Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 11:27am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: What awaits them? Don't get angry like you are wont to  He says they will be clothed in white raiment, he will not blot out their name out of the book of life, he will confess their name before His Father, and before his angels. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 11:24am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: Last time,
DOES (present continuous tense) Holy Spirit reside (present continuous tense) in some people temporarily? Yes/No? Do you understand 'dispensations'? Col 1 25 Whereof I am made a minister, according to the [size=22pt]dispensation [/size]of God which is given to me for you, to fulfil the word of God;
Ephesians 3 2 If ye have heard of the [size=22pt]dispensation [/size]of the grace of God which is given me to you-ward: |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 11:19am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: Shdemidemi, Could you please follow your own advice and tell us what Jesus is saying here and not what He is not saying
Revelation 3:5King James Version (KJV) 5 He that overcometh, the same shall be clothed in white raiment; and I will not blot out his name out of the book of life, but I will confess his name before my Father, and before his angels.
cc ayoku777,BabaGnoni What Jesus said is clear enough, I don't know why you need hear it from me. He said what await those who pass the test of Tribulation. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 11:16am On Jan 10, 2015 |
italo: Yes or no answers are not too difficult.
1. Were the people in Matt 7:22 justified? 2. Were members of the early Corinthian Church justified? 3. Did the members of the early Corinthian Church sin? 4. Was St. Paul justified when he wrote Romans 7? 5. Was St. Paul sinning when he wrote Romans 7? 6. Was Paul talking to justified believers in 1Cor6:8? 7. Were the people Paul was talking to in 1Cor6:8 doing wrong and sinning? 8. Do wrongdoers go to heaven? 9. In Rom11:20-23, was Paul talking to Roman justified believers? 10. Could these people be cut off from Christ? Why don't you go answer questions directed at you first before demanding answers for yours. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 11:14am On Jan 10, 2015 |
ayoku777: The 144000 are not those who will be saved, they are the firstfruits of the coming feast of tabernacle.
Just like the 120 were the firstfruits of the feast of Pentecost. After the 120, there were 3000, then 5000 and many more who were coming to Christ daily.
So also after the 144, 000 there will be multitudes who will come to Christ. Do you agree 144 00 will be sealed? Do you think any more outside these sealed ones will pass the test through TRIBULATION? Any way that is by the way. ayoku777: You asked why God will bother writing names in the book of life and blotting it out when He knows the end from the beginning.
It is because He judges us by our choices not by His foreknowledge. He also know those who will go to Hell but he still gives them the privilege of hearing the gospel even though He knows they will reject it.
Why doesn't He just throw them into hell instead of waste the time of those He uses to preach to them?
So God should not bother to write someone's name in the book of life when He accepts Christ because He knows it will still be blotted out when the person rejects Jesus again?
That will be God judging us by His foreknowledge not by our own choices. Did God judge Israel even before they were cut off for their acts? |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 11:01am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: Excellent So, What is Jesus saying here? Let's start there.
Revelation 3:5King James Version (KJV) 5 He that overcometh, the same shall be clothed in white raiment; and I will not blot out his name out of the book of life, but I will confess his name before my Father, and before his angels.
Am sure seeing you are Elect and are Spirit Filled, you have no difficulty COMPREHENDING this  Vooks says 'I love my mum because she bought me a toy', what is the flip side to this statement? |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 10:57am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: DOES (present continuous tense) Holy Spirit reside (present continuous tense) in some people temporarily? Yes/No?
DID(past tense) Holy Spirit reside(past continuous tense) in some people temporarily? Yes/No? Do you understand my questions? |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 10:55am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: The fact that He exhorts and reserves reward for overcomers means not all are overcomers. Otherwise the promises are hopelessly redundant. Think of Shdemidemi promising his daughter that he SHALL be her father. Seem you only come to NL to read yourself. I separated the book of Revelation and the churches mentioned there from the gospel of Grace and the body of Christ built on the foundation of Faith in Christ. They all have to work to overcome at this period of tribulation. This isn't so for those who got salvation on the basis of Grace through God's mercy. vooks: This is FATALISM. If God knows whom he will save, what is our job of preaching or even studying scriptures and praying? He knows whom He will save and doing that don't affect His choice.
