formation of the people’s union another organization – The Lagos Ancillary of the Aborigines Right Profession Society (LAAPRS) made its appearance. Though this, a humanitarian body it is nevertheless relevant to our discussion because in a colony it is difficult to draw a clear line of demarcation between political issues and humanitarian questions. The organization ostensibly came into existence to champion the interest of Nigerians generally, but its attention was taken up by the agitation over the land question. In 1912 fear was greatly entertained that the land system in Northern Nigeria whereby all land was taken over by the administration and held in trust for the people would be introduced into the south. Educated Africans were convinced that this would be the first step toward depriving Nigerians for their land. They believed that if they succeed in preventing the system from being extended to the south, the battle for its destruction in the North could then be succeeded waged. The movement like the peoples union attracted important personalities in Lagos amongst its members were Bishop James Johnson, Mojola Agbebi, C.A. Sapara-Williams, J. Da-Rocha Cardoso, A. Alakija and J.P. Jakson, the editor of the Lagos Weekly. Record it organized a deputation to London to present its views on land question to the British Government. The delegation was discredited by the quarrels which broke out among its member over the delegation fund. There were accusations of embezzlement against some of the members of the delegation. The organization did not survive for long.

It can be seen that the two organisations established before 1914 were not very effective. Moreover, they came into existence to champion specific causes. They did not possess effective organization or/an ideology. They therefore depended for their existence not on programmes but on personalities. This, in fact was the major reason for their ineffectiveness. However, with the outbreak of war and the political awareness generated by it, a number of organization which were more dynamic came into existence. They were: The Lagos Branch of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, the NCBWA and the NNDP.

Universal Negro Improvement Association
In 1920, a branch of Garvey’s Universal Negro improvement association was formed in Lagos as a result of the initiative with anxiety by the Colonial office because of the belief that Garvey’s movement was a subversive one. Garvey had attracted the attention of British government during the World Negro Convention in New York in 1920 he sent a message of support to the Irish Leader, De Valera. Moreover, his journal, the Negro World was considered to subversive that it was banned not only in Nigeria but throughout West Africa by both the British and the French Governments. The Lagos branch did not survive long owing to the hostility of fellow Nigerian members of the NCBWA and the colonial administration. But during its short span of life it served as an inspiration to men like Ernest Sessi Ikoli, its first secretary, and Nnamdi Azikiwe who was to play leading roles in the Nationalist movement from the thirties. Azikiwe writing about the influence of the Negro world on him stated that the motto of Garveyism “One God, One Aim, One Destiny” appealed to him.

Nationalism: The Early Years:
British rule was disliked by many Nigerians. We shall see this in this research that many ordinary people disliked the changes brought about by the colonial government. The more educated people wanted to play a bigger part in the government of the country. There were many examples, therefore of both the educated people and the masses protesting against colonial rule. In time, these groups were to combine to form what was called the nationalist movement which eventually resulted in the independence of Nigeria in 1960.

Peasant Revolt
In the early years of colonial rule there were many local uprisings throughout Nigeria. In those, people protested against taxation, forced labour on roads and railways, and the destruction of their traditional way of life.

Nationalism Among the Elite
It was seen that the educated people in Lagos resented the fact that they were not allowed to play a part in the government. At first they did not try to get rid of colonialism as a whole. They concentrated on particular grievances. It should also be remembered that both they and the traditional rules were very loyal to British during the first and second world wars and they contributed money to Britain’s war efforts.

The National Congress of British West Africa (NCBWA)
The body was founded by a lawyer from Gold Coast (Ghana) in 1920. Its members came from the four British colonies in West Africa namely; Nigeria, The Gold Coast, Sierra-Leone and the Gambia. They all wanted more power. The congress argued for the following points:
-They wanted half the members of the legislative councils to be elected Africans. (There was a legislative council in each of the colonies, these council issued laws but were dominated by British Councils)
- The elected members of the councils legislative council should control financial affairs.
- There should be a West African University. There should be no discrimination against Africans in the civil service.
In 1920, the congress sent delegation to Britain to argue their cases with British government.

