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Education / Re: UI 2018/2019 Admission Thread by olsamlaw(m): 12:47pm On Apr 07, 2018
[quote author=Nltaliban post=66505149]


I've gotten your number. I'll add you to a group you can get pes13 too. Strike out your number

Thanks bro, hope to see you soon
Education / Re: UI 2018/2019 Admission Thread by olsamlaw(m): 11:46am On Apr 07, 2018
Glad to be here guys.. I know for sure we getting our mbbs. Uimbbs

@other senior medical colleagues I salute you o.

@pes13, nltaliban, pls I will love to have your number sir. concerning the practice questions, past questions.. pls I need to get as many as possible.
please help me o anyone

This is my email :-samuelayenioluwole@gmail.
com.

my number 08147532132
Crime / Re: Robbers Hijack Bullion Van On Asaba-Benin Road, Kill Police Escort, Steal N25m by olsamlaw(m): 12:03pm On Sep 07, 2017
why not follow the laid down rules and regulation.
Crime / I've Been Administering Injections On Adeleke For A Long Time- Nurse by olsamlaw(m): 3:28pm On May 18, 2017
I’ve been administering injections on Adeleke for a long time –Nurse

Femi Makinde, Osogbo

The nurse who allegedly administered injections on late Senator Isiaka Adeleke, Alfred Aderibigbe, has said that he has been administering injections on the late lawmaker for a long time.

Aderibigbe said this on Thursday while testifying before the coroner, as ordered by Governor Rauf Aregbesola.



Counsel for the nurse, Mr. Lekan Alabi, led him in evidence. Aderibigbe gave his evidence in Yoruba language.

He said he met Adeleke over 20 years ago while working at the State Hospital, Ede, when he treated a girl who was rushed to the facility because of convulsion.

He said he eventually knew that the girl was Adeleke’s daughter when he (Adeleke) sent for him and gave him some money.

He said Adeleke asked him to see him regularly and that, that was how he “started treating me like his son.”

Aderibigbe added, “After a while, I started treating him (medically). Whenever he was given prescription and he probably didn’t complete his treatment in Abuja, I would administer the remaining.

“He had other nurses in Abuja, and some in Lagos.

“I’m his nurse in Ede. I don’t know any of them (other nurses), but I know that whenever he was given injection by those nurses, he would show me in order to know the new area to inject him.

“He was hypertensive and he had gouty arthritis. I was close to him. I used to advise him to rest for him to be okay.

“He stopped smoking for a long time. He drank alcoholic drinks.”

source:- punchng.com
Health / Ogun State Nurses Protest Decay In Health Sector...#pics by olsamlaw(m): 6:15am On Feb 02, 2017
Nurses and Midwives in two federal health institutions in Abeokuta, Ogun State – the Federal Medical Centre, Idi Aba , and the Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Aro – on Wednesday protested against the decay in the health sector and alleged discrimination against them by the Federal Ministry of Health .

They held the protest at the FMC, Idi Aba , under the aegis of the National Association of Nigerian Nurses and Midwives , Federal Health Institutions chapter .

The Chairman , Joint Health Sector Unions in FMC, Samuel Idowu , and the Unit Chairman , NANNM , Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Aro , Oluwayemisi Falana, lamented the alleged re- designation of nurses , which they noted was not in line with the scheme of service of their members .

Idowu , who read a speech of the National Secretary of the association, Gambo Dan- Fulani , complained of non -payment of promotion arrears for upward of four years to deserving members .

He also condemned the deteriorating state of infrastructure and non -availability of adequate medical consumables in federal health institutions .

He said , “ Promotion given to our members is not real promotion , because even with the promotion they still remain stagnated .
“ Again, the promotion has no financial backing , whereas the resident doctors and the consultants have everything given to them by the Federal Ministry of Health as soon as they ask .

“ They have also failed to pay our members ’ uniform allowance. Professionals cannot change their uniforms as and when due . ”
Falana lamented the lack of consumables in the federal health institutions , saying they had been turned to “ consulting clinics where there are no drugs and other essentials. ”

Also speaking during the protest, Unit Chairman , NANNM , FMC chapter , Abosede Fagoyinbo, urged the Federal Government to remove the health institutions ’ accounts from the Treasury Single Account.

