₦airaland Forum

Welcome, Guest: RegisterLoginWith GoogleTrendingRecentNew

Stats: 3,325,153 members, 8,420,585 topics. Date: Friday, 05 June 2026 at 05:01 AM

Toggle theme

Selingel's Posts

Nairaland ForumSelingel's ProfileSelingel's Posts

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ... 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 (of 40 pages)

PropertiesRe: Fashola Stops Building Of New Houses In Lagos by selingel: 2:40pm On Jan 01, 2010
Kay 17:
what kind of dumbass nigga are you? the problem is not tax-paying, its excessive taxation on simple businessmen. it undermines the state's economy. maybe you are a stupiid communist.
Haba Bros!, it has not gotten to that. Do not call anyone such names.
RomanceRe: Pastor Rapes Woman: After Pouring ‘holy Oil’ Into Her Private Part - Latest News by selingel: 1:57pm On Jan 01, 2010
Lord_Reed:
Claim? Facts? Do u need to more than dat a lady is put thru hell in such situation.
I am not disputing your claims, but what was she doing when, she was being asked to remove her clothings? Was her clothings raped too? At least, you cannot pour oil on a woman's private part by force if you are trying to rape her. She must have done so with her volition. Perhaps, what the man saw, changed his status as a man of GOD. So, he now needed it by force, which I believed the woman refused. But the woman's reaction too matters!. So many issues here. It is not all about what she suffered, but was there anything among them even before now? So many issues!. Let them tell us the whole story first!. As for the woman, I feel pity for her all the same.
RomanceRe: Pastor Rapes Woman: After Pouring ‘holy Oil’ Into Her Private Part - Latest News by selingel: 11:09am On Jan 01, 2010
Lord_Reed:
Nobody needs ever have intimacy against their will or under false pretences. There simply is no excuse for despoil. A woman in such a situation is not to be blamed.
Solidify your claim with facts.
RomanceRe: Pastor Rapes Woman: After Pouring ‘holy Oil’ Into Her Private Part - Latest News by selingel: 2:43am On Jan 01, 2010
whiteroses:
if i was born brainless i wouldnt say this, whats a lesson in being tricked and if shes so dumb she wont report it psscceeww
sad sad sad sad sad
RomanceRe: Pastor Rapes Woman: After Pouring ‘holy Oil’ Into Her Private Part - Latest News by selingel: 10:45pm On Dec 31, 2009
safeact:
Dnt u think that d pastor might have had a good intention, bt mayb as he was removing d lady's dress,seeing her physique, his body mechanism changed and d devil took hold of him! Wait oh, d gal went 2seek 4prayers so as 2get married, now she is going 2court to tell d whole world that some1 has despoiled her and poured oil into her private part,(unsafe acts!) who amongst our guys will lyk 2associate or let alone get married 2her? There is something more 2dis story. Lol.
My Guy, the Pastor knew what he was doing. He had seen the woman already through body scanning, and all that was remaining was for him to see her the way GOD made her. How on earth can a man tell a woman other than his wife to open up, for oiling at her private part? Why I blame the lady here is that, was she insane, or charmed? How can a man tell you such and you obliged him. Abeg, tell the whole world the truth. Perhaps, she enjoyed it so much, and when she heard that the Pastor did the same to another, she got jealous and blackmailed him. There are so many issues that can be derived from it here!.
PoliticsRe: Bode George Collects So Much Hampers In Kirikiri - Latest News. by selingel(op): 6:36pm On Dec 31, 2009
MrCrackles:
Who are the idio.ts sending hampers to the prison huh huh huh
His colleagues have every right to give him hampers. Is he the only Executhief?
PoliticsRe: Resolve Apga Substitution Problem Or No Election In Anambra - Dan Nwanyanwu by selingel(op): 6:34pm On Dec 31, 2009
selingel:
The Labour Party has urged INEC to resolve the substitution crisis in APGA to avoid a pitfall in the 2010 Anambra governorship election.

The party expressed its concern in a letter to INEC Chairman, Prof. Maurice Iwu, dated Dec. 29 and made available to newsmen in Abuja on Wednesday.
The beginning of pitfall in Anambra's election.

selingel:
“It has been brought to the attention of the Labour Party that the application of the leadership of APGA to substitute its candidates for the election has not been complied with.

