₦airaland Forum

ChinenyeN:
Abagworo is actually stating things correctly. Added to, Igbo Nkwo is part of the older diverse group of pre-existing communities in the area before the Eri migration. It's baffling how Nri people are so quick to claim the artifacts without any metallurgy tradition.

And if I remember correctly, there is some admittance by Umunri that Eri or Nri was given gifts as payment for his ritual cleansing. Among them were metal works. No traditions of creating any metallurgy institutions.

Reasonable evidence points to already established metallurgy prior to the Eri migration into the area.

yes o..... I somehow knew Igbo origins is not necessarily what we hear now about NRI, Igbo history remains a mystery.

basilo101:
Lol, wake me up when ohaneze becomes oraneze. Anambra dialect my foot.

wow, you got him there.

ChinenyeN:
You are talking about something different from what I was discussing.

OK. I get it.
that's why I said there is a lot about NRI than meets the eye.

onuebonyi:
Shut up, i agree with her on this one. I have told you that you people from dead Abia state shouldn't be talking in public.

Why do you care more about Nri which is by the way not related to your dead Abia state?

Inferiority complex gbuo gi there.

its wasteful flogging a dead horse. good riddance.

onuebonyi:
Thanks for clearing this up. These inferior wawa illiterates are just naturally inferior and nauseating.

why won't you agree more without even questioning him?

inferiority won't kill you one day. oga'e gbu gi n'otu ubochi

ChinenyeN:
That Nri is in fact and Anambra pronunciation. The /r/ is part of the /r/s/sh/h/ shift and not part of the /r/l/ shift.

In the /r/s/sh/h/ shift, /r/ is archetypal 'Anambra'.

The Imo, Abia, Delta, Enugu equivalents for Nri would be Nshi, Nhi, or Nsi.

that's wrong sir.

/r/ and /sh/ are consonants that goes more with imo while /l/ and /s/ goes more with omambala.

imo /sh/ is not connected to /r/ pronunciation. they are exclusive to each other.

ChinenyeN:
From my own experience, Maduewesi is a typical Nri supremacist. He believes in a centralized origin of both Igbo culture and ancestral descent, heralding from Nri and has (on several occasions of my dealing with him) ignored or contorted some southern Igbo oral traditions to push his points on many of his Facebook posts. If indeed Maduewesi has shared something truthful, then he has shared something truthful, but as a standard, I would discourage anyone from quoting him seriously.

Don't mind him.... he is not alone in his NRI supremacist mindset anyway.
a lot of anambarians do that because they make NRI synonymous to omambala.

NRI is. not exclusive to anammbra. and Aro is not exclusive to abia, but people loosely connect them as such.

the "r" in nri pronunciation sounds more imo/abia/afikpo than anambra/Enugu/abakaliki.
if you notice, anambaRa is in spelling only, it is actually pronounced omambaLa.

anybody using NRI/anambra narrative only to define Igbo history is culturally naive.

Igbo origins is enmeshed in mystery.

hammer6F:
Of course..

I recently met a man from Benin who seems to claim Anioma people and was telling me how they can see onitsha from Edo state.


He wanted to claim onitsha too but met resistance at my hands.

Then he moved to Delta state as a whole.

The reason why i am saying this is becos, we have part of Igbo land now in Benue, Cross River, Edo.

They will keep cutting until AWKA will remain the only Igbo land left.

We need to stop defensive approach and start attacking.

Nice one.

For me, I won't settle for a shrinky igboland. We are expansionists and minorities will NEVER beat us to it. We shall expand igboland either through politics or through commerce.

Igbos slaves bought their freedom in the past (eg king jaja, olaudah equiano, etc). We bought lands in the past to expand our territory through mutually and legally transacted boundary adjustments. We owned businesses to become stake holders in our host communities outside igboland.....

We are expansionists NOT isolationists.

Sprumbabafather:
"When you go to Rome, behave like the Romans" is a popular saying, and until the Igbos of Nigeria understand how to behave like their neighbours, how to play the Nigerian brand of politics, they cannot dominate the political space like they have done in other fields. The Igbos are a very ambitious, very talented and industrious set of people who have proven to themselves how efficient their positive drive can be. 

