₦airaland Forum

I think it's a lack of funding that's probably the issue here.

jantavanta: Photographic Technology began long before 1820 before it was released to the general public as a discovery.

Get serious. Who do you expect to believe these silly claims?

Ejiné: PhysicsQED = FStranger

I know it because my team of detectives have cracked the case.

You've got to be kidding.

Go through all of fstranger's posts in his various monikers and then rethink this claim.

Odenigbo Aroli: However, Nri developed a very influencial socio-religious kingdom whose hegemony spread all over Igbo land,Igala land and Bini land but I dont expect you to know this because you are a dunce.

Agbotaen is a Bini of Ika extraction hence he has no connection with the original and bonafide owner of Ikaland which are the Nri who settled into the land first and established a culture that even the Binis shared from.

Look, I understand why you would want to counter this guy's claims, but in the process of doing so, stop repeating dumb claims by pseudo-scholars and trying to pass them off as reasonable. It's annoying. Edo (Bini) people don't have any part in this debate over what Ika decide to identify as since those who are Bini know themselves and those who don't know whether they are Bini or not are not Bini.

The opening post is a bit funny just because of how unnecessary all the insults in it were.

If this is actually true . . . .

Deep Sight: If any thought system suggests nothing about ORIGIN yes, i would say it is somewhat - - - philosophically worthless.

Why?

If its moral effect on the society is positive, and it is positive in other ways (maybe intellectually or in bringing families and communities closer together), it's still worthless?

Suffering is a part of our human existence.

Because?

Their real error is materialism: man, in fact, is not merely the product of economic conditions, and it is not possible to redeem him purely from the outside by creating a favourable economic environment. Indeed, the kingdom of good will never be definitively established in this world. Anyone who promises a better world, guaranteed to last forever, is making a false promise; he is overlooking human freedom.

The security we all need as a presupposition of our freedom and dignity can only come from the moral strength of man – not structures – and where this is lacking or insufficient, the power man has will be transformed more and more into a power of destruction. Man, ultimately, is not redeemed by science but by love. In this sense, it is true that anyone who does not know God, even though he may entertain all kinds of hopes, is ultimately without hope. The new moralism of the atheist uses terms like progress, freedom, liberty, equality, justice and peace. But these concepts are decidedly vague and largely confined to party politics where they are open to all kinds of abuse.

Atheism is incapable of saving man for it is essentially a materialist ideology that reduces man to a mere machine. When man is nothing more than a product he becomes subject to the control of man. Imperfect individuals must then be weeded out; the path of planning and production must aim at the perfect man. Suffering must disappear, and life is to consist of pleasure alone. In the final analysis atheism encourages consumerism, selfishness, power, and pleasure-seeking – denigrating the importance of faith and scoffing at the “absurdity of thinking about God.”

But if the society's cultural norms oppose all those things, will the society still become only about selfishness and power?

I think this applies only to groups whose entire cultural mores are rooted in a God-based religion. I think the Chinese (1/6th of the world), for example, could all become atheist and still avoid all these problems listed by the author just by adhering seriously to Confucianism.

On a global scale one can also add to this list: the inequality in the distribution of goods, the depletion of the earth’s resources, and the increase in poverty, famine, and illness.

Atheism is the cause of poverty, famine, and illness?

A world, which seeks to create its own justice purely through human reason, the very existence and origin of which the atheists cannot explain, is a world without hope. No one and nothing can guarantee that the cynicism of power, whatever beguiling ideological mask it adopts, will cease to dominate the world.

So if a religion doesn't explain the origin of the world and the origin of existence it contributes to building a world without hope?

Deep Sight: The atheist’s claim, however, that humanity can do, and must do, what God cannot is both presumptuous and intrinsically false. Indeed, this idea has led to widespread cruelty and the violation of justice. We have seen the contemporary results: nihilistic yet impeccably democratic legislation that repudiates life itself! I am thinking here of existing, enacted, and pending articles of legislation that legalise the use of various drugs, the practices of prostitution, contraception, homosexuality, same-sex marriage, abortion, euthanasia, cloning, in-vitro fertilization, and the hollowing-out of human dignity through genetic manipulation, human trafficking, and other new forms of slavery.