Herbert Macaulay
Herbert Macaulay was a member of Lagos elite. He was particularly concerned with the politics of Lagos.
In 1922, probably partly as a result of the work done by the National Congress of British West Africa, the British introduced a new constitution in Nigeria. Four of the forty-six members of the legislative were to be elected, three from Lagos and one from Calabar. Macaulay could not be elected himself because he had been imprisoned. But he formed a political party called the Nigerian Nationalist Democratic Party. This won all the Lagos seats in elections held in 1923, 1928 and 1933. It was very much a Lagos party. This affected the attitude of its members, they wanted self-government for cities and they wanted to change the system of indirect rule, whereby the educated were kept out of local government and out of most of the country’s law courts.

The Nigerian Youth Movement
This was started in 1934 to protest against the faults of the Yaba Higher College. At first it was called the Lagos Youth Movement but was renamed in 1936. It was founded by a Yoruba Doctor, J.C. Vaughan. After his death, the leader was Samuel Akinsaya and then Ernerst Ikoli.
Unlike the Nigerian National Democratic Party, the N.Y.M tried to be a national movement. It wanted a united and independent Nigeria, and compulsory and free education for all. It also wanted every adult to be able to vote in election and equal opportunities for Nigerians in the civil service. The N.Y.M defeated Macaulay’s party in 1938 but it achieved little and came to an end in 1941 mainly because of internal divisions.

Nnamdi Azikiwe
Azikiwe was an Onitsha Igbo who had managed to go to the U.S.A, for a higher education. Despite great financial hardship he obtained two Masters Degree and many credit for a doctorate and taught in an American University. When he came back to Nigeria he found that the colonial government could not offer him any suitable employment.

He spent three years as a journalist in Gold Coast (Ghana) and then returned to Nigeria in 1937. He started the Newspaper called The West African Pilot. Through the Newspaper, he could criticize the government and he could speak to a large number of Nigerians. Azikiwe joined the NYM before he returned to Nigeria. In 1934, Nigerian Politics was a Lagos affair with frequent brickbats between Macaulay and contemporaries. Zik’s writing were lucid, pungent and poisonous and he knew in politics there were no permanent friends or enemies but only permanent interests. Zik knew the virtue of retreat and strategic seasonal romance and this made him to stay for about half a century at the epicenter of Nigerian politics. The impact of Zik to Nigeria is in two fold:
i. He introduced activisim into Nigerian politics and took politics away from Lagos.
ii. He was the founder of Igbo Nationalism and through him his kinsmen got involved into politics and business which had been the preserve of the Lagos-elite, mostly Yoruba and Brasilians. His publication include: Liberia in World Politics, 1934; Renascent Africa, 1937; The African in Ancient and Mediaeval History, 1938; Land Tenure in Northern Nigeria in 1942; Political Blue Print in Nigeria 1943; Economic Reconstruction of Nigeria, 1943; Economic Rehabilitation of Eastern Nigeria 1955; Dialogue on a New Capital for Nigeria, 1974; Treasury of West African Poetry, etc”

Nationalism: The Later Years
In the period looked at the previous units, both the Britain and the educated Nigerians taught that colonial rule was going to last for many years. Infact, it was realized after the second world war and only the fifteen years from 1945 to 1960 saw rapid progress towards independence. The reason to this change in attitude can be found both within and outside Nigeria.

International Reasons
The second world war fought from 1939 to 1945 greatly weakened the colonial powers. France was invaded and conquered by the Germans and the French were divided into two bitterly hostile groups. Britain was also defeated by the Germans at one stage and although the British won in the end, the long years of war meant that their economy was badly weakened. This meant that the British found it more difficult to control their colonies.

Many Africans fought abroad, either for the British or for the French. They realized that the British were not the superior beings they had seemed to be. Nigerians fought alongside ordinary British dustmen, taxi drivers, farmed labourers and criminals.
Germany was attempting to dominate Europe. The fight against that country therefore was for freedom and for the right of all people to govern themselves. It was not surprising that the African colonies felt they have the same right.
In 1947, India which for a long time had been part of the British Empire obtained its independence. There was no reason why Nigerians should not be independent as well.