But Nigerian politics is dirty, filled with the scums of society rather than the best of achievers. That is why the Igbos need to change their tactics. The most popular attraction to Nigerian politics is not a desire to solve societal problems, but a way to worsen it, as long as you benefit from the chaos, while you drop crumbs to your cronies who help you loot. Nigeria is practising lootocracy as a system of government.

It will be better if the Igbos throw reason out of the window and start voting with their greed, rather than rational reasoning. Afterall, every other person does it. 

For the love of Mike, how did the Igbos end up voting a better and more educated Jonathan, rather than a Buahri who we all know is no good. The best thing was for the Igbos to abandon Jonathan when it seems clear he will lose, jump into the doomed wagon of Buahri and vote like all the other mad men. And if the governors of the SE are all PDP, they can hold a meeting and change to APC overnight, all five states!

We should play amala and ewedu politics, jump onto the bandwagon and scream sai baba so loud that the original chanters will be afraid, and drop their microphones for us to take over, arrive APC meeting before others and flow with the tide, even if the tide is sweeping the whole country into the sea, don't worry, we won't die first. 

We should start praising all the mistakes of APC, tell them they are the best and massage their bloated ego till the whole country falls into where its destined to fall into. Igbos should await the next election with greed in their eyes, vote for the worst candidates, as long as you think he will win, damn the consequences, and if the shiitt hits the ceiling fan, don't bother to duck. We cannot lose more than others.

Remember, "When you go to Rome, behave like the Romans"

Beautiful sarcasm! I love this!

basilo101:
Gbam. Igbos have created a uniform political consciousness in SE, SS and most part on NC. Kanu almost ruined it though

Pls leave KANU out of your analysis. Because if your political leaders were not naive, an Nnamdi KANU wouldn't have surfaced at the first place.

Kanu's job was to shake the table and create the awareness of the need for a referendum. He was doing quite fine until the same lacklustre political elite sold him off to arewa soldiers.

His job was to LEAD a daring and dangerous crusade against the political status quo against the country's political elite coming from all ethnic divides (Igbo inclusive). Nwoke ka-obu...

KANU himself said while he fights for a referendum at one end, ohaneze can lobby for restructuring at the end so that Igbo won't be taken for granted. IPOB was the pressure group pushing Nigeria into restructuring. But no, too much envy, hate and greed made this same Igbo politicians rise against them.

Indeed, ndigbo are the naivete of today's politics. We had better sit up and rise to the occasion rather than relegating ourselves to armchair criticism.

PabloAfricanus:
Such ignorance.
The Aros were traders and slavers, hardly a euphemism for anything hegemonic.
You're ignorant about the Nris, as your reply clearly shows.

The British installed warrant chiefs for Igbo's, as there was no known or visible leadership structure they could use to administer Igbo land. Is that not a fact?
Maybe you are not aware there were no kingdoms or monarchies in Igbo land?
The Aros operated mostly among the Southern Igbo clans and didn't have the spread or reach to be considered an expansionist force.

Nsibidi was not Igbo and was never used by the Igbo's as a system of writing, if you have any precolonial documents written in Nsibidi, I'd be glad to see them.

The British met existing bureaucracies, courts, armies and dynasties when they arrived in Oyo, Bini and Fulani territories. Just read up on indirect rule OK?

I understand your ethnic pride is at stake, but historical facts cannot be changed.
You need to go back and study your history, you came off sounding ignorant.

I want to believe you are teachable despite your ignorance . Quit trying to save face.

Aro confederacy controlled the southern minorities and parts of Cameroon at the height of their power.

Nsibidi an ancient writing system, often believed to have started in ejagham by the ejagham people in cross river only because of the findings of many nsibidi scripts there, was also used by the Igbo, Ibibio and efik people. A simple Google will cure your obvious ignorance.

British knew about obi of Onitsha , eze-aro of arochukwu, Igbo and obong chiefdoms and so on, yet they IMPOSED WARRANT CHIEFS on Igbo because the Igbo political system confounded them. They didn't want that. They wanted a system they can easily relate to and manipulate.



I can clearly see that you know nothing about Igbo culture and philosophy. There is nothing more self-destructing as HALF-TRUTHS. Sit down and learn.

Curlieweed:
The guy is stubbornly ignorant. Imagine talking about using a cavalry in the tropical rain forest. He’s comparing the Aro with Ijebu that were defeated all in one afternoon. I tire for the guy. I can’t even bring my self to discount most of the ignorant crap he posted. I’ll just ignore the clown henceforth.