Fagoyinbo said , “ The Treasury Single Account is about mobilising all funds into the federation account . But when you look at health sector , we render essential services. By the principle which TSA operates, you cannot access fund quickly and this is really wrecking the services we provide in the hospitals . ”


Copyright PUNCH

Crime / Woman Dies After Sex Romp In Guesthouse. #pics by olsamlaw(m): 6:08am On Feb 02, 2017
The wife of a Lagos State socialite , identified only as Josephine, has been killed after sex romps with her boyfriend in a guesthouse in the Isheri Olofin area of the state.

PUNCH Metro gathered that the victim had gone to the guesthouse with her boyfriend , Augustine Dunkwu last Tuesday around 2. 30pm.
They were said to have drunk different brands of beer after which they went into a room .
Our correspondent was told that after about 45 minutes of marathon sex, the woman fainted .
When efforts to resuscitate her reportedly failed , the suspect allegedly dressed up and left the guesthouse .

The receptionist , who became suspicious that Dunkwu left without his partner , was said to have quickly dashed into the room and saw that the woman was unconscious .
Our correspondent gathered that the worker raised the alarm, and the suspect was chased , apprehended and handed over to policemen from the Idimu division.
Josephine’ s corpse was subsequently deposited in a morgue .

Our correspondent gathered that the owner of the guesthouse had made statement at the police station .

When our correspondent visited the guesthouse on Jemi Alade Street, he was received by an elderly man and a young lady , who confirmed the incident.
The man , who appeared to own the guesthouse and asked not to be identified , said the suspect had attempted abandoning the corpse in the room .

He said , “ This is a public place and people come in and go out . We are not responsible for what happened .

“ They came in and had drinks . There were several others here that day . After they finished drinking, they went into a room .
“ I don’ t know what happened between them ; but some minutes later , he stepped out of the room and left the guesthouse . The receptionist observed that he didn ’ t leave with his woman friend and when she went inside to check , she discovered that the lady was unconscious and quickly raised the alarm.

“ People ran after him and saw that he had already boarded a vehicle. We had to drag him down from the bus.

“ The incident really caused commotion in the guesthouse as some of our customers fled . We alerted policemen , who arrested him and removed the corpse. ”
A source in the area said Josephine was the wife of a socialite , whom he refused to name.

He said , “ They both had drinks in the guesthouse before going into the room where they had sex. It is possible that the man used drug or the woman was not strong enough to withstand the sex. She passed on during the romp. ”

The source said the police from the Idimu division took the corpse to a mortuary.
Our correspondent gathered that the matter had been transferred to the State Criminal Investigation and Intelligence Department, Yaba.

The state Police Public Relations Officer , SP Dolapo Badmos , said investigations were ongoing into the incident.
She said , “ We were told that on January 24, 2017, the suspect and the deceased lodged in a guesthouse .

“ The suspect later attempted to check out without his guest , prompting the receptionist to run after him .

“ He was taken back to his room where the lifeless body of his girlfriend was discovered without any sign of violence.

“ The corpse was removed and deposited in the Mainland General Hospital Mortuary, Yaba. Investigations are ongoing. ”


www.punchng.com

Crime / Soldiers Beat Redeemed Pastor Into Coma For Refusing To "Frog Jump" by olsamlaw(m): 7:00am On Jan 25, 2017
Adelani Adepegba, Abuja

A pastor with the Redeemed Christian Church of God , Abuja , Alex Ochienu , said he was assaulted and beaten by two soldiers into a coma for refusing to obey their order to do frog jumps . The cleric alleged that he was flogged by Cpl. M . Dankwa and his colleague whose name he did not know , until he collapsed and was rushed to the Gwarimpa General Hospital where he was admitted at the Emergency ward.

The civil engineer said he was supervising construction works at Paradise Estate , Life Camp , Abuja when the soldiers invaded the site with officials of the Development Control Department and assaulted him and other workers. Ochienu told Northern City News on Tuesday that the soldiers beat him with rifle butts and kicked him in the stomach simply because he told them he could not obey their order to do frog jumps as he was fasting.

The engineer said he lost his phone during the incident which occurred on January 17, 2017 at 3pm. Ochienu said despite his pleas to the rampaging soldiers that he was fasting, they refused to listen , but rather flogged him until he collapsed .

