₦airaland Forum

A friend forwarded the message below to me and I cannot but agree with the writer. Please read and write what you think below

Dear Writers, can you help share this to get to the top before it is too late??

Is Self-Isolation the best for Nigeria and Africa at the moment? Let’s look at its end result.

When I listen to Young people that reasons like Seun Kuti, it builds my hope that one day, the narratives will change for good.

Sometimes it seems we write or speak more intelligently than our leaders, it is not so because what we know, they equally know? But this is us telling the raw truth they have refused to tell you and will never tell you because they benefit more from shroud politics and fraudulent leadership, which by all means makes them appear unintelligent. And you as a citizen have not helped matters because you appear to be uninformed as to what your rights are and how to demand for it.

“The People that created social distancing and self isolation against Covid-19 are the Europeans, because, that is what will work for them after putting one or two comprehensive analysis together.

The Chinese didn’t use social distancing and self isolation, they quarantined their people by force, because that is what will work for them at that moment.

But not only that, China were building and putting to use new hospitals every 6days, to help get ahead of the virus, because many Chinese didn't have access to healthcare and they understood what needed to be done which will work for them. Their response was completely Chinese and not African or European, they knew what China needed to move China fast out of the mess and that’s what they did.

So, when the Virus got to Europe and the Europeans looked at their society and came up with social distancing and self isolation because they understood that that approach is what will help Europeans. Europeans don't have communities that are without water, they don’t have communities without Hospitals, Europeans don't live in face-me-I-face-you-houses, some of the homeless they have, they put them in government reserved shelters. Social distancing and self isolation is completely European and Eurocentric response to Covid-19, it is not Chinese response, it is their own Response. Europe doesn't have slumps like where most people live in Aba, Lagos, Onitsha etc with gutters and shanties here and there. They don't have communities without free water and electricity. Thus, Self Isolation became easy.

But People buy water in Africa (Nigeria) to survive, some people don't even have money to buy water. Now the Europeans that asked their people to self isolate, have created different types of funds to put in the pockets of their citizens to sustain them during the Isolation period. But Nigerian medical professionals and politicians are shouting “Self Isolation and social distancing”, how many Nigerians can survive 2weeks without hustling, Without going to the streets to find daily bread?

Buy forcing Nigerians to self isolate without putting anything in their pockets, the government is only asking Nigerians to choose between death by Covid or death by hunger. How have they saved Nigerians by this? This is not a response peculiar to our society.

You don’t bring an European trained doctor to treat malaria in Nigeria, malaria will kill a lot of people under his watch because he have no such experiences. There’s no mosquito in Europe and so, there are no malaria cases for proper experience.

African leaders should be creative and stop the copycat. This is why we have remained slaves to the westerners. Depending on them for everything.

But African leaders all over the continent gives themselves the best in this world. They ride in the best cars, they wear the best cloths, they live in the best homes, access the best hospitals in the world, have the best security, send their children to the best schools in the world. They give themselves world class services with our Commonwealth.

So, who taught you that you don’t have a right to demand for the best services from them? Who put it in your brains that you don't deserve to ask them for world class services? Who put that in your brain? Is it your pastors, your parents, is it the dormant schools you went to? Guys, remove that shit from your brain. Until the people learn to stand up and demand what’s due for them, nothing will change.

This Social distancing and self isolation is not Afrocentric! Is not for Africans and will never work for Africans in this situation should it get out of hands. How are we going to sustain families during this Isolation if the situation gets too tough? This is the window period to think!! Don’t let it hit us before we plan for it.

America with the lowest level of poverty is giving each adult a thousand dollars, (N380,000) but you are comfortable Isolating without food.

Desperate situations requires desperate measures.”

If you like share this till it gets attention, if you don’t like, sit back and wait. Two months in your room, we will know how far.

God will punish some people for excessive gain.

Bought nose make of 50 pieces for N8,000 on Saturday at one Fountain Medical Pharmacy, beside Shoprite, Sangotedo.

By Tuesday they increased the price to N12000.

God will punish some people with excessive gain. This is not a matter of demand and supply....it is wickedness and greediness.

I heard same nose masks used to sell for 500 but now 12000.

God will punish them, that I am sure of.

