₦airaland Forum

.

since the information is false, it is my pleasure to delete the post

Is INEC not supposed to sack the reps for that? what did the constitution say?

Warning!

Gej should use oshiomole style and make education free. in that way they will have nothing else to talk about.

Determined to remove Abia State from its landlocked status and enhance economic and commercial activities the state government has concluded plans to build its own seaport.

The decision to build the seaport which is to be located at Obuaku in Ukwa West local government is coming on the heels of government’s announcement that plans are in top gear to build an airport in the state.

Commissioner for information and strategy, Dr Eze Chikamnayo who disclosed this after the last state executive council meeting in Umuahia said the two projects would be executed simultaneously.

The sea port which will be the first in the South East geopolitical zone would help importers and exporter from the state carry out their business with more ease and reduce the distance they have to travel to clear their goods.

The sea port he added would also create employment for the teeming unemployed youths in the state both skilled and unskilled.

Defending the location of the seaport, he said that unlike Port Harcourt Sea port which is about 10 miles from Port Harcourt City, the proposed Obuaku seaport is less than five miles to the Atlantic Ocean.

The commissioner said that already a committee has been set up to see to the development of the seaport which will see Governor Theodore Orji emerging as the first governor in the South East to build a sea port.

On the air port project, he said that an appropriate site had been acquired cutting across Ikwuano and Umuahia south local government areas covering an area of 24 square miles.

http://leadership.ng/news/251213/abia-set-build-sea-port

Sometimes brutality is a virtue. Could he have said this rubbish to General Abacha?

he should go further ad sue obj to court

Just one question for the Reps.

1. What impacts have you made on the Nigerian citizens to justify the billions of naira you collect every month?

21. Have you taken into considerations how foreign company could use such information available to it to invade the privacy of Nigerians?

22. What are reasons for SURE-P to give preference to Chevrolet cars for SURE-P taxis, when it is known that not only are such cars very expensive to maintain compared with Asian and European cars, but also are also not fuel efficient and not durable on our roads?

23. Honorable Minister of Finance, you will agree that SURE-P is very important to the people of this country, taking into cognizance that it is the only thing they stand to gain from the increase on petroleum product pump prices almost 2 years ago. Who is in charge of the management of SURE-P and who takes responsibility for its successes and failures?

24. You will agree that inasmuch as the interest rate regime is critical to the real sector borrowing decisions, most principal factor in making borrowing decisions is the business's expected rate of return on investing borrowed money? The question, without efforts to protect local businesses from their foreign counterparts, the high cost of doing business in Nigeria, puts them at such a disadvantaged position that it makes no economic sense borrowing to invest in their local businesses, why should we expect private sector firms to be investing in the economy?

25. You are quoted as saying, '' Very soon, the US would become a net exporter of oil…So, it would be disingenuous for anyone to say that just because the price of oil has hovered at around $100 per barrel, it cannot crash…Lest we forget, as recently as 2008, oil prices crashed from a peak of $147 per barrel to $35 per barrel ina space of months triggered by the global financial crisis. Is the minority leader saying he has forgotten that?” This forces one to wonder from which source should the US become that net exporter of oil, given that the US daily oil consumption was 18.7 million barrels with (10.6 million of which was imported daily) in 2012? Or, should it be from the shale oil which the International Energy Agency (IEA) demonstrates to be at two million barrels daily? In other words, given the IEA global oil price trajectory, can’t we agree that “There are many constraints on supply keeping pace with demand’’ which means that within this decade, oil prices should always hover around $125 per barrel? Answering this question will help us understand why you insist on benchmarking the oil price for the 2014 appropriation at below $79 per barrel? In answering this question, would you also agree that as the global economy shifts from West to Asia, so will the appetite for global oil consumption shift from the West to Asia?

As crude oil continues to sell at $100-$110, how low will production have to fall for us to record a net loss or at what production level can we break even at a 2013 benchmark of $79.

26. Do you agree that the Excess Crude Account as being operated by government is illegal and unconstitutional, especially given how it has been managed?

