₦airaland Forum

More; http://drinosblog..is/2017/06/bbnaija-gifty-steps-out-braless-to.html

Last weekend in Lagos, former Big Brother Naija star, Gifty stepped out in this lovely pink gown, without a bra, for entrepreneur Kelvin Orifa’s new company EMBLUE launch.

What's your view about her look?

See More Photos Below;

Source; http://drinosblog..is/2017/06/bbnaija-gifty-steps-out-braless-to.html

More; http://drinosblog..nl/2017/06/more-photos-from-davido-and-olamide.html

Nigerian rapper, Olamide a.k.a baddosneh and Entertainment Singer Davido (OBO) pictured together in the video shoot of their unreleased music in Miami..

The two star's are currently working in the studio together and already shooting the music video..

We hope that the music is a lit.

See More Photos Below;

Source; http://drinosblog..nl/2017/06/more-photos-from-davido-and-olamide.html

A 34-year-old Singaporean has hit a new record after having sexual intercourse with 57 different women in 24 hours. The man broke a 34-year old record with that feat.

The former record holder successfully had sex with 55 women in a 24-hour period in 1983.

The record was set in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic, as part of an annual event run by a local brothel.

A report by Europe Herald says the man, had been training hard for months and was delighted to have broken the previous record, which stood at 55.

“I’ve always been a bit of a sex addict, and when I learned that the brothel was having a world record attempt, I knew I had to come and give it a go,” he said.
“I took it really seriously and trained for it just like an athlete would prepare for a marathon. In some ways, it’s actually much harder than a lot of professional sports.”

The world record attempt began at midnight local time, with officials looking on as the man commenced intercourse with his first partner.

“For the world record to count, every woman I slept with had to be different, so the venue had to hire a number of girls from other brothels,” the unnamed man said.

By midday, he was ahead of world-record pace, having slept with 29 women.
“I started to get a bit of a cramp around then, but luckily, we had a physiotherapist on hand to give me a massage, which helped out,” he told journalists.

As part of the conditions attached to the world record, no challenger is allowed to take any prescription medicine to enhance their erection, and the Singaporean man passed a test to reveal his system was clear of such medication.

“Natural remedies are permitted, but I won’t disclose what supplements I take,” he said.

The record officials were on hand to measure the amount of fluid ejaculated by the man at the end of each session.
“It’s not the most sought-after job, but we find it rewarding in our own way,” said one of the judges involved.

Source; http://drinosblog..is/2017/06/man-breaks-record-sleeps-with-57-women.html

An auto crash which occurred along Lasu- Igando road has left four students of Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education (AOCED) critically injured,
It was gathered that the bus conveying the students rammed into a stationary waste disposal truck due to over speeding.

Four students were rescued from the vehicle unconscious, while others sustained varying degrees of injuries.

Officials of the rescue agencies, Lagos State Ambulance Services (Lasambus) and Lagos state Emergency Management Agency,( LASEMA) were on ground to attend the victims before they were taken to the hospital.

Source; http://drinosblog..nl/2017/06/four-students-injured-as-bus-rams-into.html

Source; http://drinosblog..is/2017/06/lautech-visitation-panel-discovers-97.html

The visitation panel set up to investigate the crisis rocking the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Ogbomoso has discovered no fewer than 97 different bank accounts in almost all the commercial banks in the country being operated by the institution, DAILY POST has learnt.

This is against the directive of the Treasury Single Account (TSA) policy specifically put in place to promote transparency.

The report, DAILY POST also learnt revealed that majority of the banks have closed shop due to either restructuring, merger or outright de-listment by the Central Bank of Nigeria.

Commissioner for Education, Science and Technology in Oyo State, Professor Adeniyi Olowofela while receiving the state executive members of Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN) in Ibadan at the weekend said that with these discoveries, “there is a need for an external forensic audit of the institution’s account in order to ensure financial prudence and accountability.”
Olowofela while speaking said that part of the recommendations of the visitation panel led by Chief Wole Olanipekun, set up to look at the remote and immediate causes of the perennial crisis rocking the institution and provide workable panacea was that, “the accounts of the institution and its workforce must be audited”.

Olowofela said that owner states, Oyo and Osun states released the total sum of thirteen billion, six-hundred and twenty-six million naira (N13.626 billion) as subvention for the institution between 2011 and 2016.