I am ready for the guy any day. His ignorance is garnished with grammar.

PabloAfricanus:
Lol the point went direct over your head didn't it?
Ok, I agree. Fulani bad, Igbo good.
Fulani grab land, steal land, shed blood, kill people, very bad.
Igbo no grab land, no steal land, no shed blood, no kill people, very good.
Just like I told you earlier, you lack the historical background to think through this.

Consider these.

The Igbos had no kindgom, empire or organized political system. Just like you noted, they only had hamlets and clans.
That means the Igbos never played power politics, state politics nor court politics with ANY of the minorities in the south.
They simply do not have that kind of relationship with Igbos either as a clan or as a political unit. At best, what some minorities dealt with were prominent Igbo clans like Aros.

When the Nigerian state forced both Igbos and the minorities to modernize, thereby forming political entities from previously autonomous clans and hamlets, the Igbos still never had a historical relationship of diplomacy or political engagements with these minorities. To them, Igbos were the closest clans who spoke Igbo and that was that.

Your mistake is in comparing Igbos to Fulanis and drawing parallels from it. How naive. Fulanis are not in the same class as Igbos. Military wise, politics wise and cultural wise, Fulanis have evolved more advanced structures than Igbos. Take court politics for example, as an Igbo you'd be forgiven for not being able to relate to the idea of a Gwandu court sending ambassadors to a Bini court, Oyo court or Kanem court.
That is how states, kingdoms and empires evolved to engage each other. Diplomacy is a fundamental part of the engagement, or that failing military engagement.

Igbos on the other hand, have no political interface, platform, system or culture to effectively engage with Ijaws, Ikwerres, Efiks, Ibibios, Kalabaris, Ogojas, Uhrobos, Idomas, Binis and other ethnic groups.

The British had to install warrant chiefs for them.
The only Igbo speaking clans with organized leadership were Bini influenced ones like Aboh, Onitsha, Ikas and the Aros. The larger Igbo peoples were a stateless people. These are historical facts.

If Igbos have to engage successfully with other minorities or with other big players in the country, they need to be able to build political institutions that can interface with them.
Igbos cannot use the force of arms, as they never conquered anyone and none of their neighbors can relate to an Igbo army or invading force.
They cannot use threats of colonization as that is equally strange to their neighbors who find such talk very funny.
They also cannot appeal to historical sentiments like intermarriage, as group sentiments will override that just like the case of the Ijaws and Ikwerres.

Replace Igbos with Bini, Yoruba or Fulani and you see a different picture emerges.
The Oba of Bini can dispatch court officials to Ekiti, Itshekiri, Lagos, Ife, Oyo, Igalla, Nupe, Ijebu, Iselle Uku and effectively communicate what the Bini policy on any issue is.
The Ooni or Alaafin can send chiefs to Gwandu, Ilorin, Bini, Ashanti or Dahome courts and state in clear terms what the Yoruba policy on say the price of garri is.
If it has to come to a show of force when diplomatic overtures fail, an army can be raised to enforce compliance like in precolonial times.

Igbos do not have such political systems or structures, just individuals migrating and trading.
Igbos need to learn how effectively interact in a modern political setup. This gives other ethnic groups a handle to effectively engage with.

wheeew, another history lesson.
Hopefully you can make sense of it.
Thank me later.

Dude, am sorry to say this, you are ignorant and dubious.

REPUBLICANISM - The structure nations works with today has always been part of Igbo culture.

If it confuses you then seek for education.

Igbo politics was decentralized yet held together by a common cultural creed. Eze aro confederated with many clans thus giving rise to the ARO CONFEDERACY.

Aro confederacy controlled many territories within and beyond igboland. They also had a diplomatic cum judicial structure.

They used NSIBIDI as their writing system. They wrote with on trees, clothes, houses, open skin, etc.

Their trade just like the Fulani and Yoruba to the western world and middle east included SLAVERY. Palm oil was also a major cash crop in aro confederacy.

They had a structure which is today being lauded by anthropologists and researchers.

The British who practiced monarchy could easily relate to the Fulani and Yoruba mornachial structure, but not igboland. Why? Because they (British) were not Republicans. So stop regurgitating ignorance here.

Nri dealt more with socio-religious duties of alaigbo. Aro did that too, but concentrated more on expansionism through commerce.

