₦airaland Forum

Hasn't there been enough education about the dangers of running a Generator with no ventilation?

To be fair

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_National_Congress
Following the Sharpeville massacre in 1960, the ANC leadership concluded that the methods of non-violence such as those utilised by Gandhi against the British Empire during their colonisation of India were not suitable against the Apartheid system. A military wing was formed in 1961, called Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), meaning "Spear of the Nation", with Mandela as its first leader. MK operations during the 1960s primarily involved targeting and sabotaging government facilities. Mandela was arrested in 1962, convicted of sabotage in 1964 and sentenced to life imprisonment on Robben Island, along with Sisulu and other ANC leaders after the Rivonia Trial.

During the 1970s and 1980s the ANC leadership in exile under Oliver Tambo made the decision to target Apartheid government leadership, command and control, secret police, and military-industrial complex assets and personnel in decapitation strikes, targeted killings, and guerilla actions such as bomb explosions in facilities frequented by military and government personnel. A number of civilians were also killed in these attacks. Examples of these include the Amanzimtoti bombing[3], the Sterland bomb in Pretoria[4], the Wimpy bomb in Pretoria[5], the Juicy Lucy bomb in Pretoria[4] and the Magoo's bar bombing in Durban.[6] ANC acts of sabotage aimed at government institutions included the bombing of the Johannesburg Magistrates Court, the attack on the Koeberg nuclear power station, the rocket attack on Voortrekkerhoogte in Pretoria, and the 1983 Church Street bombing in Pretoria, which killed 16 and wounded 130.



It's easy to go with the gut reaction and condemn away. yes, there should be bafflement that his name has still remained on this list until now, but not that his name was originally there. Once the US State Dept decided to qualify Umkhonto we sizwe (and by extension the ANC) as a terrorist organization, all associates and sympathizers were lumped in.

So yes, it's a late, late move to remove his name from the list, but the sheer amount of vitriol is funny. it's a three decades old list!

RichyBlacK:
The only reason Mandela and other ANC leaders were associated with the word "terrorism" was because the toddler-driven US foreign policy was sympathetic to apartheid South Africa - just as they still support apartheid Israel today!

i dunno, man. The Black South Africans were fighting for rights, for non restriction of political, labour and residential rights. They wanted some form of equality.
Is that a good analogy for Israel where most of their opponents simply want the Jews exterminated? Killed? 'Driven into the sea'?
While the white south africans were probably not enforcing Apartheid from concerns over their personal safety, the Israelis are pretty much perpetually fighting for their lives. Not a good analogy IMHO.


Ironic, isn't it, that the black south africans have since turned into staunch supporters of tyranny in the form of Mugabe. And while we castigate other countries for being sympathetic to apartheid, aren't we Africans too tolerant of tyranny and dictatorship in this country.

I'm sorry, but this is a no-brainer kind of poll
Simply because of a certain game called 'Pro Evolution Soccer' or alternatively named 'Winning Eleven' on the Playstation, there are 1000x Playstation consoles than nintendo and microsoft combined.

What's the deal anyway? You used the Xbox 1 logo, the PS1 logo and then the Nintendo Wii. Three different consoles from three different generations. Not smart.

People here know i've never trusted this hypocritical racist from day one. He's earlier proved his status as a hypocrite before (anti-semitic comments from someone who claims to fight against racial discrimination, preaching about family values yet having a long term mistress and daughter outside his marriage) but this one takes the cake.

This man is as racist as an KKK member out there. his handling of the Duke Uni scandal where a black stripper falsely accused white lacrosse players of raping her (making inflammatory statements, promising to put the girl on scholarship even when it became obvious that she was lying http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Duke_University_lacrosse_team_scandal)

Hell, Even Nas says Rev. Jesse Jackson is "the biggest player hater" and has declared 'Jackson's time as a voice for black America over.'

http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/07/16/jackson.nword.ap/index.html?iref=mpstoryview

CHICAGO, Illinois (AP) -- The Rev. Jesse Jackson used the N-word during a break in a TV interview where he criticized presidential candidate Barack Obama, Fox News confirmed Wednesday.