He said , “ The soldiers rushed into the site and ordered everyone to frog- jump ; they flogged the workers and threatened to shoot us . I tried to explain to them that I was weak because I was fasting, but Dankwa was infuriated by my explanation.
“ He kicked me in the stomach ; another soldier also joined in beating me till I collapsed . When they saw that I was almost lifeless , they left and I was rushed to the hospital by the workers. ”

The cleric said he learnt the soldiers apologised to the owners of the estate “ for their mistake. ”
But Ochienu said he planned to take legal action against the Development Control Department and the military for the assault .
The Paradise Estate Project Manager , Tobias Tokbe , said he was not at the scene, but added that beside Ochienu , another worker, Bem Ali , was also brutalised by the soldiers without any reason .

He said , “ I was discussing with the development control officials at the project office when I saw some workers carrying somebody and they told me Ochienu was beaten by the soldiers that accompanied the development control officials to the site ; I was livid .

“ I immediately called the development control director who said he didn’t authorise the soldiers to attack anyone . We asked the soldier why he beat up the engineer and he said Ochienu grabbed his jacket , which we know was a lie. ”

Tokbe said the riot policemen guarding the estate almost fought with the soldiers after the incident.
When contacted , the Development Control Director , Muktar Galadima, said he was informed about the incident and “ I said sorry , but I didn ’ t see the victim of the attack



http://punchng.com/soldiers-beat-redeemed-pastor-coma-refusing-frog-jump/

2 Likes

Crime / Re: Boko Haram Invade Borno Again Killed Eight And Abduct Women And Children by olsamlaw(m): 6:19am On Jan 25, 2017
God we need your intervention in our country, this is getting out of control.
Our leaders are just deceiving themselves.
Crime / Boko Haram Invade Borno Again Killed Eight And Abduct Women And Children by olsamlaw(m): 6:07am On Jan 25, 2017
Ndahi Marama
MAIDUGURI— Boko Haram terrorists, Monday night, invaded Dzaku village of Askira Uba Local Government Area of Borno State, killed eight persons and abducted an unspecified number of women and children.
Sources in the affected community disclosed that some terrorists came into Dzaku in two Hilux vehicles, armed with AK-47 rifles and petrol bombs, with which they wreaked havoc without confrontation.
Askira Uba is in Southern Borno senatorial district and about 180 kilometres from Maiduguri, the state capital, that had witnessed series of deadly attacks in the past.
An indigene of the area residing in Maiduguri, Mr. Amos Ali, disclosed that one of his sisters was amongst those abducted by the attackers.
He said: “Because of lack of telecommunication service, we could not be contacted that night. We later received a distress call from our community on Tuesday (yesterday) that
Boko Haram insurgents attacked our people and killed eight before abducting several others, including my sister.
“We are worried, especially now that the military said it has eliminated terrorists from the region.”
All efforts to get confirmation from the Police Public Relations Officer, DSP Victor Isuku, proved abortive, as his mobile lines were not reachable at the time of press.

source:- vanguardngr.com

Events / Re: Ladies And Guys Party Wild At Club Joker, A Benin Night Club (Photos) by olsamlaw(m): 12:12pm On Jan 24, 2017
God help us ooo
Career / Doctor Or Nurse by olsamlaw(m): 6:21am On Jan 24, 2017
Hello guys....
Doctors



Nurses
?

who deserves more pay, respect from the public in general and why??

Politics / Re: Fayose Orders Federal Agencies In Ekiti To Pay Rent Or Leave by olsamlaw(m): 8:40am On Jan 14, 2017
it's nice move by our amiable Governor.
Romance / Re: I Caught This 2 Of My Neighbors In Bathroom And Immediately Took Their Pic (PIC) by olsamlaw(m): 3:53pm On Jan 07, 2017
lolssss
Business / Re: OPEC Agrees To Cut Production; Oil Prices Surge by olsamlaw(m): 6:41am On Sep 29, 2016
its a welcome development for Nigeria, I think this should affect us positively.
Education / Re: Toyosi Craig Wins South African Award by olsamlaw(m): 3:30pm On Sep 24, 2016
Nice one bro, these are what we need. God help us in Nigeria

