₦airaland Forum

illiteracy & ignorance is the major factor for this

nice one

HIGHLY UNCONSTITUTIONAL!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

davidylan:
the thermostat mechanism is best for me. Be hot when you need to be and withdraw if its not reciprocated. You cant waste your time and effort on someone who wont appreciate it.

But when its a woman i'm deeply involved with . . . warm all the way. You wont need to ask, you'll know, feel and hear it often.

my tots exactly cos trying to curtail these feelings with someone ur involved with might cost u the relationship but again it depends on who you are dealing with

some students have done just that & won the case, i believe you have a good one

why do they keep selling? maybe there's something they are not telling us

ab1989:
Itching can come in any form and it may be viral or parasitica[/b]l which you can cure by giving your body what it needs to boost your immunity and the one you will use to clear the outer effects. The 2 products you need are Aloe propolis tablets and Aloe propolis cream i will direct you to the company selling them if you are interested. they are neither drugs or cosmetics but supplements that will feed your body to function well with no known side effects.
For more information contact me on 08032451201 or orelusimodupe@yahoo.com

from your post its obvious ur one of the [b]charlatans who is more interested in selling his wares than for the welfare of others.
how come ur quick to prescribe your magic potion which u claim is suppose to solve evry problem when you are not even sure of what is wrong with him
are u aware that test should be done to diagnose a disease as some present similar symptoms
i suggest you stop this quackery & enroll urself into medical school if you must help others
@op
like i said before, go see a doctor so that proper test can be carried out to diagnose the problem
all these herbal wares will do you more harm than good

cos the bad ones are fun to be with, they know how to treat a woman (atleast until they get them). they are never boring & u just cant predict them

platinumnk:
aww thank u baby

anytime sweet

platinumnk:
we're all alone in the courtroom again

Continue from where we left off

platinumnk:
lock na2day and throw away the key!!!

hello sweets

a Love Machine

i cherish her uniqueness, maturity, boldness, easy going attitude & a lot more. i just love her for been her

sagacious:
Hello,

It almost a year now,I use to feel itching in between my forth finger and the color will be reddish and black,It might itch for 3days after which it will go naturally and i notice re-occurence of this in recent time.Please what could this be? and what can i use to cure it?

go see a physician ASAP

naijaking1:

the guy no dey tire oo

go get checked by a physician ASAP as there could be many causes to this problem

there's is nothing wrong in having sex in daytime but be careful as she might be into some diabolic stuff

What is bedwetting?

Bedwetting, also called nocturnal enuresis, is the involuntary passage of urine (urinary incontinence) while asleep. Inherent in the definition of bedwetting is satisfactory bladder control while the person is awake.

Are there types of bedwetting?

Two types of bedwetting occur:

   1. Primary enuresis -- bedwetting since infancy; and


   2. Secondary enuresis -- wetting developed after being continually dry for a minimum of six months.

from your explanation it seems you are suffering from the second type

How common is secondary bedwetting?

Only approximately 2%-3% of all children with bedwetting have a medical cause for the condition.

What causes secondary bedwetting?

Urinary tract infections,
metabolic disorders (for example, various types of diabetes),
external pressure on the bladder (for example, extreme constipation by a large rectal stool mass), as well as
neurologic disorders of the spinal cord must be considered among the causes of secondary bedwetting.

How is the cause of secondary bedwetting diagnosed?

Generally, a complete history and thorough physical exam provide the initial evaluation of a child with primary bedwetting. A urinalysis and urine culture generally complete the workup. Further laboratory and radiological studies are usually reserved for the youngster who presents with secondary bedwetting.

What is the treatment for secondary bedwetting?

Therapy of secondary bedwetting is directed at the primary pathology provoking the symptom of wetting the bed. As expected, cure rates vary with the primary cause of the loss of control.

What is the outlook (prognosis) for children with bedwetting?

