enemybulldozer:
Because they don't support evil and they're not suffering from zombiezim. Unlike the sai Baba chanters

Attacking Iraq and slaughtering a million people, on the false grounds that that nation possessed WMDs, was evil. The genocide against native Americans was evil. The Inquisition was evil. The Crusades were evil. Dropping atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were evil. Among other heinous acts of mass murder they committed in history. Their people suffer from 'zombiezm' too , because they rarely question seriously the decisions of war and slaughter made by their leaders. Hitler for example turned all Germany into a nation of zombies, using propaganda to engender mass hatred of the Jews, enough to cause the slaughter of 6 million+ people there.

brudiga:
Dindinrin. You still repeating the same mumu endorsements you idiots have been recieving from your alleged illiterate white and arab people. if you still have any iota of sense, you will know that that woman was only being diplomatic so as to decieve you and take everything from you. That why they have always better than you idiots who can be easily swayed by sweet words and music.

Actually her reading audience was the British people. The book, ''A Tropical Dependency'' was written in 1900, was not distributed in Nigeria, and was published in England several decades before Nigerians could read in English. Even as late as 1960, literacy rate here was 5% or thereabouts, thanks to colonial neglect of education. So the book was clearly not for us but for them.

You wouldn't have made this basic error if you read and researched things. Keep being an air head.

capitalzero:
Because they value education and will not vote someone with questionable certificate .
Because they and always try to learn new things...

George W Bush could barely string two sentences together without error. He reportedly visited Brazil on an official tour, and asked their president ''You have blacks here too?''

Americans voted in Trump, and he can hardly spell simple words, is totally incurious, and is painfully ignorant of the world outside America. Winston Churchill had little or no real education. He was a virtual illiterate. Stop idealizing 'white people'.

brudiga:
abeg stop that "africans built civilization and phylosophies" thing. Those ones that where not even able to properly document their works and history? Most of the epistles you quoted up there to back up your useless defense are even from the alleged illiterates from europe and arabs.

Just accept they where just not good enough. EOD

You're obviously a dunce and an illiterate. Did you even read through the text posted on this thread, including testimony by the wife of your first British Governor-General, who was a historian, and who stated very clearly that black Africans gave them civilization?

''Could not properly document their...'' what? Did you read my post on the Timbuktu Manuscripts? Nearly a million manuscripts in total. Have you read a single line of any of them? No? Ignoramus. And you're demanding more, when you haven't read any of the the ones that we wrote.

What is the point of your education if critical analysis and research is beyond you? Your problem is that you're swimming in racial inferiority complex, and want simple answers like ''we're just not good enough'', meaning in other words that we are inferior to white people. Isn't that what you want to hear? Feeling that way is a form of mental sickness for your information. Better not transmit your disease to your kids.

brudiga:
since you said black africans where very good technologicaly around that time according to yoir epistle, why were they conqured and forced to flee? Cant they use their science and tech development to repel them or even invade europe? Because from your epistle, it is common sense that the blacks of that time should have better weapons and knowledge to fight the alleged invading illiterates and less advanced european and arabs?

No civilization on earth is permanent. No race or region can ever hold permanent dominance over the rest of the world. No matter how high you climb, eventually, human frailties will lead to your downfall as a society. Humans are imperfect beings. Vices like greed, complacency, arrogance, infighting in the ruling class, decadence caused by prosperity - there's a host of factors that will eventually lead to a society's downfall. Babylon, Rome, Greece, Egypt, China, Nubia, ALL had their time of dominance and eventually were overtaken by others. Being on the downward trend at this time does not mean you are ''an inferior race'', any more than the cave dwelling whites were an ''inferior race'' when Africans were building civilizations and philosophies.

Civilization occurs in cycles. This region in this era dominates, to be replaced by another region centuries or millennia down the line. Even today, Asia is gradually replacing Europe as the world's economic powerhouse. Nothing stays permanent. Africa's turn will come, and there are signs of an African Renaissance as we speak. Look at Rwanda. Kenya, Ghana, Botswana, Ethiopia. Booming economies. Even Nigeria is making progress albeit a bit slower these days. Africa is rising. The world in say 300 years time could be dramatically different, at the rate we're going. The white man could well wipe out his civilization with nuclear and biological weapons, and return to the bottom of the human ladder, and be replaced by others.

This is why the study of history is so important. You get to realise quickly that nothing remains the same in this world. Things change.

patchsk:


You're actually the piggy here.

You sure are gloating right now, thinking you've made a very big sense.

The question here is, why are Africans so behind the Whiteman?

...In today's world, not 300 years BC.

DON'T GET SO RILED BY THE ALLUSION TO LOVE FOR SEX.

Cuz it's true.

Who knows whether and how much you dance and splurge on sex?

Calm down Mr. Off-topic Historiana!

To answer the question you posed, you MUST delve into history.

Before you buy a car, you ask the seller for its service history, so you know where the car stands in terms of functionality and risk.

When you observe a functional or dysfunctional society, you study its history, to learn how it got that way.

To retrace your journey you must know where the rain began to beat you, as the old Igbo proverb goes.

Without research and study of history, you are left with motorpark tout, air head explanations - ''oh it is because we love sex!''

Wasted education. Requiring a refund.