27. Can you explain with clarity how the ECA is being operated? Also provide a statement of account of the ECA from 2011 to 2013? Also how much have we made in excess of the benchmark price from January 2013 till date.

28. If there is nothing like Excess Crude Account, would you have been demanding lower oil price benchmark for the budget, especially when the executive arm of government around world is known for demanding more money from lawmakers in order to be able to meet government spending obligations, particularly capital spending. Why is the reverse the case in Nigeria only, notably since 2011?

29. With respect to the Excess crude account and our Sovereign wealth fund again, there have been allegations and counter allegations on its legality. Assuming, for the sake of the committee’s enlightenment, the FGN alone saved its own excess in its ECA/SWF (which is about 52% of the Federation account) and the states and LGs get their funds in full compliance with the constitution, what would be the effect on the economy?

30. Do you believe in the fight against corruption? If you do why has EFCC not been proper funded? Without properly funding the commission, how should it be expected to carry out its duties effectively?

31. Can you confirm with figures if we have met our cumulative revenue projections for 2011, 2012, 2013, and if we have, how and if we have not, why? Also provide backup performance information under the various revenue generating agencies—NNPC (Oil and Gas), DPR, FIRS, Customs, Independent Revenue and other anticipated and unanticipated revenues e.g. privatization and sales of government properties etc.

32. As Minister of Finance, are you familiar and comfortable with all the present business arrangements of the NNPC? Why were these business arrangements excluded from the MTEF which used to be the practice? Provide all the present business arrangements, the parties involved, the share of each party, and justifications for such.

33. Provide details of government stake in NLNG. All categories of revenue under the NLNG and total amount generated so far and evidence of remittances.

34. Why do you always prefer a lower benchmark which leaves government with wider deficits and your attitude of no qualms with domestic borrowings at excessively high interest rates to balance deficit as against our position of increasing benchmark to reduce deficit which consequently reduces domestic borrowing, that frees up funds for the real sector of the economy, thereby bringing down the interest rate, increased private sector investments and creating jobs.

35. What is the total amount expended by certain statutory agencies of government without appropriation for 2011, 2012, and 2013? Also provide aggregate appropriated expenditure for the same period. As the Coordinating Minister of the Economy, do you feel comfortable with allegations that almost equal amount of our yearly aggregate expenditure is being spent without appropriation, yet we are crying that the country is running short of revenue?

36. Between May 7 and 9, 2014, it is expected that Nigeria will be hosting World Economic Forum on Africa. Who will finance this event and why? In concrete terms, what are the expected tangible benefits to the country in return to justify hosting such expensive event that will require lots of money for logistics, accommodations, security, especially given that South Africa that recently hosted the event has nothing to show for it.

37. If you should for any reason say it will attract foreign investors, the question, then becomes, what kind of foreign investors are we talking about here because as we all know, no serious foreign investor needs to attend such a forum in Nigeria in order to recognize that our country should have been one of the world's favored investment destinations had our perennial infrastructure deficit been addressed head-on?

38. Most of the developing economies like China, India, and Brazil that the world is today celebrating as economic success wouldn't have become this successful without adopting multi-year development plans. Why after knowing that their successes are as a result of carefully designed multi-year economic planning, we are yet to adopt such a multi-year development model? In other words, why wouldn’t you agree that Nigeria too needs that in order to move faster and more sustainably in its quest for industrialization and economic diversification and job creation for millions of the country's unemployed young men and women. Specifically, what concrete, visible strategic efforts and action are you taken to diversify our economy

39. As the Coordinating Minister of the Economy, can you precisely clarify how much is AMCON's debt exposure and what will its defaulting mean to the country's economy?

40. Why are we using the 10 to 15 years moving average to arrive at your 2014 proposed benchmark as against the traditional 5 to 10 years moving average we have always used? Is it because using the 5 -10 year average will not give you the benchmark price you desire?

