ifyalways: Odumchi na ChineneyM eeeh. Unu abuo ka e nweta section ke unu,Ngwa na Arochukwu.
O ginidi sef A nam agbali oge nile igu ihe unu na-ede but I always fail . . .and I so dislike that,failing that is.
Ka m jukwa,O putara na unu a maghi ede/asu Igbo Izugbe ka Olumba unu masiri unu nke ukwu?
Biko ewekwala iwe. Ndi Igbo si na ihe nmadi eji me ihe, onye ohu ga echefuya. Mowo, otu a ihurum ebe a, ebe a wu soso ebe nmwere ike ide ihe na Igbo. O na amasijem ide ihe na okwu ndi akukum ka m'hari ichefuya.
Otu a i si na inaghi ahotazi ya, m'ga edewe Izugbe na threadi a.
Lekwe ihe m'dere oge ohu: M'si na agam amutazi edemede Izugbe. M'sikwa oha, k ka unu mere? M'si na onye obula were ezigbo ubochi ifunanya.
aribisala0: Guy if the evidence does not fit your agenda ignore.And stick with what does. That seems to be your philosophy
I asked you very specific questions
Are you aware of other books or works that disagree with Ehret?
Why do you prefer Ehret's account to all others
this book says Nri is the oldest kingdom Where ? Igboland,West africa or the Universe.the quote you gave does not answer this very direct question
I cited evidence to show that Kanem Empire was known in the 6th century no response. The Benin Kingdom before it became an empire was known in 900 AD LOUD SILENCE
Yet you want me to accept this mediocre nonsense, Remember you called me out by quoting me but lack the intellectual stamina to engage with the issues
.You are bereft of scholastic willingness to consider alternative hypothesis and are clearly out of your depth.
Note my moniker .i really do not indulge mediocrity.
My mind is open on the subject but you are incapable or unwilling to exchange ideas meaningfully.
All I hear from you is a book,ONE BOOK, by this American guy tell us Nri is the Oldest kingdom in Nigeria and we should digest it.
This is the quote you supplied "The earliest kingdom we know of was the Nri state. In the eight and ninth centuries, it was located to the immediate east of the middle parts if the lower Niger River, an in and along the Northern fringe of the rainforest. It's population was apparently Igbo, "
Once again I ask where is he referring to Igboland,Nigeria,Africa or the Universe?. Now you say 948 . For your info do not let any white man deceive you there have been Kingdoms in Nigeria before Christ.
Lol. Like I said earlier, I'm not going engage in any debates or arguments on this issue because they lead us no where. There is no brain-cracking involved or needed to digest what I wrote. People like Ehret and the hundreds of other scholars on the Internet have already devoted a significant part of their lives studying this and they have arrived at a conclusion. It's one thing if only Ehret arrived at this conclusion, but when many scholars arrive at a similar conclusion, it speaks volumes.
I don't really know what you want me to do for you. If you're questioning the date and location of Nri, here it is:
odumchi: I'm not here to toil away and redo work that's already been done. That book I cited clearly explained that Nri is Nigeria's oldest kingdom. If you don't believe the book, google it and if you still don't believe that then I don't know what to tell you.
The book dates the founding of Nri kingdom at 948 ce. If you'd like to dispute that also then go and google it.
As for the Kanem Empire, it was not founded in Nigeria. Although founded in the 600s BCE, it was founded in Chadic North Africa. The Kanem Empire broke up in 1380 CE and from it's ruins the Borno Empire (of Northeastern Nigeria) was founded in that same year.
I don't know anything about the Edo kingdom in 900 CE. From what I've read, the Edo kingdom was founded in 1100 CE and transitioned into the Edo Empire in 1440.