Internal Reasons
Nigerian nationalism developed into much more radical movement which now sought independence.
N.C.N.C
The National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons was formed in 1944. Its president was Herbert Macaulay until he died in 1946, but the party was dominated by Azikiwe. The party included many groups of people, various societies, ethnic unions and trade unions. Azikiwe became a popular hero in the 1940s, particularly among the Igbos. All those Nigerians who could read his newspapers, whether Clerks, Urban workers, traders or teachers, were delighted by his attack on the colonial government.


Obafemi Awolowo
Awolowo was an Ijebu Yoruba who was born in 1909. He had been active in NYM. Like Azikiwe had managed to study abroad, despite great difficulties. He studied law in London, and there he founded a Yoruba cultural organization in 1945 called the Egbe Omo Oduduwa. He opposed Azikiwe resolutely.

The years of Conflict
In 1947, new constitution was put into effect in Nigeria by Sir Arthur Richards, the governor. The constitution was intended to satisfy the demands of the nationalists. The Richards Constitution was opposed because of the following reasons:
- The nationalists has not been consulted
- Out of forty-four seats on the legislative council only four were directly elected;
- Traditional rulers who were unlikely to oppose the colonial government were given powerful place in the legislative council.

One further aspect of the constitution was that it divided Nigeria into three regions; North, East and West.
In 1945, there was general strike which railways, postal and government technical workers took part. They were protesting that the government had not raised their wages despite raising price. Azikiwe supported them in his newspapers.
The NCNC sent a delegation to England to protest about the Richard’s constitution but it achieved little. Its members became involved in squabbles about use of funds and the party became inactive for a while.

A new and more radical movement started. This was called Zikism. At first this was the youth wing of the NCNC but in 1948 when the NCNC was inactive, the Zikists attacked the government strongly. In 1949 the coal miners of Enugu went on strike. A British officer ordered the police to fire them. Twenty miners died, and twenty nine were wounded. This made all Nigerian workers, and more educated people very angry. The Zikists organized riots and called on Nigerians to reject colonial rule. The colonial government imprisoned the Zikist leaders and the movement became weakened and less important.

Finally, the research was based on work of Dr. M.I. Ijomah of Abia State University (Nigeria), I am deeply indebted to him.

Baba Ali Mustapha is with the department of Planning, Research and Statistic, Ministry of Environment, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.

Reference:
The Book “Nigeria-An Anatomy of Development and Retrogression by Dr. M.I. Ijomah, published by Smartlink Publishers, 27th Ochi Street, Achara Layout, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.

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amaniro:
Igbo ft Yoruba




best combo ever.




Yorubas are our distant relatives. Take it or leave it

yeah...."Distant" thats what they will ever be!!

naijaking1:
Without pretending to be more patriotic than others, the fact is that every job and consequent pay has to obey some form of market forces.

If a government anywhere in the World offers me an x amt of money for a y amt of job, it does not make sense to go back and start quoting some constitution that should have been quoted when the deal was been struck in the first place.

Yes, some people may want to work for naija for a penny, kudos to them, but people who put in an honest work should be paid the agreed upon sum.

Whether you are one of the 5 world pediatric reconstructive cardiothoracic surgeon making $1.8-2M in LA or Atlanta, or you're a gifted soccer player making $1M in Europe, the naija government ought to attempt to pay you what your are worth, without fearing that a court would turn around and penalize in the future.

You just can't force an individual to loose his or her level of income all in the name patrotism, and so that politicians will have enough to steal.
If you can't afford the person who earns $1m yearly, then you move on. I am sure Okonjo-Iwuala did not lobby for her job, instead OBJ lobbied her out of the World bank.

Naija people no dey understand salary. That's why the government can afford to owe people for more than 2 months without pay, and yet there will be no riot.

If you earn every kobo of your salary, there is no way someone could hold on to it without expecting a revolution. Period.

thank God people like you still exist

BankeSmalls:
8. He does not know the exact place he lost his primary school certificate

Rossikki:
I'm tired of being polite to people who reason like animals.