41. This time last year you informed this committee that our external reserve position was about $48 billion and the balance on our excess crude account was about $9 billion. You also said that the plan was to grow these balances to about $50 billion and $10 billion respectively. However we are hearing that the balances have dropped to $43 billion and $3 billion respectively. And you are saying all is well?

42. Crude oil projections for 2013 were 2.53 million barrels per day while actual figures as supplied by the NNPC/DPR/MTEF have averaged about 2.3 million barrels per day giving a shortfall of about 9%. Could this alone have caused such a drastic reduction in our reserves and savings positions?

43. Is any money missing from our anticipated revenue from the NNPC in particular and oil industry in general. If there is, how much? If not, how come such issues emanate from high offices in the executive arm of Government? However, if the reconciliation figures is the issue, how long will Nigerians wait for the reconciliation to be completed. In other words, how long will the reconciliation last and the outcome announced?

44. Referring to the pre-shipment inspection of exports act of 1996 and the Federal ministry of Finance export guidelines. If any good (oil, gas or non oil) is exported from Nigeria the exporter is compelled to repatriate these proceeds through the domiciliary account of a Nigerian bank. What has been the effectiveness of these laws? Is there full compliance.

45. If there has not been compliance, would it not make it difficult for us to build up our foreign reserves?

Could we not say that the main thrust of the CBN letter was that our foreign reserves are not growing even though there has been a consistent high selling price of crude due to the fact that huge funds are not being repatriated at all or are repatriated through the black market?

46. Could we say that the issue is not so much that money is missing (which is yet to be determined) but that proceeds that should have found their way back to the Nigerian economy have grown wings or they fly in through the black market, allowing oil industry players have a field day making spreads of up to N7 per dollar in some cases.

47. What is the Minister’s take on the apparent stagnation of the economy as there seems to be very little job creation and growth in small businesses. Even though the Minister has read out growth figures before it is not telling on the average man on the street.

48. Would the Minister say that the various Government initiatives at job creation have not lived up to expectation as they affect only a very small part of the population?

49. Wouldn’t the Minister think that the private sector should be the main driver of job and wealth creation through natural growth of business and start ups being financed by the banking industry?

50. If so, what does the Minister think it would do for the local banking industry if this same pre-shipment inspection law and your own export guidelines are enforced to the letter. The oil industry in Nigeria is worth about $50 billion per annum. If even $10 billion of this passes through our local banks wouldn’t that give the economy a boost with banks now able to fund longer term and bigger projects?

Signed: Hon. Abdulmumin Jibrin, Ph.D
Chairman
House of Representatives Committee on Finance

These are the 50 questions that the House of Representatives Finance Committee want Ngozi to answer.......I think he should......indeed, constitutionally she must.......

STATE OF THE ECONOMY
You will recall that the Committee on Finance had invited you to appear and make a comprehensive presentation on the state of the economy.

This invitation has become imperative because the Committee has come to the conclusion that what senior officers from the executive discuss with us in private regarding the sad situation of our economy and the so called dwindling revenue base is not in tandem with positions they hold in the public arena.

More so, what you consistently try to make the Country believe as the true situation of our economy is at sharp variance with the reality on ground.
In light of the above, and after careful deliberation, the Committee has itemized key issues that will require answers and clarifications from you.

Below are the 50 questions kindly provide written answers and clarifications and submit to the Committee within two weeks:

Questions for the HMF/CME on the State of the Economy

1. What should you consider as the major economic achievements of this government in the 2013 fiscal year and why? In your explanation, we will need facts and figures in demonstrating such achievements.

2. You have been credited with many announcements regarding Nigeria's economy as one of the fastest growing economies in Africa. If the economy is one of the fast growing economies, what is exactly growing the economy? What role does government play in the said economic growth, especially given that as high as 80 percent of the country's total annual budget spending still goes into recurrent expenditure?