THE TIMBUKTU MANUSCRIPTS

http://www.timbuktufoundation.org/manuscripts.htm

Discovery of Timbuktu Manuscripts puts an end to Western "Songs and Dance Theory" of African People.






‘The Timbuktu manuscripts’ are a symbolic representation of the impact and influence of the early schools and universities ( XII-XVIth century) that existed in West Africa ( Timbuktu-Gao-Djenné-Kano). However, the manuscripts that remain in Timbuktu are only part of the intellectual heritage of West Africa. Many other manuscripts can be found in other locations in West Africa.

There are 700,000 manuscripts in Timbuktu and surroundings that are on the verge of being lost if the appropriate action is not taken. These manuscripts represent a turning point in the history of Africa and its people. The translation and publication of the manuscripts of Timbuktu will restore self-respect, pride, honor and dignity to the people of Africa and those descended from Africa; it will also obliterate the stereo-typical images of Tarzan and primitive savages as true representation of Africa and its civilization.

The manuscripts of Timbuktu are a living testimony of the highly advanced and refined civilization in Sub-Sahara Africa. Before the European Renaissance, Timbuktu flourished as the greatest academic and commercial center in Africa. Great empires such as Ghana, Mali, and Songhai were proofs of the talents, creativity and ingenuity of the African people. The University of Timbuktu produced both Black African scholars and leaders of the highest rank, character and nobility.

The manuscripts of Timbuktu cover diverse subjects such as mathematics, chemistry, physics, optics, astronomy, medicine, Islamic sciences, history, geography, government legislation and treaties, jurisprudence and much more.

From the 10th century and onward, Timbuktu became an important port where goods from West Africa and North Africa were traded.

Goods coming from Mediterranean shores and salt were traded in Timbuktu for gold. The prosperity of the city attracted both black scholars, black merchants and Arab traders from North Africa. Salt, books and gold were very much in demand at that time. Salt was brought from Tegaza in the north, and gold from the immense gold mines of the Boure and Banbuk, and books were the refined work of the black scholars and scholars of the Sanhaja descent.

In fact, Leo Africanus, a historian of the XVIth century wrote about Timbuktu:

''There are many judges, doctors and clerics here, all receiving good salaries from King Askia Muhammad of the State of Songhay. He pays great respect to men of learning. There is a great demand for books, and more profit is made from the trade in books than from any other line of business.”

The manuscripts provide a written testimony to the skill of African scientists, in astronomy, mathematics, chemistry, medicine and climatology in the Middle Ages.

The manuscripts point to the fact that Africa has a rich legacy of written history, contrary to popular opinion that oral tradition alone has preserved its heritage. This is important, given that written records are believed to be such crucial markers of civilisation.

By the 12th century, Timbuktu became a celebrated center of Islamic learning and a commercial establishment. Timbuktu had three universities and 180 Quranic schools. These universities were the Sankore University, Jingaray Ber University and Sidi Yahya University.

This was the golden age of [post Nile Valley] Africa.

Books were not only written in Timbuktu, but they were also imported and copied there. There was an advanced local book copying industry in the city. The universities and private libraries contained unparalleled scholarly works. The famous scholar of Timbuktu Ahmad Baba who was among those forcibly exiled in Morocco claimed that his library of 1600 books had been plundered, and that his library, according to him, was one of the smaller in the city.




Sankore University Artistic Render Video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sE7UVK4lFs4


Restoration of the Manuscripts

South African involvement
South Africa came onto the scene when President Thabo Mbeki offered help to the Malian government to preserve the ancient scripts during a state visit in 2001. The two countries have now launched a trust fund to elicit funds from the public to preserve the continent's heritage.

An estimated R36-million is needed over a five-year period, both to upgrade the Ahmed Baba Centre and to finance the building of a new library equipped with the necessary technology to preserve the manuscripts.

The Timbuktu Manuscripts have been earmarked as the first official cultural project of the New Partnership for Africa's Development (Nepad), the socio-economic revival plan of the African Union. They have also become a South African Presidential Project, co-ordinated by the Presidency and the Department of Arts and Culture, through the National Archives in Pretoria.

South Africa is now sharing with Mali its own technical expertise on preserving ancient documents. According to project leader Dr Graham Dominy of the National archives, four Malians have just finished part of the  training process.

orisa37:
Their Governments are afraid of their people and not vice versa.
They have Laws and they keep them.
They keep their Military in check.
They record their progress, report their variances and correct them.

Look, the main thing today is that the white countries have been independent for hundreds of years before the African nations. So they've had more time to build up and tweak their institutions into the responsive, corrective institutions of today. But a cursory study of their history shows that this is all really recent, historically speaking. They've not always been this efficient. Just over a century ago, London was a hellhole, even as corruption thrived, and the British aristocracy lived the good life with reckless abandon.

Here are a few quotes from the era.

''The 1834 New Poor Law did much to criminalize poverty. In the “workhouse,” where families fallen on hard times were forced to live, conditions were kept as unpleasant as possible without actually killing people in order to make sure the message was clear. Inmates of the workhouse were fed three meals a day of thin gruel, with an onion twice a week and on Sundays perhaps a roll.''