The Rev. Jesse Jackson apologized to Sen. Obama's campaign last week over "hurtful" remarks.

The longtime civil rights leader already came under fire this month for crude off-air comments he made against Obama in what he thought was a private conversation during a taping of a "Fox & Friends" news show.

In additional comments from that same conversation, first reported by TVNewser, Jackson is reported to have said Obama was "talking down to black people," and referred to blacks with the N-word when he said Obama was telling them "how to behave."

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Though a Fox spokesman confirmed to The Associated Press that Jackson used the slur, the network declined to release the full transcript of the July 6 show and did not air the comments.

Jackson, who is now traveling in Spain, apologized in a statement last Wednesday for "hurtful words" but didn't offer specifics.

"I am deeply saddened and distressed by the pain and sorrow that I have caused as a result of my hurtful words. I apologize again to Senator Barack Obama, Michelle Obama, their children as well as to the American public," Jackson said in a written statement.

"There really is no justification for my comments and I hope that the Obama family and the American public will forgive me. I also pray that we, as a nation, can move on to address the real issues that affect the American people."

A spokeswoman for Jackson's civil rights organization, Rainbow/PUSH Coalition, said she could not confirm that Jackson used the slur

Batman: the dark Knight is being hailed as a masterpiece

IGN says it's better'n all the 3 spiderman movies and better than Batman Begins
It's 90% on Rotten Tomatoes.

Must. . .download. . .watch!


"If Dark Knight gets anything less than an Oscar nomination it would be a great injustice to the world of cinema. Nolan has delivered an epic masterpiece that will literally take your breath away." -- Brad Miska, Bloody-Disgusting.com


"Dark, grim, haunting and visionary, The Dark Knight; is nothing short of brilliant, the best and scariest comic hero adaptation you are likely to see this summer season, and perhaps during the whole year." -- Emanuel Levy, EmanuelLevy.com


"If Nolan had the opportunity to have a more even balance between explosions and ideas, it could have been that masterpiece that was prayed for." -- David Poland, The Hot Blog


"I can't rate The Dark Knight as an outstanding piece of craftsmanship. Batman Begins was grim and methodical, and this movie is grim and jammed together. The narrative isn't shaped coherently to bring out contrasts and build toward a satisfying climax. The Dark Knight is constant climax; it's always in a frenzy, and it goes on forever." -- David Denby, The New Yorker


"While one might hesitate to throw around overused words like masterpiece, it's refreshing that The Dark Knight is not a movie that can be viewed and easily discarded like so much other summer fare." -- Edward Douglas, ComingSoon.net

@oyb
There's a huge gulf between 'terrorists' and 'terrorist sympathizers'. Naturally there will be a far larger number of people in the 'sympathizers' list.
For example, there are tens of thousands of terrorist sympathizers in Northern Nigeria, as evident in the demonstrations with Osama bin Laden's portraits, the gleeful celebrations on 9/11 and the furore when the Danish cartoons saga was ongoing.

These people have been labelled a potential threat to the US, and are banned from travelling there. That represents part of America's internal security process.

Every country will definitely have a list of people not allowed to travel in. You can bet that Russia has a list with Chechen rebel sympathizers making up the majority.

As for the Al Qaeda threat, it's a real and present danger. Al Qaeda has long desired to expand their ideology, and Nigeria with it's huge population (of which a large chunk is m'uslim) and natural resources remains a tempting target.

@MC Usman
The article has a far more worrying quote
“Senior al-Qaeda leadership has expressed interest publicly in overthrowing the government of Nigeria. Links also were uncovered connecting Nigerians to al-Qaeda in 2004".

And all you can do is to bluster about the number of names in the State department list?!