3. Since your arrival as minister of finance in 2011, you have publicly announced the need to reduce the recurrent expenditure so that more money would be made available to capital spending which is critical to growing and diversifying the country's economy. How far has government succeeded in making these necessary cuts; and where exactly have these cuts been made in this effort to reduce recurrent expenditure? In other words, based on real amount spent on capital expenditure, how much reduction was made in 2011 against 2010, in 2012 against 2011 and in 2013 against 2012?

4. You are known to be celebrating a single-digit GDP growth. But speaking recently at a breakfast dialogue with some members of the organized private sector in Lagos, organized by the Nigerian Economic Summit Group (NESG), you were quoted as saying: “We are growing, but not creating enough jobs. That is a very big challenge…We need to grow faster. I think it needs to grow at least 9 to 10 percent to drive job growth the way we want.” Don't you agree that a good finance minister managing an economy like ours should be celebrating a GDP growth as high as 20 percent annually? Why is it that our economy cannot grow beyond a single digit? How many jobs are being created as a result of these said growths? In which sectors of the economy are these jobs created? If in private sector, what contributions is government making to further assist these private sector firms?

5. In the presence of Nigeria’s huge infrastructure deficit, why is it that the country's debt-to-GDP at about 19 percent in 2012 remains one of the lowest in the world when compared to nations already with world-class infrastructure and industrial economies such as America’s 105 percent, Brazil’s 65.49 percent, India’s 67.60 percent, and South Africa’s 40.9 percent?

6. Since facts don't lie, have you any disagreements with the September 4, 2013 Global Competitiveness Report of the World Economic Forum for 2013-2014, which ranked Nigeria 120th out of 148 countries ranked in the Global Competitiveness Index, including being ranked far behind some African countries such as Mauritius 45th, South Africa 53rd, and Kenya 96th?

7. ''For the first time in Nigeria’s 53rd year history, we have successfully privatized the electric power industry,’’ so said the President at a recent meeting in London with some foreign investors. As minister of finance should you agree that the recent privatization of the country's power infrastructure is worth celebrating as a major economic achievement in 2013, when in reality there is little or nothing to show as an improvement in the country power supply? Also why our rush to wholesale privatization of the power sector when countries like South Africa, generating as high as 42,000MW still have their power sector mostly in public hands?

8. What was your reaction to the November 12, 2013 statement credited to the World Bank Country Director for Nigeria, Marie-Francoise Marie-Nelly, who said that over 100 million Nigerians are today living in absolute destitution, representing an unheard-of 8.33 percent of the world’s total number of people living in destitution?

9. Nigerians are increasingly perplexed that these days nothing happens without government borrowing. And for most Nigerians, it is frightening how those managing the economy are just dragging us into excessively unproductive debts. More worrisome is the fact that every effort is being made to hide the details of the country's debt stock from Nigerians. Where are the facts that the country's current high rate of borrowing is productive, let alone have the ability to be repaid without having to resort to more borrowings?

10. Is prudence in our borrowing simply reduction in borrowing or simply constructive borrowing with government putting necessary measures in place to ensure that domestic debt profile is properly supervised and utilized by curbing corruption?

11. From Debt Management Office (DMO) 2012 Annual Report, the total public debt outstanding between 2008 and 2012 for external stock rose from $3.72bn to $6.53bn, while domestic stock rose from $17.68bn to $41.97bn. The total debt service the same period saw the percentage of external debt service drastically reduced from 11.46 per cent to 5.96 per cent while the percentage of domestic debt servicing grew from 88.54 per cent in 2008 to 94.04 per cent in 2012, drastically increasing the cost of the total debt service since the cost of domestic borrowing is atrociously higher than the cost of external borrowing. How could your debt sustainability analysis rationalize this without seeing some narrow interests being the overriding reason? Could this be the explanation why commercial banks in the country are declaring unheard-of three digit profits and the high Foreign Portfolio Investment and low Foreign Direct Investment?

12. It's an established fact that the willingness and ability to borrow do not automatically translate into economic growth. If you agree with this fact, how productive are the country's recent borrowings?