In the medical world of today, both primary and secondary bedwetting should be a manageable condition with a reasonable goal of successfully eliminating patient anxiety, frustration, and embarrassment.

What is endometriosis?

Endometriosis is the growth of cells similar to those that form the inside of the uterus (endometrial cells), but in a location outside of the uterus. Endometrial cells are the same cells that are shed each month during menstruation. The cells of endometriosis attach themselves to tissue outside the uterus and are called endometriosis implants. These implants are most commonly found on the ovaries, the Fallopian tubes, outer surfaces of the uterus or intestines, and on the surface lining of the pelvic cavity. They can also be found in the vagina, cervix, and bladder, although less commonly than other locations in the pelvis. Rarely, endometriosis implants can occur outside the pelvis, on the liver, in old surgery scars, and even in or around the lung or brain. Endometrial implants, while they can cause problems, are benign (not cancerous).

Who is affected by endometriosis?

Endometriosis affects women in their reproductive years. The exact prevalence of endometriosis is not known, since many women may have the condition and have no symptoms. Endometriosis is estimated to affect over one million women (estimates range from 3% to 18% of women) in the United States. It is one of the leading causes of pelvic pain and reasons for laparoscopic surgery and hysterectomy in this country. While most cases of endometriosis are diagnosed in women aged around 25-35 years, endometriosis has been reported in girls as young as 11 years of age. Endometriosis is rare in postmenopausal women. Endometriosis is more commonly found in white women as compared with African American and Asian women. Studies further suggest that endometriosis is most common in taller, thin women with a low body mass index (BMI). Delaying pregnancy until an older age is also believed to increase the risk of developing endometriosis.

What causes endometriosis?

The cause of endometriosis is unknown although different theories abound


What are endometriosis symptoms?

Most women who have endometriosis, in fact, do not have symptoms. Of those who do experience symptoms, the common symptoms are pain (usually pelvic) and infertility. Pelvic pain usually occurs during or just before menstruation and lessens after menstruation. Some women experience pain or cramping with intercourse, bowel movements and/or urination. Even pelvic examination by a doctor can be painful. The pain intensity can change from month to month, and vary greatly among women. Some women experience progressive worsening of symptoms, while others can have resolution of pain without treatment.

Endometriosis can be one of the reasons for infertility in otherwise healthy couples. When laparoscopic examinations are performed for infertility evaluations, endometrial implants can be found in some of these patients, many of whom may not have painful symptoms of endometriosis. The reasons for a decrease in fertility are not completely understood, but might be due to both anatomic and hormonal factors.

Other symptoms related to endometriosis include:

* lower abdominal pain,

* diarrhea and/or constipation,

* low back pain,

* irregular or heavy menstrual bleeding, or

* blood in the urine.

Rare symptoms of endometriosis include chest pain or coughing blood due to endometriosis in the lungs and headache and/or seizures due to endometriosis in the brain.

Endometriosis and cancer risk

Women with endometriosis have a mildly increased risk for development of certain types of cancer of the ovary, known as epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). This risk seems to be highest in women with endometriosis and primary infertility (those who have never borne a child), but the use of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs), which are sometimes used in the treatment of endometriosis, appears to significantly reduce this risk.


How is endometriosis diagnosed?

1. from symptoms
2. rectovaginal exam (one finger in the vagina and one finger in the rectum), the doctor can feel nodules (endometrial implants) behind the uterus and along the ligaments that attach to the pelvic wall
3. ultrasound
For an accurate diagnosis, a direct visual inspection inside of the pelvis and abdomen, as well as tissue biopsy of the implants are necessary.

As a result, the only accurate way of diagnosing endometriosis is at the time of surgery, either by opening the belly with[b] large-incision laparotomy or small-incision laparoscopy.[/b]

During laparoscopy, biopsies (removal of tiny tissue samples for examination under a microscope) can also be performed for a diagnosis. Sometimes biopsies obtained during laparoscopy show endometriosis even though no endometrial implants are seen during laparoscopy.