WTF?! Are you even a Nigerian sef? Get your priorities straight. Instead of you to be concerned with what may be happening in your own country, with respect to political and religious stability, your blathering about the number of people the US government does not want in their country.

it's a pity.

Mustay:
This happens not only in Nigeria though

I am extremely dissapointed that right thinking Nigerians still com eup with this lousy excuse.

Even if other countries are involved in scams, does that take away the fact that Nigerians were involved here? Or that thousands of other nigerians in Lagos are busy in cafes scamming away?

ono:
Leadership problem is a general problem in Nigeria. It's not exclusive to the Niger Delta alone. OBJ (in the SouthWest) just finished ''commissioning'' the Hiltop Mansion at Abeokuta. He has several hundreds of plots of land at Abuja Maitama districts. Alao Akala is a thug. What is the name of the one in Ekiti? Thesame goes for the governors in the S/East. Egwu of Ebonyi I understand used all the money allocated to his state to fund Presidential Election runs.

The bearded sharia enforcer in the North was recently accused of mass-looting Zamfara state treasury. What about the pastor-governor at Taraba?


Don't bring leadership problems to the fore as if it's exclusive to us in the Delta. It's all over Nigeria.

Excellent!
So leadership problem is not exclusive to ND states. fair enough. but what is exclusive is the violence and unrest arising from the aforementioned failed leadership.
People are holding the federal government to task for the excesses of the state government. Is that fair? Are the people of Ebonyi or Zamfara holding the federal govt responsible?

My home state of Edo is in a serious state of neglect and disrepair thanks to the inaction of Lucky Igbinedion (Curses be Upon Him!). Do you see people lamenting and blaming the federal government? at least we know enough to lay the blame on Lucky (Curses be Upon Him!)

Hold the right people to task. it's shocking that in this day and age people expect foreign companies in the ND to carry out duties reserved for local governments

You guys have it good.
try living alone when you can't cook.
In fact, i now know how to cook indomie 15 different ways. . .

It's also shocking when i survey the mess i make. . .
was thinking i might get someone to clean around the house once a week

We've heard enough of MEND drawing attention to the plight of the ND people.

1) We've also heard people here saying that the ijaw oil is being stolen from them by the federal govt. Considering the fact that these same millitant groups bunker hundreds of thousands of barrels of oil daily, how much have they contributed to development of their own people?
If MEND themselves are involved in bunkering the oil, aren't they stealing from the ND too, since the fruits of the bunkering are not manifesting in their people?

2) Since MEND claims to be lords of the waterways and masters of their terrain, why are so many rogue groups operating with impunity? Can they claim to have no knowledge or responsibility for the attacks in the region

3) Is it fair to continually throw up Saro-Wiwa et all as Martyrs of the 'cause', while ignoring the innocent civillians that have been killed by MEND and Ateke Tom's activities? Do the 5 people killed by Ateke's boys on New year day not have mothers too? Or is there a yardstick for human life?



Someone please answer these question, especially to point out ANYTHING MEND have done for the people of the ND. Shebi i don give example of Hezbollah since?

otokx:
How many niger delta people did julius berger or any other foreign company employ. Take a statistic of the people then you will understand that their leaving will not really put the indigenes into more misery. For those advocating for a violent solution, you should note that those 3 expatriates had about 30 soldiers allocated to them yet, about 15 people were able to neutralize them. Have you even stopped to ask who foots the bills of soldiers allocated to these various foreign firms?

is that what you think?
There's no foreign company in the ND that does not employ a sizeable number of indigenes, whether in casual jobs or in sensitive positions. And in a country where teachers can be paid N8000 monthly, even a security guard in julius Berger will not thank you for taking his job away.
By all means, provide statistics to back up your claims.

otokx:
For those advocating for a violent solution, you should note that those 3 expatriates had about 30 soldiers allocated to them yet, about 15 people were able to neutralize them.

