₦airaland Forum

Nobody is saying Jerusalem belongs to the Muslims alone, but to make accessible and conducive for Christians Jews an Muslims alike. Just like how the Muslim leadership had been doing for 1400 years; and more importantly how UN had instructed as guidelines, during the creation of the state of Israel in 1946.
Now compare the above scenario with European arrival to the Americas only 600years ago.

Note: The below is verbatim copy from Wikipedia. This thread is aimed at educating people about how Muslims come to be a part of the city's history and make up, and how impossible and unfair it is to try to annihilate from a city they have been a part of, developed and maintained for 1400 years. It is also noteworthy that it Muslims more than other people that gave the inhabitants the freedom to practice their faith and law the way they liked. It was Muslim leadership that allowed and even encouraged the Jews exiled by oppressive regimes to return to the city on many occasions. Both times that Muslims captured the were bloodless, and they end with guaranteed religious freedom and tolerance to the extent that even non-Muslims yearned for the return to Muslim after the city was pillaged by the barbaric crusaders.

Intro
The Siege of Jerusalem was part of a military conflict which took place in the year 637 between the Byzantine Empire and the Rashidun Caliphate. It began when the Rashidun army, under the command of Abu Ubaidah, besieged Jerusalem in November 636. After six months, the Patriarch Sophronius agreed to surrender, on condition that he submit only to the Rashidun caliph. In April 637, Caliph Umar traveled to Jerusalem in person to receive the submission of the city. The Patriarch thus surrendered to him.
Background
Jerusalem was an important city of the Byzantine province of Palestina Prima. Just 23 years prior to the Muslim conquest, in 614, it fell to an invading Sassanid army under Shahrbaraz during the last of the Byzantine-Sassanid Wars. The Persians looted the city, and are said to have massacred its 90,000 Christian inhabitants.[2] As part of the looting, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre was destroyed and the True Cross captured and taken to Ctesiphon as a battle-captured holy relic. The Cross was later returned to Jerusalem by Emperor Heraclius after his final victory against the Persians in 628. It was believed that the Jews, who were persecuted in their Roman-controlled homeland, had aided the Persians.[3]

After the death of Muhammad in 632, Muslim leadership passed to Caliph Abu Bakr following a series of campaigns known as the Ridda Wars. Once Bakr's sovereignty over Arabia had been secured, he initiated a war of conquest in the east by invading Iraq, then a province of the Sassanid Persian Empire; while on the western front, his armies invaded the Byzantine Empire.[4]

In 634, Abu Bakr died and was succeeded by Umar, who continued his own war of conquest.[5] In May 636, Emperor Heraclius launched a major expedition to regain the lost territory, but his army was defeated decisively at the Battle of Yarmouk in August 636. Thereafter, Abu Ubaidah, the Muslim commander-in-chief of the Rashidun army in Syria, held a council of war in early October 636 to discuss future plans. Opinions of objectives varied between the coastal city of Caesarea and Jerusalem. Abu Ubaidah could see the importance of both these cities, which had resisted all Muslim attempts at capture. Unable to decide on the matter, he wrote to Caliph Umar for instructions. In his reply, the caliph ordered them to capture the latter. Accordingly, Abu Ubaidah marched towards Jerusalem from Jabiya, with Khalid ibn Walid and his mobile guard leading the advance. The Muslims arrived at Jerusalem around early November, and the Byzantine garrison withdrew into the fortified city.
The Siege
Jerusalem had been well-fortified after Heraclius recaptured it from the Persians.[6] After the Byzantine defeat at Yarmouk, the Patriarch of Jerusalem Sophronius repaired its defenses.[7] The Muslims had so far not attempted any siege of the city. However, since 634, Saracen forces had the potential to threaten all routes to the city. Although it was not encircled, it had been in a state of siege since the Muslims captured the neighboring forts of Pella and Bosra. After the Battle of Yarmouk, the city was severed from the rest of Syria, and was presumably being prepared for a siege that seemed inevitable.[6] When the Muslim army reached Jericho, Sophronius collected all the holy relics including the True Cross, and secretly sent them to the coast, to be taken to Constantinople.[7] The Muslim troops besieged the city some time in November 636. Instead of relentless assaults on the city,a[›] they decided to press on with the siege until the Byzantines ran short of supplies and a bloodless surrender could be negotiated.[8]