''By the time of the writing of A Christmas Carol [by Charles Dickens], England was in the grip of “the hungry 1840s.” Despite punitive measures—or perhaps because of them—there was rising unemployment and malnutrition.''

''In September 1843, Dickens visited the Samuel Starey’s Field Land Ragged School, where the most deprived children of London’s slums were taught lessons. He was disturbed by what he saw, and decided to tackle the gross unfairness of London society, its greed and callousness, in his book. “He had an idea of the state as a bad and neglectful parent of the poor,” wrote Michael Slater in his biography Charles Dickens.''

https://www.thevintagenews.com/2017/12/22/a-christmas-carol/


''Dickens likened another section of the workhouse to a prison, commenting that the meagre rations for inmates had created a primitive and bestial youth who had little to offer civilised society:

In one place, the Newgate of the Workhouse, a company of boys and youths were locked up in a yard alone; their day-room being a kind of kennel ...They slunk about, like dispirited wolves or hyenas; and make a pounce at their food when it was served out, much as those animals do.''

http://dickens.port.ac.uk/poverty/


This was all just over a century ago!

So it's not as if white society has always been functional. They are only just emerging from chaos if we're to be objective.

No reason why we won't do the same. In time.

But for thousands of years up till the above upheaval, Black Africa led the world.

Here is more knowledge, FOR THOSE WHO REALLY WANT TO LEARN: Black Africa is the source and cradle of human civilization and progress.


In ancient Greece, all Africa south of the Sahara was referred to as ''Ethiopia''. Here is what the ancient Greeks, many of whom visited Egypt wrote about what they saw:


Ancient Text Source (Primary):


Greek historian Diodorus Siculus. From his own statements we learn that he traveled in Egypt around 60 BC. His travels in Egypt probably took him as far south as the first Cataract.

"They (the Ethiopians) say also that the Egyptians are colonists sent out by the Ethiopians, Osiris ["King of Kings and God of Gods] having been the leader of the colony . . . they add that the Egyptians have received from them, as from authors and their ancestors, the greater part of their laws."

Diodorus's declared intention was to trace the origins of the cult of Osiris, and much of Book 3 of the Bibliotheka Historica is devoted to the intertwined histories of Osiris and the god-favored Ethiopians whom he believed to be the originators of Egyptian civilization. 

(1st century B.C., Diodorus Siculus of Sicily, Greek historian and contemporary of Caesar Augustus, Universal History Book III. 2. 4-3. 3)


Diodorus devoted an entire chapter of his world history, the Bibliotheke Historica, or Library of History (Book 3), to the Kushites ["Aithiopians"] of Meroe. Here he repeats the story of their great piety, their high favor with the gods, and adds the fascinating legend that they were the first of all men created by the gods and were the founders of Egyptian civilization, invented writing, and had given the Egyptians their religion and culture. (3.3.2).

"Now they relate that of all people the Aithiopians [Ethiopians] were the earliest, and say that the proofs of this are clear. That they did not arrive as immigrants but are the natives of the country and therefore rightly are called authochthonous is almost universally accepted. That those who live in the South are likely to be the first engendered by the earth is obvious to all. For as it was the heat of the sun that dried up the earth while it was still moist, at the time when everything came into being, and caused life, they say it is probable that it was the region closest to the sun that first bore animate beings".


Diodorus continues:

"They further write that it was among them that people were first taught to honor the gods and offer sacrifices and arrange processions and festivals and perform other things by which people honor the divine. For this reason their piety is famous among all men, and the sacrifices among the Aithiopians are believed to be particularly pleasing to the divinity."

"The Aithiopians [Ethiopians] say that the Egyptians are settlers from among themselves and that Osiris was the leader of the settlement.The customs of the Egyptians, they say, are for the most part Aithiopian, the settlers having preserved their old traditions. For to consider the kings gods, to pay great attention to funeral rites, and many other things, are Aithiopian practices, and also the style of their statues and the form of their writing are Aithiopian. Also the way the priestly colleges are organized is said to be the same in both nations. For all who have to do with the cult of the gods, they maintain, are [ritually] pure: the priests are shaved in the same way, they have the same robes and the type of scepter shaped like a plough, which also the kings have, who use tall pointed felt hats ending in a knob, with the snakes that they call the asp (aspis) coiled round them."

"There are also numerous other Aithiopian tribes [i.e. besides those centered at Meroe]; some live along both sides of the river Nile and on the islands in the river, others dwell in the regions that border on Arabia [i.e. to the east], others again have settled in the interior of Libya [i.e. to the west]. The majority of these tribes, in particular those who live along the river, have black skin, snub-nosed faces, and curly hair".

(Diodous Siculus, Bibliotheke, 3. Translated by Tomas Hagg, in Fontes Historiae Nubiorum, vol. II: From the Mid-Fifth to the First Century BC (Bergen, Norway, 1996))
---------------------------------------------------------------


Aristotle (384-322 B.C.E.) Greek philosopher, scientist, and tutor to Alexander the Great.
Aristotle is said to have written 150 philosophical treatises.