Does anyone really seriously believe these things in bold are bad?

Edited: bad --> bold

SmoothCrim2015: You are an UGLY Bakassi man who is as insignificant as an ant!!!

lol, what a recycled comeback.

SmoothCrim2015: And I would have decisively defeated all of you!

And gained what?

An internet crown?

Even when one is king of the trolls, one is still a troll - ugly and living under a bridge somewhere.

SmoothCrim2015: We would have invaded Nigeria and renamed the country NEPA-Bakassi state of Gold Coast.

Rhino.5dm:
We would have toss the carcass of his hungry looking body into Atlantic ocean. ashes to ashes, dust to dust.

Invade that glorify village called Gayna should any of the evolving apes questioned his death . . . .is it my fault that they allow their president stay without food?

^^^^^

Yeah. If he had died in Nigeria, a minor internet war would have occurred.

publisher: Was Attah Mills coming over to 'beg' Jonathan? Considering the subtle diplomatic strains & rivalry both nations are tackling bothering on the eviction and closure of some Nigeria businesses in Ghana.

This makes no sense.

If he came to talk about the closure of Nigerian businesses, he came to talk about the closure of businesses, period - probably to explain why it had to be done. I don't see how that would be "begging."

What if the late Ghanaian president actually made his Nigerian trip and slumped into his death,perhaps inside Aso rock, what would have happened?

This is actually an interesting question. Probably some people - Ghanian, Nigerian, and others - would have blamed the death on Nigeria's bad luck or claimed it was due to Goodluck Jonathan's bad luck. Some people would eventually have found a way to use it to prove that GEJ was incompetent.

mkmyers45: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photography

Do you understand what you posted?

By 1820, King George III would have been a 60 year old man, not the youthful to early middle aged (black) person shown in that picture.

By 1822, King George would have been dead.

This jantavanta guy is a joker. Not every black person in Europe at all times was a servant or a slave, but that's a far cry from the stuff he's trying to pass off as credible.

A passage in the great enclosure (might be the same as the one above)

https://images.travelpod.com/tw_slides/ta00/9b3/8ce/passage-in-great-zimbabwe-enclosure-zimbabwe.jpg

"Great Enclosure" entrance (one of them)

[img]http://dudewereinafrica.files./2012/01/great-zimbabwe-1-of-6.jpg[/img]

[img]http://www.cs.indiana.edu/%7Etloos/Africa/GZEntrance.jpg[/img]

[img]http://content.lib.washington.edu/cgi-bin/showfile.exe?CISOROOT=/buildings&CISOPTR=5866[/img]

https://www.paulandkimberly.com/trips/Zimbabwe/Great_Zimbabwe/great_zim_txt.gif

https://www.paulandkimberly.com/trips/Zimbabwe/Great_Zimbabwe/great_zim_map.gif

https://www.paulandkimberly.com/trips/Zimbabwe/Great_Zimbabwe/paul_wall.jpg

(For some perspective)

https://www.paulandkimberly.com/trips/Zimbabwe/Great_Zimbabwe/enclosure_corridor.jpg

THE FIVE BASIC HISTORICAL QUESTIONS (5 BHQs) ON GREAT ZIMBABWE

The five Basic Historical Questions (5 BHQs) are a fundamental set of questions that should be used to summarize and analyze a culture or civilization. The answers to these questions put the civilization in historical context and this gives our research structure and meaning.

1. Whe­n Did the Civilization Begin (Time Period)?

The civilization of Great Zimbabwe reached its zenith from 1100–1450 AD, although local Shona-speaking farmers had settled in present-day Zimbabwe nearly a thousand years earlier.

2. Where Was the Civilization Located?

The location of Great Zimbabwe is in south central Africa, in current-day Zimbabwe, between the Zambezi (north) and Limpopo (south) rivers. The Great Zimbabwe site is situated on a high plateau, mostly over 1000 m. (3,250 ft.)

3. Why is the Civilization Important?

The Great Zimbabwe civilization is important for several reasons:

-The Zimbabwe site, featuring the Great Enclosure wall, is one of the most astounding regions with monuments in Africa, second only to the Nile Valley pyramid region.