Pelvic ultrasound and laparoscopy are also important in excluding malignancies (such as ovarian cancer) that can cause symptoms that mimic endometriosis symptoms.

How is endometriosis treated?

Endometriosis can be treated with medications and/or surgery. The goals of endometriosis treatment may include pain relief and/or enhancement of fertility.

Medical treatment of endometriosis

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen or naproxen sodium) are commonly prescribed to help relieve pelvic pain and menstrual cramping. These pain-relieving medications have no effect on the endometrial implants. However, they do decrease prostaglandin production, and prostaglandins are well-known to have a role in production of pain sensation. Because the diagnosis of endometriosis is only definite after a woman undergoes surgery, there will of course be many women who are suspected of having endometriosis based on the nature of their pelvic pain symptoms. In such a situation, NSAIDs are commonly used. If they work to control pain, no other procedures or medical treatments are needed. If they do not relieve the pain, additional evaluation and treatment generally occur.

Since endometriosis occurs during the reproductive years, many of the available medical treatments for endometriosis rely on interruption of the normal cyclical hormone production by the ovaries. These medications include GnRH analogs, oral contraceptive pills, and progestins.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRH analogs)

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRH analogs) have been effectively used to relieve pain and reduce the size of endometriosis implants. These drugs suppress estrogen production by the ovaries by inhibiting the secretion of regulatory hormones from the pituitary gland. As a result, menstrual periods stop, mimicking menopause. Nasal and injection forms of GnRH agonists are available.

The side effects are a result of the lack of estrogen, and include:

* hot flashes,

* vaginal dryness,

* irregular vaginal bleeding,

* mood changes,

* fatigue, and

* loss of bone density (osteoporosis).

Fortunately, by adding back small amounts of estrogen and progesterone in pill form (similar to treatments sometimes used for symptom relief in menopause) many of the annoying side effects due to estrogen deficiency can be avoided. "Add back therapy" is the term that refers to this modern way of administering GnRH agonists along with estrogen and progesterone in a way to keep the treatment successful, but avoid most of the unwanted side effects.

Oral contraceptive pills

Oral contraceptive pills (estrogen and progesterone in combination) are also sometimes used to treat endometriosis. The most common combination used is in the form of the oral contraceptive pill (OCP). Sometimes women who have severe menstrual pain are asked to take the OCP continuously, meaning skipping the placebo (sugar pill) portion of the cycle. Continuous use in this manner will free a woman of having any menstrual periods at all. Occasionally, weight gain, breast tenderness, nausea, and irregular bleeding are mild side effects. Oral contraceptive pills are usually well-tolerated in women with endometriosis.

Progestins

Progestins [for example, medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera, Cycrin, Amen), norethindrone acetate, norgestrel acetate (Ovrette)] are more potent than birth control pills and are recommended for women who do not obtain pain relief from or cannot take a birth control pill.

Side effects are more common and include:

* breast tenderness,

* bloating,

* weight gain,

* irregular uterine bleeding, and

* depression.

Since the absence of menstruation (amenorrhea) induced by high doses of progestins can last many months after cessation of therapy, these drugs are not recommended for women planning pregnancy.

Other drugs used to treat endometriosis

Danazol (Danocrine)

Danazol (Danocrine) is a synthetic drug that creates a high androgen (male type hormone) and low estrogen hormonal environment by interfering with ovulation and ovarian production of estrogen. Eighty percent of women who take this drug will have pain relief and shrinkage of endometriosis implants, but up to 75% of women develop side effects from the drug.

Side effects can include:

* weight gain,

* edema,

* decreased breast size,

* acne,

* oily skin,

* hirsutism (male pattern hair growth),

* deepening of the voice,

* headache,

* hot flashes,

* changes in libido, and

* mood changes.

All of these changes are reversible, except for voice changes; but the return to normal may take many months. Danazol should not be taken by women with certain types of liver, kidney, and heart conditions.