"Too black a hue marks the coward as witness Egyptians and Ethiopians and so does also too white a complexion as you may see from women, the complexion of courage is between the two."
(Physiognomics, Vol. VI, 812a)

Aristotle makes reference to the hair form of Egyptians and Ethiopians: "Why are the Ethiopians and Egyptians bandy-legged? Is it because the bodies of living creatures become distorted by heat, like logs of wood when they become dry? The condition of their hair supports this theory; for it is curlier than that of other nations, and curliness is as it were crookedness of the hair."
(Physiognomics, Book XIV, p. 317)
---------------------------------------------------------------------

The evidence of Lucian (Greek writer, 125 B.C.) is as explicit as that of the previous writers. He introduces two Greeks, Lycinus and Timolaus, who start a conversation:

Lycinus (describing a young Egyptian): "This boy is not merely black; he has thick lips and his legs are too thin . . . his hair worn in a plait behind shows that he is not a freeman."

Timolaus: "But that is a sign of really distinguished birth in Egypt, Lycinus, All freeborn children plait their hair until they reach manhood. It is the exact opposite of the custom of our ancestors who thought it seemly for old men to secure their hair with a gold brooch to keep it in place."
(Lucian, Navigations, paras 2-3)



''There can be no doubt that the Colchians are an Egyptian race. My own conjectures were founded, first, on the fact that they are black-skinned and have woolly hair, which certainly amounts to but little, since several other nations are so too. But further and more especially, on the circumstance that the Colchians, the Egyptians, and the Ethiopians, are the only nations who have practised circumcision from the earliest times.''

(Herodotus, The Histories, Book 2:104)


Stephanus of Byzantium, who is said to represent the opinions of the most ancient Greeks, says:
"Ethiopia was the first established country on the earth, and the Ethiopians were the first who introduced the worship of the Gods and who established laws."

Quoted by John D. Baldwin, Prehistoric Nations, p. 62.



The Western Dilemma:

If Egypt is a dilemma in Western historiography, it is a created dilemma. The Western historians, in most cases, have rested the foundation of what is called "Western Civilization" on the false assumptions, or claim, that the ancient Egyptians were white people. To do this they had to ignore great masterpieces on Egyptian history written by other white historians who did not support this point of view, such as Gerald Massey's great classic, Ancient Egypt, The Light of the World, (1907) and his other works, A Book of the Beginnings and The Natural Genesis. Other neglected works by white writers are Politics, Intercourse, and Trade of the Carthaginians, Ethiopians, Egyptians, by A.H.L. Heeren (1833), and Ruins of Empires, by Count Volney (1787).

In the first chapter of his book, Dr. Diop refers to the Southern African origins of the people later known as Egyptians. Here he is on sound ground with a lot of support coming from another group of neglected white writers. In his book Egypt, British scholar Sir E.A. Wallis Budge says: "The prehistoric native of Egypt, both in the old and in the new Stone Ages, was African and there is every reason for saying that the earliest settlers came from the South." He further states: "There are many things in the manners and customs and religions of the historic Egyptians that suggests that the original home of their prehistoric ancestors was in a country in the neighborhood of Uganda and Punt." (Some historians believe that the biblical land of Punt was in the area known on modern maps as Somalia.)

European interest in "Ethiopia and the Origin of Civilization" dates from the early part of the nineteenth century and is best reflected in a little known, though important, paper in German Egyptologist Karl Richard Lepsius' Incomparable Survey of the Monumental Ruins in the Ethiopian Nile Valley in 1842-1844. The records found by Lepsius tend to show how Ethiopia was once able to sustain an ancient population that was numerous and powerful enough not only to challenge but, on a number of occasions, to conquer completely the populous land of Egypt. Further, these records show that the antiquity of Ethiopian civilization had a direct link with civilization of ancient Egypt.

Many of the leading antiquarians of the time, based largely on the strength of what the classical authors, particularly Greek historian Diodorus Siculus (1st century B.C.) and Stephanus of Byzantium, had to say on the matter, were exponents of the view that the ancient Ethiopians, or at any rate, the Black people of remote antiquity were the earliest of all civilized peoples and that the first civilized inhabitants of ancient Egypt were members of what is referred to as the Black race who entered the country as emigrants from Ethiopia. A number of Europe's leading writers on the civilizations of remote antiquity have written brilliant defenses of this point of view. Some of these writers are Brice, Count Volney, Fabre, d'Oliver, and Heeren. In spite of the fact that these writers defended this thesis with all the learning at their command and documented their defense, most of the present-day writers of African history continue to ignore their findings.

In 1825, German backwardness in this respect came definitely to an end. In that year, Arnold Hermann Heeren (1760-1842), Professor of History and Politics in the University of Gottengen and one of the ablest of the early exponents of the economic interpretation of history, published, in the fourth and revised edition of his great work Ideen Uber Die Politik, Den Verkehr Und Den Handel Der Vornehmsten Volker Der Alten Weld, a lengthy essay on the history, culture, and commerce of the ancient Ethiopians, which had profound influence on contemporary writers in the conclusion that it was among these ancient Black people of Africa and Asia that international trade was first developed. He thinks that as a by-product of these international contacts there was an exchange of ideas and cultural practices that laid the foundations of the earliest civilizations of the ancient world. Heeren in his researches says: "From the remotest times to the present, the Ethiopians have been one of the most celebrated, and yet the most mysterious of nations. In the earliest traditions of nearly all the more civilized nations of antiquity, the name of this distant people is found. The annals of the Egyptian priests are full of them, and the nations of inner Asia, on the Euphrates and Tigris, have interwoven the fictions of the Ethiopians with their traditions of the wars and conquests of their heroes; and, at a period equally remote, they glimmer in Greek mythology. When the Greeks scarcely knew Italy and Sicily by name, the Ethiopians were celebrated in the verses of their poets, and when the faint gleam of tradition and fable gives way to the clear light of history, the lustre of the Ethiopians is not diminished."