13. Why should our internal debts continue to represent more than two-thirds of Nigeria's external debt profile, when the cost of servicing domestic debts is ridiculously far more expensive than servicing external debts? Why should government continue to borrow internally when in so doing results in insufficient funds, skyrockets the cost of borrowing and above all, crowds out the real sector from the money market? Shouldn't the high cost of domestic borrowing override whatever are the assumed benefits? Since both London Interbank Offer Rates (LIBOR) and the US Treasury Bonds rates offer far better interest rates for sovereign borrowings, why have we continued not to take advantage of cheaper interest rates?

14. Your references to the country's economic growth profile have always been based on Fitch, Standard and Poor's, and Moody’s ratings. Are you aware that these same rating agencies are being sued in New York (with case # 652410/2013) by two Bear Stearns hedge funds for fraudulently assigning inflated ratings to securities in the run-up to the 2008 financial crisis? If you do, why do you insist on accepting the rating as reliable.

15. How much exactly has been the amount of money lost in government revenue as a result of import duty waivers in 2011, 2012 and 2013? Provide the names and beneficiaries and justification for same. In your opinion as the minister of finance who oversees the economy, what are the implications to the country's economy? What efforts have you have made to stop this waiver policy, which is distorting the economy? Our non oil income has dropped in 2013. A case where increased tariffs on various items effectively reduced importation to zero in some sectors. However, those items now find their way into Nigeria through our borders. Does it make any sense to increase these tariffs when we have such porous borders? As an example, officially, Benin Republic imported more rice this year than Nigeria.

16. It was reported that the FIRS is to engage foreign consultants for tax collection in 2014. Could the Minister clarify this position and what Nigeria stands to gain? Have the FIRS not been working effectively?

17. Do you really believe that Nigeria needs a 'Sovereign Wealth Fund' at this critical juncture of budgetary deficits, and having to be borrowing extensively in an effort to address government revenue gaps? Shouldn't the presence of Nigerian Sovereign Investment Authority (NSIA) simply mean spreading government's scarce resources thinly? Why will you insist that no matter what we still need to operate a sovereign wealth fund? Sincerely speaking, how sustainable are the objectives of Nigeria's Sovereign Wealth Fund, particularly in the long-term?

18. You should agree that a lot of Nigerians are interested in the link between NSIA and the government. Since there is no doubt that Nigerian Sovereign Investment Authority is an agent of government — or is it not? The question is: How should we think about the management structure in so far as major decisions are concerned? Where is the line between NSIA, as a commercially minded entity, and the government, especially given government's policy of having no business doing business? If, for example, government does not get involved in specific investments, then, who appoints the external managers involved in managing some parts of the NSIA funds?

19. Who determines the investment objective and who establishes the risk parameter for the NSIA's portfolio? In providing answer to this question, it is also important to understand and explain why NSIA recently hired a Swiss national as its chief portfolio investor? Answering this question is important since it should help us to know who determines the maximum draw-down that the government would be comfortable with in extremely negative market environments.

20. What should be your explanations for awarding MasterCard a multimillion dollar National Identity Smart Cards, when there are indigenous ICT companies that not only have what it takes but would have done it cheaper and create local jobs at the same time?

Woged2005: That's if money and material things are all that matter to you. Mother Theresa had no bank account, Pope John Paul II had no bank account, and the current Pope has none either. Mandela was not the wealthiest man we know of, but their names are worth millions of dollars wherever you mentioned it because of their character. They had almost anything they wanted without paying for it. Money is meant to buy what you want abi?

Moreover I beg to disagree. I have never seen an educated person with good character, dignity and integrity to match who is hopelessly and wretchedly poor. Those combination alone are highly sought after and equal to wealth. Maybe you forgot what attracts poverty (none of the above).