Although details of the siege were not recorded,b[›] it appeared to be bloodless.[9] The Byzantine garrison could not expect any help from the humbled regime of Heraclius. After a siege of four months, Sophronius offered to surrender the city and pay a jizya (tribute), on condition that the caliph came to Jerusalem to sign the pact and accept the surrender.[10] It is said that when Sophronius's terms became known to the Muslims, Shurahbil ibn Hassana, one of the Muslim commanders, suggested that instead of waiting for the caliph to come all the way from Madinah, Khalid ibn Walid should be sent forward as the caliph, as he was very similar in appearance to Umar.[11] The subterfuge did not work. Possibly, Khalid was too famous in Syria, or there may have been Christian Arabs in the city who had visited Madinah and had seen both Umar and Khalid, remembering the differences. Consequently, the Patriarch of Jerusalem refused to negotiate. When Khalid reported the failure of this mission, Abu Ubaidah wrote to caliph Umar about the situation, and invited him to come to Jerusalem to accept the surrender of the city.
Surrender
In early April 637, Umar arrived in Palestine and went first to Jabiya,[13] where he was received by Abu Ubaidah, Khalid, and Yazid, who had traveled with an escort to receive him. Amr was left as commander of the besieging Muslim army.[14]

Upon Umar's arrival in Jerusalem, a pact known as The Umariyya Covenant was composed. It surrendered the city and gave guarantees of civil and religious liberty to Christians in exchange for jizya. It was signed by caliph Umar on behalf of the Muslims, and witnessed by Khalid, Amr, Abdur Rahman bin Awf, and Muawiyah. In late April 637, Jerusalem was officially surrendered to the caliph.[15] For the first time, after almost 500 years of oppressive Roman rule, Jews were once again allowed to live and worship inside Jerusalem.[16]

It has been recorded in the annals of Muslim chronicles, that at the time of the Zuhr prayers, Sophronius invited Umar to pray in the rebuilt Church of the Holy Sepulchre. Umar declined, fearing that accepting the invitation might endanger the church's status as a Christian temple, and that Muslims might break the treaty and turn the temple into a mosque.[8] After staying for ten days in Jerusalem, the caliph returned to Medina.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(636%E2%80%93637)

Tsakanin Dan Adam da Kudi!
Business is business, it's no respecter of how close you are even if your are twins.
On the subject matter, the blame shall be appropriately placed on the authorities. Fayemi is doing a terrible job in handling these crises. That's how he complicated ALSCON saga even more.
From my understanding Dangote's license is supposed in Kogi while that of BuA is Edo. However, due to some Abracadabra in the sites location Dangote's site strayed deep into Edo state right into BUA's site. Dangote as we know how greedy he is decided to take everything.
Why not just use the natural state boundary to separate the sites, instead of using confusing so called mining site coordinates? That are guaranteed to keep bringing confusion and crises not just in this sector/case but all other mining sectors all over Nigeria.

adecurtis007:
But ironically I have been getting a lot of discouragement about Honda cars from most of the comments. Do you have a personal experience with both brands, if yes, please share. Thank you

If you intend to use it for a short period of time, Toyota is your choice as stated due to its high second hand value and durability for rigorous use and bad terrain.
However if you are looking for a cheap beautiful reliable car with pleasant ride experience and very cheap and available parts, Honda is your choice.
I personally prefer Honda for its beauty and driving experience. And since I don't intend selling my stuff at any short time after buying it, I care less about the second value. Also almost every part/repair of a Toyota costs more than same on a Honda.
I'd definitely choose a Toyota if we're to start a transport biz or buy a car for someone else, because won't trust them to take care of the Honda the way I should.

adecurtis007:
Thanks a lot Eazymoh, this is a well detailed opinion

You are welcome. So what's your priority?

Chai! We are finished in this country! You wonder who are the fools aiding the president make these blunders.

They are mostly (of recent) Atiku supporters! I marvel at a people whose main source of motivation is hate!

OrestesDante:



∆ Partly true!!! But Soviet union was then capable. Remember Hitler had few territories. I think Germany, Austria, Czech Republic (Sudetenland) and few more.

Compared to the territories of the Soviet union. Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Latvia, Georgia, Lithuania and other allies Cuba, Armenia etc. Coupled with Ammunition.

Agreed the German military was more Tactical (Blitzkrieg) . Yet Soviet had more soldiers... Enough to overpower Hitler.