“We are worried that APGA now has cause to resort to court for an order of mandamus to compel INEC to accept its candidates for the election.

“The clear implication of proceeding with the election in Anambra without the preferred candidates of the recognised leadership of APGA is that the party would have been excluded from effective participation in the election.

“A successful challenge in court of the willful exclusion will result in the nullification of the entire exercise.
Now that INEC's attention has been drawn to this, they will not take action, until it is challenged in the court, they will now feign ignorance. embarassed embarassed embarassed
PoliticsResolve Apga Substitution Problem Or No Election In Anambra - Dan Nwanyanwu by selingel(op): 6:29pm On Dec 31, 2009
Anambra Labour Party Warns INEC
December 31, 2009 16:34 (1 hour ago), 38 views



The Labour Party has urged INEC to resolve the substitution crisis in APGA to avoid a pitfall in the 2010 Anambra governorship election.

The party expressed its concern in a letter to INEC Chairman, Prof. Maurice Iwu, dated Dec. 29 and made available to newsmen in Abuja on Wednesday.

In the letter signed by its Chairman, Chief Dan Nwanyanwu, the party said that failure to resolve the APGA substitution problem before the election could result in nullification of the entire electoral process by the court.

“It has been brought to the attention of the Labour Party that the application of the leadership of APGA to substitute its candidates for the election has not been complied with.

“We are worried that APGA now has cause to resort to court for an order of mandamus to compel INEC to accept its candidates for the election.

“The clear implication of proceeding with the election in Anambra without the preferred candidates of the recognised leadership of APGA is that the party would have been excluded from effective participation in the election.

“A successful challenge in court of the willful exclusion will result in the nullification of the entire exercise.

“The Labour Party, and indeed other parties which are sponsoring candidates for the election, will not like to engage in an expensive but futile electioneering that may be declared a nullity at the end of the day.

“We urge you to appreciate this intervention as borne out of good faith and the patriotic disposition of a progressive political party in a developing democracy,” the letter read in part.

Speaking further on the issue in an interview with newsmen, Nwanyanwu said LP had committed a lot to the election to ensure that its candidate, Dr. Andy Uba, emerged victorious.


http://thepmnews.com/2009/12/31/anambra-labour-party-warns-inec
PoliticsRe: Bode George Collects So Much Hampers In Kirikiri - Latest News. by selingel(op): 6:18pm On Dec 31, 2009
Once a prisoner, always a prisoner.
Hope he is doing his morning duties.

grin grin grin grin grin grin grin grin grin grin grin grin grin grin
PoliticsBode George Collects So Much Hampers In Kirikiri - Latest News. by selingel(op): 6:16pm On Dec 31, 2009
Bumper Gifts For Bode George In Kirikiri
December 31, 2009 16:41 (1 hour ago), 275 views
By Astro Jewoola


As the year 2009 rolls out in the next few hours, scores of well wishers of jailed former PDP Deputy National Chairman, South West, Chief Olabode George, have besieged the Kirikiri Maximum Security Prison, Apapa, Lagos, with hampers for their political mentor.

Yesterday at the prison, Boy George’s loyalists and friends were seen with hampers, which were believed to be new year gifts brought for their political mentor. But these visitors were screened by the officials of the Nigerian Prison Services (NPS).

Last week Tuesday, 22 December, 2009, some Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) stalwarts in Lagos with their lawyers, mostly senior advocates in Nigeria, made desperate efforts at the Supreme Court to secure bail for the former PDP National Vice Chairman, South West, and the five others before the expiration of the tenure of the out going Chief Justice of the Federation, Justice Idris Legbo Kutigi.

Justice Olubunmi Oyewole sitting at Ikeja High Court on 26 October, 2009, found George and five others guilty of N85 billion contracts fraud and sentenced them to a total of 28 years in jail. But because the sentences will run concurrently, they will spend two years in jail.

The other convicts are former Managing Director of NPA, Architect Aminu Dabo, Captain O. Abidoye, Alhaji Aminu Tafida, Alhaji Zana Mai Deribe and Engr. Sule Aliyu.

George and the other five convicts appealed their conviction. They also filed an application for bail pending the determination of their appeal before the Court of Appeal. But the judges dismissed all the applications, ruling that the applicants failed to convince the court on all the grounds they were seeking bail.