There's a reason why the word 'ambush' is in the english dictionary. ditto 'element of surprise'.

otokx:
Have you even stopped to ask who foots the bills of soldiers allocated to these various foreign firms?

The companies request the service of security agencies. Why would anyone question who pays the bills, when your Government is holding seminars overseas appealing for foreign investment in Nigeria, and promising security for any such investors. It smacks of mischief to even bring up this point.

Square Enix just announced yesterday at E3 that final fantasy XIII will be released on the Xbox 360 in the US alongside the PS3 version.

Vowiski, any reaction?

Bigb1,
so the people of Zimbabwe can go hang as long as a 'message' is sent out to the US, right?

Ditto the people being raped and killed in darfur. As long as your message is being sent out by China, no sanctions against Sudan, no possibility of large scale intervention, no nothing.

Nice. Remember to enjoy your meal tonight. after all, the suffering is remote from you.

@Neoteny
Lol. Only apply fully tested, stable apps eh?
So how do you explain the bricks? Tha devilz at work?

Also, considering the vitriol you guys poured on the US and UK for using the millitary option against Iraq (instead of diplomacy and the UN), i'm surprised at the hypocrisy in calling them names in their non-millitary endeavours.

@Big B1
you Said
And I think Russia (just like others) is sick and tired of US and UK running the show and making unnecessary and erroneous calls that are severely affect the rest of the world.

so what, in your opinion, are the neccessary and correct calls to be made to solve the Mugabe issue?

And can you show how sanctions against Mugabe himself and his cronies will 'severely affect the rest of the world'?

please answer the above question.

In many cases, the big losers here are the indigenous workers who will find themselves out of a job.

As far as i know, MEND has made no move to compensate the hundreds of Niger Delta workers laid off when Wilbros pulled out.

For those crusaders here, can anyone tell me anything MEND has done for the people of Niger Delta. I mean, we all know that Hezbollah in Lebanon builds schools and hospitals and houses, provides loans and security, etc.

What has MEND done?

http://www.tribune.com.ng/14072008/news/news4.html

JULIUS Berger Plc. is pulling out of Niger Delta because of the deteriorating security situation there, a senior company executive said on Saturday.

Gunmen kidnapped two Germans working for the firm, the Nigerian unit of German builder, Bilfinger Berger, on Friday, blowing their armoured vehicle off the road with dynamite and killing a soldier in their convoy.


The ambush by around 15 gunmen on three senior employees, who were travelling in armoured jeeps accompanied by 28 soldiers, had been so brutal that there was no alternative but to suspend operations, the company official said.


"The current security environment makes it impossible for us to continue our operations in the Niger Delta and to protect our employees," he told Reuters, asking not to be named for security reasons while staff were being pulled out.


"Since yesterday, we have already stopped at our three major sites.”


Friday's attack was the latest on expatriates working in the Niger Delta, which has become notorious for kidnappings and raids on oil sites since militants launched a campaign of sabotage two years ago.


The decision by Julius Berger which is listed in Nigeria and 49 per cent owned by Bilfinger Berger is seen by observers as an embarrassment for the government of President Umaru Yar'Adua, who is under international pressure to end insecurity in the delta.


It will also hamper the much-needed development in the region, which Yar'Adua has made one of the cornerstones of his efforts to address the causes of the unrest.


Among other projects, Julius Berger is rebuilding the main east-west road across the Niger Delta and is one of Nigeria's biggest private sector employers, with more than 16,000 staff.


The company executive said operations in the Delta area would be suspended "indefinitely." Around 50 expatriates and hundreds of local employees would be affected.


"This is not just for the safety of expatriate staff. It is for everyone, black and white. One of our drivers was shot recently," he said.


The bombing of oil pipelines by militants has cut the country's oil output by around a fifth since early 2006, helping to drive global crude prices to record highs.