Aromatase inhibitors

A newer approach to the treatment of endometriosis has involved the administration of drugs known as aromatase inhibitors [for example, anastrozole (Arimidex) and letrozole (Femara)]. These drugs act by interrupting local estrogen formation within the endometriosis implants themselves. They also inhibit estrogen production in the ovary, brain, and other sources, such as adipose tissue. Research is still ongoing to characterize the effectiveness of aromatase inhibitors in the management of endometriosis. Aromatase inhibitors cause significant bone loss with prolonged use and cannot be used alone without other medications in premenopausal women because they stimulate development of multiple follicles at ovulation.

Surgical treatment of endometriosis

Surgical treatment for endometriosis can be useful when the symptoms of endometriosis are severe or when there has been an inadequate response to medical treatment. Surgery is the preferred treatment when there is anatomic distortion of the pelvic organs or obstruction of the bowel or urinary tract. Surgical therapies for endometriosis may be either classified as conservative, in which the uterus and ovarian tissue is preserved, or definitive, which involves hysterectomy (removal of the uterus), with or without removal of the ovaries.

Conservative surgery is typically carried out by laparoscopy. Endometrial implants may be excised or obliterated by laser. If the disease is extensive and anatomy is distorted, laparotomy (opening of the abdominal wall via a larger incision) may be required.

While surgical treatments can be very effective in the reduction of pain, the recurrence rate of endometriosis following surgical treatment has been estimated to be as high as 40%. Many doctors recommend for women who have had surgery for endometriosis to take oral medications after surgery to help maintain symptom relief.

Treatment of infertility associated with endometriosis

Endometriosis is more common in infertile, compared to fertile, women. However, the condition usually does not fully prevent conception. Most women with endometriosis will still be able to conceive, especially those with mild to moderate endometriosis. It is estimated that up to 70% of women with mild and moderate endometriosis will conceive within three years without any specific treatment.

The reasons for a decrease in fertility are not completely understood, but might be due to both anatomic and hormonal factors. The presence of endometriosis may involve masses of tissue or scarring (adhesions) within the pelvis that may distort normal anatomical structures, such as Fallopian tubes, which transport the eggs from the ovaries. Alternatively, endometriosis may affect fertility through the production of hormones and other substances that have a negative effect on ovulation, fertilization of the egg, and/or implantation of the embryo. Infertility associated with endometriosis is more common in women with severe forms of the disease.

Treatment options for infertility associated with endometriosis are varied, but most doctors believe that surgical treatments are superior to hormonal or medical treatments for endometriosis when the goal is enhancement of fertility. Assisted reproduction techniques may also be used when appropriate in combination with surgical therapy.

Endometriosis At A Glance

* Endometriosis is the growth of endometrial tissue (cells that normally grow inside the uterus (womb), but in a location outside of the uterus. Endometriosis is most commonly found on other organs of the pelvis.

* The exact cause of endometriosis has not been identified.

* Endometriosis is more common in women who are experiencing infertility than in fertile women, but the condition does not fully prevent conception.

* Most women with endometriosis have no symptoms, in which case therapy is neither appropriate nor necessary.

* Pelvic pain during menstruation or ovulation can be a symptom of endometriosis, but may also occur in normal women.

* Endometriosis can be suspected by the practitioner by the woman's pattern of symptoms, and sometimes during a physical examination, but the definite diagnosis is confirmed by surgery, usually laparoscopy.

* Treatment of endometriosis includes medication and surgery for both pain relief and treatment of infertility if pregnancy is desired.

ANAL FISTULA
A fistula is a tiny channel or tract that develops in the presence of inflammation and infection. It may or may not be associated with an abscess, but like abscesses, certain illnesses such as Crohn's disease can cause fistulas to develop. The channel usually runs from the rectum to an opening in the skin around the anus. However, sometimes the fistula opening develops elsewhere. For example, in women with Crohn's disease or obstetric injuries, the fistula could open into the vagina or bladder.

