StudentofTruth's Posts
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I'm so happy for these kids! |
I haven't really had time to comment on the farmers-herders crisis, but I think this Hitler topic is a reminder to an important aspect in the crisis that nobody talks about — the universal call to always nip megalomania in the bud. The world is always united in stopping a megalomaniac! Peace is a beautiful thing universally desired. Most humans abide by the principle of "respect for each person's property", but there always comes a few suffering from megalomania, who think they can lord it over others! History has always shown us the need to never let such people have their way! You don't appease such people in the name of peace; they will only interpret it as a sign of weakness and get emboldened the more! Chamberlain's appeasement of Hitler and Hitler's subsequent actions is a lesson for all to learn from. So, my advice to Southern leaders, who genuinely seek the noble course of peace, is to learn from Hitler vs. Chamberlain! And the wise king says: “If you want peace, prepare for war!” The only way to have peace with a megalomaniac is to be ready for him! A megalomaniac understands only one language: power! A word is enough for the wise! I rest my case. |
Evicsholar:I will excuse you because you may not know how Nigerian labs test for SS. They test for the manifestation of the genotype and not the genotype itself. The problem is that they don't know that beta thalassemia can manipulate the manifestation of AS genotype by rendering the A component of the HbAS gene inactive. What you get is that only the HbS component will be producing hemoglobins, and those are S-hemoglobins, which get sickled as usual. So, the child manifests as an SS but his genotype is AS. So, knowing what lab scientists test for and the confusion that arises from it, it's the duty of the attending doctor to interpret the situation with knowledge of the genetics behind it. It's unfortunate that the only thing Nigerians do is test and results, without knowing what the test is about, and funny enough, they don't take it to a doctor to interpret! Nobody passes through medical school without encountering this case in hematology — it's kind of mandatory, knowing that our labs can only make do with the equipment at their disposal. They can only do the type of test they can do. It's left for the doctor to know the limit of the lab test and interpret it correctly, drawing from his knowledge and experience! Follow that link and read the full explanation that answer all the valid questions, including why she repeated her genotype tests. SCD is not the only hereditary recessive blood disorder. Beta thalassemia runs in her family, but she thought it was SCD. Even the Op later confirmed that! |
pragmatistm:The woman is AA: that last result done after the child was assumed SS for having sickled cells cannot be trusted. It's done with a bias! The baby is AS but is manifesting SCA as though he's an SS because the beta thalassemia gene rendered the HbA gene inactive. As a result, only the HbS gene was producing hemoglobins, which, of course, are sickled. The lab scientist seeing many sickled cells in the kids blood, assumed that the kid's genotype SS. The key error was using a phenotype test to conclude that the child is SS, which made them to start questioning the woman's AA results! |
pragmatistm:The gbosa is not necessary. My annoyance is that the people we're trying to enlighten, don't want to be enlightened. I have tried to explain it with different grammar, but they aren't having it. I leave them to their ignorance! |
pragmatistm:You see: In the thread I created to explain the case, I made mention of being aware of a possible hereditary blood disorder in her lineage but unknowingly assuming it's SCD — the reason for her repeat genotype tests. |
pragmatistm:The problem with Nairaland folks is not just ignorance but the refusal to unlearn and relearn. The explanation is simply enough: the woman (AA) passed a beta thalassemia gene to the child, which makes the child (though AS genotype) to manifest sickle cell anemia (SCA). Ordinarily, AS don't manifest SCA, but in the child's case, the beta thalassemia gene rendered the A hemoglobin inactive, so only the S hemoglobin was producing. The end result is an AS child manifesting SCA, as though he's an SS. |
Malawian:In terms of the genotype, that woman's kid is AS but is manifesting as SS because the beta thalassemia gene renders the A component of the HbAS gene inactive. So, it's only the S component that is producing hemoglobins, which are, unfortunately, sickled! In the child's blood sample, the lab scientist would see plenty sickled cells and erroneously conclude that the genotype is SS. In other words, the error, here, is using a phenotypic test to make a conclusion on genotype! |