Lol

The Nigerian part of AJ will make him survive the CV

LordviccoDaGuru:
I support, he is the most useless and Stuipd pastor in the history of the world

Mention one person who stepped into Canaanland and became positive to Coronavirus. If you don't know of one, then SHUT UP FOREVER!

[quote author= post=87742307]SOCIAL DISTANCING is the way to go.

Here is a very good Example of social distancing.........[/quote]Picture speaks volume. Thanks

With this social distancing, some organisations may afford to accommodate more than 20 because of the vast land they have while some organisation may not even be spacious enough for 15 people.

I have watched a documentary from WHO on how the virus infect its victim. I came to a conclusion that beyond hand washing and sanitizing, SOCIAL DISTANCING is the MOST EFFECTIVE preventive measure.

But here is my opinion: Lagos State Government has ban gathering of more than 20. But the fact is that there are some gatherings of LESS THAN 20 where social distancing of at least 1 metre is not OBEYED.

Social distancing should be prioritise above gathering of 20

Some churches for example cannot contain 20 people if 1 metre social distancing is adhered to, meanwhile some MEGA churches may contained more than 100 people comfortably even with 2 metre social distancing.

So what is it about the number 20 that the government reduced it to?? Is it more about the number or the social distancing??

A plot of land should not be compared with an acre or a hectare of land. Social distancing should be prioritise above gathering of any number.

What do you think?

joshjc:
Why did you go for the test,are you coming from any of the high risk country or you had contact with any of the infected patients?
Covid 19 is not malaria that you will walk in into any hospital to perform a test

Please next time, read the post before commenting. Your question shows that you did not comprehend the Op story.

The new buzz word: social distancing.

How do you explain social distancing to a man who has no person car and want to enter public bus?

How do you explain social distancing to a lady who is on the ATM queue?

How do you explain social distancing to a young man who wants to withdraw or deposit money in bank?

How do you explain social distancing for someone who wants to enter BRT buses?

Is social distancing applicable to family members too eg husband and wife?

That is not enough!

The people in any BRT or LAG bus must not be more than 20.

That is the ONLY way we know the state govt is keeping to his own law

Moving across Lagos today, I observed that some LAGBUSES carried more than 50 passengers. Some sat while others stood. In the light of the recent ban of gathering of over 50 people, why is the government not obeying its own law. Why are long buses still carrying over load? Do you think the govt should also ban the long buses or regulate them? Share your experience with LAGBUS

Mateen1000:
I guess you didn’t watch Twin Warriors

U’re the first person I’ve seen dat didn’t put dat movie in Top 3 Jet Li’s Movies

Correct. In fact, I watched it severally that I also know the lines....

itsme01:




They simply took it off shelf to later reintroduce it for an higher price abi no be Nigeria again ... create artificial scarcity while your warehouse is fully loaded then bring the goods out when the price is atleast triple


.

That's exactly my thought. Nigerians like to take advantage of any disadvantage

Lekki

Welcome to Lekki State

mutvy:
It shall not be well with Paul Enenche and other Christians that are lying that only Christians are being killed mean while,you people can start your crusade and stop crying wolf. This threat of war is too much.Just take the bull by the horn and start your crusade.Bunch of unfortunate idiots.

Woe betide you for cursing a man of God!
Quick to hear, slow to speak says the word of God. May the God of Paul Eneche visit you

HacheNoire:
He should start the war.

Why is he telling us.

Afteral, he has the spiritual backing to spearhead a war.

And something must have ministered to him that his church members can defeat the Nigerian Armed Forces.

Atimes, one will wonder if this things we call men of God have brains.

Somebody said you are dumb, and 554 like his post. Only 35 people liked your post. So I guess you can see your post is a reflection of who you are...really dumb

budaatum:
Actually, a person of his calibre should be advising the government instead of this silly protest of his. It's not as if he does not have access to those in power!

Sorry. But I am very not impressed!

Believe, he must have done that many times without seeing results. As an elderstatesman and a spiritual leader, he must have weighed his option very well. Pastor Adeboye is not the type that easy attack govt in the open.

This action must have been from privilege information on what is going on in Aso Rock. Those who think the VP should resign. Think about it, who will become our informant. If the VP resigns and replaced by a northern, don't you think the Southern will suffer more losses?

I've never seen Pastor Adeboye prayed the way he prayed today for Nigeria, so I am expecting a shake up in Nigeria in some days time.