Enough of your half-truths.

Bede2u:
Fools just dey embarrass us here blissfuly. Re-writing our history in our own thread

Don't mind them. Always thinking they are right.

Nothing no matter persuasive their words are will change my age-long notion about igboland.

Chiwude:
I saw his mission and called his bluff. He is a non-Igbo and is mission here is DOA.

Let me see how you want to de-igbo me as well.

Onye ara. Fake monikers causing disunity in igboland.

Bede2u:
the chinyere guy just dey embarrass us here. Wat does he think 'Aro confederacy' meant. He probably thought it meant aru conference where ppl come and fart

Thank you nwanne. Some people will just come and pour empty grammar in a sick effort to redraw igboland.

They think they know much history and so should be followed sheepishly.

They almost made us lose anioma people with their nonsense talk of those guys not being Igbo. I remember those times. Delta Igbo were against the larger Igbo because of these same "they-are-not-igbo" talk. Whose fault? The i-t-ks whose stupid pride won't allow them have foresight.



Now they are moving down south because they are bitter about a group's reluctance in identifying with them.

pazienza:
You are not Igbo.

I have a policy of not replying non Igbos here , to avoid derailing this thread . I just noticed what you are up for is to derail this thread. You are henceforth, ignored. You wouldn't get any reply from me again.

Je gbu onweghi...

Impostor. Agent of division.

Port Harcourt bu alaigbo.....

Mr. I-too-know

Learn ..... Learn o......pazienza

GeoPOLITICALLY, only the 5 southeast states are "Igbo" states

But CULTURALLY, it transcends to Delta, and river states.

pazienza:
Load of nonsense.
Keep blowing your little cover.

Nke-ahu gbasara gi.

Onto the next one....

pazienza:
Igbos are not allowed to purchase lands in Omoku. Many Igbos are the entire Rivers state urbanship as PH.

I can't get tired of stating the fact. It's you who for whatever agenda you have, Maybe to prevent Ndiigbo from looking inwards and developing our homeland, that keep pushing the falsehood of Ph being Igboland.
Even colonial documents have been provided here showing Ijaw and Ikwerre owners of the land, yet you wouldn't stop.
Better stop it already.

I stood with you with regards to AIIA at Enugu, but I didn't know that your true intention was to downplay PH as alaigbo.

Igwuocha bu alaigbo. I will sing it to your stubborn ears na ubochi ni-ile. Lol.....

pazienza:
Another heap of thrash.

Nothing like culturally or politically Igbo.
You are either Igbo or you are not.

Infact. The Way you are dragging this issue. I'm beginning to question your true motives here .
Remember I had earlier surmised that you aren't Igbo.
All you have done so far is confirm my suspicions.

See how Bede2u had let it go, but you wouldn't.

Whatever you think is your damn business.

ASABA, OBIGBO, ETC, ISNT "IGBO" GEOPOLITICALLY, THEY ARE CLASSIFIED SOUTH-SOUTH IN NUGERIA'S POLITICS. That's why you can't call delta or river states as Igbo states.

OHANEZE IS PRIMARILY SE, BUT ALSO HAVE SS EXTENSIONS.



HOWEVER, TGEY ARE ALL NDIGBO BY CULTURE AND TRADITION.

pazienza:
Enyia. Jee dono Odu.

Ph, is not Alaigbo. It's Ikwerre-Ijaw land. Stop spreading baseless falsehood here.

Igbos purchase lands even in Sokoto, what does that have to do with anything?

Your friend said Igbo are not allowed to purchase land in portharcout. That's a lie.

You will soon get tired with your port-harcourt-not-igbo falsehood

pazienza:
Why not. You lots out of your emotional attachments to Igbophobic entities, had degraded the Igbo tag. Any opportunist can always acquire an Igbo name and come and tell us they are Igbo, all in bid to shortchange, use and dump us.
You and your ilks are to blame for this.
Atiku must be fancying his chance of becoming an "election period" Igbo, remember they have told us here that we have Cultural Igbos and political Igbos. And then Cultural Igbos who are not political Igbos.
You lots have created opportunity were impostors can easily exploit us. I had already seen a picture where Atiku was addressed as Atiku Ekpereamaka Ikechukwu and other funny names. Soon Atiku would land to Igboland on Isiagu and one of those hungry warrant chiefs turned Eze/Igwe would give him one useless Igbo title. And voila, Atiku becomes Igbo.