Remember, we aren't trying to reinvent the wheel. We don't have to prove anything all over again because the work of people like Ehret is available. If people kept on going back to prove what their predecessors already proved, imagine how backward we would be.
aribisala0: Odumchi try and talk without assuming that you are next to God in knowledge. Intelligent people provide evidence when they assert. I can say everything you have said and substitute the word LOKOJA FOR NRI. Oh Odumchi said it. IT must be FACT
SUCH A MONUMENTAL CLAIM AS YOU ARE MAKING REQUIRES MORE SCHOLARSHIP THAN MR CHRISTOPHER EHRET'S [b]if you are a sincere enquirer you must tell us whether there are any contradictory views in the literature [/b]and why,on balance,you prefer this one. To cite one guy who supports your point of view is disingenious and shoddy. You appear only to have sought the evidence for and totally shunned the evidence against of which there is legion. THIS IS NOT A CHURCH OR MOSQUE where we operate on faith. For you to claim Nri is oldest you should provide research that list at least the top 5 oldest in terms of longevity .Personally I do know which is oldest but i know how to scrutinize claims about it. You quoted me but ignored the bit about KanemBornu. How old is that?? Or is that question inconvenient? Of course you are entitled to your pet theories but if you must quote me or seek to engage me then you must possess the intellectual curiosity and rigor to question assumptions and consider alternatives.
You talk about organized
please define organized??
for christ's sake ? Even a man his 3 wives and 10 children are organized!
what exactly is "ORGANIZED"?
You say NOK was not a kingdom it was a culture AND YOU KNOW THIS HOW? What evidence do you know of that Nri was a kingdom and not a republic?
odumchi: I'm not here to toil away and redo work that's already been done. That book I cited clearly explained that Nri is Nigeria's oldest kingdom. If you don't believe the book, google it and if you still don't believe that then I don't know what to tell you.
The book dates the founding of Nri kingdom at 948 ce. If you'd like to dispute that also then go and google it.
aribisala0: Nri was the first group to develop an organized royal hierarchy. I go die oooooooooo
ORGANIZED ROYAL HIERARCHY
what is this?
Exactly
where is the evidence for this claim
who were the second
what position are Kanembornu,Benin and Igala[b]
You see the Kanems did not wait for Ehret. They took matters into their own hands and WROTE IT DOWN in a nice little record called The GIRGAM[/b] WE also know from WRITTEN accounts of Arab scholars ,not wild vainglorious assertions ,of the Kanem Empire's existence in the 9th century.
I like to think before you have an empire you must have had a kingdom at an earlier time,no? Let me tell you this for a fact :
those people who did WASC or GCE in the 70s/80s and took history, never heard of NRI KINGDOM. It was not in the textbooks. Certainly Onwubiko did not write about it then. What is being exposited now is no less than a paradigm shift and needs more than "AUTHORITATIVE DECLARATIONS". If we are to accept these NEW claims a lot more scholarship is required. We must remember[b] Ei incumbit probatio qui dicit, non qui negat[/b] It is incumbent on those who declare/assert to prove NOT on those who deny
aribisala0: You say . "Its golden years were from the 800s-1100s."
What exactly happened during these golden years?
Would yo be kind enough to share the source of this insight?
Finally on your excerpt from Ehret
That quote "The earliest kingdom we know of was the Nri state." earliest where? in Igboland,Nigeria West Africa,Africa or the Universe.? Any such claim must cite a specific year known or probabilistic in order to make meaningful comparison so when is the earliest date you can tell us that Nri was in existence(evidence please!)
I'm not here to toil away and redo work that's already been done. That book I cited clearly explained that Nri is Nigeria's oldest kingdom. If you don't believe the book, google it and if you still don't believe that then I don't know what to tell you.
The book dates the founding of Nri kingdom at 948 ce. If you'd like to dispute that also then go and google it.
Let me just say something. Nri is in fact Nigeria's (and possibly Sub-Saharan West Africa's) oldest established kingdom. It isn't the oldest group or the oldest culture but Nri was the first group to develop an organized royal hierarchy. Its golden years were from the 800s-1100s.
This excerpt from Christopher Ehret's Civilizations of Africa attests to this fact: "The earliest kingdom we know of was the Nri state. In the eight and ninth centuries, it was located to the immediate east of the middle parts if the lower Niger River, an in and along the Northern fringe of the rainforest. It's population was apparently Igbo, "
Here's another: "The Nri was a king, in other words, whose legitimacy was rooted in the kind of authority exerted by the old ritual chiefs of the Nigeria-Congo civilization".