He noted that this is excluding additional Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) by the institution through its various business ventures and activities running into millions of naira.

While reiterating the earlier position demanding an external forensic audit of the institution’s account in ensuring financial prudence and accountability, Olowofela said that the forensic audit of the institution’s purse was necessary so as to defuse and proffer lasting solution to the incessant crisis that had been affecting the institution.

He said, “We are not too comfortable with the accounting process or procedure of the institution, that is the least we can say now”

“Part of the recommendations of the visitation panel was that the accounts of the school must be audited, not only the accounts but the work force too must also be audited such that we look at the best practices on how to run this particular institution”
“The bursary departments still rely on analogue mode of operation, with its attendant challenges and risks”.

“When the government said you must have single account, in that visitation panel report, you have various accounts. If you have various accounts, you have not been accused of any financial difficulty, but we must know the truth so that at the end of the day, we will know whether something is wrong with the management, administration or the accounting process.

“The visitation panel observed that the university opened ninety-seven different bank accounts in almost all the commercial banks in the country. Some of the banks have closed shop, due to either restructuring, merger or outright de-listment by the Central Bank of Nigeria.

Olowofela summarily analyzed as follows, “The subventions released to LAUTECH between 2011-2016 goes thus; Oyo state released 8,473,361,702.25, and Osun state contributed 5,153,047,345.74, totaling N13.626 Billion.

“Also, the students population is as follows : Undergraduate (Regular) – 27,457. Undergraduate (Part time ) – 1514. Postgraduate (Regular) – 2857.

Postgraduate (Part-Time) 3054. Open Distance Learning (ODL) 655. Total- 35,507 Students.

“Why is it difficult for LAUTECH to survive, since institutions with less students’ population are surviving?”.

“We must ascertain whether the government needs to jerk up the subvention or whether government needs to remove the subvention completely. We must know so that we will be acting based on facts. But what are we observing now, people are moving from one quarter to the other raising emotions”.

While appealing to the labour unions of the institution to give peace a chance, Olowofela assured that, “We are getting closer to the solution than to the problem.

“If we have an enabling atmosphere such that the audit firm is able to do the job there, the two governments will comply with the recommendations.

“The audit firm must submit its report within the next 3 weeks. But it appears as if some people want to truncate the exercise. I am appealing to the workers to give peace a chance”.

Fynestboi Mynd44 Lalasticlala

The national screening committee of the Apc led by the Speaker of Zamfara State House of Assembly, for the Osun west senatorial bye election ,today has disqualified One of the two aspirants vying for the ticket, Senator Mudashir Hussein.

Hussein according to the committee was disqualified for his failure to resign from his position as a serving commissioner in the state.

More details later....

Source; http://drinosblog..is/2017/06/osun-west-bye-election-senator-mudashir.html

SMH

More; http://drinosblog..nl/2017/06/don-congratulate-me-on-my-weight-loss.html

Gabourey Sidibe's transformation has many in awe but the actress says she gets annoyed when people congratulate her over her weight loss. .

In an interview with Refinery29, she said: "It just annoys me because I’m just like, don’t congratulate me on that. If you’re going to congratulate me on my weight loss, also congratulate me every time I pee. .

Congratulate me every time I’m burping. Because my body actually has nothing to do with you, and I don’t really need your support for it. .

My body will always be my body and always had been, and you have nothing to do with it and you’re kind of a stranger. But the way it works is that this is just my body. In the same way that this is just my face, this is just mine.”

See Before and After Photos Below;

Source; http://drinosblog..nl/2017/06/don-congratulate-me-on-my-weight-loss.html

A cucumber seller, Umar, has been caught with a sack containing a one-year-old child he abducted on Ayodele Awodeyi Street, Mile 12, Lagos State.

Drinosblog gathered that the boy, Isiaq Ismail, was playing with his peers in front of his parents’ residence when the culprit, who sold cucumbers, held him by the hand under the pretext of playing with him.

The other children who Isiaq was playing with ran inside the house and informed his parents that there was a strange man outside.

The mother rushed out only to see Umar fleeing with a sack while there was no sign of Isiaq. She quickly raised the alarm and the suspect was rounded up by her neighbours.

