₦airaland Forum

SilverNorGold:
My sister, the emboldened, quite funny... Not evidence you're Hausa. You should try something else. Are you a southerner married to a Hausa? Are you one of those southerners, like Kaduna1stSon, Yenefer, etc. pretending to be Northerners? You should try something else, my sister. Nobody be mumu here.

God bless Nigeria.

Yenefer is a Fulani girl.

TAO11:
I’d try.

This would get technical, but I trust that you would be able to follow through.


In the light of my earlier comment, the popular idea that the name “Yoruba” originated from some alleged derogatory remark by Sultan Bello - blah-blah - actually has no leg to stand on.

The name “Yoruba” (in reference to Yoruba-speaking peoples) is evidently more antique than the first Fulani emirate in our region. This is evident from the 1600s Timbuktu writings which makes reference to this name.

As has been shown, the name “Yoruba” (in reference to the Yoruba-speaking peoples) predates the 1600s — to have been a well-known pre-existing name in as far as Mali since the early 1600s.

Now, given these two backgrounds, namely: 1) the false-exogeneity of this name, and 2) its considerable antiquity; it logically follows then that any attempt at its etymological components need not be a 100% certainty — and that is okay for an antique name from a pre-literate society.

In fact, many literate cultures do not have a 100% certainty whatsoever as per the etymological components of their “groups’ names”, and that’s okay too. These names are also antique — e.g. “London”, “Japan”, amongst innumerable others.

The fairest possible original one may then arrive at for the present-day indigenous name, “Yoruba”, is via one or both of the following approaches:

1) A careful consideration of the syllabic-components of the present-day name in the light of the relevant historical and linguistic realities.

2) An examination of what the received traditions have to say regarding the etymology of the name — if any such received traditions on its etymology exist.

Starting with the second:
Actually, some received traditions exist regarding the etymological components of the name “Yoruba”.

The Reverend Samuel Ajayi Crowther, in the 1800s, collected a tradition from among the Egbas which says that an earlier phrase from which this name arises is the phrase: “Ori Obba”.

I am yet to lay my hands on the material itself. I got this from a secondary source which has proven to me to be 100% trustworthy.

I am thus not yet able to access any further remark he may have passed regarding this account which he got from the Egbas.


Regarding the first:
I have to begin with a disclaimer. I do not claim to have originally come up with this observation.

However, I did expound it beyond the very cursory highlight which was noted by its author; the columnist, Farouk Martins Omo Aresa.

Within the name “Yoruba”, Omo Aresa spotted the key components: Oyo & Oba — “OYO-OBA, OYO-ROBA”.

He remarked briefly on how this flows from Yoruba orikis, and he expressed a subtle regret on how this has gone unnoticed by many.

Now, I find this view to be highly explanatory not merely because of those two components.

Rather, those two components fit very nicely with the relevant historical and linguistic facts.

Firstly, the phrase: “Oyo is the King” (in the sense of Oyo as the new sheriff in town) fits perfectly with the fact that “Oyo” was the core Yoruba polity which succeeded Ife after Ife’s military and commercial decline in the early/mid-1400s.

~ Robin Horton, (1979), p. 141.

Secondly, this phrase: “Oyo is the King” (which by all available indications is rooted in an endogenous Oyo attitude) apparently continued as Oyo gradually transformed into an empire whose territories began to include other Yoruba kingdoms from the late-1500s after the return of Oyo’s capital back to Oyo-Ile following the departure from Oyo-Igboho.

Thirdly, having began to dominate other Yoruba kingdoms from the late-1500s; the phrase “Oyo is the king” must therefore have taken the shape of a proper appellation which is no longer restricted only to the Oyo-subgroup of the Yorubas.

This explains Ahmad Baba’s reference to the name “Yoruba” (as a group’s name — rather than a fraction of a group) in the year 1615. His reference indicates a well-known pre-existing group name.