Oil firms including Royal Dutch Shell and Exxon Mobil, have relocated non-essential staff from the region to Lagos in recent years for security resources.


President Yar'Adua has pledged a two-pronged approach, saying he would not tolerate the presence of armed groups but also saying he wanted to address the frustrations of impoverished communities by developing local infrastructure.

Afam:
This is good news. I am glad the UN isn't allowing the US and UK fool the world again with their deceit.

Someone claims the sanctions were targeted at Mugabe and 11 officials, wonderful. Just as the sanctions targeted at Saddam and his top government functionaries affected only Saddam and his men.

The US and UK don't have any shame left otherwise they would have realized that the world knows the real motive behind sabotaging Zimbabwe - resources.

African leaders should come to the aid of Zimbabwe because what is happening now to Mugabe could equally happen to any African leader that allows the West to dictate what happens in any country.

What resources?!

Please note that nine countries voted for the sanctions while Russia and China opposed.

The proposed sanctions were directed at Mugabe and 11 other government officials. It proposed freezing of thier assets and slamming some travel restrictions etc.
I fail to see how this would have 'made the people of Zimbabwe suffer'

landis:
UK/US blind hate could not allow them to see when they over-step their boundaries.

When they invaded Iraq without recourse to dialogue and political solutions, people said they were evil. Now they are trying to work through the UN and they are evil. What do you guys really want?

landis:
we should all be happy, there still like of China, Russia. Russia remains clear focused on this issue.

it is now clear that we have traitors in our midst. The same China that stubbornly vetoes any attempt to sanction the Sudanese government for their role in the Darfur massacres is the one you're touting as a hero, abi?

It's a pity, really, that Africans cannot give a damn about their fellow man. If the AU had any potency whatever, we would have been seeing less of these 'western interference'.

Vowiski
Why not let the games do the talking?

And so far, the Xbox 360 has come across as having similar and often better graphics than the PS3.

So, now you've finished MGS4, what next?

Queues in Port Harcourt are long. . .where you can see fuel. I had to drive a long way to get fuel to buy at N95 per litre. I was complaining about that, until i heard people bought at N120 later in the day.


perhaps this also has to do with the proposed strike by NUPENG (which has now been cancelled). I'm pretty sure these guys have been hoarding fuel.

C'est la Vie. Nigeria's a nation of animals and traitors. Traitors like the DPR that can't be arsed to prevent us being ripped off by these fuel marketers.

Still trying to get over the shock of seeing Gamine in the Politics section. . .

chikeze:
ex inferis and texazzpete can you guys please tell me how to install wikipedia plzzzzzzzzz.

Can you chaeck this site
http://code.google.com/p/wiki2touch/

You'll be able to find all the instructions you need.

How to get a free iTunes account without a credit card

http://www.winandmac.com/tips/free-itunes-account-no-matter-where-you-live/
or

http://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-get-a-Free-Itunes-Account-No-Credit-Card-N/



if you need to buy Appstore apps, get someone in the Us to buy an iTunes gift card. You can then redeem it in the Appstore and buy some apps.


@Ex Inferis
I thought Bible was a paid app? have you started buying some?

besides, uploading 'em to megaupload wont work. There are already torrents of these apps, but they don't work on other iPhones. I guess itunes checks your purchase history or something. Even the free Apps are DRMd.


if the App store gets cracked, that may be bad news for all. For now developers see it as an awesome opportunity to make money, but piracy may chage all that.

Can't wait to see what id software comes up with. Even EA and THQ are showing off iPhone apps at E3.

Bloody scumbag scammer.

@luca
What we have is Mugabe insisting that Morgan concede he won the last election fair and square before any dialogue.

In short, what he's asking is that the main oposition legitimize his regime and rule for the next 4 years, thereby ending any opposition once and for all in zimbabwe. He himself is under no compulsion to concede anything to Tsvangirai. So it could be a very terrible mistake to go down this route.

ayinba1:
@ayanfe.