Now about Nok. Nok was not a kingdom. It was a culture. Nok culture is just a term used to envelope the peoples in and around the city of Nok who exhibited traits of "early civilization".
Kanem does in fact predate Nri, but it's origins do not lie in Nigeria or West Africa for the matter. Kamen was a Chadic city-state that grew (in size) with it's conquests.
There are numerous archaeological findings that have supported the fact that Nri was a kingdom. I can't provide pictures here but if you google it, you will see that there are many. Nigeria's oldest flywhisk was discovered in Nri and the excavations of an Nri burial site showed a "mumified" king ornamented in regal attire and buried with other tools including a royal stool. Also, the fact that there is an Eze Nri today supports this. The current Eze Nri is the latest monarch in Nigeria's oldest dynasty.
Some of those archaeological findings which you spoke about are real, but none of them were discovered in an "organized kingdom". I'm not saying that no ethnic group or city-state existed prior to Nri, but Nri was the first to develop an organized monarchy.
aribisala0: Fire and Brimstone!
Please feel free to call me a bigot or whatever else you fancy. Your lack of restraint in abusing people is amusing. Of course anyone that disagrees with you is an OBOTE MAN Effective formula to remove dissent . Label your opponents and your work is done!
It helps to avoid the real issue
Have there been excavations elsewhere in Nigeria or is it just Nri. Excavations have shown human presence all over Nigeria for millenia not just 8th century Certainly the Nok civilization is several millenia old. The Kanem Bornu empire was around in the 6th century. Surely before you become an empire you start out as a kingdom,no? There is evidence of people at okigwe thousands of years before Christ! Excavations at the site of the Kainji dam show metal working 200 years BC so this Nri is oldest claim deserves scrutiny There certainly were Nok Kingdoms in Jos long before Nri It is importhat to define "kingdom" Any independent community that has a "king" is a kingdom and there have been loads of those in Nigeria for millenia not just the 8th Century
The claim that it is OLDEST [/b]requires evidence.
[b]What evidence is there that NRI is the oldest kingdom in Nigeria OR that it was indeed a kingdom and NOT a Republic Or even the oldest in Igboland. Have excavations proven that NRI was a kingdom?
Evidence,evidence,evidence. Finally we must be wary of assuming that everything excavated from under our feet has something to do with us. Maybe maybe not especially as some excavates are 10000 years old(i say this generally and not about Nri necessarily)
Beowulf: Odumchi, where in New York are you exactly? I used to live in upper Manhattan before I returned home. I am glad there are young folks listening to all these songs. This is how posterity thrives. I thank God for my parents who played all these "old school" songs around us. We really learnt a lot from these songs-not most of these modern music that is all noise and bereft of content
I live in the Bronx. And yeah, highlife music is the art of story telling. Personally, I prefer a good dose of Morocco Maduka over a contemporary musician like say Bracket.
ChinenyeN: Okay. New York. I can see how that would help facilitate such a level of in-tune-ness. By the way, let me ask you (just a random question, not intended to diverge away from the Highlife topic), how did you come to know that the bulk of Ikwere were from Aro, Mbaise and Ngwa?
Well, I've read a bit about the history of the people we now as Ikwerre and from what I read, I've inferred that long-distance merchants, slave traders, and other settlers from the said places were mainly responsible for the settlement of Ikwerreland. I also asked questions.
ChinenyeN: Of course I'm surprised. It's surprising to see someone that young, so in-tune like this, and even displaying a level of fluency in their lect and general Igbo. Are you in the States? Very true.
Lol thanks. And yes, I am in the states. New York to be exact.
Beowulf: Wesley, Pazienza and ChinenyeN, you guys are making my eyes well up with tears discussing these highlife legends!