Ife Ndiozo melu Igbo ajoka, mana ife Igbo melu onwe ha,ka njo.

SE state only is political Igbo in Nigeria of today. Asaba, agbor, kwale, obigbo, ikwerre is SS politically, not SE.

SE and some SS communities are ALL culturally Igbo.

InyinyaAgbaOku:
Some of you embarrass me sometimes.

Sb said he isn't Igbo and came here to insult you, yet you gave him 3 pages of attention to rant, in the name of arguments?
SMH. I mean that Pablo whatever.

And this guy that keeps saying, I will accept Ikwerre that are Igbo and leave the ones who aren't. Are you listening to yourself?
Why does the ball have to be in Ikwerres' court, to decide to be Igbo and when to be Igbo? It's not your job to do acceptance, you are the majority group for God's sake.
So, if an Ikwerre decide to be Igbo today, I should accept. If he says he isn't tomorrow, I will leave him.
If he turns to say he is Igbo again, I accept him.
Jokers.
Igbo people are now house helps that depend on the mood of their masters to determine whether sth good will come to them or not. IPOB Biafra will only make Igbos perpetual ' placaters' of Ikwerre people, so that they won't leave .
And one will think that the people that will be using us to play ludo are better people
o, but no. It's actually Ikwerre people whose highest human achievement alive is Tonto Dike.

I see lack of esteem and pride playing out.
You can never have an Ikwerre friend, who is Igbo. An Ikwerre can accept to be Igbo instantly to enjoy your friendship, back home, he is not selling land to Igbo till hunger sets in.

Once again, jokers.

To respond to you is like trying to do you a favor.

That said, only ikwerre who have been consistent within and in the open about their igboness are the ones to be embraced.... Nobody is stupid enough to be toyed with. You don't know these ones. I have seen them.

Till tomorrow Igbo still purchase land in ikwerreland. Enough of repeating this issue. Igwuocha bu alaigbo. Stick to your opinion, let me stick to mine.

By the way, this pride you talk about is in your pocket. Nobody needs it.

I won't change my stance. END THIS MATTER O....

hammer6F:
We will use SS people like Cjrane, NnamdiJonathan, ChinenyeN, Aniomafirstson, Ikenna as willing tools.


We are already in and then the plan commence.

ChinenyeN si na-obu onye ngwa.

NonsoWow:
Wawa and abakaliki people don't bear Okeke. It is a name exclusive to Anambra indigenes. Go figure.

Are you high or something? Stop this nonsense. How old are you sef? That statement you made, even a teenager won't utter such.

NonsoWow:
Okeke is a popular Anambra name. Dude must be from Anambra. We lead, others follow.

Who leads? Lol.....

WAEC - abia overtook you

NNPC Science Competition - Enugu dusted you.

Xander85:
Gowon, Abdulsalami Applaud NNPC as Enugu Emerges Champion of 2018 National Science Quiz Competition



Encomiums and wide-acclaim came the way of the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) on Tuesday as the curtains fell on the 16th edition of the NNPC National Science Quiz Competition with Enugu State representative, Master Okeke Tony Kabilan, carting away the coveted prize.

The grand finale of the quiz competition, which is the Corporation’s most significant Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiative, was graced by two former Heads of State, Gen. Yakubu Gowon (Retd.) and Gen. Abdulsalami Abubakar (Retd.), who applauded the Corporation for foetering educational development and national unity through the competition.

After a round-robin question and answer session featuring 18 participating state finalists drawn from each of the six geo-political zones, the Enugu State champion finished tops with 75 points while Ogun State representative, Master Igban Emmanuel, clinched the second position by whiskers with 65 points after winning a pulsating tie break with Master Alikah Joseph Ehiagwina of Edo State.

Gen. Gowon, who was chairman of the occasion, commended the Corporation for organizing a shining example of CSR initiative which, according to him, had witnessed massive innovations and improvement through the years.

The former Head of State applauded the Corporation for increasing the scholarship sum from N100, 000 to N300, 000, stressing that the move was a soothing balm for the winners in the face of rising cost of quality education.

He also thanked the management of NNPC for the introduction of N100,000 educational grant to all winners at the state level.