Isiaq’s father, Abdulrahman Ismail, said he was sleeping around 3pm on Monday when noises from outside woke him up.

He said;
“On getting outside, I saw my wife in a crowd with a man (Umar) who was being beaten. She told me the man was taking away Isiaq in a sack and she called for help. The man didn’t tell us why he abducted my son. We invited the Mile 12 Market security men to rescue him from the mob,”

The Chief Security Officer of the market, Imrana Ibrahim, said it took combined efforts of his men and some soldiers to rescue Umar from the mob, adding that he had been handed over to the police.

He said;
“According to the information I gathered, the boy was playing outside with other children. The suspect approached them and held the boy in the hand. As other children ran inside, the mother of the boy came out to look for her son.

“She found the child in the sack carried by the suspect. Security men rushed to the scene upon a distress call and met a mob about to lynch the man. They intervened to rescue him, but the mob resisted. I had to seek the assistance of soldiers to rescue him.

“We took him to a police post around us and he was later transferred to the Ketu Police Station. Some people said he sold cucumbers.”

Another security man, Sami Iliya, said Umar had earlier been caught stealing goods from trucks parked inside the market.

A resident, Abdullahi Kwakwa, said there had been incidences of child abduction in the neighbourhood, adding that a child, who was abducted last year, had yet to be found.

He said,
“Hardly a month goes by when a case of missing child will not be recorded around here. As I speak, we have been looking for a child since last year. That was why people were angry when they caught the man.”

The Lagos State Police Public Relations Officer, ASP Olarinde Famous-Cole, who confirmed the incident, said the suspect would be transferred to the Anti-Kidnapping Unit at the command’s headquarters in Ikeja.

He said,
“The matter is still under investigation and the suspect will be transferred to the Anti-Kidnapping Unit of the command for a comprehensive investigation.”

Source; http://drinosblog..is/2017/06/cucumber-trader-caught-with-stolen.html

ok

Nigerians ad money sha

May Allah make us bigger in heaven, not on earth. Earth will finish, heaven won't, footballer Tiote's final words to his friend, hours before his death

See photos below;

Source; http://drinosblog..is/2017/06/footballer-tiote-final-words-to-his.html

On June 01, the internet went wild with news that singer, Dammy Krane , is being held behind bars in the US for credit card fraud.
Mugshot of the
AMIN crooner, was also shared online.

Dammy Krane , has however come out to assure fans that all his well as he took to twitter to share some philosophical thoughts.
According to him:

“In weird situations like this, you go start to see, who is with you and who isn’t. No fake love.”
“See ehn… Understanding is a three-edged sword. Your side, my side, and the truth.

Make dem talk. “This one, that one, rumor…One time for my fans, new material coming, i go talk everything. God got us, help me say amin o.”

Dammy Krane, who was formerly signed under Hypertek music, successfully already generated over 10,000 reactions on twitter with his arrest story.
A twitter user, @UmehOMA wrote:

“Dammy Krane probably watched Prison Break finalè, and decided to go pull some Michael Scofield stunt with Sauce kid. *grabs popcorn*”

A post by shakur said that Dammy krane really followed his mentor, Sauce Kid, “to ewon” (prison).

Source; http://zenithhelm..nl/2017/06/i-go-talk-everything-very-soon-dammy.html

The bank shared photos from the contract signing today on their twitter page and wrote;
“Guys, guess who’s the latest member of the Sterling Bank #STEM family?

Source; http://zenithhelm..is/2017/06/breaking-olamide-becomes-sterling-bank.html

Growing up in Nigeria, Ghana and other neighboring countries, you must have heard of the popular term “Ghana Must Go“. Yes! It is the name of a common big bag used to store things or pack loads when traveling. But have you ever wondered why this bag, called “Chinatown tote ” in USA and “Tuekenkoffer ” in Germany, is called “Ghana Must Go” in Nigeria and Ghana? Well, someone did not just sit and coin the name for the bag, a real life incident that happened in Nigeria back in 1983 christened the bag “Ghana Must Go”.

In 1983, during the democratic regime of President Sheu Shagari, the federal government of Nigeria ordered a mass deportation of illegal immigrants living in Nigeria due to the atrocities most of them were reportedly perpetrating in the country. More than half of the deportation victims were Ghananians who had come to Nigeria in search of better living in the 1970s when Nigeria was experiencing oil boom and Ghana, political and economic hardship. The Nigerian government did not just wake up one day to expel over 2 million Africans, there were certain factors (one mentioned above) that culminated in the expulsion.

