₦airaland Forum

Note: provisions were made for plumbing work without breaking structural wall for them. It is a very good way to do conduit plumbing work

More plumbing work

msogunro:
Can you explain why you chose this type of foundation?

That was the structural design specifications. It was in the structural drawing. We also cost checked all the design before starting the project.

For educational reason: width of foundation is mechanically gotten from the relationship between all the axial load acting on the building and the bearing capacity of the soil beneath the footings.

Assuming axial load acting on the footing through the column is N
Allowable soil bearing pressure at certain depth where the footing is to be located is P
Area of footings A
Width of footing B

Mathematically A = 1.1N/P
Where N is only the serviceability load acting the footing.

For square footing, B = square root(A) plus some allowance

The depth of the footings is assumed at first and check for shear later during shear calculation.

Diameter of bar, bar spacing are chosen based on the result of bending calculations

Ground floor plumbing layout for all waste pipe.

Sand filling and compaction of foundation to dpc level

Plinth beam is a beam that is used to connect all the foundation column at a level a little bit above ground level or immediately above grade.

It serves as a tie and also help to provide end restrain to the foundation column for a very high dpc above ground level.

It help to provide top restrain to reduce slenderness ratio of columns or pillars.

Also help to strengthen foundation block above ground to help it serve as a retaining wall when sand filled

More updates from plinth beam construction

Introducing a plint beam of 225mm x 225mm beam, reinforced with 2Y12 up and 2 Y12 bottom.

More foundation block updates

More block work updates

Foundation pillars formwork and casting

More foundation block work updates

Foundation block work
Foundation block is 9 inch or 225mm thick (450 x 225 x 225).

Height of block work up to dpc level = five courses of block work.
Mix ratio of mortar 1:6

Foundation footings concreting work:
The foundation foot was casted with the following aggregates :
19.5mm coarse aggregates (ganite/gravel)
River sharp sand and ordinary Portland cement.

Mix ratio was 1:2:4 by weight

Preparation of foundation basket and foundation column/short pillars.
We have 38 columns and 35basket
32 of these basket are isolated pad base while 3 are combined pad base.

The foundation column/pillar is made up of Y16mm and 8mm ring spaced @200mm c/c

Stage 2: excavation work
Before we go into excavation, I will like to explain our foundation type for this building. We are going to be using pad footings to carry all the structural columns what strip footings carrying the foundation wall and ground floor walls.

The size of the footings are as follows
Pad type one = 1200mm x 1200mm
Pad type two = 1500 x 1500mm
Pad type three = 1800 x 1200mm
Thickness of pad = 350mm

Pad reinforcement : using Y12 mm bar spaced @200mm center to center

koning:
Following. I would like you to showcase ways to reduce excess load on One-story duplexes. I am of the opinion that Nigerian builders strain the foundation by packing too much weight on the upper floor.

Do we really need all that Iron rods for a residential duplex. The Pillars and columns are meant to hold the upper floor. Throw some more light on this.

I am on the same page with you on how to reduce weight of suspended slab but the misconception here is that the majority weight of slab is that of the conconcrete. In most cases, reinforcement bar contribute less than 10% to the weight of any structural members be it slab, column, beams or footing.

Another major contributor of load to suspended floor is partition walls. 225mm partition walls contribute as much as 3.6kN/m 2 when built on slab without bottom beam.

Best way to reduce load on suspended floor is reduce quantity of concrete and portion loads by using thinner section for upper wall, light weight materials for upper walls etc

Setting out: which involves transferring of the information on the architectural, structural and services drawings on to the ground to help marked out the foundation excavation.

Materials used include the following :
Pegs
Profile ( 2 x 2)
Builders square
Hammer
Line or builder rope
Meter tape
Nails etc.

First stop: Benin, in this old city of former bendel state capital and now capital city of Edo state, we will be supervising the construction of a semi detached five bedroom flat with a two unit two bedroom flat

I am opening the thread to showcase different method of duplexes construction in Nigeria.

So many of our job underway in different part of the country will be showcased here.

spyder880:
More rooms. ......

great job with a very good budget.... good job sir

Demainman1:
Never involve family in your project. Keep family away from your build. Don't mix family and your house project. So most people here will say.

Guess what? I listened and decided to use a friend of a brother who I thought was on my side for my roofing. Alas, him and the roofer has just dealt with me seriously.

It's BACK to my family abeg. It's better family chop me than for an outsider to deal with me with no guilty conscience whatsoever.

Why complicating issue... Why not involve a trusted roofer, builder or engineer to do your work?

EgunMogaji:
6m = ~20feet

Shower head and fire sprinklers is highest point.

So 20 feet above shower head or 20 feet from ground level?

Thanks Sir.