Fatalism 101
Moot point. Why is Jesus promising rewards to overcomers out of the church and not the whole church? Guess your question and answer didn't yield much hence why you are coming out aggressive, it was all 'sir' initially. Calm down.. farabale |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 10:46am On Jan 10, 2015 |
ayoku777: No no no!! There is a flip side to every statement Jesus makes.
If not, we can say that just because the bible says those who believe have eternal life doesn't mean thosw who don't believe will not have it too.
If believers have eternal life, then unbelievers don't have eternal life. It is correct.
If overcomes will not have their names blotted out, those who don't overcome will have it blotted out.
Overcomers are those who keep their saving faith till the end.
An mind you, that God knows all things doesn't mean he is responsible for those things.
That God knows whether you will overcome or not doesn't mean he's the one that will make you not overcome.
The foreknowledge of God does not imply the imposition of His sovereignty. The bible did not leave us guessing or making assumptions with the issue of the unrighteous. The fate of an unbeliever is written in white and black for all to see. All I am saying is that we must stick to what was said and not think out what was not said- error might creep in. Please address the rest of the questions If God really knows the end from the beginning, would He really need to be blotting out names that He had written? The book of Revelation says only a remnant of 14400 will be saved, don't you think He knows them already if He can know their number? Is God a reactive God, does He do plan B, do things catch him off guard to necessitate improvisation? |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 10:40am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: Does the Holy Spirit reside in some people temporarily? Either He does or he doesn't
I trust English is your secondary language but you do understand tenses Do you know what it means to rightly divide the Word? OLD from NEW? FLESH from SPIRIT? Do you understand what the dispensation of the HOLY SPIRIT is? Do you understand what distinguishes the dispensation of the Spirit from that of the Father and the Son; and the capacity it operated at the different times? |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 10:35am On Jan 10, 2015 |
ayoku777: He says he won't blot out the names of those who overcome. What of those who don't overcome? He will still not blot it out?
Is it an empty warning? The problem here is the 'what of'. What if there name was never written there? Why don't we work with what Jesus said rather than assume that He might be saying something else on the flip side? If God really knows the end from the beginning, would He really need to be blotting out names that He had written? The book of Revelation says only a remnant of 14400 will be saved, don't you think He knows them already if He can know their number? Is God a reactive God, does He do plan B, do things catch him off guard to necessitate improvisation? |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 10:23am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: Do you see how CONTRADICTORY the hghlighted sentences are?
1. The Holy Spirit DOES 2.The Holy Spirit DOES NOT No contradiction at all. There is an OLD and a NEW. The functions of the Holy Spirit before the ascension of Christ isn't the same with His function in His dispensation. He was present in the dispensation of the father, He was also present in the dispensation of the son, we are presently in the dispensation of the HOLY SPIRIT. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 10:19am On Jan 10, 2015 |
ayoku777: Rev 3v5 -He that overcometh, the same shall be clothed in white raiment; and I will not blot out his name out of the book of life, but I will confess his name before my Father, and before His angels. Bro, did He say he will blot out any name here? I know your argument might go in the line of, 'if he says he won't he probably can'. Is this enough to build a doctrine of 'blotting out names'? |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 10:14am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: The word has VERY FEW meaning(s) κοινωνός (koinōnos)
Strong: G2844
GK: G3128
a fellow, partner, companion, Mt. 23:30; Lk. 5:10; 1 Cor. 10:18, 20; 2 Cor. 8:23; Phlm. 17; Heb. 10:33; a sharer, partaker, 2 Cor. 1:7; 1 Pet. 5:1; 2 Pet. 1:4
Can Holy Spirit reside in some people temporarily? If yes, could you please give examples?
Thank you The Holy Spirit does reside in men temporarily and this He did all through the old testament. No wonder David prayed saying- King James Bible Cast me not away from thy presence; and take not thy holy spirit from me. That is why they used the term 'anointing'. People were anointed temporarily in the old when they are enabled by the Holy Spirit. Today, the Holy Spirit permanently reside in every believer. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 10:09am On Jan 10, 2015 |
italo: I see that people are dodging my questions, so I listed them here again.
Please BabaGnoni, shdemidemi, ayoku777, answer Yes or No. No long dubious epistles.