Believe it or not!

Vortex369:
You are thinking with your dick. Some of you think the world begins and ends with sex because you do not even know the purpose of life and why you were born.

When you realize your Life mission, you will not build your life around sex and madness.

How can you be this UNCULTURED? How? I wondered!

Vortex369:
Well, your last line was a question: What I think?

Are you sure you really want to know what I think?

Since you asked for it, then I have to tell you what I think and the reason for my conclusions.

I think you are stupid, and I am not joking. I think you are one of the stupid husbands who have no idea what Fatherhood means and what being a real man in your home entails and how to be a husband to your own wife.

The reason I think you are stupid, is because at this stage in your Life, when your wife is strugggling real hard to bond with the young kids you still are worried about your silly sex life.

You have failed to be an alpha male, a real man, a true husband, who will cuddle his wife and his children and generate happiness for your wife. What bothers you is sex. Do you have any idea that it is sex that brought those children to this world, and when they come, you now sound as if those kids are inconvenience for your silly sex life. Do you even know how silly it sounds?

My advise is that you grow up. Call your wife and kiss her then apologize for complaining about Sex, and move into your bedroom and nurse those children to reach an age of grace.

It is not you that should be complaining of sex dimwit. If your wife needs sex, then become creative, you can make move in the kitchen, bathroom, toilet, under the bed and even at the BQ for a change.

You must not come here and lament about this nonsense again.

Do we not have real men again in this forum that will chastise these Indomie men?

Take charge of your home and bear all inconveniences. Life is not a place for perfect joy and happiness. Embrace the sorrows and pains.

Do you have to insult before you advise him?

Your advice is the cause of many women's woes. A man is telling you is weakness and you are there telling him to be a man. In case you don't know, love for sex, is part and parcel of a real man. Do you know the temptation he goes through everyday? Do you even know if a lady out there is willing to service him for the time being.


Here me correct ladies, NEVER let your children take the place of your HUSBAND. Children are the blessing attached to marriage....your spouse will be there till death do you apart. Learn to balance your attention. Don't let your husband look outside because all your attention has been diverted to children. A child should be able to leave in his room as from the age of 2. By then his brain is already developed.

Truth be told, while others are still waiting for 2022 to start their political campaign, Tinubu is already preparing the ground to his advantage.

Tinubu is a long term planner. He even has a backup plan.

Though I don't like his overbearing and lord of all attitude, he is politically smart

ddippset:
5 Fights I want to see in 2020.

1. Fury versus Wilder. (February)
2. Fury versus Joshua. (April)
3. Joshua versus Wilder. (June)
4. Fury versus Joshua Rematch. (September)
5. Joshua versus Wilder Rematch. (December)


And then we shall all live happily ever after!

They can't fight more than twice a year. There is need for training and recovering from last fight. A minimum of 4-5 months is required before another match

ofemigeorge:
rubbish fight ....
joshua is over rated...
running up and down .....
taking cheap shoot .....
where is wilder abeg come show this Aj boy what boxing is all about.


his legs where shaking at at andy punch....


gone are the days of real aggressive boxing... tyson and co....
now pancake boys have taken over the game....


rubbish

You don't know much about boxing. Joshua was careful and discipline. If he had not, Ruiz would have beaten him. That is dancing (movement) style like Muhammad Alli really helped him because Ruiz found it difficult to concentrate hence, he could not throw a blow. Every battle requires a strategy

[quote author= post=84609407]Lol
Sorry about that too.
For now we don't do Kilishii and Suya (We will try to enrol in the University of Suya at Ikeja, Lagos after the festive season).
The Alhajis (Professors) in that university make the best Suya in town!

Meanwhile,
Barbecue Chicken and fish on the way paddy.

****************** ******************** ******************

Now, Talking about speaking out,
Be ready to read the LONG post we are about to tell you,
You asked for it man.
It is for you and any Sane Nigerians that have the time to read.
Not for children of hate, perdition and frustration.
Cos they will be so sad and mad with their miserable selves if they dare to read this!

We do speak out,
Our only issues are with those who are intentionally blind and dead to the positive things going on around the country, the ones that bitterness and hatred rule on their heart for the President 24 hours of the day.
We know and respect genuine critics when we see them,
People like Omotola and few others who spoke up when some things were not done in the proper way......