With the ruling, the only option left for the former PDP national Deputy Chairman was to rush his application to the Supreme Court. But the apex court cannot adjudicate and grant his request barely 12 hours to the new year.

And so, George, who has remained in the Kirikiri Maximum Prison since he was jailed on 26 October, marked his birthday and Christmas there, and will remain there until next year.


http://thepmnews.com/2009/12/31/bumper-gifts-for-bode-george-in-kirikiri
PoliticsRe: Bomber Defiant: ‘though I Failed, Others Will Succeed Next Time’- Abdulmutallab by selingel: 2:12pm On Dec 31, 2009
otawa:
almost all 9/11 BOMBERS where Saudi.

Why are they not 'treated' like you just describe above?
Hmmm!. That is foot for thought!.
PoliticsRe: Bomber Defiant: ‘though I Failed, Others Will Succeed Next Time’- Abdulmutallab by selingel: 10:49am On Dec 31, 2009
Enjoyment1:
This how militancy starts.
Though this might be a local championship, but militancy are bred through same means.
PoliticsRe: Bauchi Islamic Sect Leader Killed: Group Doesn’t Believe In Prophet Mohammed by selingel: 1:26pm On Dec 30, 2009
yorke:
The governor of that state is very silly, the causes of the crisis is simply the muslims, abeg we need peace in naija.you people from the north should try and invest more in the education of the people there, illiteracy & civilization is sending them to an early grave.
Please tell them.
PropertiesRe: Fashola Stops Building Of New Houses In Lagos by selingel: 12:09pm On Dec 30, 2009
Read a thread before responding.
PropertiesRe: Fashola Stops Building Of New Houses In Lagos by selingel: 11:01am On Dec 30, 2009
Temin:
PDP politicians and the greedy merchants in Lagos State should not come here to instigate us against Fashola. Tax invaders are used to making excessive profit from the state without putting something back. Now is pay time and they are crying to us to help them. NO NO let them pay.
If they make profits in billions their taxes should be in billions . Let us stop looking at what they are asked to pay but at what they make out of Lagos .
Some of them have never paid tax before . I pay tax from my little income, I am happy and proud to pay, more so I see my contributions effected and invested into the state.
I have been paying tax for the past years I have never been happy doing so as I am now when tax payers money is invested into the state
So my brother Go and pay your tax
Did you take time to read this thread carefully? That is why you have been failing your exams, because you do not read very well before answering the questions thereafter. I will tell JAMB to lower their standard a little, so that, your kind of person will be admitted.

Finally, do me one favour, when you get to the University, please always read a question thoroughly, before attempting it. Failure will lead to expulsion, on the grounds of not being unfit to be their student. I will not be there to help the second time. BE WARNED. Before I forget, no one is saying people should not be made to pay taxes, but let the taxes have human face. That is the summary of the thread.
PoliticsRe: Bomber Defiant: ‘though I Failed, Others Will Succeed Next Time’- Abdulmutallab by selingel: 10:45am On Dec 30, 2009
Otobroto:
The CIA had in its annual report labeled Nigeria as “a potential recruiting ground for terrorist groups” and warned that Al-Qaida seeks to overthrow the Nigerian Government because of the perception that it is not a religious extremist.
CIA officials argued that the high population of jobless youths and growing Koranic schools pose a threat not just to Nigeria but other nations.
“These are where vulnerable youths are indoctrinated and by fundamentalist groups” the said.
Washington is also deploying other assets through its Africa Military Command of (AFRICOM) to monitor developments, the White House is worried by “the seeming power vacuum” caused by the absence of President Umaru Yar’Adua.
Look at the issues raised here:

1. Al-Qaiada sees Nigeria as another veritable ground to employ JOBLESS YOUTHS IN THE NORTH, for terrorist attacks, since the government have failed to give them jobs.

2. The advent of all these useless Quranic schools, and nearly all being manned by morons and illiterates, should be another source of concern to this thing, called Yar'adua's administration. Today, is NASFAT, tommorow, Quareb, next tommorow, Boko Haram, the following, Kala Kato, only GOD knows which is next. They are just bunch of useless terrorist breeding camps. I have never seen a religion so useless, without apology to any!.