1 Like

Family / Re: 5 Things Only Those Born With A Wooden Spoon Understand! by olsamlaw(m): 9:16pm On May 24, 2016
smiley Lol....what an experience, kudos to you for sharing with us some of this hilarious but true experience.....
Sports / Rio Olympics: Dalung Cries Over Lack Of Fund To Train Athletes. by olsamlaw(m): 1:57am On May 21, 2016
WITH barely three months to the start of the
2016 Rio Olympic Games, the Minister of Youth
and Sports, Barr. Solomon Dalung has cried out
over the inability of the country’s contingent to
embark on overseas training.
Dalung who appeared yesterday before the Senate
Committee on Sports said already the 78 athletes
that have qualified ought to have started their
foreign camping but for the lack of funds. He
regretted that the N2.9 billion which President
Mohammed Buhari released last year for the 2015
All Africa Games as well as the preparation for
the Olympic was not effectively utilized for the
purpose for which it was released. However,
Dalung vow-ed that every effort would be put in
place to unravel how the money was expended.
This is however, contrary to claims by the former
Director General of the defunct National Sports
Commission, Mallam Alhassan Yalkmut that he
left behind over N640 million after the All Africa
Games.
It was however, gathered the money was
transferred into the Treasury Single Account, TSA
introduced by the APC government of President
Muhammadu Buhari.
Nevertheless, the Minister while expressing the
positives so far said Nigeria has succeeded in
making payments for the country’s participation
as well as paying for the accommodation of the
contingent. “Let me say that this administration
will do everything to unravel what happened to
the money, I will assure you of that.”
Earlier the Chairman of the Senate Committee on
Sports, Senator Obinna Ogba said the legislative
arm of government has done everything during the
budget defence to make sure that the athletes got
all that will make them to excel adding that the
federal government should do all it nerds to do to
adequately prepare the athletes for the games