Thank you for your insightful post. Recently, there was a release about the FDA requiring that Pharmaceutical companies should publish results that prove that their products work and those researches that prove no effectiveness and a lot of side effects. We were taught to believe that resistant strains of bacteria arise from non compliance or abuse of antibiotics, but in scientific circles, discussion abound about lab created resistant strains.

What the heck has tis got to do with the subject matter under discussion?!

ayinba1:
I do not know any poster personally on this thread, but I do take exception to foul language when a person disagrees with me (or anyone).

I willnot be debating further with texapette. I hope he is content in his belief in wikipedia.
As a scientist not blinded by colour, (I was raised in Nigeria), I know there is a lot more to the HIV story than is currently made known to "ogberi"

Don't worry. You aren't the first person to use this line to stealthily escape from a losing argument.
Please ease up on the 'scientist' word. Just because you read a natural science course, it does not make you a scientist. You have so far been unable to logically put any decent point across.
It's evident even in your post. You 'know' that there is a lot more to the HIV story, yet you cannot say it. Ergo, you have no proof. without proof and facts, where is the logic behind your 'knowledge'?!

Why a scientist should forsake well documented research for conspiracy theories baffles me.

ayanfe:
You really believe the half baked stuff you try to peddle. None of the articles conclusively demonstrates any direct link between HIV and SIV in the form of a sequence of mutations. I will now move to floor your argument.

PS: I was away because I am actually DOING science while you are MISQUOTING science. Finding articles that happen to have HIV and SIV in the same text does not prove anything.

Lets begin with first article:

Wrong answer. From the article, there is no admission of a connection only statements of propensity. They have not obtained "medically significant SIV" from the standpoint of HIV. The article's own abstract clearly states the following:

"These results provide the first direct evidence that naturally occurring SIVcpz strains already have many
of the biological properties required for persistent infection of humans, including CD4 and CCR5 dependence
and neutralization resistance. Moreover, they outline a new strategy for obtaining medically important “SIV
isolates” that have thus far eluded investigation. Such isolates are needed to identify viral determinants that
contribute to cross-species transmission and host adaptation."

Next article:

My friend, that is not how science is carried out. We don't just engage in accepting truths simply because an article stated it without reference or without studies. They made that statement, but have they attributed a source to those statements? Can you provide a source for their statements?


Final article:


Good. But have they identified, not inferred the sequence of adaptation of the viral matrix protein from SIV to HIV-1? The statement of origin has until now been based on similarities. There is still a search for the missing links. Identifying possible points of the missing link is all good and dandy. But have they demonstrated the evolution of the protein that constitutes this missing link?

ayanfe:
You really believe the half baked stuff you try to peddle.

Half baked? Despite seeing names of eminent scientists behind these reports? Interesting. . .

ayanfe:
PS: I was away because I am actually DOING science while you are MISQUOTING science. Finding articles that happen to have HIV and SIV in the same text does not prove anything.

Lol. All the articles i provided did not only have HIV and SIV in the same text, they provided an outcome of their research that SIV mutated into HIV in humans. Only blind silliness and the typical Nigerian attitude of not wanting to admit a losing point keeps you spewing this self-deceit.

ayanfe:
My friend, that is not how science is carried out. We don't just engage in accepting truths simply because an article stated it without reference or without studies. They made that statement, but have they attributed a source to those statements? Can you provide a source for their statements?

This was in response to

The Molecular Population Genetics of HIV-1 Group O
Philippe Lemey,*,1 Oliver G. Pybus,† Andrew Rambaut,† Alexei J. Drummond,†
David L. Robertson,‡ Pierre Roques,§,** Michael Worobey††
and Anne-Mieke Vandamme*
http://evolve.zoo.ox.ac.uk/papers/Lemey%20et%20al%20(2004)%20Genetics.pdf

This one starts by saying
ABSTRACT
HIV-1 group O originated through cross-species transmission of SIV from chimpanzees to humans and
has established a relatively low prevalence in Central Africa. Here, we infer the population genetics and
epidemic history of HIV-1 group O from viral gene sequence data and evaluate the effect of variable
evolutionary rates and recombination on our estimates.