This also explains why (in the early 1800s) many former Oyo tributaries (after their independence from Oyo) initially refused to re-adopt this apparently ‘hegemonic’ group name.

Fourthly, turning to the linguistic angle; it may seem unrealistic that a Yoruba translation of the phrase, “Oyo is the King”, would come any close to the name “Yoruba”.

Yes, without a careful and deep consideration, the translation “Oyo ni Oba” is all one would get from the phrase: “Oyo is the King”.

And that doesn't seem anywhere close to the name “Yoruba” — especially considering the fact that “ni” is the Yoruba equivalent of the English word “is”.

So, while the historical side appears consistent all along so far; the linguistic angle seems to suggest a grave hole which demolishes this explanation.

But as will soon be seen, there is actually no linguistic hole at all in this explanation.

Fifthly, the translation of the word “is” (in the phrase: “Oyo is the king” ) as “ni” (in Yoruba language) actually ignores a key fact.

This translation ignores the fact that the present-day Yoruba equivalent of “is” (which is “ni“ ) was not unchanging over the centuries up till present-day.

For example, the (1800s) writings of Rev. Samuel Crowther shows the word “li” to be a Yoruba equivalent of the English word “is” in the 1800s.

In the light of this 1800s fact, the phrase: “Oyo is the King” would have been translated as “Oyo li Oba” using the 1800s’ realities.

If this was the evolving reality between the 1800s and now; what then would have been the Yoruba equivalent of “is” in the actual period of our interest — i.e. the 1400s and the 1500s??

To delve into this distant past of our language, recourse has to be made to an established fact in linguistic analysis, which is that:

(1) The present differentiated dialects of a language were actually more undifferentiated and more uniform the farther back in time you go.

In specific terms, all the present-day dialectal differentiations of the Yoruba language were actually more undifferentiated 100 years ago. And they are even more undifferentiated 200 years ago, and so forth into the past.

This linguistic fact would soon prove to be very useful for our deconstruction and regress.

(2) In addition to the foregoing linguistic fact, another observation among present-day Yoruba dialects which would also prove very useful is the fact that some Yoruba dialects have proven very, very stable over time.

These relatively stable dialects are those which must be resorted to in order to reasonably unravel what the Yoruba language must have uniformly sounded like many centuries ago.

These ‘stable’ dialects are found along the southern, eastern and south-eastern Yoruba frontiers. To be very precise, some of them are the Ijebu and the Itsekiri dialects of the Yoruba language, among others in the region.

This is well-known to linguists, but to spotlight some instances of this fact; some Yoruba words are alive till date among all Yorubas, but only in usage — their meanings have generally been lost to time.

However, these words are preserved intact till date in both usage and meaning in the Ijebu dialect for example.

The Yoruba word ”Ùwà”, as in “Alaiyeluwa”, is an example in this regard. It is a considerably antique Yoruba word.

Another category are Yoruba words whose usage are generally lost and even replaced by other words — but only remembered to have once been in use.

The Yoruba word “Olùkù” which has been completely replaced by another word (though remembered to have once been in use) is an example in this regard.

This word is still alive in meaning and in everyday usage in the Ijebu dialect of the Yoruba language.

These among some more technical reasons explains the resort to the Ijebu dialect in an attempt to establish what a more uniform and undifferentiated Yoruba language would have sounded like many centuries ago.

In the light of this approach, the phrase “Oyo is the King” in the Ijebu dialect (which is our dialectal yardstick for a uniform Yoruba language of the 1400s) translates simply as:

“Oyo ri Oba” (in writing) and “Oyo r’Oba” (orally).

Cheers!

Cc: LegendHero, SuperBold, illicit, SouthNigerian, SaintBeehot, gomojam, DenreleDave, reallest, TimeManager, RuggedSniper, Ihateniggov, HedwigesMaduro, haffaze777, googi

Very insightful and educative piece.