3. The last one is what OBJ wanted. Obasanjo had better apologise to Nigerians, for imposing a dieing man on Nigerians as a President. I am not wishing Yar'adua death, but if he will not resign so that he can treat himself better, then GOD should help us out. We are tired of being known as a backward nation. I used to say, Nigeria should remain one, but it is very obvious, these northern states will never repent, then we should part, please.
PoliticsRe: Bomber Defiant: ‘though I Failed, Others Will Succeed Next Time’- Abdulmutallab by selingel: 7:55pm On Dec 29, 2009
Oboma1:
[
Passengers on international flights bound for the United States “can expect to see additional security measures… including pat-downs and bag searches,” and they will also be asked to remain seated “during certain portions of the flight,” the TSA added.

http://thepmnews.com/2009/12/28/mutallab%E2%80%99s-bombing-attempt-flights-delayed-for-hours
This the reason why some security measures targeted at Nigerians can be true.
PoliticsRe: Bomber Defiant: ‘though I Failed, Others Will Succeed Next Time’- Abdulmutallab by selingel: 7:39pm On Dec 29, 2009
I pray it is not true.
PoliticsRe: Bomber Defiant: ‘though I Failed, Others Will Succeed Next Time’- Abdulmutallab by selingel: 7:38pm On Dec 29, 2009
Oboma1:
You need to see how four Nigerian women where stripped unclothed today at Heathrow Airport, just because of this useless boy.
I thought it was a lie when I heard the news today. I even learnt they are married women, and they were asked to remove all clothings. What a shame!.
PoliticsRe: Terror Scare:ncaa Boss Blames Schiphol Airport For Security Breach - Latest News by selingel(op): 6:35pm On Dec 28, 2009
selingel:
Mutallab was a transit passenger at Schiphol airport and did not need to go through the same rigorous security checks at that airport unless he exited the waiting room.

But Demuren said that the Schiphol airport after which the Murtala Muhammed International Airport was designed, does not allow transit passengers to go directly into the plane without similar rigorous checks. That information could not be confirmed at press time.

“That is how the airport is designed,” Demuren said.



http://thepmnews.com/2009/12/28/terror-scare-ncaa-boss-blames-schiphol-airport-for-security-breach
Nigerians will always look for excuses to exonerate themselves, from lapses noticed on their side. What if transit passengers does not go through that process as someone just told me at Amsterdam? what happens?
PoliticsTerror Scare:ncaa Boss Blames Schiphol Airport For Security Breach - Latest News by selingel(op): 6:28pm On Dec 28, 2009
Terror Scare: NCAA Boss Blames Schiphol Airport For Security Breach
December 28, 2009 13:48 (4 hours ago), 253 views
By Simon Ateba



The Director General of the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA), Dr. Harold Demuren, has exonerated Nigeria and blamed the authorities at Schiphol international airport in Amsterdam for security breaches that allowed a Nigerian, Mr. Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, to board a U.S. plane with explosive devices.

The 23-year old Nigerian, who is the son of the former Chairman of First Bank of Nigeria, Dr. Mutallab, was arrested by the American authorities after he tried to set off an incendiary device on Northwest Flight 253 from Amsterdam to Detroit as it prepared for landing on Christmas Day.

According to Demuren, who spoke to our correspondent on telephone yesterday, Nigeria cannot be blamed as the suspect went through all the security checks at the Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA), Ikeja, Lagos, before he was allowed into the plane. Nothing dangerous was found in his possession, he said.

Demuren disclosed that such sophisticated devices could only be detected if carried in a bag and not worn on the body.

“If you put it in the bag, it can be detected but if a person wears it on his body, there is no way you can detect it,” he said.

NCAA Boss suggested that the suspected terrorist might have been given the devices at Schiphol airport and not in Nigeria, adding that Nigerian airports are safe and secure.

He said: “We are the third world and they are the first world, why was the device not detected in Amsterdam? Why was the suspect not caught over there? The suspect went through the same security checks in Amsterdam that he did in Lagos, why didn’t they see it? “He went through all our security checks here before he was allowed into the plane. Our airports are safe. We carry about 8 million passengers every year and there has never been any cause for alarm. There is no indictment on our system whatsoever.”