Malawian:I'm a doctor; I understand what you are trying to say. Neither you nor your brother is down with thalassemia but can pass it on to some of your kids. I created this thread to explain the case. https://www.nairaland.com/6391907/hemoglobin-issues#98598813 Regarding your explanation, you are getting it mixed up already. Of course, it's expected since you are not a medical person. But I'm glad your brother is smart enough not to accuse his wife of paternity fraud, given that he's the one with AA while the wife is AS. Coming to the condition itself: Beta thalassemia and SCD are 2 distinct blood hereditary (recessive) diseases that are inherited independently. For SCD, there can be AA, AS (a carrier), and SS (manifests SCA). For beta thalassemia, one can be a non-carrier (no beta thalassemia gene), a carrier (one beta thalassemia gene, like you and your brother), diseased (2 beta thalassemia genes and manifesting moderate or severe disease) Thus, for each to manifest, the person must have both copies of the bad gene for that disease. But in some situations, a carrier of both diseases can manifest SCA — as it's the case with the child in this index case and your brother's child too — because the beta thalassemia gene stops the production of hemoglobin. Let me explain: The child is AS but, at the same time, has a beta thalassemia gene on one allele (gene copy). Unfortunately, it's the same allele that contribute the A component of the HbAS combination of hemoglobin. So, the normal hemoglobin A is not adequately produced. The other allele that is not inactivated by the beta thalassemia gene produces hemoglobin S, which sickles. So, the child's blood will be full of sickled hemoglobins, and the labs would erroneously tag it SS. The problem here is using a phenotypic test to make a genotype conclusion! Coming back to what you said about AA vs. AA knocking out beta thalassemia: As I explained earlier, the AA thing is about SCD and not about beta thalassemia. Of course, AA vs. AA can prevent an AS offspring, which invariably takes away the possibility of having the beta thalassemia gene causing an AS to manifest as an SS. However, AA vs. AA can still have a child with beta thalassemia if each of those AA individuals is a beta thalassemia carrier (each has a beta thalassemia gene) because the beta thalassemia gene is inherited independently of the SCD's A/S genes! I hope you understand it now! |
Malawian:It is a recessive disorder, so she only has the gene (a carrier) — She's not down with the disease. |
Malawian:Read again. I explained it further. A carrier doesn't manifest the disease but can pass it on to the offspring. |
Malawian:She doesn't have beta thalassemia per say, but she's most likely a carrier of beta thalassemia! A carrier doesn't manifest the disease but can pass it on to the offspring, which is what happened in this case. Unfortunately, the husband also passed on a sickle cell gene to the same offspring. The combination of the beta thalassemia gene and sickle cell gene caused the child to manifest SCA, even though s/he is only AS. The beta-thalassemic HbA gene cannot produce much hemoglobin, while the HbS gene produces sickled hemoglobins. |
In response to this thread: https://www.nairaland.com/6391103/undetected-sickle-celler It is possible the woman is AA, but she's most likely a beta thalassemia carrier, which most Nigerian labs don't test for! The child inherited a HbS gene from the father and a beta thalassemia gene from the mother. Here's what is likely going on in the child: The thalassemic Hb gene from the mother cannot produce any reasonable hemoglobin. The HbS gene from the father produces sickled hemoglobin. The end result is the child having sickled hemoglobin in his/her blood, which Nigerian labs would tag SS. But, genetically, the child is HbAS with an inactive (beta thalassemic) HbA component and an active HbS component! Some of you are wondering why the woman did the SCD test 5x and 2x again during antenatal: Well, someone might have had a hemoglobinopathy (beta thalassemia) in her family, which she, just like any of you here, might have thought was sickle cell anemia. So, she wanted to be sure she doesn't have it. Obviously, she doesn't have the beta thalassemia, but unfortunately, she's a carrier. The point is, SCD is not the only hemoglobinopathy (hereditary blood disorder); there are others like beta thalassemia, which are also recessive. When a carrier of SCD (AS) marries an AA who's a beta thalassemia carrier, they can have an AS child that manifests as SS because the HbA component habeen rendered inactive by the beta thalassemia gene! Regarding the woman's latest test that showed AS: The result cannot be trusted! The principle of "when you know what you are looking for, that's what you will find" was most likely at play there. It's a very important principle in medicine, which is why in clinical trials to ascertain the effectiveness of a drug, researchers do a double blind randomized study — both the doctor and the patients don't know who's receiving the real drug and who's receiving the placebo so as to remove the effects of biases. My point is, the lab scientist who did the last test (which was after the child tested positive for sickled hemoglobin) was already biased. S/he knew what they're looking for and that's what s/he gave as the result. I would rather trust the previous 7 tests than trust that last test. To clear the doubt, a new test (possibly HB electrophoresis) must be done by a new lab without prior knowledge of the situation! @Ishilove, please put this on the front page so that people can learn and stop castigating the woman. She's lucky that she wasn't the AS and her husband AA; if not, she would have been accused of paternity fraud while innocent! |
deavicky:Don't insult when you don't understand something. There are situations where you have beta thalassemia HbS combination at play. The child could have inherited the beta thalassemia gene from the HbAA mother and a HbS gene from the HbAS father! I believe that's what the person you quoted was referring to. |