source: vangaurdngr.com
Politics / Soldier Drowned In Bayelsa, Delta Boat Accident. by olsamlaw(m): 1:47am On May 21, 2016
An unidentified soldier attached to the Joint Force in the Niger Delta, Operation Pulo Shield, has died in a boat accident in Bayelsa State. The unnamed soldier, said to be escorting oil officials from a spill site, reportedly drowned and died at Taylor Creek near an oilfield operated by Nigerian Agip Oil Company in Okordia area of Yenagoa. A community source, who craved anonymity, said the incident occurred on Thursday evening. The source said that the soldier was on an escort duty and drowned when a boat conveying oil workers across the Taylor Creek capsized. He said, “The boat conveying the crew from Agip’s field capsized on their way back from the site at the oilfield across and before help could come the soldier had drowned and died. “They were using a hand paddled canoe to cross the workers one at a time. “The soldier was washing his boots when water entered the boat and it capsized. His rifle fell into the creek when the other members of the crew had crossed and waiting for him to cross.” The source said that the attention of the fishermen operating in the creeks was drawn to the soldier and canoe driver of the ill-fated boat, saying that the time the fishermen arrived the soldier had died and could not be rescued. It was learnt that officials of NAOC, National Oil Spills Detection and Response Agency, and oil workers were returning from an assessment visit to an oil leak site when the incident occurred on Thursday. The Youth President, Kalaba community in Okordia, Mr. Samuel Oburo, said that the rifle of the dead soldier was recovered by local divers on Friday. Oburo said, “Some soldiers from Elele barrack came around after the remains of the soldier was recovered and asked me to mobilise local divers in search of the riffle of the soldier. “We went in search of the gun and we recovered the riffle and handed it over to them, later in the day another senior officer came to show appreciation to the community.” Spokesman for the OPS, Col. Isa Ado, could not be reached on the telephone for comments on the incident. Also, he did not respond to a text message. Eni, parent company of NAOC, has yet to respond to an email seeking a response on the incident Meanwhile, at least, two soldiers were confirmed dead with several others injured in another boat mishap involving military patrol team around the creeks of Egwa 1 near an SPDC flow station in Warri South West Local Government Area of Delta State. Sources told Southern City News that the incident occurred Friday morning at about 10am. The incident, it was learnt, had thrown the Joint Task Force, Operation Pulo Shield and 3 Battalion of the Nigerian Army Effurun into mourning. Community sources also confirmed the incident, but could not give details. A senior military officer, who later confirmed the incident, said the military boat was carrying about 10 soldiers when it capsised. The officer said they were on a normal routine patrol of oil installations around the Egwa 1 community when the incident occurred. It was further gathered that those who sustained various degrees of injuries have been conveyed to an undisclosed hospital for medical care in the oil city of Warri. “We lost two of our soldiers to a boat mishap early this morning around Egwa 1 in Warri South West of Delta State. “They were patrolling the creeks when the incident happened. Report reaching us said scores were injured,” the officer, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said. Col. Isa Ado, JTF’s spokesman could not be reached for response. Calls and a text message sent to his telephone line were equally not answered or replied. Copyright PUNCH.
Crime / Don't Confront My Administration, Buhari Warns Niger Delta Avengers by olsamlaw(m): 1:37am On May 21, 2016
President Muhammadu Buhari, on Friday, urged
militants in the Niger Delta to drop their
confrontational stance and work with his
government to review the Amnesty Programme
initiated by the Late ex-President Umaru
Yar’Adua Administration.
President Buhari assured oil companies operating
in the Niger Delta that the Federal Government is
taking all necessary actions to protect strategic
assets in the region from vandals and criminals.
Speaking at a meeting with the Global Director
(Upstream) of the Royal Dutch Shell Group,
Andrew Brown, President Buhari said that he had
directed the Chief of Naval Staff to reorganise
and strengthen the military Joint Task Force
(JTF) in the Niger Delta to deal effectively with
the resurgence of militancy and the sabotage of
oil installations.
The President told Mr. Brown that the operations
of the JTF were also being enhanced with
increased support and cooperation from the
United States and Europe in the areas of training,
intelligence, equipment and logistics.
He said: “We have to be very serious with the
situation in the Niger Delta because it threatens
the national economy. I assure you that
everything possible will be done to protect
personnel and oil assets in the region."
The president urged aggrieved persons, militants
and communities in the Niger Delta to drop their
confrontational stance and work with those who
have been charged by the Federal Government to
review the Amnesty Programme initiated by the
Yar’Adua Administration for the benefit of all
parties.
President Buhari praised the resilience and staying
power of Shell in Nigeria despite the operational
challenges of the environment .
He urged the company to do its best to end gas
flaring in the Niger Delta quickly and produce
more gas for electricity generation to support
manufacturing and job creation in the country.
Mr. Brown had appealed for an urgent solution to
rising crime and militancy in the Niger Delta.
The Shell Executive also dispelled speculations
that the company was pulling out of Nigeria.
He said that contrary to such speculations, Shell
was currently in discussions with the Nigerian
National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) on new
joint oil and gas projects.