Mutallab was a transit passenger at Schiphol airport and did not need to go through the same rigorous security checks at that airport unless he exited the waiting room.

But Demuren said that the Schiphol airport after which the Murtala Muhammed International Airport was designed, does not allow transit passengers to go directly into the plane without similar rigorous checks. That information could not be confirmed at press time.

“That is how the airport is designed,” Demuren said.

On Sunday, another Nigerian flying the same Northwest route triggered alarm when he spent about an hour in the bathroom. Fearing another would-be suicide bomber, Northwest alerted authorities.

Law enforcement rushed to the scene, sirens blaring. The FBI determined that the young man was sick, not a terrorist, an FBI official said in Washington. President Obama was briefed on the event.

On Saturday night, FBI and TSA agents were called to Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport after a passenger on US Airways Flight 192 from Orlando, Fla., reported two passengers acting suspiciously. The plane was searched, as were the men’s belongings. The men, described as Middle Eastern, were questioned and released.

Already, security has been beefed up at various airports across the world. These include further limits on carry-on luggage; more searches, including pat-downs; and requiring passengers to stay in their seats for the last hour of their flights.


http://thepmnews.com/2009/12/28/terror-scare-ncaa-boss-blames-schiphol-airport-for-security-breach
SportsRe: Farouk (the Nigerian Bomber) ‘is An Arsenal Fan’ by selingel(op): 11:30am On Dec 28, 2009
Bomber, sorry I meant Gunner, for life!. grin grin grin
SportsFarouk (the Nigerian Bomber) ‘is An Arsenal Fan’ by selingel(op): 11:28am On Dec 28, 2009
Farouk ‘is an Arsenal Fan’
From Imam Imam in Funtua with agency reports, 12.28.2009
Add To Favorites
Print This Article
Post Comment
Abdulfarouk Umar Abdulmutallab, the Nigerian at the centre of a failed attempt to bomb an airliner, is just like the guy next door - a basketball player and a football fan.

His favourite club is the Arsenal Football Club of England. A former domestic staff of the Mutallabs, Basiru Hamza, described Farouk as a jovial person who takes much interest in his books. "He is religious and holds strong views on many things.

He likes basketball and his favourite soccer club is Arsenal FC. Later in life, when he became very religious, he started talking less and less about sports. One topic he always talks about is international politics. He holds strong views about United States and Israel.

"The last time I saw him was four years ago in Kaduna, but I am really surprised to hear that he wanted to blow up a plane. I know he used to be religious, but I never imagined he would have the nerves to kill someone.

May be the school he went transformed him, I don't know, but he was a good boy and his father was a good man," the 34-year-old Hamza said in Hausa language. Residents of Funtua, the sleepy Katsina State home town of Abdulmutallab, have expressed shock over attempted bombing reports.

Those who spoke with THISDAY yesterday said the reports were not only disturbing, but capable of destroying the good reputation of the father in the community. The attempted bomber was described by neighbours as gentle, nice and one who takes his studies seriously.

Though the Mutallabs don't reside in Funtua on permanent basis, they frequent the town during festivities like family weddings or Sallah celebrations. The Associated Press (AP)?reported yesterday that one of Abdulmutallab's former teachers has said he was shocked to hear the news.

He said yesterday that Abdulmutallab was so well-respected in high school that classmates nicknamed him ''the Pope'', AP reported. But Umar Farouk also showed signs of inflexibility, said Michael Rimmer, a Briton who taught history at the British International School in Lome, Togo.

He said that, in a 2001 discussion about the Taliban in Afghanistan, Abdulmutallab was the only one to defend their actions -- something he attributed at the time to a desire to play the devil's advocate. He also noted that during a school trip to London, Abdulmutallab became upset when the teacher took students to a pub and said it wasn't right to be in a place where alcohol was being served.

Rimmer said that overall, his impression of Abdulmutallab had been an extremely positive one -- noting in particular an incident in which the youngster chose to give 50 pounds to an orphanage rather than spend it on souvenirs in London.

''At one stage, his nickname was 'The Pope,''' Rimmer said. ''In one way it's totally unsuitable because he's Muslim, but he did have this saintly aura. ''In all the time I taught him we never had cross words,'' Rimmer said from London in a telephone interview.