Nigeria and Ghana were good allies and have been maintaining their friendship before independence till now. But this friendship was threatened in the 1980s during the regime of the Ghanaian Head of State, Flight Lieutenant Jerry J. Rawlings and the Nigerian President, Alahji Sheu Shagari. Both African leaders were not in good terms and this was because President Shagari was a good friend of Ghana former president, Hilla Limann , who Rawlings overthrew his government. This deteriorated the Ghana-Nigeria relationship to the extent that in 1982, Rawlings raised an alarm that Shagari wanted to help Limann overthrow his government, and in response, Nigeria stopped the shipping of crude oil on a loan deal to Ghana.

As this beef continued between the government, so did it between the citizens. The aliens in Nigeria were seriously threatening the peace of the country and Nigerians were not ready to take that. The situation began getting heated in 1980 when a Cameroonian expatriate named Muhammed Marwa alias Maitastine spearheaded a religious uprising ( Maitastine Uprising of 1980 ) that led to the death of scores. Maitastine was an illegal immigrant like many of his followers who were from Burkina Faso, Niger and Cameroon. This uprising is considered the second most tragic event in Nigeria after the
Biafran war . It must also be noted that there had existed an old wound in the Nigeria-Ghana relationship back in 1969 when the Ghanaian government effected the Alien’s Compliance Order . Nigerians and other African immigrants were banished on the claim that the economy of Ghana was in depression.

The last straw that broke the camel’s back was the robbery at Ekwueme’s house. Alexander Ekwueme, the then Nigerian Vice President was robbed by a group of armed robbers which consisted mainly of expatriates. When the robbers were caught by the police, it was discovered that two of them were Ghanaian. This sent the whole of Nigeria crazy. Instant action was taken by the Nigerian government and the Ministry of Internal Affairs. On the 17th of January, 1983, the Nigerian Minister of Internal Affairs, Alhaji Alli Baba, announced the immediate expulsion of all illegal immigrants in Nigeria within two weeks. President Sheu Shagari also added in a statement, “If they don’t leave, they should be arrested and tried, and sent back to their homes. Illegal immigrants under normal circumstances, should not be given any notice whatsoever. If you break a law, then you have to pay for it. ”

Panic gripped all aliens without papers in Nigeria for it was the least expected action of the Nigerian government. Over 1 million Ghanaians were thrown into confusion and indecision. It was rumored that the Federal government gave power to Nigerians to confront any alien after the ultimatum given to leave. This scared the expatriates and sent them fleeing with and without their luggage. Those who could pack their belongings used the biggest of bags available which happened to be the big bag which is now referred to today as Ghana must go.

This mass deportation met global criticisms. The act was condemned by many humanitarian organizations across the globe. The US Department of State said the expulsion order was “shocking and a violation of every imaginable human right. ” All these did not make the Nigerian government reverse the order. It still bent on expelling all illegal immigrants in the country. Also, there were claims that the corruption riddled government of President Sheu Shagari ordered the deportation to divert attention from its shenanigans because election was near. Truly, the Shagari government had to pull a stunt to divert the attention of Nigerians and win their votes.

Ghanaians trooped out en masse for they knew Nigeria was no longer safe for them. It was indeed a massive exodus that automatically rooted its feet in the history of Nigeria and Ghana. They (Ghanaians) camped at the Seme boarder as they waited to enter Benin Republic where they hoped to find a ship to Ghana. The land route through Togo was much preferable and convenient but the Ghanaian dictator, Jerry J Rawlings had closed the Ghana-Togo border due to an attempted coup in 1981. Togo also closed down its boarder with Benin in order to avoid refugee crises. After sometime, the Ghananian military ruler, Jerry Rawlings opened the Ghana-Togo border and left Togo no choice than to do the same with Benin Republic and allow refugees to flow across like water. It was indeed a great news for the Ghanaian refugees. On getting home, they were welcomed by relatives and friends amidst tears. Jerry Rawlings also visited some of them at Tema harbour and assured them that his government would provide assistance in every possible way.