Vooks, alwaystrue, FortresOfChrist, please by my witnesses. Tell us simply:
1. Were the people in Matt 7:22 justified? 2. Were members of the early Corinthian Church justified? 3. Did the members of the early Corinthian Church sin? 4. Was St. Paul justified when he wrote Romans 7? 5. Was St. Paul sinning when he wrote Romans 7? 6. Was Paul talking to justified believers in 1Cor6:8? 7. Were the people Paul was talking to in 1Cor6:8 doing wrong and sinning? 8. Do wrongdoers go to heaven? 9. In Rom11:20-23, was Paul talking to Roman justified believers? 10. Could these people be cut off from Christ? My friend I never evaded your question, I asked the last one that is yet to be answered if anything. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 10:07am On Jan 10, 2015 |
ayoku777: What does it mean for a name to be blotted out of the book of life?
Is it that the person was never saved or he lost the salvation?
Can someone who was never born again have his name in the book of life? Please show me where the bible say ones name will be blotted out. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 10:04am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: Same case applies to you my broda I am always ready for that..the onus is on you to show me a justified yet hell bound believer. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 10:01am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: So you can't possibly partake Holy Spirit if you are not Elect? When you say partake, what do you mean? God uses anyone through His Spirit to accomplish His purpose and that includes mr devil. If 'partake' does not mean the Holy Spirit is permanently resident in you, my answer is YES. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 9:57am On Jan 10, 2015 |
ayoku777: Yes. I don't believe in the once saved always doctrine too.
Names can be blotted out of the book of life, meaning eternal life can be lost.
We need to KEEP the faith. In that case, we need to analyse the scriptures that led to your current belief. If you so desire. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 9:55am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: Let me trust you on this one Can you have the Spirit of Christ in you WITHOUT being Elect? Never |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 9:51am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: What book and where does it say that Shdemidemi is Elect? The bible is the book my friend. It says I am an elect of God countlessly in scripture. Every believer is who has the Spirit of Christ in them is. Do you want to see where the book says a believer(which I am a part) of the gospel is an elect? |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 9:42am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: How do you know? The book say so and I believe the book with all of my being. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 9:39am On Jan 10, 2015 |
vooks: Not to intrude, Shdemidemi, are you one of those 'elect'? YES |
Christianity Etc › Re: Christian Hedonism And The Pursuit Of Happiness by shdemidemi(m): 9:33am On Jan 10, 2015 |
I think there is a place for calling preachers to order in love and there is also a place for joining in the soul winning missions.
As we know, there are two seeds going out from the church. A real seed and a lookalike seed from the devil. What exactly is the point or what good is it if we promote those who are planting the lookalike seed regardless of how noble they come across? |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 9:10am On Jan 10, 2015 |
ayoku777: That is exactly what I am saying, God calls us but we reserve the right to answer the call or reject it.
I know that if God does not offer salvation, we can't desire it enough as to get it. But that He offers it doesn't mean we have no choice but to accept it.
Or do you think God is the one that makes those who accept Jesus to accept Him, and He made those who reject Jesus to reject Him?
Do you believe we have the God given right to receive, reject and return our faith in Christ OR God works in us to receive and reject Jesus too? This is where the doctrine of 'election' comes in. Salvation is the complete work of God. If God comes calling, no man can resist His call, not even Saul turn Paul. In the day of God's power, the bible says His people shall be willing. The ability to will is propelled by God, if there is no will, there wouldn't be an interest that leads to acceptance. The salvation journey starts from God and ends with God. The same way Jesus called up the carcass of dead Lazarus, He calls our dead spirit to life, only then can we respond to the call. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 8:55am On Jan 10, 2015*. Modified: 9:21am On Jan 10, 2015 |
italo: James 2:21 Was not our ancestor Abraham justified by works when he offered his son Isaac on the altar?