The French writer Constantin-François Volney (1757-1820), in his important work, The Ruins of Empires, extends this point of view by saying that the Egyptians were the first people to "attain the physical and moral sciences necessary to civilized life." In referring to the basis of this achievement he states further that, "It was, then, on the borders of the Upper Nile, among a Black race of men, that was organized the complicated system of worship of the stars, considered in relation to the productions of the earth and the labors of agriculture; and this first worship, characterized by their adoration under their own forms and national attributes, was a simple proceeding of the human mind."

Volney's Ruins; or, Meditation on the Revolutions of Empires, Boston, J. Mendum, 1869.


The testimony of Flora Shaw, the wife of Lord Lugard, British Governor-General of colonial Nigeria. SHE KNEW THE TRUTH! She wrote about it in her seminal work 'A Tropical Dependency: An Outline of the Ancient History of the Western Sudan'


Flora Shaw's (alias Lady Flora Lugard) book is an extraordinary look at the history of Africa, which she gathered from countless sources, and one would imagine a great deal of it came from the British Library and from the archives of The Times of London, for whom she had for many years been the Foreign Political Correspondent. She had always been known to be an intensive researcher into her subject matter, and one wonders at the months and probably years she put into this undertaking, which became the reference work for so many future books on Africa. This book was first published 100 years ago showing with detail and descriptive power, the greatness that Africa once was. Lady Lugard argues that:

"When the history of Negroland comes to be written in detail, it may be found that the kingdoms lying towards the eastern end of Sudan (classical home of Ancient Ethiopians) were the home of races who inspired, rather than of races who received, the tradition of civilization associated for us with the name of ancient Egypt. For they cover on either side of the Upper Nile between the latitudes of ten degrees and seventeen degrees, territories in which are found monuments more ancient than the oldest Egyptian monuments. If this should prove to be the case and civilized world be forced to recognize in a black people the fount of its original enlightenment, it may happen that we shall have to revise entirely our view of the black races, and regard those who now exist as the decadent representatives of an almost forgotten era, rather than as the embryonic possibility of an era yet to come."

"The fame of the ancient Ethiopians (ancient Kushites) was widespread in ancient history. Herodotus described them as the most beautiful and long-lived of the human races, and before Herodotus, Homer, in even more flattering language, described them as the most just of men, the favorites of the gods. The annals of all the great early nations of Asia Minor are full of them. The Mosaic records allude to them frequently; but while they are described as the most powerful, the most just, and the most beautiful of the human race, they are constantly spoken of as Black, and there seems to be no other conclusion to be drawn than at that remote period of history, the leading race of the Western World was a Black race."

Lady Lugard/Flora Shaw Lugard, Asa G. Hilliard, III, A Tropical Dependency: An Outline of the Ancient History of the Western Sudan With an Account of the Modern Settlement of Northern Nigeria, (1900)


http://wysinger.homestead.com/blackegypt101.html

The question as to how black Africans eventually ''lost'' this knowledge can be traced to forced southward migrations caused by:

a) The desertification of the Sahara. A once lush, fertile region populated with cities and kingdoms, many of which lie buried under tonnes of desert sand. Upheavals caused by this forced movement of peoples brought strife and insecurity as the search for water and arable land created endless tensions between settler and settled communities in the interior of the continent.


b) More importantly, the ancient MIGRATIONS of Africans from the Nile Valley to regions further south which occurred over centuries were caused by foreign invasions of the Nile Valley - first the Hyksos (Assyrians). Then the Greeks. Then the Romans. And then finally the Arabs. Each conquest saw more African refugees heading SOUTH.

For thousands of years Africans had held their own against these foreign aggressors, and repelled them. But eventually they were toppled.

The migratory paths of these blacks are still seen today, skeletons still seen in the desert sands, of those who couldn't make it. Blacks fleeing enslavement and Jihad from foreign conquerors. The Masai of Kenya are looked upon with disdain and embarassment. But the Masai are worthy Africans. First class Africans whose illustrious ancestors fled to the hills, isolating themselves in preference to enslavement. The Masai have legends of a great and noble past, streaming through their folklore.

The Yoruba have legends of having fled the north - Egypt, following 'a great war'.

Was it the Greek invasion of Egypt by Alexander 'the great' in 332 BC?

Or was it the much later Arab invasion by General El Has in 633 AD?

They say they fled to protect their Ifa religion from extinction.

The Wolof, Bini, Ashanti et al, all point to the Nile Valley, as the land of beginnings, from whence they came.

In the years following these migrations, conflict with already settled communities in the newly settled lands was always an issue, as was competition for resourced arable lands with water.

The never ending Arab slave raids, and attacks from other fleeing groups looking for land and water, contributed to make life a game of Russian roulette - unsettled, insecure, unpredictable.