''Somewhere along the line he must have met some sort of fanatics, and they must have turned his mind.'' Rimmer described the institution - an elite college preparatory school in the West African country, attended by children of diplomats and wealthy Africans - as ''lovely, lovely environment'' where Christians often joined in Islamic feasts and some of the best Christmas carolers were Muslims.

Abdulmutallab showed no signs of intolerance toward other students, Rimmer said, explaining that ''lots of his mates were Christians.'' The Briton noted that he has not seen or heard from his former pupil since 2003, when he was about 15, but added that other students had been in touch to express their shock.

"He was such a brilliant boy and nobody in the family had the slightest thought he could do something as insane as this," a relative told AFP in Kaduna. "Farouk was a devoted Muslim who took his religion seriously and was committed to his studies," he said on condition of anonymity. Most of the family only met up with him on his return to Nigeria on holidays from his studies abroad but found him to be easy-going and passionate about Islam, a cousin said.

"He was of course a very religious, polite and studious fellow but it was unthinkable that he would do anything close to attempting to bomb a plane. I still can?t believe this is for real," the cousin said, also asking anonymity. US security officials told the media on Saturday that Abdulmutallab had confessed to training with an Al-Qaeda bombmaker in Yemen.

Abdulmutallab had announced he wanted to pursue a summer course in Arabic in Yemen in July and his banker father had consented given his flair for the language, said the cousin, who also did not want to be named. But the family had become concerned when the young man announced that he wanted to stay on in Yemen and drop his post-graduate programme in business administration at Dubai University.

"We became worried when in August Farouk called and said he was no longer interested in his post-graduate studies anymore, saying he would be staying in Yemen to pursue another course he did not disclose," said another relative who gave his name only as Sani. Their alarm was heightened when he sent a text message a few days later informing his family that he was severing all contact with them, he said.

Since then they had not been able to get in touch with him, he said. The family was stunned by the young man's attempt to blow up the Northwest Airlines as it descended into Detroit. He had caught the plane in Amsterdam after flying in from Lagos. "We could not believe it when we learnt that Farouk had boarded a flight from Lagos to Amsterdam while all along we had the impression that he was in Yemen," Sani said


http://www.thisdayonline.com/nview.php?id=162884
CelebritiesRe: Monalisa Chinda Moves To Lekki by selingel: 11:10am On Dec 28, 2009
whiteroses:
cool. and that girl can act mehn
The babe is a very good actress no doubt, but the way divorce is ravaging the show biz sector, is not funny. I pray GOD should help them.
CelebritiesRe: Monalisa Chinda Moves To Lekki by selingel: 12:01am On Dec 28, 2009
Angeleyz:
i like to think ppl go into marriage with the best intentions, my dear you  can be with a saint for 20 yrs and it s still go sour, its a lottery you can not even begin to predict how ppl turn out. ppl change too remember? ppl grow in a marriage too and begin to want different things its the nature of this beast called HUMAN
What an emotional contribution. Indeed, people go into marriages with best interests and intentions, yet unpredictable issues still come up. Take for example as stated above, people grow up in marriages, and as a result, tend to change certain things for bad or for good. That is where uncertainty sets in.
CelebritiesRe: Monalisa Chinda Moves To Lekki by selingel: 10:12pm On Dec 27, 2009
Monalisa again.

CelebritiesRe: Monalisa Chinda Moves To Lekki by selingel: 10:10pm On Dec 27, 2009
Picture from her wedding.

CelebritiesRe: Monalisa Chinda Moves To Lekki by selingel: 10:09pm On Dec 27, 2009
Another picture

CelebritiesRe: Monalisa Chinda Moves To Lekki by selingel: 10:08pm On Dec 27, 2009
Monalisa's Pix

CelebritiesRe: Monalisa Chinda Moves To Lekki by selingel: 10:07pm On Dec 27, 2009
Monalisa

CelebritiesRe: Monalisa Chinda Moves To Lekki by selingel: 10:06pm On Dec 27, 2009
I will not blame you. After all, ex-wife meets another's ex-husband. Free for all, Shekinah!.
CelebritiesRe: Monalisa Chinda Moves To Lekki by selingel: 10:03pm On Dec 27, 2009
Why are you tapping current from another man's ex-wife? grin grin grin

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ... 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 (of 40 pages)