Norski15:The woman is lucky; there's no ground for paternity fraud. If not, she would have been accused of that, even though she might be innocent. Paternity issue could only arise if it's the other way around: Woman HbAS and Husband HbAA. |
Evicsholar:The latest results cannot be trusted. The principle of "when you know what you are looking for, that's what you will find" was most likely at play there. It's a very important principle in medicine, which is why in clinical trials to ascertain the effectiveness of a drug, researchers do a double blind randomized study — both the doctor and the patients don't know who's receiving the real drug and who's receiving the placebo so as to remove the effects of biases. My point is, the lab scientist who did the last test (which was after the child tested positive for sickled hemoglobin) was already biased. S/he knew what they're looking for and that's what s/he gave as the result. I would rather trust the previous 7 tests than trust that last test. To clear the doubt, a new test (possibly HB electrophoresis) must be done by a new lab without prior knowledge of the situation! |
Ishilove:The principle of "when you know what you are looking for, that's what you will find" was most likely at play in that last test. The lab scientist was already expecting a result. I would rather accept those previous 7 tests. She can be HbAA but has a beta thalassemia gene. That is, she's a beta thalassemia carrier. The baby inherited her beta thalassemia gene, which could not produce hemoglobins. Unfortunately, the other hemoglobin gene the child inherited from the father is HbS, which produces sickled hemoglobins! |
obinoral1179:As a professional, I would rather believe those seven tests than that last one done after the child tested positive for sickled hemoglobin. The principle of "when you know what you are looking for, that's what you will find" was most likely at play in that last test. |
Ishilove:Can I create a thread to explain what may have happened in that case so that people can learn. I will like you to move it to the front page when I do. |
Ofadaman:She might not be. She could be telling the truth about being HbAA. But then, she could be a beta thalassemia carrier! |
pragmatistm:It is possible the woman is AA but also most likely a beta thalassemia carrier, which most Nigerian labs don't test for! The child inherited a HbS gene from the father and a beta thalassemia gene from the mother. Here's what is likely going on in the child: The thalassemic Hb gene from the mother cannot produce any reasonable hemoglobin. The HbS gene from the father produces sickled hemoglobin. The end result is the child having sickled hemoglobin in his/her blood, which Nigerian labs would tag SS. But, genetically, the child is HbAS with an inactive (beta thalassemic) HbA component and an active HbS component! Some of you are wondering why she did test 5x and 2x again during antenatal: Well, someone may have had a hemoglobinopathy (beta thalassemia) in her family, which she, just like any of you here, might have thought was sickle cell anemia. So, she wanted to be sure she doesn't have it. Obviously, she doesn't have the beta thalassemia, but unfortunately, she's a carrier. The point is, SCD is not the only hemoglobinopathy; there are others like beta thalassemia, which are also recessive. When a carrier of SCD (AS) marries an AA who's a beta thalassemia carrier, they can have an AS child that manifests as SS because the HbA component is inactive! Regarding the woman's latest test that showed AS: The result cannot be trusted! The principle of "when you know what you are looking for, that's what you will find" was most likely at play there. It's a very important principle in medicine, which is why in clinical trials to ascertain the effectiveness of a drug, researchers do a double blind randomized study — both the doctor and the patients don't know who's receiving the real drug and who's receiving the placebo so as to remove the effects of biases. My point is, the lab scientist who did the last test (which was after the child tested positive for sickled hemoglobin) was already biased. S/he knew what they're looking for and that's what s/he gave as the result. I would rather trust the previous 7 tests than trust that last test. To clear the doubt, a new test (possibly HB electrophoresis) must be done by a new lab without prior knowledge of the situation! This being on this page, I'm concerned that most people won't see it. @Ishilove, you can create a thread with the information here and put it on the front page so that people can learn and stop castigating the woman. She's lucky that she wasn't the AS and her husband AA; if not, she would have been accused of paternity fraud while innocent! |
Born2conquer:I thought I'm the only one noticing that. The frustration, anger, and bitterness are too much. It's well! |
Born2conquer:Fact! |
zudozz:GME is the ticker symbol of this company, GameStop Corp, on the New York Stock Exchange. The company is an American video game, consumer electronics, and gaming merchandise retailer. The company's stock has been powering of recent. |