In your haste to save face, did you miss the heading containing the names of the scientists involved and a link to the paper? I provided a source from the start. It's a pity ignorance has clouded you rmind so you do not see it.

ayanfe:
Good. But have they identified, not inferred the sequence of adaptation of the viral matrix protein from SIV to HIV-1? The statement of origin has until now been based on similarities. There is still a search for the missing links. Identifying possible points of the missing link is all good and dandy. But have they demonstrated the evolution of the protein that constitutes this missing link?

This was in response to

Adaptation of HIV-1 to Its Human Host
Louise V. Wain1, Elizabeth Bailes1, Frederic Bibollet-Ruche2, Julie M. Decker2, Brandon F. Keele2, Fran Van Heuverswyn3, Yingying Li2, Jun Takehisa2, Eitel Mpoudi Ngole4, George M. Shaw2, Martine Peeters3, Beatrice H. Hahn2 and Paul M. Sharp1

1 Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
2 Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
3 Laboratoire Retrovirus, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement and Department of International Health, University of Montpellier, 34394 Montpellier cedex 9, France
4 Projet Prevention du Sida au Cameroun (PRESICA), Yaounde, Cameroun

Accepted for publication May 22, 2007.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) originated from three independent cross-species transmissions of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVcpzPtt) infecting chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) in west central Africa, giving rise to pandemic (group M) and non-pandemic (groups N and O) clades of HIV-1. To identify host-specific adaptations in HIV-1 we compared the inferred ancestral sequences of HIV-1 groups M, N and O to 12 full length genome sequences of SIVcpzPtt and four of the outlying but closely related SIVcpzPts (from P. t. schweinfurthii). This analysis revealed a single site that was completely conserved among SIVcpzPtt strains but different (due to the same change) in all three groups of HIV-1. This site, Gag-30, lies within p17, the gag-encoded matrix protein. It is Met in SIVcpzPtt, underwent a conservative replacement by Leu in one lineage of SIVcpzPts but changed radically to Arg on all three lineages leading to HIV-1. During subsequent diversification this site has been conserved as a basic residue (Arg or Lys) in most lineages of HIV-1. Retrospective analysis revealed that Gag-30 had reverted to Met in a previous experiment in which HIV-1 was passaged through chimpanzees. To examine whether this substitution conferred a species specific growth advantage, we used site-directed mutagenesis to generate variants of these chimpanzee-adapted HIV-1 strains with Lys at Gag-30, and tested their replication in both human and chimpanzee CD4+ T lymphocytes. Remarkably, viruses encoding Met replicated to higher titers than viruses encoding Lys in chimpanzee T cells, but the opposite was found in human T cells. Taken together, these observations provide compelling evidence for host-specific adaptation during the emergence of HIV-1 and identify the viral matrix protein as a modulator of viral fitness following transmission to the new human host



I have come to the conclusion that your command of English language is severely lacking. there is no mistaking the certainty in the tone of this report, and the caliber of scientists involved from various world class institutes of research.

[quote author=ayanfe ]PS: I was away because I am actually DOING science while you are MISQUOTING science. Finding articles that happen to have HIV and SIV in the same text does not prove anything.[/quote]It's a pity that your definition of 'actual science' involves merely reading the abstracts of scientific journals.

But here's your chance. you've spent some time babbling about wordplay. it seems you have dissenting views. Simply open your email and contact any of these scientific journals, telling 'em that you plan to write a refutal. After all, you're a scientist, eh?

abdurrazaq:
Now I know what they are really interested in

You talk as if there's shame in being interested in the supply of a commodity that is vital to your country's economy.