I see. i like your point of view anyways. but consider the fact that tho pope John Paul had no money to his name, he works in an organization that is very rich. that provides him his basic needs; daily food, shelter, clothing, healthcare all that is needed to live good. Nelson Mandela has good money. you may say these people did not make money their priority, but stood and fought for what they believed in. and money followed. maybe, it wld be a good legacy to teach your child to stand and fight for whatever he believes in, whether there is money in it or not.

i guess the same applies to mother theresa

Woged2005: I will say Education, that will achieve, character, dignity and Integrity. Integrity is what you do when no one is watching. It determines what people do in times of pressure, and Martin Luther King (jr) said: ".. the ultimate test of a man is where he stands in times of pressure because character magnifies under pressure". Dignity and Character will earn them respect & good name like Mandela.

Quality education will refine them, empower them, equip them to own profitable business, good money in the bank, and landed property. And I mean education at home through examples by parents, and at school.

i have seen well educated people with good character, dignity and integrity to match who are hopelessly and wretchedly poor.

so what's the use of EDUCATION without MONEY?

What's the best legacy to give your child?

1. Good Education
2. Profitable Business
3. Money in the Bank
4. Landed Properties
5. Good Name

anybody used swiftteller pay b4? r they good?

do they process local and international credit cards?

since yesterday the power has never gone off. first i history. God bless Goodluck Jonathan. God bless T.A. Orji

i heard something about candidiasis being the cause and such infected ladies not being able to conceive. but dont know how true.

i just heard that in imo state, primary school teachers own laptops courtesy the state government's loan. and that they will soon assist the teachers to acquire cars and pay in installments. kudos to rochas okorocha. thats his method.

however, our president, Goodluck Johnathan has a different method of empowering people, called YOUWIN and SURE-P. i dont need to talk more about then, i believe u know how they work.

among the two methods of empowerment which one is better and why?

TribalEAST: Drunken master for president.

have u ever seen him with alchohol b4? why all these propaganda?

solomon111: Bullshitt.

if APC brings out a south-eastern candidate, u think jonathan south-eastern states? how about s-w, who controls it? ....

solomon111: Bullshitt.

if APC brings out a south-eastern candidate, u think jonathan wld win in south-eastern states? how about s-w, who controls it? ....

the best thing Goodluck could have done was to step down for a south-east candidate. now APC has the chance to bring out Rochas Okorocha and win the election.

Sincere 9gerian: What an irony! The same OBJ that wanted an UNCONSTITUTIONAL third term is now trying to prevent an incumbent president from seeking his CONSTITUTIONALLY GUARANTEED second term? Why should an OBJ do his second term and even tried to seek a third term BUT a Jonathan cannot seek second term? So what is the difference between an OBJ and a Jonathan? Is it in the colour of their skin or tribe? And OBJ is being cheered on by Tinubu slaves? What an irony! Smh for my country.

This is serious!
My brother consider the fact tha obj never promised anybody that he will not seek a third term. so if he did seek a third term he did not break any agreement. am a business man. and i know how people take agreements seriously, whether written or verbal. and will expect u to keep ur agreements to the last 1 naira. when u fail to keep it to the last 1 naira, ur apologies may not be accepted and ur good will may become useless.

simply keep agreements. full stop.

Congratulations, Mr and Mrs Apoti!

Kairoseki77: You see what centuries of white propaganda has done to this poor soul?

No knowledge of his own history. No self esteem.

Probably hates the color of his skin, the texture of his hair, etc.

Look, i don't blame the bbc at all. just yesterday i was taking a walk down the streets in umuahia capital city and i kept wondering why our people like a disorganized wretched looking environment. the governor just demolished the city market and the surrounding attachments that make the inhabitants of umuahia look very wretched and hopeless. still every evening u will see pple carry their goods and display on the roads, blocking free flow of traffic.

btw, how good was oshodi looking b4 governor fashola came to bring sanity. and this is a city center where a first time visitor will use to access the standard of life in the city. the kind of scenes we have here must be shocking to Americans and Europeans. maybe bbc is reporting what they see.

thing are changing anyway...

if efcc can do the job, what is wrong with rochas teaching them how to do it?

If Rochas Okorocha contests in 2015, he will win.

It is signed, sealed and documented.