This is the real bitter story behind every ‘Ghana must go’ bag. However, it should be known that today, Nigeria and Ghana remain best of friends as they let the past behind them. This is evident in the entertainment, sports and politics sectors of the two countries.

“History should not be used as an instrument of revenge but rather as a tool for preventing future mistakes.”- Teslim O. Omipidan | Zenith Helm CEO.

Mynd44 Lalasticlala Seun
Source; http://zenithhelm..nl/2017/06/the-true-story-of-ghana-must-go-saga-in.html

What's Your View?

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A Nigerian yet to be couple (name withheld) have gone viral recently for their funny pre-wedding photos. The lady dresses like a road safety officer and the man is an unsuspecting driver. The normal pull over thing and goes through his particulars.

This is a situation Nigerians who drive can really relate to. However their story leads to a romantic conclusion.

See more below:-

Source; Zenith Helm Media

Some people can be so wicked or how can one explain the act of pirating a legitimated product and selling it to the unaware public at the price of the real product.

What will you do if you discover that your recent purchased Infinix Zero 4 is fake after spending huge amount of money to get it? I Know it sounds weird but a lot of people have fallen victims of fake smartphones most especially Infinix devices .

If it’s not original, it can never be like original. Infinix has put in measures to checkmate counterfeit Infinix smartphones in the market beginning from the one you are holding.

Some of you might even be using original Infinix smartphones but your battery might be fake…

How Can I Check If my Infinix Smartphone and Battery is Original or Fake?

Before you begin, you need to get your IMEI and VC Number.

For IMEI, dial *#06#
For VC number (check on the battery or phone, It is usually below the battery)

Steps to check if your Infinix is Genuine or Fake

1. Go to infinix verification tool
2. Input your IMEI and VC number
3. Hit the submit button and wait for result

You’ll get an info if your Infinix is genuine or fake. The same is applicable to the battery.

Source; http://zenithhelm..is/2017/06/how-to-identify-genuine-infinix-battery.html?m=1

Oloriburukumods:
Airforce

Is Airforce any Artist?

Happy Newoth NLanders!

Which Musician Do you think should quit Music and should and learn working?

Mine Is Olamide

Which Artist do you think of?

Mynd44 Lalasticlala

Wow..This is really epic..
I just come across this on twitter and decided to share it here..

Here is the reply Adekunle Gold gave a Twitter Fan Who Asked Him "Have You Lunch Your Own Record Label?"

See the reply he gave him;

http://www.zenithhelm..com.ng

Celebrated Nigerian millionaire Emeka Okonkwo popularly known as E-Money is no doubt one of the most successful young men in the country.

E-Money is the younger brother of popular Nigerian music artist Kingsley Okonkwo, also known as Kcee and they both own a record label, Five Star Music. He is also the proud owner of Emmy Cargoes Limited.

Married to Juliet Okonkwo whom he met and started dating while they were in school, E-Money and wife are now blessed with three children and live in the United Kingdom (UK). E-Money visits his family every two weeks.

Aside from being called E-Money due to his luxurious lifestyle, the young man is called Arab Money and can be described as one of the big fishes in oil production, gas industries and shipping in Nigeria.

The young millionaire is never afraid of flaunting his luxurious lifestyle on his social media hands especially, Instagram. He owns a very luxurious mansion filled with cars of his choice. Despite warnings from state authorities, he still flaunts his wealth but moves around with armed police officers.

Aside from his love for African attires, E-Money loves to step out in white and gold outfits. This color also applies to his house located in Omole Estate, Ojodu, Lagos.
His love for cars is immeasurable as he is ready to spend any amount of money to purchase a car of his choice. His latest ride is his N35 million luxurious Mercedes bus. However, he rarely steps out with this bus except on special occasions.