Ali Chukwuma, the philosophical bent of his songs make me love him to bits! Maybe because I am melancholic. My brother and I are so crazy about Ali Chukwuma that we would call each other on the phone and play any new Ali Chukwuma's song we hear to each other. My brother and I are always buying up Ali's CDs. God bless those who has transmitted them into CDs. I am in my late twenties and people laugh at me that I am so old school and should not have been born in this generation. LOL. Do you know that Ali Chukwuma sang a tribute to Celestine Ukwu? I have the song on my BB. You should listen to that song-I promise you you will cry. Is it me or is the Delta Igbo dialect good for making sorrowful songs?
Celestine Ukwu, what can I say about this great man? Songs like "Chekwube Olisa" "uso ndu" "onwunwa abia" keep me grounded and always conscious of my mortality. He was the most philosophical of his contemporaries. His "igede" remains a masterpiece.
Enyinnaya Abaribe and Peacocks band, God bless them for giving us eternal tracks like "Igbuolam obieze" "nwanne aga alunu nwane alu" "uba bu uwa". That Imo/Abia dialect of theirs did eternal justice to these tracks and ma.
Charles Iwegbue, another great musician with his tribute to Patrice Lumumba. His "ejelunor", "salim ye" are nice gems.
Ofege, Wrinker's Experience should also be commended.
Afam Ogbuotobo, Ozoemena Nsugbue, Okonkwo Asa 77, Okonkwo Adibe, Paulson Kalu, Ikenga superstars are all very worthy of mention.
I could go on and on but let me stop here for now. Didn't know there are so many kindred spirits like you out there
You've just added to my list of songs I have to listen to
@Topic: Well, I'm going to be honest, I don't really know any names in Highlife except for Sir Warrior and Peacocks International, but I love the musical genre. It's #2 on my list of all-time favorite genres.
Uba Awuu Nwa is one of my all-time favorite songs, period.
Lol surprised?
And yes, Uba Awuu Nwa is a very good song. The good thing about highlife is that it lives irrespective of the lifespan of it's creators. Music from the 60s 70s and 80s is still being enjoyed today.
Andre Uweh: You are a pride of Igboland and with the work you have done online, Ndigbo are fond of you. But am so surprised that you do not know that such a celebrated Igbo musician has died since the 90's. It will be strange for a reggae lover to discuss Bob Marley and Reggae without knowing that the legend has died long time ago.
Andre Uweh: Sir Warrior died about 15 years ago, I can't believe you do not know that.
I'm not as old as you think I may be lol. Since he died 15 years ago, that means that he died when I was only a year old. Besides, I've been listening to Highlife music ever since I was a small child but it's only now that I'm beginning to pay real attention to it.
There are still highlife musicians but many of these guys aren't as adventurous as their predecessors. We still have guys like Sunny Bobo, ND Stanley, Dan Orji, Pastor Apiriwa, Saro Wiwa, Pericoma Okoye, Sir Warrior, Teddy Obinna, and etc. but the power of their music is not to be compared with the pioneers of Igbo highlife (Osadebe, Oriental Bros, Oliver De Coque, and Morroco Maduka).
What if find interesting is that most of what we have now is "regional" music. What I mean by that is some of the music we have now is town praise. For example, you won't listen to a Sunny Bobo or Stanley Song that isn't "Owerre orientated". On the other hand, the original high-life creaters produced music that was for all Igbos in general. I'm not saying that the music now isn't for all Igbos but I think we could do with less "Owerre ri nma, ala Owerre ba ma nma" and more storytelling.
Other than this, highlife is alive and strong in the east.
The funny thing is that most of these people called Ikwerre are the descendants of Igbo settlers from my town (Arochukwu), Mbaise and Ngwaland but I digress.
Prior to Nairaland, I had never heard anything about Ndi mba Ikwerre not being Igbo. The last time I was in Port Harcourt (which wasn't too long ago), I stayed with my uncle (who's an Ngwa man) and his friend (who was Ikwerre). We all conversed freely in Igbo and in the whole conversation, I never heard him explicitly say or even imply that he wasn't Igbo. It was nothing more than three Igbos conversing.