Life became for most Africans one long battle for survival.

Building sturdy houses and grand monuments became foolhardy.

What point doing that when your town or village could be raided, burnt down and sacked the following week?

People learnt they had to build small and live frugally so that not much is lost when time came to flee.

Writing and the higher arts and sciences were lost, or in most cases, came to be held only by a few initiated priests in each group, becoming increasingly couched in religious/occult symbolism.

Most of the ethnic groups we have today, if you inquire, lived in several different places in nearby regions before finally arriving at their current settlements. For several centuries the entire Africa South of the Sahara was in a state of flux.

What chance writing?

What chance the sciences?

What chance development?

Far more prudent to device survival methods against harsh climates and soils, suspicious 'enemy' neighbours, and slave raiders!!

Hitherto, in the Nile Valley, Igbos, Yorubas, Ashantis, Hausa etc all spoke a similar language, and were not divided.

The current multiplicity of ethnic groups and languages in Africa is a direct result of the ancient migrations which saw previously united groups splinter, as a survival strategy, into smaller groups who headed each in its own direction, often to meet up centuries later in West or Central Africa with their long lost brethren now speaking different languages /dialects.

Division and disunity ensued, as previous brothers began to see themselves as separate. 'Tribes' sharing similar cultural attributes came to see each other as ''strangers'', ''enemies'', with each guarding jealously their 'independence'.

The Europeans meanwhile, watched all this with glee, and saw a continent ripe for the taking. Its divisions having made it a perfect hunting ground for slaves and loot.

The Europeans saw the Africans had become so divided that they, the whites, could hire whole armies of blacks from one region to conquer/enslave another group of blacks in another region, and so on.

For them, slavery and colonisation became a cakewalk.

The rest is history.

wirinet:

False! When we are talking about Africa, we are talking about sub-Saharan Africa ; black African, not north Africa that had interactions with Europe and Asia stretching back centuries.
Sub Saharan Africa has always been the basket case of the world. We contribute little in terms of science, technology and even writing in human development.

Our main problem is our value system. We elevate vanity to a status symbol. We love to dance, sing, worship and sex more than any other higher endeavours. We did not and have not imbibed the culture of success through hard work like the Asians, or the culture of inquisitiveness through science like the Europeans.

This is why many of us are so sad that they've stopped teaching history in our schools.

Your points are complete trash.

First of all, NORTH AFRICA WAS BLACK during the time of the PHARAOHS. The builders of the great pyramids and temples of Egypt were BLACK AFRICANS. Their high development had ABSOLUTELY NOTHING to do with their ''interactions with Europe and Asia'', because it was THEM, the blacks, our ancestors, who TAUGHT Europe and Asia civilization.

Civilization meaning Mathematics, the Sciences, Philosophy, and Laws.

The French writer Constantin-François Volney (1757-1820), in his important work, The Ruins of Empires, writes that the Egyptians were the first people to "attain the physical and moral sciences necessary to civilized life." In referring to the basis of this achievement he states further that, "It was, then, on the borders of the Upper Nile, among a Black race of men, that was organized the complicated system of worship of the stars, considered in relation to the productions of the earth and the labors of agriculture; and this first worship, characterized by their adoration under their own forms and national attributes, was a simple proceeding of the human mind."

Volney's Ruins; or, Meditation on the Revolutions of Empires, Boston, J. Mendum, 1869.


Around 1785 French scholar Count Volney stated, "When I visited the Sphinx...on seeing that head, typically Negro in all its features, I remembered...Herodotus says: "...the Egyptians...are black with woolly hair"..."

''The Greek historian Herodotus, for example, described the Colchians of the Black Sea shores as "Egyptians by race" and pointed out they had "black skins and kinky hair."

Apollodorus, the Greek philosopher, described Egypt as "the country of the black-footed ones" and the Latin historian Ammianus Marcellinus said "the men of Egypt are mostly brown or black with a skinny desiccated look."

Diop also argued that the Egyptians themselves described their race as black and that there were close affinities between the ancient Egyptian tongue and the languages of Africa.''

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/3chapter5.shtml


MORE:

''Some of the most often quoted historians are Strabo, Diodorus Siculus, and Herodotus.

Herodotus states in a few passages that the Egyptians were black/dark. According to most translations, Herodotus states that a Greek oracle was known to be from Egypt because she was "black", that the natives of the Nile region are "black with heat", and that Egyptians were "black skinned with woolly hair".[43]

Lucian observes an Egyptian boy and notices that he is not merely black, but has thick lips.[42]

Diodorus Siculus mentioned that the Aethiopians considered the Egyptians a colony.[50]

Appollodorus, a Greek, calls Egypt the country of the black footed ones.[42]

Aeschylus, a Greek poet, wrote that Egyptian seamen had "black limbs."[51] Greeks sometimes referred to Egyptians as Aethiopians[52] – not to be confused with inhabitants of the modern-day nation of Ethiopia who were instead referred to as Abyssinians or Habesha and their land as Abyssinia.

Gaston Maspero states that "by the almost unanimous testimony of ancient [Greek] historians, they [ancient Egyptians] belonged to the African race, which settled in Ethiopia"'

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Egyptian_hypothesis


Egypt, the black African civilization which civilized the world, fell to foreign invaders a few years BC after nearly 4,000 years of world dominance. Blacks were forced to flee southwards to escape first the Greeks and Romans, and latter the Arab invaders, who came in around 700 AD.