Abraham was justified thousands of years before Jesus came. Justification is dependent on works according to James and this is so looking from the perspective of the law and legalism. James is a Jew, even as a Christian he remained a practising Jew who upheld all of the temple worship and Jewish rituals and traditions. James' primary audience were the Jews also known as the 'circumicision' Gal 2 9 And when James, Cephas, and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that was given unto me, they gave to me and Barnabas the right hands of fellowship; that we should go unto the heathen(Gentiles), and they unto the circumcision(Jews). This is how Paul explained justification- 16 Knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the law, [size=22pt]but by the faith of Jesus Christ[/size], even we have believed in Jesus Christ, that we might be justified by the faith of Christ, and not by the works of the law: for by the works of the law shall no flesh be justified.Paul was sent to the heathen with his message of Grace that will never be accepted by the nation of Israel(then and now). Individual Jews can accept it but as a nation, the message of Grace is a concept that will never resonate with the nation. God made them blind to this truth. Peter knew this but he could not face the persecution that comes with the message. However, he approved the message when he called it 'scripture'. italo: So your answer is false. Those people were justified, yet committed sin and went to hell. how did they get justified? italo: That makes me correct. The early Church believed and was justified, yet it sinned and was called carnal. If they were 'carnal' (I am using 'carnal' as complete enmity with God), why would Paul say this about them- 1 cor 1 2 Unto the church of God which is at Corinth, to them that are sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be saints, |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 8:17am On Jan 10, 2015 |
ayoku777: These scriptures and a few others like then, shows that yes; even though faith is truly a gift -according to:
Ephesians 2v8 -For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that (faith) not of yourselves: IT IS THE GIFT OF GOD:
But like all gifts; the gift of faith can be received or rejected or returned.
Someone can be:
A Believer -Someone who receives the gift of faith in Christ.
An unbeliever -One who rejects the gift of faith in Christ.
A Disbeliever -One who returns the gift of faith in Christ. I will respond to this by saying we never played a part or worked for this gift of salvation. We were only called by God to accept it, if God does not call no one will accept this gift. It is not some power I have within me or the tone of the preacher or his gift of gab or eloquent speech that brought me to God. It was God Himself who woke the dead spirit/the inner man in me to respond to His call. If left to you and I, we will never choose God. He works in us to will, God said 'you did not call me but I called you'. He gave us one way in, one way to a regeneration, one way to life eternal but He never gave us a way out. There was one way out of Egypt but there was no way back, if there were, the children of Israel would have gone back for cucumber, there was no way back to Egypt. What you call a 'disbeliever' might simply be one aware of the truth but had never believed it completely. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 8:00am On Jan 10, 2015*. Modified: 8:17am On Jan 10, 2015 |
ayoku777: 2Cor 1v24 -Not for that we have dominion over your faith, but are helpers of your joy: FOR BY FAITH YE STAND.
All this rise of atheism and return to lack of faith in Christ by former christians is part of the fulfilment of that "Falling Away" prophecy of the end time. I think we must understand that 'faith' has no generic meaning in the bible. Most people have one preconceived interpretation of faith every time they come across the word. 'Faith' as used in 2 cor 1:24 is 'trust'. Trust in God. For by trust in God we stand(stand does not mean 'save' here either) |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 7:40am On Jan 10, 2015 |
ayoku777: The bible also prophesied about the "FALLING AWAY" that will come at the end of the age.
2Thessalonians 2v3 -Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall not come, except there come a FALLING AWAY FIRST, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition.
It is clear, that an unbeliever cannot "fall away", because they were never standing -only a believer can fall. 'FALLING AWAY'- Paul explained this term in the same chapter, Paul writes that there is a man who will stand and exalt himself as God in the temple of God. He says this man of sin will be followed by many because of his power which will be from the working of satan. They will be deluded by God to follow his lies because they have refused to follow the truth. The 'falling away' is a time when Jesus will reveal the man of sin, subsequent to a time when many must have followed this religious leader in their large numbers. These people are not christians but people who are deluded, people who believe a lie 2 thess 11 And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie:
12 That they all might be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness.They do not believe the truth of God's word and his gospel which is the gateway to christianity and salvation by Grace through justification.. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 7:07am On Jan 10, 2015 |
ayoku777: Revelation 3v5 -He that overcometh, the same shall be clothed in white raiment; and I WILL NOT BLOT OUT HIS NAME OUT OF THE BOOK OF LIFE, but I will confess his name before my Father, and before His angels.
Jesus doesn't make threats, He says the truth as it is. If names cannot be blotted out of the book of life, He will not say that it can for any reason.