EzeCanada: I am the great grand son of Eri. The progenitor of the Igbo race. Eri first settled in Obu Gad in Enugu Aguleri, in the present day Aguleri Kingdom.
Eri is one of Gad's son while Gad is one the sons of Jacob. The progenitor of the present day Israel.
Please visit below link for more info and details.
Abagworo: I think this aspect of land you discussed is almost universal to every culture but what I mean is this. I for example acquired landed properties in places that I don't have use for them. I did that as a store of wealth. I noticed too that most of my Igbo friends are guilty of same while my non-Igbo friends only buy landed properties where they either want to live or do business making them own maximum of 2 landed properties. I think we have developed a culture of referencing landed properties as the major mark of success to an extent that an Igbo will rather trek to work than to buy a car. He would rather go off town with the car money and acquire a cheap land.
I think it's due to the fact that land is a potentially profitable investment. If you think about it logistically, a plot of virgin forestland might cost 500k but once a road or some avenue of transportation is built near it, the price can hike ten fold. Having land also means that you are an established man/woman and it opens many opportunities for you and your family both economically and socially.
Another interesting thing is that a large portion of the land in ali Igbo is yet to be bought or sold by individuals.
Abagworo, most of this "reverence for land" is as old as our people itself. In Igboland, land is the dearest commodity because land meant that one's family or household had been established. With land, you can raise families, build houses, farm yam, harvest palm fruits, produce wine, manufacture palm oil and etc.
However today, land is mostly used for construction or just family establishment. Back then and today, the amount of land one has in a community also reflects that person's status and importance.
Ndipe: Which aspects of our culture needs to be abolished in today's era of enlightenment? One is the idea of organizing a lavish funeral upon the death of a relative. People get into debt to satisfy the mandate of tradition for fear of looking bad in front of others or worse, being afraid that the 'ghost' of the deceased (particularly, if they had a high ranking title in the village) haunt them subsequently for dispossessing their corpse in a shallow manner. Cows, Goats, bags of rice are bought and fed to the teeming crowds in expensive uniforms of lace and agbada adorned with pictures of the deceased while guests will praise you, "You don do am, now your papa go rest in peace, not realizing you are under pressure racking your brain on how to offset the bills in the forth coming months or even years.
What else?
The sad thing is that some of these people are only remembered when they are dead.
Umu nnem, inyi hapu onye a na eku "obodo ndi ojie". Avughim uru di na isa ya okwu. Na uchem, ihe a dum o dere ebe a adapusaghi afu. Ihe o na e liiri inyi wu onya, ka anyi gba ya nkiti.
One_Naira: ha, insult upon injury. What did an Edo man do you? As an Anambra man, there's a high chance you have an Edo ancestry so there is a high chance you are insulting your great great great great grandfather.
Let's stop this. Everything that needs to be said has already been said.
That Igbo video you posted was sung in an Eastern dialect. What we are talking about here is Western Igbo. I'm not saying Western Igbo sounds like or resembles Edo. I'm just saying that when you make your comparisons use the right dialects.
Try this one sung in Ika (FYI Igbanke are situated in Edo and they answer, Ikechukwu, Osita, Chima and etc).
jason123: It is spelt ITSEKIRI (THERE IS NO "H". As there is a "g" in Igbo not Ibo. Thank you! This is no insult, this is a fact! If anything, the Binis influenced the Western Igbo! Haba! I have never heard an Emeka or Uche as an indigene of Edo state (there may be but I have not heard) but I have heard Balogun, Tunde, Dele etc, I have also heard an Ose, Osa, Omo, etc as Yoruba! Make una clam down with the claims! This is one of the reasons why I would always advocate for Southern Nigeria! As to prevent a crazy war because I know if there is a war among southerners, IT WILL BE THE WAR TO END ALL WARS!!! The Igbos will not want to give up (read up on the Biafra war and the Arochukwu). The Yorubas also have there pride to keep (read up on the Fulani wars against a single Yoruba clan, not the whole race o! and the Kiriji war). The SS would remain neutrals, an attempt by individuals to hijack our goodwill in the SS will be strongly resisted!