20ft above ground

n3xt:
This discussion is something that needs to be well understood.

Most of the times, low pressure issues is always caused by using wrong fittings. Some people will buy the most cheapest tap (even though it's rated high pressure) when they actually require something different to support their water system requirement.

A lot of factors attributes to low water pressure in a house.

1. Length of pipes
2. Water demand
3. Height of the water tank
4. Pipe/Tap rating (low pressure or high pressure). These pipes and Taps are different but who cares.
5. Diameter of supply pipes
6. The water distribution system design. Just like network design, your pipe network is critical to flow rate. The travel distance is also something not to overlook.


So putting a booster will work in a situation where critical planning has not been put in place. For me, I'll try to avoid the use of those boosters and work more on an effective design.

Brabus.

You just made remembered pipe network analysis.
Water demand is not a factor that reduce pressure head. Water demand will affect your storage capacity

EgunMogaji:
What is the recommended height for the tank that serves a bungalow?

Thanks.

Height of tank is a function (pressure head) is govern by the hight of the highest place where you will like to take the water to. For a bungalow of less than 3.5 m from ground level, height of over head tank can be 6m

danowena:
Nice one Oga hajj

Before discussing the doors proper, could we find out if subframes for doors are still relevant? I feel I wasted over 800k on subframes but my carpenter tells me otherwise.

800k on subframes? Oga you rich o

gbosaa:
What the phuck is white Nigerian??. That man is not white. What did he employ the boy as? The young man doesn't need to be taken advantage of by some mutha phucka. He should've told us he is paying his tuition fees to study architecture to realise his potential and accomplish his dreams.

He could be in some slavery shyte washing cars and other menial jobs for this Arab.

You are right bro... He is no white, some brain skin Lebanese I guess. Objectively, no one is white or black, we are just people of different shade of color, nose type and hair texture.

If he was born in Nigeria, he is a Nigerian irrespective of his color or the nationality of his parent. Most of us fail to realized that 20% of all northerners are from niger and Chad... But because they all look like use we just don't know. So many people in South west are from Benin, Togo and ivory cost, we just don't know because they look like us.

We also a serious problem of self esteem and brainwashed mindset about superiority of light skin people, even when such people are from messed up countries like Indians, Pakistan, Lebanon or Egypt, the moment we see them, we inherently believe they must be smarter or superior.... I think that is what lack of history and too much religious indoctrination had cause

konfesor:
.
White Nigerian is more Nigerian than most Nairalanders, wait until u hear him yarning and yabbing. Kind gesture from him anyway. I was privi to serve with him @ nasarawa nysc camp

What is the privilege there... Serving with a brown skin Paki, Indian, Syrian or Lebanese?

Light, white, yellow black, green etc can be a Nigerian if they are allowed by low but looking at someone as something special because of their skin color is stupid and absurd to me.

Colonialism, poverty, and undervelopmenr couple with religious portrayer of good and bad as really dealt with the mind of an average dark skin people

More updates

NL1960:
Oga abdulwastecx, a very good job you are doing here.

Please can you help me with an estimate(materials, labour etc) to plaster a fence of 120ft x 60ft of 10 coaches. It is only the internal part that i want to plaster as the external parts are on other people's land.

Send me your mail air

msogunro:
Can you explain the "pre-stress test" and also why wet curing can't be done on the current method of building a deck?

I mean pre stressed concrete members or beam. The rib beams are pre stressed or pre tensioned members. Pre stressed or pre tensioned beam are produce in the factory under some simple conditions. The principle behind it is using a strands or high steal bars, which are stretched to certain limit within a formwork. This form is then cast to have a beam with high tensioned bar.

The major difference between this rib beam and ordinary beam, is in appearance and mode of load transfer.
These pre tensioned or pre stress beams look curve or chamber when leaving the factor and built up extra compressive stress at the bottom Fibre with high tensile stress along the top fibre, without the need to carry it's self weight. When the expected imposed load during the service life are imposed, it normalize back to to the neutral axis. A sketch below should help.

What is wet curing : wet curing is to immersed a reinforced concrete in container of water after it has set to gain strength over some period of time. This is different from dry curing which involved spraying of water to reinforced concrete to make it gain more strength.
Wet curing is possible under control concrete production like in the lab or pre cast factory but not possible for in-situ cast concrete on a major building construction

Untainted007:
Too much money; he was born with a silver spoon, he grew to have everything he wanted. I admire you Sir and I pray I shall be greater than you. No need hating; whoever God has decided to bless, no man can curse him/her

God blessed him to steal the nation common wealth and leave the larger majority of Nigerians including his people in poverty.

Can you tell me Sanusi' s business, industry or some entrepreneurship ventures that made him a billionaire...