See more photos below:

Source; http://zenithhelm..nl/2017/05/e-money-in-all-shades-of-swag-in-his.html?m=1

Nollywood actress, Anita Joseph, who made us all believe she was pregnant after she shared an ultrasound photo of twin babies in her “LORD you have done me well. Onye kam ga akoro. What more can i say” Instagram post, and subsequently blasting followers who said it was morally wrong for unmarried women to get pregnant, has debunked the rumour of being pregnant.
In a chat with SDK, Anita Joseph said: “I am not pregnant. A close friend of mine is pregnant and I am over the moon because this pregnancy is also mine. For 19 years, she had been TTC and waiting on the Lord. One day, I had a dream showing me that she had twin boy and I told her and she said ”how?”..I said ”Anyhow”. .
I got Psalms and we prayed and fasted over it.She lives in the US and I am in Nigeria. After six months, she was confirmed pregnant…So how do you want me to feel? I never said that I am pregnant, I said God has done me well and I said ”Onye kam ga koro” meaning who will I tell? .
That post wasnt to deceive anyone,I was so excited and only expressing myself and my gratitude to God..you understand?People that know me know how much I love kids. The post went viral and a lot of people tapped into that Miracle and I pray that God will also do it for them”.

Source; http://zenithhelm..nl/2017/05/i-am-not-pregnant-anita-joseph-opens-up.html?m=1

https://d3dvd9zi6s9wem.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/29144948/stole1-600x317.jpg
According to PulseNG, this is how Phyno tried pulling a fast one on the owner of the song “I’m A Fan” song.

Read the full story about the record…

“The entire Nigeria is up in arms about a perceived theft of Phyno’s song by an American singer named Pia Mia.

The record in quote is a song named ‘I’m a fan’ which was released by Phyno in 2016 as part of his “The Playmaker” album. Phyno’s version featured Mr Eazi, and another relative newcomer, Decarlo. The song which is an urban Carrribean fusion, has not been made a single by the Nigerian rapper, but it is one of the critically loved records on the project.
The song was produced by Benjamz.

On May 26, 2017, American singer and songwriter, Pia Mia, released a version of the song which featured singer Jeremih. The similarities between hers and Phyno were present from the start. Pia Mia employs the same song title (I’m a fan’), extremely similar production, chorus, and verse.
On basic inspection, they are the same song, but Pia Mia’s version was produced by Remo the Hitmaker.

The basic crowd mentality with singles in Nigeria is that whoever releases it first owns the song, and very other version is a copy. And that’s what’s been happening. Pia Mia has been dragged across Nigerian social media as a thief, with fans and music enthusiasts accusing her of blatant theft.
But here’s the story. Pia Mia did not steal any song. She didn’t take Phyno’s record, neither did she appropriate the music. The true story is way beyond her.

The story of ‘I’m a fan’ single began from Phyno, Jeremih and producer Remo. According to verified sources close to Phyno’s camp, the rapper was working on incorporating Island-ready production on his sophomore album to tap into the international market. He was in talks with Remo, who sent him the song to work with.

“The guy sent the song to us, and we wanted to work together, but something happened and we couldn’t use it,” our source tells Pulse.

Due to issues regarding remuneration, clearances and demands, Phyno and Remo did not work together. But Phyno liked the idea of the sound, so he sought the help of producer Benjamz, who reconstructed the single, and brought on Mr Eazi and Decarlo to collaborate and release the record.

Remo, who had totally abandoned the Phyno project, still has his music, and so when Pia Mia tapped him and Jeremih for a new record, they had this one ready-made for her to record and release.

These things are not uncommon. In 2014, Phyno’s ‘Authe’ record featuring Flavour, and DJ Spinall’s ‘Gba gbe’ featuring Burna Boy possessed similar melody and lyrics in the choruses. But it was also a recording misunderstanding which was never taken to court. Both Burna Boy and Flavour had worked on a song, which was never finished. So they supplied it to other people.

So Pia Mia, did not steal a Nigerian song. Phyno and Remo had a misunderstanding, and the music has been duplicated.

https://d3dvd9zi6s9wem.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/29094909/phy.jpg

Source; http://zenithhelm..is/2017/05/alleged-true-story-about-controversial.html

There are different  types of thieves, those who steal big and those who decide to steal small but there is no doubt that the current state of the Nigerian economy has been a source of worry for a lot of people. This could be the reason why the young man pictured below resorted to stealing as a way out of his predicament.

The young man was caught stealing plantain from a farm in Sagbama Overside, Bayelsa state, recently. Luckily for him, he didn’t end up as a victim of mob action, as the police whisked him away to ‘safety’.

See More Photos Below;

Source; http://zenithhelm..is/2017/05/find-out-what-this-man-stole-that-got.html?m=1