We are not against critics who are genuinely concerned about a better Nigeria,
You will know them because when they see good efforts of government they applaud.

But the others, the one who swore on their lives Buhari will never be president, the enemies of the nation, are the ones we are talking about. The following are their traits:

* They lie and mislead others with statements as 'I regret voting Buhari', etc a cliche they started using as early as few months into the Buhari government. To them it doesn't matter that the last government looted the treasury and Buhari met an empty treasury...they will say 'we voted him because he said he will change the nation in '3 months? (Don't bother to ask for proof, lying is their trademark)

* They are the one who swore on their father's head that Buhari died in Aso rock, and later in UK. Then they said the Buhari that returned to Nigeria is a clone (duplicate) and you still take cognizance of what comes out of these peoples mouth.

* They were the ones who said 8 years was not enough for OBJ, and 6 not enough for GEJ etc They are the thieves and looters- beneficiaries of corruption.
They are either the full time politicians, corrupt civil servants, journalists, bankers, fraudulent contractors, religious businessmen etc...
It's no longer business as usual, so they pretend that they are fighting for ordinary Nigerians!!

* When you remind them of how corruption in last government has ruined the nation....they ask you to stop talking about the past

* When you say Buhari is a man of integrity and his fighting corruption...they say his son has a power bike and one of his daughter just graduated with first class from a foreign university!
Can you imagine that?!

* When Evans the kidnapper say something against Buhari, he becomes an hero. When you say their heroes and spokespersons lack integrity (IBB, OBJ, Fayose, FFK, Saraki, GEJ, etc)...then they say look at the message not the messenger (what meaningful words do the robber want to utter?)

*They are not interested in any development in Nigeria, if it means ascribing any success to PMB.

* Every good news of the nation brings them sadness, and they remain quiet until another bad news crops up

* If you tell them Buhari is building over 300 roads all over Nigeria, they say it is a lie, something they can see and read about!

* Tell them Buhari is developing the rail system all over Nigeria, they say it is not his initiative that Obasanjo and GEJ had plans to do it.

* Inform them about the agricultural revolution how Nigeria now produces its local food and has become a foremost world exporter of food, they say it is Obasanjo that started Operation feed the nation in the 70s (God have mercy!!!)

* When you say Buhari is working to completing abandoned projects, over 8000 nationwide (Mambila hydro power, Ajaokuta Steel Plant etc), they say it is because he has no program of his own!

* Refute their allegations that Buhari is tribalistic with how his ministerial cabinets now (and as military head of state) had more Christians than Muslims, and how powerful ministries were being run by southerners...they hold their breath and in the next statement still repeat the allegation (it is an obsession)

* They say Buhari is vindictive..., but no state or region has been denied their share of development projects irrespective of whether they support PMB government or not. He has taken 13 BILLION water project to Otuoke in GEJs village Bayelsa, N22 BILLION road to Atikus village in Adamawa, reconstruction of Lagos Abeokuta expressway to OBJs state, the 2nd Niger Bridge etc to the east, the massive investment and redevelopment of the Niger-Delta etc are part of the proof of PMBs fairness to all

* When the clampdown on corruption started, they said only southerners are being harassed, when Dasuki etc were arrested they say it is only PDP; when Saraki was taken to court they say it is because he is in opposition; when former governors and APC members were jailed (Dariye and Nyame ) they say it was PDP that started the probe..??

* When EFCC is investigating the massive investments and dollars accounts of Mrs Patience Jonathan, Alison Maduekwe etc.... they say it is political harassment and you should bring proof of corruption. But when they bring scandalously stupid allegations like Buhari has bought the national stadium etc and you ask for proof ....they say you are a fanatic.

* Tell them how the threats of IPOB, Niger Delta were curtailed, they say it is a clampdown on Igbo's and southerners; remind them of how the menace of El Zakyzaky and his Shiites group of the norths have been curbed.... they say it is coercion.

* Remind them how the dreaded Boko Haram has been chased away from the States that they use to control in the north and how normalcy is returning to those part of the country..
before when you see a polythene bag on the streetof Abuja, everyone Start running helter skelter, nobody was free to go to church again on sunday morning in the last years of Jonathan.. but now, nothing of such anymore.. they will still refer to the occasional suicide bombings as proof that nothing is achieved.