Most ethnic groups in West Africa trace their ancestry to these ancient migrations from the Nile Valley, as well as from Israel and the Levant.

These places were home to millions of blacks in antiquity. The ancient Hebrews were blacks. They fled, mostly into Africa, after the fall of Jerusalem in 70 AD. The evidence for their being black is copious and undeniable, from pictorial/artefact evidence to confirmation by the bible. Amos 9:7 ''Are ye not as children of the Ethiopians unto me, O children of Israel? saith the LORD.''



Europe has only dominated for the last 300 years or so. They have a long way to go to even begin to compare to black Africa's lengthy reign.

vioment:




Just move around Nigeria and interact with people, to see if this Nigeria is truly conducive for them. A country wey be say on a daily basis every other day, embassies dey over filled with nigerians seeking appointments to enable them discharge from this hell hole. A country that practices hardcore tribalism on a daily basis; Abii u think say you wish nigeria well pass me? If we are to be truthful, Nigeria is the definition of stupid and foolish, once i hear these two words, i dey envision nigeria as the main example of the words.


All this one wey you dey do, na blind patriotism, i no dey for dat matter.

Is it not in this same Nigeria that your mates, even guys younger than you, are forming startups that are attracting millions of dollars of investment from sources all over the world?

Is it not in this same Nigeria that a trader, INNOSON, became the first black car manufacturing company on earth, churning out thousands of vehicles per annum, and now supplying the Nigerian airforce and army with vehicles and parts?

Is it not in this same Nigeria that fashion designers are drawing the attention of world celebrities, tending to order backlogs worth millions of dollars?

Is it not in this same Nigeria that people are making music that is slowly taking over the airwaves in hitherto impenetrable regions like the USA and Europe?

Making films that dominate the screens of all Africa and the Caribbean?

Is it not in this same Nigeria that somebody wrote novels, plays and poetry, of such quality as to win the Nobel Prize for Literature?

Stay there with your negative mind.

Don't realise that God put you here to help make it better.

advocate666:


Chai. See fake news.

It will be ''fake news'' to you since you're an uneducated, colonised dullard who has never set eyes on a history book in his entire useless life.

kalufelix:
They were created by God.

They are rational and logical in reasoning rather than religious and sentimental.

They think into the future and make long term grand standing plans.

They are the pioneers of the first world.

All the black man knows is dance and sex

Oh shut your ignorant trap, you stupid pig.

Humans have been around for over 50,000 years, but it was only in the last 200 years that the white man entered an industrial revolution which got their land developed. If they are the superior beings you claim they are, why only in the last 200 years did they develop? Why were they not advanced over the 49,800 years prior?

Where were they when Africans were inventing/discovering Writing, Mathematics, Medicine, Astrology, Laws, Religion, Mining, Architecture, the Arts, the Sciences, Trade, Seafaring, and Philosophy?

Why were they the poorest region on earth up till only a couple of centuries ago? Do you realise it was their mass poverty that led them to go around the world killing and looting and enslaving other more prosperous places, including Africa?

Do you realise that it was black African moors who rescued Europe from illiteracy and barbarism between the 11th century and 16th century, pulling them out of their Dark Ages and into their Renaissance?

Do you realise that Benin City had streetlights and underground drainage 300 years before any city in Europe?

As stated by the Guardian UK, ''With its mathematical layout and earthworks longer than the Great Wall of China, Benin City was one of the best planned cities in the world when London was a place of ‘thievery and murder’''

https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2016/mar/18/story-of-cities-5-benin-city-edo-nigeria-mighty-medieval-capital-lost-without-trace

People like you are babies. When asked to bathe they wash only their bellies. Likewise you cannot assess humanity beyond the present-day. Try to use your brain, and do some more research, particularly historical research, so you can give more intelligent responses to serious questions.

After all, your brain is not there for decoration.

vioment:




Story for the gods. Since dem born you until today, you dun see light for one month straight before? i no dey even talk about the high current and lo current tin wey dem dey do, even dat neva reach month straight.


Nigeria has chosen to be a clownish country and the world don't know what to do about it. They cannot depend on Nigeria for anything tangible even in Africa. Na only music and movies, and those ones sef dun dey use style lack creativity.

India (as dirty as it is), china, and singapore no be nigeria mate where levels dey. Dem be like city while nigeria be like village wey recently discover civilization.

Oh shut up... Negative minded buffoon. Your mates are creating solutions right here in Nigeria, and the country is growing by the day, even in technology, while all you know is negative garbage. Useless thing.

Italy has always been a very corrupt place. Maybe they bribed the judge.

BREAKING NEWS: AMERICA GROUNDS ALL BOEING 737 Max 8 Planes Till Further Notice

SO HERE WE HAVE THE US GOVT BANNING ITS OWN PLANES, YET THESE ANIMALS WHO CALL THEMSELVES NIGERIANS ARE ATTACKING THE NIGERIAN GOVT FOR BANNING THE PLANES.