source:- Vanguardngr.com
Career / The Rise Of Nursing Profession. by olsamlaw(m): 2:44am On May 20, 2016
Medicine has changed dramatically over the years with new drugs and treatments revolutionising the way patients are cared for. With that has come an overhaul in the way staff work. In particular, the demarcation between doctors and nurses. What was once the preserve of doctors - prescribing drugs, ordering x-rays, referring patients and diagnosing - is now also done by many senior nurses who have had extra training. They go by a variety of titles from nurse consultants and clinical nurse specialists to nurse practitioners. Some specialise in a particular condition - diabetes or heart disease for example - while others coordinate care in A&Es and or community settings. Go to a walk-in clinic or minor injury unit and the chances are you'll be seen by a nurse. Some GPs also use nurse practitioners to ease their workload by carrying out consultations. The 'super' nurse Matt Hodson is a nurse consultant who specialises in respiratory disease. He has a masters and doctorate and leads a team of specialists who provide care in the community and in hospitals in east London. Unless a patient has an emergency, they need never see a doctor - something the public still does not fully appreciate. "Before we started, patients either saw their GP or went to hospital," he said. "But now we are able to look after their needs - we can refer, prescribe, give clinical advice. "If problems flare up we can provide oxygen or a nebuliser. These are the sort of things traditionally done in a hospital but there is a lot nurses can do," added Mr Hodson. And the evidence suggests it works. Research by the British Heart Foundation on heart failure specialist nurses has shown that they can reduce hospital admissions and consultant appointments, giving a saving of over £1,800 per patient. The charity Parkinson's UK has found that a specialist nurse saves over £200,000 a year in avoidable bed days, consultant appointments and unplanned admissions. Over the years I have heard nurses describing themselves as "mini-doctors" or "substitute doctors" doing the jobs medics once did. In fact, on wards you can sometimes find experienced nurses being assertive in discussions with junior doctors. Nurses v doctors There are nearly 330,000 nurses (in terms of full time equivalents) working in the NHS in England - with 64,000 working in senior roles. By comparison there are more than 32,000 GPs and 40,000 consultants. GP partners (those which run practices) earn an average of £102,000 a year, while those that are employed by practices get £56,000. Pay for senior nurse roles varies greatly, with salary bands stretching from £31,000 to £81,000. All this begs the question: what more could senior nurses do? After all, the NHS is facing particular problems recruiting GPs and A&E doctors in particular, while the ageing population is putting more and more demands on services. It was a point floated by the Royal College of Nursing this week. Peter Carter, the union's general secretary, said senior nurses were a "huge part of the solution" in the push to create seven-day services as they could "make decisions, supervise teams and educate and mentor". Currently there are about 64,000 nurses employed in England in senior roles - although it will include those in managerial position as well as nurse consultants and the like. That is only marginally fewer than the 72,000 hospital consultants and GPs that are on the pay roll. What do doctors think? The medical profession has always been reluctant to relinquish its roles and responsibilities. Paul Flynn, chair of the British Medical Association consultants committee, and a consultant obstetrician and gynaecologist, believes there is a "limit" to how far you can go with this. He says evidence shows those senior nurses working in general practice, for example, order more tests and take longer to do consultations. "It's not always more efficient, what we need is properly resourced staff across the NHS," he said. "In hospitals nurse specialists can take on some of the jobs. For example I will make the diagnosis and then the nurse will take charge of discussing treatment options and managing that side. "It means I can get on and see the next patient. But you can't simply replace one with another," he explained. It is, of course, a fair point. But with the nature of health care changing as medicine advances, and a growing amount of time devoted to helping people manage their conditions, there is arguably a growing role for the expert nurse as a way of making resources stretch further.
Health / Zika Virus Update by olsamlaw(m): 1:22am On May 09, 2016
HealthDay Reporter FRIDAY, May 6, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- The terrible birth defects caused by Zika virus appear to be the result of an immune system response that triggers prenatal brain cell suicide and obstructs fetal brain development, a new lab study reports. The virus apparently activates an immune receptor called TLR3, which the body uses to identify and defend against invading viruses, said lead researcher Tariq Rana. He is a professor of pediatrics and genetics at the University of California, San Diego. The hyper-activated TLR3 then proceeds to turn off genes that fetal stem cells need to specialize into brain cells, and appears to switch on genes that trigger cell suicide, Rana said. "We all have an innate immune system that evolved specifically to fight off viruses, but here the virus turns that very same defense mechanism against us," Rana explained. "By activating TLR3, the Zika virus blocks genes that tell stem cells to develop into the various parts of the brain." These findings help explain how Zika causes microcephaly , an abnormally small brain and skull development, and other neonatal brain-related birth defects, Rana said. They also show why there's no similar effect in adults, since their brains are already fully developed. There's also good news for the potential prevention of brain birth defects due to Zika. Rana and his team successfully blocked this process in laboratory stem cell samples by using a chemical that inhibits the action of TLR3. A drug that safely blocks TLR3 could possibly save babies from birth defects if given to Zika- infected women during the early stages of pregnancy , he said. "If some mom comes into the clinic and the doctor thinks there is a Zika infection established, you could give this med, and once the first trimester is done, you can take them off the med," Rana suggested. Zika is the first mosquito -borne virus ever proven to cause birth defects, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. To figure out why this happens, Rana and his team used human embryonic stem cells to create a laboratory model of a first-trimester human brain, also called a "cerebral organoid." The model's stem cells were designed to specialize and grow into the various different cells in the brain, much the same as they do during a fetus ' first trimester.