Hitler Feared Joseph Stalin!!!

So, Hitler conquering Africa will be quite impossible because the United states, Britain, France will surely come in. Together with Soviet?....


Dem no born Hitler well...
∆

Lol Africa was almost useless to Hitler at that time. What was of paramount to him was the oil supply from the middle east. It was the Allied forces that relied on number of troops because they lacked the war machinery to match Germany. A single German machine gun or fighter jet could decimate a battalion of rifle wielding scared mostly African sourced allied forces troops.

Each has its own merits ad demerits.
For example Toyota generally is more durable and has better second hand value. Hondas on the other hand are cheaper to acquire and maintain. They are more comfortable and fun to drive, as well as more flashy and . So I guess it depends on what your priorities are.
MHO

Why is the progress in the last paragraph in quotes?

Back then when he was a mere commissioner, but now levels din change.

But honestly none of these lawyers is doing anything extra ordinary. The biggest disappointment is the so called minister for justice. May be they should have used an ex banker instead of a lawyer since many lawyers are appointed to virtually every other ministry.

Sealeddeal:
The truth is that Islam is a fake copy of Christianity. It's clear that in the naming, teaching and their fierce opposition to true gospel of Christianity.

And Christianity is a fake copy of Judaism.

Any phone bigger than 5.2" is no no for me. I am allergic to large phones.

Ovamboland:
We don't have the infrastructure in place to produce such advanced weapons systems in place. The insurgency can't wait for us to develop our own weapons before we start fighting.

that is not to say we should not increase investment in developing our own technology to meet our needs in agriculture,industry and surely defence

Don't mind him, may be he shall stop using foreign made smartphones and computers to post on nairaland, he should wait till Nigeria begins to manufacture...In 2100!

Atiku Supporters will not be happy.

Prophet of Lies!

na so All praise be to Almighty.

see finishing!

Leave my former governor alone. Z only EFCC is allowed to monitor him.

Nice write up OP. I always have passion for livestock keeping.
Anyway as pointed above the selling price is unrealistic. That's how I saw a federal government agency on skill acquisition giving selling price of catfish at N900 per KG.
If you base your study on that kind of high selling cost which is mostly realizable by those selling small amounts directly to consumers, you are likely to fail.

Bollinger:
I can't believe you wrote that. Of course i expect the north to be at par with that of the south when it comes to education. Especially since the standard of education in the south is low anyway. It doesn't take much to meet that low standard. You say that there are many factors as to why the north cannot meet up to this standard but you are yet to provide any of these factors. So, are you saying that you are ignorant to the fact that to keep a people in perpetual slavery all you have to do is deny them education and information? And who should be blamed for a people not having access to education? Who's responsibility is it to provide it? Plus, islam has always been against education of any sort. Are you sure you understand the world as it is today? It is not by magic that hardcore muslim nations are backwards as phuck. Why do i have to explain this? Why? And lastly, which UK are you talking about? Is it the UK in Yemen? On which planet have you ever heard of a sharia court in the UK? Guy, no let me vex here oooo.

I am sorry, I never knew you see this ignorant.
Western Education had been established for more than half a century in the South before it got to the Muslim North. It's impossible to catch up with a society that has 60years head start ahead of you! T least not in the next 60years since the southern region again isn't stuck in the past.
Let me enumerate why the North can never compete with the south educationally, at least not in the next 100years.
1. The 60year head start.
2. The fact that we already have our system of education
3. The religious difference, many view Boko with disgust as something to do with un-Islamic prsctice

Now on your question whose responsibility is it to provide education, our prophet has made it crystal clear that it's the responsibility of Parents to educate their children, and of husbands to educate their wives. And this is what is generally obtained anywhere in Nigeria. Your success educationally today will only be credited to your parents mainly and to yourself.
Your ignorance about Islam and education reeks!
No religion supports, encourages and even made seeking knowledge compulsory more than Islam. The so called today's western education has tremendous input and contribution from Islam and Muslims that only ignorant people like you don't know. Islamic world perfected medical surgeries, scientific method, algebra, Arabic numerals, Chemistry, astronomy and many more when the western Christian world was wallowing in dark ages. Treating every ailment with exorcism and wallowing in plagues due to ignorance and lack of hygiene. - But that's a different topic.
A Muslim has no excuse of not being educated, it's a compulsory command of the prophet that we (men and women alike) shall seek knowledge even if we have to go as far as China!
The northern Muslims nonchalant culture to education has nothing to do with Islam. In fact it goes directly against it!
My parents tell me about how people hide their kids when district heads send their guards to search for kids of school age to force them to school. Many wealthy individuals sent their servants' kids instead of their own to school, and that is how people like Tafawa Balewa and Abubakar Rimi became products of that system.
I know your interest isn't in seeing a solution but rather to mock us. But I tell you blaming the wrong people isn't gonna solve it. As I said earlier, it's mainly the parents faults.
On Sharia in the UK, you could have just Googled and saved yourself the embarrassment. There are more than 80 Sharia courts in the UK alone.