Since fistulas are infected channels, there is usually some drainage. Often a draining fistula is not painful, but it can irritate the skin around it. An abscess and fistula often occur together. If the opening of the fistula seals over before the fistula is cured, an abscess may develop behind it.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of an abscess is usually made on examination of the area. If it is near the anus, there is always pain, and often redness and swelling. The physician will look for an opening in the skin (a sign that a fistula has developed), and try to determine the depth and direction of the channel or tract of the fistula. However, signs of fistula and abscess may not be present on the skin's surface around the anus. In this case, the physician uses an instrument called an anoscope to see inside the anal canal and lower rectum.

Whenever the physician finds an abscess, and especially a fistula, further tests are needed to be sure Crohn's disease is not present. Blood tests, x-rays, and a colonoscopy (a lighted, flexible scope exam of the bowel or colon) are often required.

Treatment for Anal Fistula

Treatment of anal fistula often varies, depending on whether Crohn's disease is present. Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammation of the bowel, including the small and large intestine. As noted, the physician will often do tests to see if this disease is present. If it is, then prolonged treatment with a variety of medications, including antibiotics, is usually undertaken. Often these medications will cure the infection and heal the fistula.

If Crohn's disease is not present, it still may be worthwhile to try a course of antibiotics. If these do not work, surgery is usually very effective. The surgeon opens the fistula channel so that healing occurs from the inside out. Most of the time, fistula surgery is done on an outpatient basis or with a short hospital stay. Following surgery, there may be mild to moderate discomfort for a few days, but patients usually have a short recovery period.

Bleeding, pain, or drainage from the anus can occur with several illnesses, so a physician should always be consulted. Often the diagnosis is anal fissure, abscess, or fistula. These are problems that are usually easy to diagnose and correct. A variety of treatments, including surgery, are available to correct these conditions. Working together with the physician usually assures a good outcome.

when Jesus commissioned Christians to impact the world for good as the light of the world, he meant that they should improve the lot of the suffering humanity spiritually, socially & economically. he also meant Christians should not exist in neighborhoods where hunger prevails & close their eyes to the hungry humans around them. now that rich Nigerian pastors are doing everything they can to enlist themselves in the class of private jet owners & wear suits that their prices reads like telephone numbers, i wish to remind them of the great responsibility on their shoulders as the custodians of God's money, so that they don't think it was given to them for their personal use.
how can we be surrounded by overwhelming poverty & misery with developed nation coming to render financial help while the sons of our land spend humongous amount on personal splendour especially men of God who are in a better position to appreciate the suffering of humanity
how can a man of God who has been told to "weep with those who weep" and to emulate christ in love and comapassion live in a country were millions weep daily for lack of food, accommodation, medical attention, etc and not support them when he can afford billions of naira for personal luxury?
our rich churches & their pastors should do the following with God's money
- create jobs fr their members by setting up industries
-establish large farms to increase food production & provide employment for their members
- set up housing estates where accommodation can be made available to their poor members at a reasonably cheaper rate, build hospitals where the poor can receive treatment at a rate subsidized by the church and set up scholarship schemes to afford poor student the opportunity to be educated

ABOVE ALL, THEY SHOULD PAY THEIR TITHES COS JESUS PAID HIS WITHOUT COMPLAINTS

IFELEKE:
plat, I agree in principle with you BUT Honourable oxone MUST give me Briefings in my Chambers.
An explanation must be given for allowing My Court to Spiral Out Of Control.

who else but na2day again,
he went after my wife & denigrated my character by suggesting i had something with citizen IBK
i believe he should be held in contempt of the court your honour

life is too short to sit on ur arse & wanna die in silence

tell him how you feel & take it from there

the worse that could happen is he says no which is better than the situation you are in right now cos atleast you'll know u tried