The bible also prophesied about the "FALLING AWAY" that will come at the end of the age. The book of Revelation of Jesus Christ unveils the person of Christ in His glory accompanied with judgement. When Jesus visited the world as a baby, his glory was veiled but the book of Revelation depict Jesus as a severe judge coming with power, even the stars of heaven will fall on that day. No grace in this book or at this time anymore, no justification in this era- the book of James and Peter and some part of the four gospels perfectly fit in to this book like hands in glove. People will be judged by their works, ability to endure an inexplicable suffering that will see people cook their own children for a meal. A time when you will have to be tagged as a non-christian or suffer the despicable and abhorrent consequences. Words can't describe the tribulation that is to come at the time of this Great Tribulation, yet your salvation can only be achieved if you endure to the end. It is not a free gift like we have it now, it will be WORKED for in full. A hand full of people will survive this period. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 6:53am On Jan 10, 2015 |
ayoku777: I had this opinion before also; that salvation cannot be lost. If you study my earlier posts when I first joined NL newly; I even argued vehemently for the "Once saved Always saved" doctrine.
But too many scriptures started starring me in the face that said otherwise. And I just couldn't continue to pretend I didn't see them and flip the page.
Romans 11v21-22 -For if God spared not the natural branches, take heed lest He also spare not thee.
Behold therefore the goodness and severity of God: on them which fell, severity; but toward thee goodness, if thou continue in His goodness: otherwise THOU ALSO SHALT BE CUT OFF.
This was Paul writing to the Roman church, making it clear that being cut off from Christ is a clear and present danger -if they don't continue in the faith. Bro, I like to deal with every verse independently so we don't leave any verse unaddressed as if the bible contradict. Romans 11:21-22 We must understand that chapter 9 to chapter 11 was dedicated to the Jews. Paul had spoken about the church and her justification from chapter 4 to chapter 8. Chapter 11 was not speaking of the salvation of the church but the fate of the Gentile nation. There are two nations in the bible as far as God is concerned, the Israel nation and the Gentile nation. Israel had always been the begotten of the father, they had all the privileges- Romans 9 4 Who are Israelites; to whom pertaineth the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises;
5 Whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. (Even Christ was revealed in the flesh through this nation) They had it all good. A time came when they became disobedient, the were stuck in hypocrisy and religion thus self serving. This attitude led them to kill their Messiah, their king, Jesus. They eventually met their waterloo and judgement after they killed Stephen. Romans 10:21 New Living Translation But regarding Israel, God said, [size=22pt]"All day long I opened my arms to them, but they were disobedient and rebellious."[/size] God blinded the mind of this rebellious nation that salvation might come to the Gentile nation who were in the past fatherless, destitute of salvation. Romans 11 I say then, Have they stumbled that they should fall? God forbid: but rather [size=22pt]through their fall salvation is come unto the Gentiles, for to provoke them to jealousy[/size].The bible says it isn't completely over for the nation of Israel because they have only stumbled and blinded until the time of the Gentile is complete. I have said all of this to explain that one verse, Romans 11v21-22 The fall(stumble) of the Jewish nation does not mean individuals within the Jewish nation cannot be saved independently of the nation through GRACE. But as a nation God had cut them down and he has attached a 'wild olive tree', that in itself is a miracle. A useless branch was picked by God and attached miraculously to partake of the the Holy tree. All Paul was saying to the primarily Gentile church is that, 'don't go down the way the other nation did through unbelief'. That is not to disqualify individual christians that are saved but a warning to the Gentile nation as a whole. |
Christianity Etc › Re: Can A Christian Be Justify & Still Be Guilty As Charged? by shdemidemi(m): 8:07pm On Jan 09, 2015*. Modified: 8:30pm On Jan 09, 2015 |
vooks: You are running away from Reason, can't withstand it. Scriptures are quite clear. Paul says Brothers do perish. Jesus says miracle workers will perish. Many of them. Hebrews says it is IMPOSSIBLE to save believers who have rejected God,a hypothetical statement which is devoid of sense or logic if they can't be 'un-saved' in the first place.
Apostle shdemidemi says, 'that's BS, you can't lose your salvation' Between Jesus the WORD, Paul His Apostle and Hebrews His Spirit breathed writing on one hand, and a negro who knows neither the scriptures nor the power of God,and who thinks prayers are mere psychological therapeutic exercises, it is a walk in the park discerning garbage Seem you can't endure a civil debate my friend. Start again by defining 'justification'. |