How can you be wishing and praying for your own country to fail?

Is Buhari Nigeria? If because you hate Buhari you don't want anything he does to impact positively on the lives of Nigerians, then it means you are in it for yourself. You don't actually love Nigerians. You love yourself, and your own personal principles/ideology.

That makes you selfish, and unworthy of polite consideration.

country
ˈkʌntri/Submit
noun
1.
a nation with its own government, occupying a particular territory.
"the country's increasingly precarious economic position"
synonyms: state, nation, sovereign state, kingdom, realm, territory, province, principality, palatinate, duchy, empire, commonwealth More
2.
districts and small settlements outside large urban areas or the capital.
"the airfield is right out in the country"
synonyms: countryside, green belt, great outdoors



nation
ˈneɪʃ(ə)n/Submit
noun
a large body of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular state or territory.
"the world's leading industrialized nations"
synonyms: country, state, land, sovereign state, nation state, kingdom, empire, republic, confederation, federation, commonwealth, power, superpower, polity, domain;



She deserves all the insult that she can get. Nigeria isn't a Nation. neither is it a country. We are just a group of nationalities in a geographical space. i knew that she would be frustrated and it is happening because the reason for the APC take over was done for selfish interest. nobody is patriotic to anything we are just deceiving our selves. SOME TIMES WHEN PEOPLE SAY "YOUR COUNTRY" i try to understand what exactly they mean. you cant be called fellow citizens when you hate each other. OIL is the thing that joins us together and one day Africa would be reorganized. everybody with his or her own country. one that we can be patriotic to. for now, let us still remain the crabs in a bucket....

tofolo:
Na dia way, meanwhile when you ask an Edo man to sculpture a Lion for you.

na wa o!

Mynd44:
A state where the governor has beenknown to use the NURTW boys to block a federal road to prevent lawmakers feom sitting.

A state where the governor reportedly slapped a sitting judge

A state where the governor locked up a king for 5 months.

And you ask why the people did not celebrate his loss even while he remains?

Is it so difficult?

so this dude bans people with this mindset? a moderator taking sides. i can guess where he is from that would be very easy

I hope he passes his WAEC.

SUPERPACK:
These are the benze Keke that will replace Okada in Onitsha and Awka.(PICS). Tested and trusted.

no source

[s]

almajiri101:
2019 Presidential election is fast approaching,the enemies of this nation are uniting,they are planning to come back to power and hold this country unto ransom once again.

- The media are angry,why? There is no more free money from the government.

- The Ex generals are murmuring, Why? There is no sign President Buhari will renew their oil blocks contract.

- Social cultural groups are grumbling, Why? No more Ghana must go bags of money to support Buhari.

- The Royal Fathers are shouting, Why? Buhari did not pay homage with cars and cash gifts.

- The Legislators are not cooperating, Why? No more budgets padding and bribes before passing of the budgets.

- Corrupt Religious leaders are lamenting, Why? No more shady arms contracts.

- Corrupt Civil Servants are not supportive, Why? No more corrupt practices, BVN and TSA have exposed their sharp practices.

- The spoilt kids are bitter, Why? PMB has made people to understand that their parents are not that rich.

Having realized the set of people that want to set this country ablaze because of their controversial ways of living, I pray that The Almighty God should help President Muhammadu Buhari overcome all these obstacles and take Nigeria to the promised land

LADIES AND GENTLEMEN WE STAND WITH A MAN OF HONOR, CHARACTER AND INTEGRITY.

[/s]

Yoruba4Life:
Yayyyyy! Great victory news for the poor 9ja masses!

One by one... Patiently waiting for Tinubu, all the senators, governors, ministers et al...

To the dead old mofo.. Rest-In-Pieces !!!

GutsOverFear:
He may be big but if you look deeper and he's d one begging them for pictures.. Just see how reluctant Arsene Wenger is and the fake smile without showing teeth on Collina's face..

Drogba just gave him the privilege being a fellow black man

And you saw all these things from one picture? oshe Adobe Photo Shop