Jokes apart. I read the prophecy many years back. and it makes me more conscious of the fact that God is real and He declares the end of a matter from the beginning.

for those those who wld think its foolish because there's no proof. sory, i have no proof. but i know what am talking about.

hermeen: 20k, d one i knw bt is on contract basis that if they dont meet up dia target they will be sacked

is that ssce holder or what?

[center]JAMB 1983 Use of English
[/center]
[center]
[center]COMPREHENSION[/center]

Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follow it.

The approach to the University is being restructured
to ease the flow of traffic, give better security and provide an
appropriate introduction to a seat of higher learning. The Works
and Services Complex is also under construction , and we intend
to move into the completed {major}part of it within the next few
weeks.

All these projects are being executed with an eye to
aesthetics, for we recognize the important influence of a beautiful
and healthy environment on its inhabitants and feel that a cluster
of buildings on a small space such as we have , should be so
well designed as to have a beneficial psychological and
sociological effect on all members of the community.
I have gone to these lengths to itemize these examples of
current development for two main reason. Firstly , to advise you
that the road diversions and other physical inconveniences
currently being experienced will be on the increase because of
intense development activity. We therefore appeal to you to
bear with us in full knowledge and consolation that such
inconveniences are temporary and will soon yield final tangible
results. Secondly, to demonstrate our capacity for executing
approved projects with dispatch, and to assure Government
that we are up to the task. Indeed, I can assure Government that
its ability to disburse funds to us will be more than matched by
our capacity to collect and expend them on executing various
worthy projects in record time.

1. From the passage we can gather that

A. there is not much consideration for the health of
the inhabitants.
B. there is deliberate effort to inconvenience the
people
C. buildings are put up anyhow
D. projects are carried out without approval
E. the inconveniences suffered by the inhabitants
will be for a while.

2. Unless it can be shown that the money voted for projects
can be spent on them in good time.

A. the development activity will not be intense.
B. it will not be easy to convince the Government of
our executive ability
C. it will not be difficult to ask Government for funds
D. our final results will be unreliable.
E. the road diversions and other inconveniences
will continue.

3. An eye to aesthetics in this passage means

A. regard for space. B. beneficial psychological effects
C. regard for health D. consideration for beauty
E. a cluster of buildings.

4. In this passage the author tries to explain why

A. it is necessary to establish the Works and Services
Complex in the University.
B. beauty should not be taken into consideration when
building on such a small space as we have
C. the gateway to the university is being rebuilt
D. major part of the project should be completed in the
next few weeks.
E. visitors should be debarred from using the gates in
the meantime.

5. Which of these is NOT among the reasons given by the
author for enumerating the examples of the current
development?

A. to show that we are capable of executing approved
projects.
B. to convince the Government that we can be trusted
with task.
C. the inconvenience currently being experienced will
go on indefinitely.
D. we are fully aware of the inconveniences being caused
but we do not want you to complain.
E. we have the capacity to complete worthy projects
within the scheduled time.


II
Is work for prisoners a privilege to save them from the
demoralizing effects and misery of endless unoccupied hours?
Is it something added to a prison sentence to make it harder and
more unpleasant, or something, which should have a positive
value as part of a system of rehabilitation?
Those magistrates who clung to sentences of hard labour
doubtless looked upon strenuous work as an additional
punishment. This point of view is widely accepted as right and
proper, but it ignores the fact that unwillingness to work is often
one of the immediate causes of criminality. To send prisoners
back to the outside world, more than ever convinced that labour
is an evil to be avoided, is to confirm them in their old way of
life.

It has been said that the purpose of prison work in a
programme of rehabilitation is twofold: training for work and
training by work. The prisoner, that is to say, needs to be trained
in habits of industry; but over and above this, he will gain
immeasurably if it is possible to rouse in him the consciousness
of self-mastery and of purpose that the completion of any
worthwhile piece of work can give to the doer. He may find a
pride of achievement in something more satisfying, and more
socially desirable, than crime. But these things can only come
when the work itself has a purpose and demands an effort.