-The ancient plan of Great Zimbabwe is in two parts: the hill complex and the valley complexes. The hill complex is where the king kept many of his treasures. Although he lived in the Imba Huru (or Great Enclosure) in the valley, he spent considerable ritual time on the hill. Several important enclosures exist within the hill complex. The principles ones are the ritual enclosure, the smelting enclosure and the iron-keeping enclosure.

-The valley complexes are dominated by the Imba Huru. The height of the main wall of the Imba Huru is about 32 feet, it is 800 feet long, and utilizes an amazing 15,000 tons of granite blocks. The impressive blocks were constructed without mortar. The building of this complex took skill, determination and industry, and thus the Imba Huru demonstrates a high level of administrative and social achievement by bringing together stone masons and other workers on a grand scale.

-The extensive trading network made Great Zimbabwe one of the most significant trading regions during the Medieval period. The main trading items were gold, iron, copper, tin, cattle, and also cowrie shells. Imported items included glassware from Syria, a minted coin from Kilwa, Tanzania, and Persian & Chinese ceramics from the 13-14th centuries.

-Great Zimbabwe was an important commercial and political center. In addition to being in the heart of an extensive commercial and trading network, the site was the center of a powerful political kingdom, which was under a central ruler for about 350 years (1100–1450 AD). The site is estimated to have contained perhaps 18,000 inhabitants, making it one of the largest cities of its day. The conclusion is inescapable that Great Zimbabwe had a condensed population sufficient for it to be considered a town, or even a city. However, many Western writers have attempted to reduce the significance of Great Zimbabwe by several methods: by estimating low population numbers (e.g. only 5,000 instead of 18,000 inhabitants); calling the dwellings “huts” instead of homes; calling the areas “villages” instead of towns or cities; and identifying the rulers as “chiefs’ instead of kings. These writers are well aware that smallness means less significance.

4. How Did the Civilization Begin?

The Great Zimbabwe site was settled around 350 AD by Shona-speaking farmers, who migrated into this elevated plateau region to avoid the tsetse flies, which can kill both people and cattle by causing “sleeping sickness.” The disease trypanosomiasis, or more commonly sleeping sickness, is transmitted by the various species of tsetse flies, which transmit the disease through their saliva. The Great Zimbabwe site was a safe haven high enough to avoid the flies, and this allowed the Shona-speaking migrants to farm and raise their cattle. Eventually, developments led to the formation of the Great Zimbabwe state at the end of the 11th century. Two general theories (technological innovations and intensified trading activities) have been advanced to explain the rise of the Zimbabwe state.

5. How Did the Civilization Decline?

Great Zimbabwe declined and was abandoned around 1450 AD for unknown reasons. The migrants left Zimbabwe and founded the northern kingdom of Monomotapa and other successor states. There has been much speculation about Zimbabwe’s decline as theories of its fall have ranged from over-farming, the population depleting the land resources, a drastic weather change, and a decline in the important gold trade. Further research will have to provide more information on this question.

Much of the wealth which remained at Great Zimbabwe was removed through the centuries by European explorers, treasure hunters, souvenir seekers, and plunderers such as Richard Hall. The site is but a shell of what it once was, as the artifacts were vandalized by these European groups and destroyed or hauled away by them and eventually sent to various museums throughout Europe, America, and South Africa. Today, there are about 20,000 tourists who visit the site each year and they continue to cause additional damage to the ruins, as these tourists climb the walls for thrills and to find souvenirs.

http://libtv.com/Manu/zimbabwe.htm

The "Hill Complex" area of Great Zimbabwe:

https://www.kevinandmichelle.co.uk/trip_11b/images/great_zimbabwe_03.jpg

https://farm1.staticflickr.com/163/430043814_06f3d2f4ac_z.jpg?zz=1

https://farm7.staticflickr.com/6225/6261963059_d509160f13_z.jpg

View from the Hill Complex:

https://www.paulandkimberly.com/trips/Zimbabwe/Great_Zimbabwe/hill_complex.jpg