The Islamic Sharia Council (a registered charity) was founded by the late Shaykh Sayyid Matawalli ad-Darsh in 1982.
A 2015 Daily Mail investigation revealed that 85 Islamic courts - most attached to mosques - were dispensing 'justice' across the UK at the time.

Horlufemi:
Do you think FFK is a normal human being?

lol, No!

I concur! But FFK was actually blaming PMB for the crisis.

The low education in the north is simply due to lack of interest of the masses to send their kids to school simple.
There is no new law that forces Christians to use Sharia law.
I will forgive a wrong opinion, but not a lie!

Bollinger:
Lol. Your problem is you read but cannot comprehend. Second problem is you are totally oblivious to your surroundings. If the northern elites were so pro education how do you explain the low level of literacy since independence? And bros, There has always been sharia in the north. Back in the day, if an offence was committed in the north you were judged based on your religion. If you are a christian common law is used and if you are a muslim sharia is used to judge your case. With the new law, there is no option for christians but to use sharia. I can't believe i have to explain this. Smh.

Your problem is trying to to tell us about ourselves.
You claimed the leaders delibrately tried to stop people from acquiring western education, and I gave you info regarding Sardauna did in that regard. To you the North has to be at par with South educationally for you to acknowledge the efforts of the leaders. Many factors contribute to the poor western education in the North, but NONE certainly could be blamed on leaders of first republic and colonial era.
And how does Shariah court reduce education or cause backwardness? You do realize that one has to be well educated to be part of it? There are Shariah costs all over UK and other non-Muslim countries, what possible disadvantage do they suffer from.
I know your faulty assumption about the North, That the leaders are the ones preventing the masses from obtaining education, and I as a full northerner is telling that this isn't true and you arguing with me.

But I can't see any comment criticizing them now, all the commentators seem to be in support.

Abusule007:
Who ask am make e go do pink lips

lol, the picture is disgusting.

Bollinger:
1. Deliberate lack of access to education.

2. Refusing to invest in infrastructure.

3. Instituting sharia law.

The list is endless.

You have no idea what you are talking about.
Go and research what Sardauna did for education within the short period of his leadership.
1. traditional rulers were forced to bring their kids to school to serve as a detergent to otherwise resistant masses. Incentives were given with everything free scholarships up to university level.
2. Again do you know the industries Sardauna's regional government built? A strong regional bank and strong economy.
3. Shariah? You mean Shariah that was introduced less than 20years ago is what you are blaming on leaders that immediately succeeded colonialists about 50 years ago?
Mind you you blame was targeted to the northern leaders of that generation.

...These elites reverted back to the black man way of thinking as soon as the colonialists exited the country. They used the knowledge they garnered to subjugate their own people and keep them in perpetual slavery of sorts.

Learn to differentiate where to appropriately place your misguided blames.

Why do you guys have to use that ugly picture of Atiku all the time?

Bollinger:
It's really not their fault. The Northern system of govt was more suited to the british. They couldn't control the igbos easily because they had a decentralized system of govt and the yorubas were just plain stubborn at the time. The northern system of govt was very centralized which made it easier for England to control them. They were also less resistant to the british. The mistake the British made was underestimating the power and impact of Islam and the black man mentality else they wouldn't have invested so heavily in them. The British left and pretty much gave a huge chunk of power to the first set of Northern elites they had mentored and trained. These elites reverted back to the black man way of thinking as soon as the colonialists exited the country. They used the knowledge they garnered to subjugate their own people and keep them in perpetual slavery of sorts.

How did the northern elites at that time subjugate their own people and keep them in slavery?