Tell them how it has been impossible for even almighty US etc to totally stop suicide bombings ..... they retort 'are you now comparing this 'S**t nation to US' (Of course not, US do not have plenty bad belle-hypocrites as them as citizens)

* Tell them how herdsmen killings preceded PMB, and how many non Fulani herdsmen have been arrested by the army for killings, including a personal aide to Governor Ortom, and how since such arrests the killings have subside.... they still in the next statement like a broken record refer to Buhari as promoting herdsmen killers.

* Tell them about the resuscitation of the mambila project, the Ajaokuta steel project, etc, they say it is a lie
* Show them videos and pictures of ongoing development nationwide, they say its photo and video shop (??)

* Tell them how Buhari stopped the BILLION DOLLARS fertiliser scam and how in its place 11 local fertiliser companies were revived resulting in Nigeria producing for its local needs...they say 'how does that translates to food for the common man?' (Kai ba sense?!!!)

* When Buhari agreed to pay 88 BILLION compensation to Biafrans victims, granted autonomy to state judiciary, supports local government autonomy, recognised MKO and June 12 they say it is politics. (And like the daughter of our Hero of democracy said, if Buhari does not play politics, should he play chemistry?)

* They say Nigeria don't want Buhari, and he will lose the election landslide, and they are writing hypocrirical letters that he should not contest (Do they want to save him from disgrace ni, abi what's there own? (Jokers : jesters all of them)

* To them the National Assembly members used to be all (APC) rogues, but now without doing any good thing but because they now oppose PMB they have become their heroes; from the clown Dino, to the Michael Jackson of Osun, the stupendously corrupt and wealthy Saraki, Mark, Dogara etc ( Its a case of show me your friend/hero/and I know what kind of person you are).
It is good to know the charlatans have been pushed out and voted out by their own constituencies.

* Buhari has refused like previous governments to bribe legislators to do their duties, and since their dirty strategies is no longer working they have become a stumbling block to progress...the wailers will say if it was OBJ he would have dealt with them. (But if he had use any other means they will say he is undemocratic; two sided mouth people)
Again, It is good to know the charlatans have been pushed out and voted out by their own constituencies.

* If you call a thief by its name, they will say how can you be insulting an honourable, a distinguished senator, a former president who has fought poverty through farming etc, but
hear them when they refer to Mr president, 'the man is a m***n, he is brain dead, he's bubu, he's a clone, he is d*ft' etc.

But this man has proven to be better than them all, he has refused to respond to the tantrums of their bosses, the OBJs, IBB, etc Like a true soldier he marches on with the good works, and God has been his defense.

* When you show some of them the unparalleled efforts of this government in development compared to all the past governments, then you will hear....well he has tried but I still don't like him, he is too old, he is slow, he is unintelligent, he is not outspoken etc... (#%@€¥ Perfect human beings all of them mtchew)

This is the point where you will be able to confirm that these are people whose concern is not Nigeria's development. Whose problem with Buhari is not performance but personal hatred, more because they have been used to the corrupt way of life they lived with for 16 looting years.

This is why nothing tangible will be achieved if you engage them in any developmental discussion, when their concern is wotowoto-pettiness.

So Sane Nigerians, Kindly Avoid arguments over Buhari's use of language, age etc, keep sending them the good news, project reports and achievements of government, and gradually you help bring them back to reality:

In conclusion let us quote their most used cliche:

" We have never had it so bad"

Yes by Gods grace this government will continue to be a thorn in the flesh of those who for their selfish interest do not want things to change in Nigeria

For the rest of good Nigerians, Buhari's time is our time, let us be steadfast in support of our nation.
It will forever be good for us all.


God bless our Darling President.
God bless Nigeria

We Rise![/quote]He who comes to equity must come with clean hands.
You forgot to mention how Buhari led govt looked away from Ganduje corruption video

You also forgot to tell us how the judiciary has been handicapped and courts orders bolded disregarded.

You forgot to tell Nigerians that nothing targeted at APC now that APC members never did to PDP government when in power.

You forget to tell us that the president now has absolute power to pick which law and court orders to obey

You forgot to tell us how Akpabio became a saint overnight by joining APC.

You fail to accept the fact that those who are ruling the country now were the same people who had ruled the country before and president Buhari only knows as much as what he is told by his corrupt associate. Dear, let's reason together....what will become of Nigeria when Buhari leaves office.