Health / #what You Need To Know About Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by olsamlaw(m): 12:58am On May 01, 2016
 The prostate is a small, muscular gland in the male reproductive system. Your prostate surrounds your urethra and produces most of the fluid in your semen. The muscular action of the prostate helps propel the fluid and semen through your penis during sexual climax. Benign prostatic hypertrophy, or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), occurs when the cells of the prostate gland begin to multiply. These additional cells cause your prostate gland to swell, which squeezes the urethra and limits the flow of urine. Obstruction may be so severe that no urine can leave the bladder at all. This is called bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), and it’s a complication of BPH. It can be dangerous because urine trapped in the bladder can cause urinary tract infections (UTIs) and damage your kidneys. BPH is not the same as prostate cancer. It’s a benign condition that doesn’t increase the risk of cancer. BPH is a common condition in men over the age of 50.
What Are the Symptoms of BPH? The symptoms of BPH are often very mild at first, but they become more serious if they aren’t treated. Common symptoms include. incomplete bladder emptying nocturia, which is the need to urinate two or more times per night dribbling at the end of the urinary stream incontinence, or leakage of urine the need to strain when urinating a weak urinary stream a sudden urge to urinate a slowed or delayed urinary stream painful urination blood in the urine pus in the urine Tell your doctor if you’re concerned about any symptoms you’re having. These symptoms are treatable, and prompt treatment will prevent complications. What Causes BPH? BPH is considered a normal condition of male aging, and it’s estimated that over half of men over the age of 80 have BPH symptoms. Although the exact cause is unknown, changes in male sex hormones as you age may be a factor. Any family history of prostate problems or any abnormalities with your testicles may raise your risks for BPH. Men who’ve had their testicles removed at a young age don’t develop BPH. How Is BPH Diagnosed? Evaluation for BPH begins with a physical exam and review of your medical history. The physical exam includes a rectal examination that allows the doctor to estimate the size and shape of your prostate. Other tests can include the following: During a urinalysis or urine culture, your urine is checked for blood and bacteria. During a prostatic biopsy, a small amount of prostate tissue is removed and examined for abnormalities. During a urodynamic test, your bladder is filled with liquid via a catheter to measure the pressure of your bladder during urination. A prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is a blood test used to check for cancer of the prostate. A post-void residual is done to see how much urine is left in the bladder after urination. During a cystoscopy, your doctor examines your urethra and bladder through a tiny lighted instrument inserted into your urethra. During a rectal ultrasound and prostatic biopsy, your doctor can confirm a diagnosis of BPH and rule out malignancy. During an intravenous pyelogram or urogram, a dye is injected into your system. This reveals your entire urinary system on an X-ray or CT scan. What Are the Treatments for BPH? Treatment of BPH can begin with self-care. If symptoms don’t subside through self-care, medication or surgery may be recommended. Your age and general health will also influence the prescribed treatment. Self-care includes the following: Urinate as soon as you feel the urge. Make a habit of going to the bathroom to urinate, even when you don’t feel the urge. Avoid taking over-the-counter decongestants or antihistamine medications. They can make it harder for the bladder to empty. Avoid alcohol and caffeine, especially in the hours after dinner. Reduce your stress level. Nervousness can increase the frequency of urination. Exercise regularly. A lack of exercise can aggravate your symptoms. Learn and practice Kegel exercises to strengthen your pelvic muscles. Keep warm. Being cold can make symptoms worse
source: healthline.com
Health / Diabetes Insipidus by olsamlaw(m): 12:41am On May 01, 2016
Diabetes insipidus ( DI) is a condition characterized by excessive thirst and excretion of large amounts of severely dilute urine, with reduction of fluid intake having no effect on the concentration of the urine. [1] There are different types of DI, each with a different set of causes. The most common type in humans is the neurological form, called central DI (CDI), which involves a deficiency of arginine vasopressin (AVP), also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH). The second common type of DI is nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), which is due to kidney or nephron dysfunction caused by an insensitivity of the kidneys or nephrons to ADH. DI can also be gestational, or caused by alcohol or some types of drug abuse. DI should not be confused with nocturia . Although they have a common name, diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus are two entirely separate conditions with unrelated mechanisms. Both cause large amounts of urine to be produced ( polyuria ). However, diabetes insipidus is either a problem with the production of antidiuretic hormone (central diabetes insipidus) or kidney's response to antidiuretic hormone (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus), whereas diabetes mellitus causes polyuria via a process called osmotic diuresis , due to the high blood sugar leaking into the urine and taking excess water along with it.
source:Wikipedia. com
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