TRULY, YOU PEOPLE ARE CURSED!!!

kennys:
you are a realist... Naija wey oyinbo for come colonize again , they talk about ban...

If we were still colonized, YOU would be a stark illiterate village peasant palm wine tapper, or hunter-gatherer cum farmer/spear chucker, just like your grandparents were under colonialism, because the colonialists did not build schools or unis. Brainless dunce with inferiority complex.

kotv:


Shut your mouth as if that useless government cares a bit about the people. How many citizens have they killed just this year alone? How many people did they kill because of an election? yet they are forming like they are progressive government that cares about it's citizen. Shut up! Follow follow government. Even this ban they won't implement it, the second bribe is sent to them, they'll lift it. Useless government.

You deserve the very worst because that is what you expect, so that is what you'll get. Law of attraction. Law of the universe. Keep hating yourself and country. Spit.

kingralph:
Wow. These findings will rock some cherished conceptions

Perhaps.

trexzee:

If they don't ban, it's you guys that will still complain

Don't mind the useless, cursed people. They will turn good to bad simply because Nigeria got involved, so they can criticise Nigeria. Hate-filled demons.

Imagine if Ghana had banned the 737 Max 8 before Nigeria did.

These same demons would come on here to pour abuse on Nigeria with the worlds, ''See? Ghana cares about her people! Our govt is useless!"

Fcking demons. You deserve every bad thing you get because you attract it with your negative mentality.

Afonjas:




You're mistaking me for your illiterate father

PEABRAIN

kotv:
This ban would be just on paper alone. Nigeria government forming like they are actually progressive. Keep quiet. Follow, follow. If we all them now t9 explain in details why they made this ban, I bet not one single person in that government can expect mentioning China did it.

Shut your fcking lips. The govt did the right thing by banning a questionable model till further notice. You are wearing shirt and trouser. Are you also ''follow follow'' or was it your father that designed shirts and trousers?

tajuh:
But there are molue planes far worst than the 737 still operating in our airport.

I have seen planes with worn out tires .

Worst still I walked on a tarmac to board a plane while planes were taking off

Brainless, which of those ''worst planes'' have had their models crash twice in the last 5 months as happened with the 737 max 8?

How does a layman novice like you get to judge what ''worn out tires'' look like on aeroplanes?

If a tarmac is large enough, what makes you think planes cannot take off while your block head is boarding a flight?

Afonjas:
NIGERIA THAT DOES NOT HAVE HER OWN AIRLINE IS BANNING BOEING 737 MAX PLANES FROM THEIR AIR SPACE BECAUSE CHINA DID.
THEY HAVE UPDATED THEIR SOFTWARE,

You are a brainless dunce. Does America ''have its own airline''?

You think every nation MUST have a national airline? Fcking illiterate.

Nations get by very well with privately owned airlines, and STILL manage to protect their interests by banning dangerous planes from their airspace.

But will inferiority complex and self-hate allow you and your wretched ilk to think straight?

DULLARD.

Ademidd:
I just tire for Nigerians. If they didn't respond, u guys will complain now that they've responded, u said its because of the rich...

Nigerians are HOPELESS. I don't know why you bother. I don't even know why the govt bothers, because the people are useless and hopeless.

Yankee101:
They have one of the worst flying records

Avoid that airline

Abeg. Cheap no mean safety


Noted this particular crash is seemingly manufacturer related.
Still, Ethiopian airlines has one of the worst flying records of major airlines
So caution is necessary

When was the last Ethiopian airlines plane crash, you f.u.cking BASTARD?

I can tell you when. 2010.

Before that? 1996.

How does that translate to ''one of the worst flying records''?

ANIMAL.

McCoy662:
people like you are the only reason why the whites call us monkeys. you have eyes but u can't see.
I just pity your life cos u have been brainwashed beyond redemption that is why u have refused to analyze whatever you hear him say or do, instead u follow sheepishly.
please tell him we are tired of hearing"I foresaw" tell him to always tell us what to do to avert the incidents.
like u don't know he's always predicting events, if it happens the way he said, zombies like u will be more frantic in licking his ass, and if the reverse happen, you come here to give us excuse

Shut up, ignorant self-hater. ''The whites'' call you ''monkeys'' because they were brainwashed by their elite at the height of the slave trade into regarding the enslaved Africans as inferior beings in order to justify the barbaric treatment of the said Africans, which is what gave rise to the phenomenon of racism. Ok? It has nothing to do with you or your supposed shortcomings. Now get rid of your inferiority complex and quit polluting the thread with ignorance.

ednited:





I think they are using white skin today to brainwash black community. They have succeeded some how

In today's world with so much information freely available, you can only be brainwashed if you allow yourself to be.

Many people actually want to, and enjoy being lied to and deceived. That's why many will read these facts as presented, and still go ahead to worship their white man as their 'saviour'.

1Sharon:


Do you believe in the bible?

What do you mean by believe ''IN''?

The whitening began at the height of the trans-Atlantic slave trade in the late 17th century. The white slaving elite couldn't justify to their people the treating of 'God's chosen people' like animals and chattel. So they created the phenomenon of racism, a quack theory that the darker races were inferior to them. Such a philiosophy could not accommodate a black Jesus and Mary, and the portrayal of the ancient Hebrews as black people. So the whitewashng of history began.