Is the APC govt building systems or destroying them? Let us be sincere

seunajia:
You are not very bright. You would join them in jail if I had the chance. Eejit.

I am very sure you are very emotional. It is expected. But sound judgement cannot be made by emotion.


According to Sahara reporters, the victim was calling them "runs girls" and so they decided to descend on her. I am sure she would have learnt to mind her business. However, this is not to justify the actions of the assaulters. They deserved to be punished.

Yes one full academic year of suspension should be enough. Not expulsion from the University.

Most of the students who were expelled do not go back home, rather they stay around to join cult, steal, rape and look for every means to cause problem in the society.


You are right from your perspective but if you decide to look from my perspective you will agree with me that those students need not be expelled.

What becomes of their future? What will they learn from their mistakes? Is one year suspension not enough to make them know that their actions where wrong?

Is the university created for people with good characters or created to build good character in her students?

I am ashamed at such a decision.

You want to destroy the lives of 5 students because of just one incident.

The university is supposed to be a place where young minds are trained to be better.

It is better they had disciplined them in whatever measure than expelling them.

Will expelling the students make them better citizens.

The deed has been done.....corrective discipline should be enforced, not destructive ones.

plaindealer:
The case against her are based on the crimes she commited while in office, not about her being rich or not.

What crimes was committed by Tinubu while in office as a public official?

Stop confusing yourself.




Show proof of what Tinubu stole




It is not against the law for banks and financial institutions to transport valuables to and from customers.



All the business people like you attributed to him are all legitimate business, including Intels he bought from Atiku.



Only uncivilized people in uncivilized countries make accusations that they can not back up with facts.

It is necessary for you to defend your pay master either because he is your hero or because you profit from him. But one day, you will come back to realisation that you have been supporting a very corrupt man.

Have you read the report of the Alphabeta MD Mr Dara Oladapo who told EFCC that his company was ripping Lagos state off and that he petition EFCC to come and investigate his company but they refuse to ACT. Simply because the owner of the company his untouchable.

For all of you who continue to support these corrupt people and make them feel they are doing the right thing. I commit you all into the hands of God

Hello Op

I was once in your shoes. It can be depressing when you set a target for yourself from the beginning and could not meet the set target after a lot of discipline, self denial and hardwork. But do not worry.

I plan to graduate with a first class but graduated with a CGPA of 4.36. It was not my fault as the school system was unfavourable to me partly due to the fact that I was a direct entry student from the polytechnic and also due to wrong computation of my results all through the year of study until final year. Even the school result and my department results did not tally.

I was mad at myself for having a 4.36 but just like you who think ahead. Since I knew I could not graduate with a first class.....I used my final year to take up so many leadership positions which make my CV very competitive with first class graduate. It makes me a well rounded person.

I was the drama coordinator in my school fellowship. (This shows my creative and artistic side)

I was the fellowship bus and building committee chairman (this shows I can be trusted and can deliver result )

I was the head of committee set up to organise departmental week (this shows I am organised and a team player)

I was one of the agents for departmental election
(This shows I am politically inclined)

After all said and done. I don't use 4.36 in my CV but rather put CGPA of 87.2%

I hope you can draw some strength from this.

Don't be depressed what is yours will be yours

Was Alison Diezani not rich before she became petroleum minister?

Is Sagay saying that a rich man cannot steal from the commonwealth? If the chairman of a committee that should be fighting corruption is talking like this, where lies the hope of the common man.


Is it now lawful for any citizen to use bullion van?

Can Sagay list the legitimate businesses of Tinubu?

In a civilised country where the heads of the citizens are correct....Sagay would have been FORCED to resign for speaking on behalf of an accused corrupt man without investigation

Joke of the century

Hmmm...this was the man that campaigned for Buhari in 2014.

He wrote a publication on a national dailies titled The Seventy Sins of Buhari during Buhari's 70th birthday .....meanwhile the content of the write up was to justify all the actions of Buhari.

I fell for his write up then, today we know better.

God punish devil

Based on my observations, no youth will ever want to be associated with Singles Fellowship but rather Youth Fellowship.

What I'm talking about seem to be peculiar to RCCG.

I've attended several RCCG parishes and I can say that their youth programmes are mainly organized and attended by singles ONLY except few married youths who are bold not to follow the trend