6. According to the author, some magistrates sentence
prisoners to hard labour because.

A. some prisoners are unwilling to work.
B. work is a privilege
C. prisoners need to learn a trade
D. it is an additional punishment
E. it is a means of rehabilitation.

7. Which of these is NOT the purpose of work in a programme
of rehabilitation?

A. training the prisoners to have satisfaction in work.
B. developing in them a pride in a sense of achievement.
C. developing in them more satisfaction in work than in crime.
D. helping them to accelerate their reform and discharge.
E. training them for work and by work.

8. The author thinks that strenuous work in prison.

A. is a privilege for the prisoners
B. may do more harm than good
C. is part of their punishment
D. is a right and proper thing
E. should be an additional punishment.

9. What the author is trying to put across in this passage is that

A. crime does not pay
B. prisoners should be made to work hard
C. work is more desirable than crime
D. life in prison is one of misery.
E. work in prison without a purpose is bad.

10. Demoralizing in this passage means

A. deforming B. reforming C. agonizing
D. destructive E. corrupting.


III
The Save the Children Fund (SCF) was first started in
London on 19th May, 1919 by an English woman --- named Miss
Jebb. It is now a worldwide organization, dedicated to helping
needy children everywhere. The SCF of Malawi was formed in
1953, under the patronage of His Excellency the Life President
Ngawazi Dr. H. Kamuzu Banda.
‘Our job in Malawi is to give those unfortunate children
the rights that they are deprived of through no fault of theirs.
These are internationally recognized as the ten rights of children
and include protection, care, food and accommodation, and
relief’, a spokesman for the Fund explained.
One of those who benefited from the help of the Fund is
Samuel Mpetechula, a graduate of Chancellor. His sponsorship
started in 1967. The SCF of Malawi found him sponsors. They
were Mr. and Mrs. Sutton of Australia who paid his school fees
and continued to help him financially throughout his University
education.
Mr. Mpetechula said, ‘They even built a house for me at
home and looked after my family while I was a student. They
were really helpful to me, and the thought that there were these
sponsors caring for me from thousands of kilometers away from
here was an encouragement for me to work hard at college’.
Another important function of the work of the SCF is in
the field of nutrition. With the help of the Australian Government,
the SCF established two nutrition rehabilitation centers for
children; one at Mpemba and another in Mulanje. ‘The object of
the centre’, explained Mr. Petre Chimbe, the Executive Secretary
of the Fund, ‘is to combat malnutrition in children, by giving
them the proper food.’

11. In Malawi, the ‘Save the Children Fund’ was formed

A by an English woman named Miss Jebb in 1919
B. in 1919 under the patronage of His Excellency the
Life President Ngawazi Dr. H. Kamuzu Banda
C. under the patronage of His Excellency the Life President
Ngawazi Dr. H. Kamuzu Banda in 1953
D. in 1953 by a group of social workers headed by Dr.
Mbagunda
E. none of the above.

12. The ‘Save the Children Fund’ in Malawi helps needy
children by

A. finding families which are willing to adopt the
children
B. finding sponsors for the children’s education and
by opening nutrition centers
C. giving loans and scholarships to students who
cannot afford to continue their education
D. running institutions which give free food
E. clothing and lodging poor children without parents.

13. Samuel Mpetechula was able to graduate from Chancellor
because

A. of the financial assistance given to him by his sponsors
B. his uncle paid his education fees.
C. he was able to win a scholarship to the university
D. the SCF subsidized his educational expenses
E. of the assistance given to him by the Australian
Government.
In questions 14 and 15 choose the meaning which best fits the
underlined phrases taken from the passage.

14. Combat malnutrition means

A. struggle against the easing of the wrong type of food
B. fight ill health caused by over-feeding
C. wipe out ignorance
D. fight to wipe out ill health caused by lack of food
E. fight against hunger.

15. Deprived of means

A. spared B. prevented from getting C. robbed of
D. unable to take. E. snatched from.


Source: www.validplanet.com/test

that money is outrageous. it seems no body can talk.