Special Guest of Honour, Gen. Abubakar, in his remarks commended the Corporation for its unflinching commitment to the growth and sustenance of qualitative indigenous manpower across all tiers of the hydrocarbon value chain.

Gen. Abubakar said NNPC’s record in championing the Nigerian content initiative in the oil and gas industry was a noble and patriotic step, noting that the essential philosophy behind the National Science Quiz Competition was to ensure that the production line of highly skilled labour remained intact and prolific.

Minister of State for Petroleum Resources, Dr. Ibe Kachikwu, in his address expressed satisfaction with the NNPC Management for sustaining the annual national science quiz contest and urged the NNPC to consider extending same gesture to students in the arts and social sciences.

Chief host of the event and Group Managing Director of the NNPC, Dr. Maikanti Baru, said NNPC Management would continue to build on the landmark achievements of the competition in the years ahead.

Dr. Baru pledged that the Corporation would ensure the test administration met international standards given the existing collaboration already established with the West African Examinations Council (WAEC), the Junior Engineering Technical Society (JETS) as well as the Science Teachers’ Association of Nigeria (STAN), which were rubbing off positively on the status of the initiative.

He noted that quiz competition has proved to be a huge success with many of the past winners doing very well in their chosen careers across three continents of the globe.

“From the survey we carried out, we discovered that over 90% of our past quiz winners are doctors and engineers. We traveled to about three continents of the world to locate what we describe as NNPC Science Quiz Competition Laureates in their various fields of endeavor. Some are at Harvard and other Ivy League Universities as research fellows”, Dr. Baru stated.

The NNPC Quiz Competition was inaugurated in 2000 and limited to participants from the Niger Delta but went national in 2001.

Designed mainly for students in the nation’s secondary schools, the competition has impacted positively on the intellectual attainment of young Nigerians. It has provided financial succour to successful contestants who have been placed on scholarship throughout their university education. Many of the awardees had moved on to achieve academic laurels in tertiary institutions, locally and internationally.

The competition was set up to promote science education in the country; encourage students in the study of Science and Technology related subjects; prepare students for promotional and qualifying examinations; build friendship amongst the participating students; and develop students’ competitive spirit, among others.

The event was attended by the Governor Godwin Obaseki of Edo State, Governor Atiku Bagudu of Kebbi, Governor Darius Ishiaku of Taraba State and a host of other dignitaries from across the country.

http://www.nnpcgroup.com/PublicRelations/NNPCinthenews/tabid/92/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/1082/Gowon-Abdulsalami-Applaud-NNPC-as-Enugu-Emerges-Champion-of-2018-National-Science-Quiz-Competition.aspx

Ndigbo kwenu!

ghostfacekillar:
pazienza. Okwa Ina afu

The amicably ceded lands brought about boundary adjustments. Its not something that can be reversed.

just as mushin was not part of old lagos, it was part of old western region. But the colonialists purchased land deeds from the aworis to expand Lagos. This brought about boundary adjustments too.

pazienza:
Interesting. Provide more of them here, bro.
Anything to wean off our IPOB brothers from this Ph addiction is always welcomed.

We need to turn their necks back home, to Owerri, Enugu, Abakaliki, Awka, Umuahia, Aba, Onitsha, Asaba.

Knock yourself out. Na you go tire.

Igwuocha bu alaigbo.

Pls bring education matters in pls.

pazienza:
Ghostfacekillar. You mean the below documents?
I was shocked when I saw them. Though they are blurred, and I couldn't make out much from it, but I'm yet to see Ikwerres provide rebuttal to it.

I know these documents. They were land deeds purchased from okrika people in the 1920s now ceded to the colonialists to EXPAND old igwuocha. Port Harcourt (igwuocha) was expanded by purchasing more land. So? How does it change igwuocha status as an igboland?

No historian will deny that igwuocha is alaigbo. Only in nairaland.

How far do you want to go in pushing this matter? This is childish.

ghostfacekillar:
the high time u start following his school of thought the better for u..u better let go. I don’t know if ph is ur ancestral home. Go and see documents about ph. U will see that okrika has more claim to ph dan ikwerre cos. Okrika land seceded to colonialist is bigger than what ikwerre contributed and that is anoda problem on itz own. U better face ur front makana if u start this nonsense again. U won't like the venoms I will start throwing at u..

I have the antidote to your venom my brother.

Like I said, END THIS MATTER. Our views mustn't always be the same.