Draslo:That's another thing. I don't know why the regulators keep allowing those musicians to release songs that glorify crime. Those songs make our youths, and even the teenagers and under 10s to see crime as a way of life. The effects of those useless songs is unimaginable. It has changed the believe system of our youths to the extent that they don't believe they can do anything legitimately online apart from crime! It's too bad! The country should wake up and start changing their orientation now! When they know that there are legitimate ways to make money online, many of them won't choose crime! |
Born2conquer:I completely agree with you. That's why I call them unintelligent agency. Instead of spying the online space and doing a comprehensive investigation before making an arrest, they base their intelligence on a tip off by jealous neighbors. In other words, what they call intelligence is a profiling done by an ignorant jealous neighbor! Just like you stated, there are a lot of things someone can do to make a good living from home. A badass programmer can easily make 7-8 digits per month working from the comfort of his home. What about professionals? I know a pharmacist that makes 7 digits per month working from home as a scientific editor for a journal. The world has gone digital, and depending on the kind of work a person does, he can work from home! Admittedly, there's an upsurge of online fraud, especially from the people in the D, E, F category of youths. Right from their school days, they pack Ds, Es, and Fs — even the Es and Ds were made from cheating. It's that same cheating that they carried to the real world, glorifying crime so much that you begin to wonder whether they really have nothing to offer to the world. With all the problems in the world looking for solutions, rather than find the ones they can solve and get handsomely rewarded, they choose to become the problems themselves, proving the teachers that scored them Fs right — that they really have nothing to offer! I completely in support getting these useless elements out of the way! But the problem is the unintelligent and blanket approach, where anyone making a good living working from home with a computer is tagged a fraudster. It's so dangerous that, just as you stated, our intelligent A-grade youths who are legitimately leveraging the digital revolution to solve problems and make a good living for themselves may emigrate to better countries where the system efficiently sieve the chaff from the seeds. I will keep calling on EFCC to change their ways and do things the right way. If not, the country's economy will suffer it! I rest my case. |
post=98502721:It's horrible and I blame our unintelligent EFCC for it. FBI nabbed huspy via Instagram and Invictus via Nairaland and Instagram. Even DSS track people via social media platforms, but EFCC can't monitor our online space and social media to take this miserable criminals out. What is so difficult about that? If DSS can do it, why can't EFCC? The can even liaise with Google and Facebook, who are already spying on us. Just murmur I need new shoes, and the next time you go online, shoe ads will fill everywhere. EFCC can liaise with them to monitor our online space. |
Gerrard59:At least, there are still people with cerebral cortex! |
Thank God I found this thread. Welldone guys. Hopefully, I will start by next month. Meanwhile, if you are knowledgeable about stocks, bonds, ETFs, etc. and can write very well, please DM. You can make some side income researching and writing about these assets. |
Rules7:It's a pity what happened to the young man. May he rest in peace and may God console the family. Our dangerous country has taken one of her own again. From the heartless robbers to the wicked police officers and the ignorant health workers, everything is a manifestation of our poor system. No emergency services that could be called to the scene, poorly trained police, and dangerous hospitals — sometimes it feels like being a Nigerian is a crime on its own. May we never condemn our offsprings to the green passport alone! |
Slackerpenguin2:You are missing the entire point. Individuals don't perform abortion on themselves; they go to the hospitals to get that done. Now, here's the thing: If pro-abortionists go to pro-abortion hospitals to get that done and pays with their money, there will be no issues whatsoever. The problem arises when they go to a conservative hospital for abortion and sue the hospital if the conservative doctor (because of faith/conscience) refuse to perform the abortion. Another aspect of the problem is where a pro-abortionist is working for a conservative institution and wants the institution to pay for abortion as a part of her health insurance — what follows is an expensive court process. It's not an issue of choice or no choice. It's not that simple. Real human right allows a conservative to not partake in what he doesn't like. If only the liberals can respect that, the world would be a better place. |
lawalosky:What about those of us who have done the NIN thing many years ago. I went to NIMC office on the 24th December, and they confirmed the number and asked me to send it to the network operators I'm using (Airtel and MTN), which I did using the code and SMS method on that 24th. Yesterday, I dialed the *346#, and the response was that my record could not be found. What do I need to do? |
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studentoftruth what your take on this man