I almost believed that Fulanis'account of Yoruba being corruption of the Hausa word Yoruba but after I learnt about Ogunde oriki of Yoruba, I began to doubt that account. But here you are debunking revisionist account with facts. Kudos.

Thanks for the enlightenment.

TAO11:
Good write-up! In any case, I’d like to correct some ‘mistakes’ in this write up:

(1) The word “Yoruba” did not originate in Ahmad Baba’s “Mi’raj al-Su’ud”, or in any of his essays.

To originate a word is to coin such word.

The Timbuktu writer, Ahmad Baba (in that essay) simply made reference to different groups of people using their well-known pre-existing names.

The embedded screenshot right below shows a scan of the manuscript folio in question from his original Arabic essay written in the early 1600s.

www.nairaland.com/attachments/12934148_5117c6d550154217817d7c66b5fa0fe6_jpeg_jpeg2a73d5172c14cf7a7da91ff200688e3e

The embedded screenshot which follows below shows a translation of the relevant section of the above Arabic original.

This translation below was prepared by John Hunwick and Fatima Harrak for The Institute of African Studies Rabat, Morocco in the year 2000.

www.nairaland.com/attachments/12934147_3336ed29985b499e82c4e140b455b9fa_jpeg_jpeg62ecafabb59c692d4ba471597fdf16bb

Clearly, the text shows from its phrasing [viz. “... the group called ... Yoruba ...”] that this is a well-known pre-existing name.

Ahmad Baba didn’t name us, neither did he name any of the ten groups in that listing.
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(2) Yes Ahmad Baba wrote “Mi’raj al-Su’ud”, but not in the year 1627 (in case that was assumed).

Rather, this specific essay was written in the year 1615 in response to some inquiries on enslaving black people.

The Arabic text of “Mi’raj al Su’ud” contains the precise year [and month] of its writing (in the Islamic/Hijri calendar obviously) as highlighted in the embedded folio below.

www.nairaland.com/attachments/13082305_6e49d8d129844a578af9272699e1586a_jpeg_jpeg2d5891d724a6428e2c0f4e6898bd60cc

The highlight in this folio (which is simply the “verso” of the earlier attached folio) basically shows the wording (in translation): “[The year] one thousand and twenty four [of the Hijrah]”.

When converted from this Hijri “AH” calendar into the Gregorian “CE” calendar; the year 1024AH falls into the year 1615CE.

The well-known formula “G = 0.9692*H + 622” proves sufficiently useful for this conversion.

In the light of my above expositions from Ahmad Baba’s essay of the year 1615, the anachronism and contradiction of the Sultan Bello Coinage myth thus becomes very obvious.

For emphasis, the year 1615 (Ahmad Baba) comes before the year 1837 (Sultan Bello). Lol.

And the word “Yoruba” (as the group name for Yoruba-speaking peoples) has been in existence prior to Baba himself as has been observed in that essay.

What then is the word “Yarriba”, or “Yarba”, etc., and what is its connection with Sultan Bello??

Captain Hugh Clapperton who was an acquaintance of Sultan Bello of Sokoto informs us in his 1829 publication on this.

He noted that “Yarriba” is simply the Arab’s and the Hausa’s articulation of the evidently pre-existing name “Yoruba”. To quote Clapperton’s precise words, he writes:

“Having seen the whole of the baggage off, we started in the evening, and proceeded on our journey. We learned in fact that we were not now in the king of Badagry's territory, but in a district of Eyeo [Ọ̀yọ́], which is called Yarriba by the Arabs and people of Houssa, and that the name of the capital is called Katunga, and that it is thirty days' journey.”

~ Captain Hugh Clapperton; “Journal of a Second Expedition Into the Interior of Africa”; (1829), p. 4.


Furthermore, Bishop Samuel Ajayi Crowther also writing in the 1800s makes a note to this same foregoing effect when he writes as follows:

“European Travellers obtained the name Katanga from Hausa People. Yarriba, or Yaruba, is likewise the Hausa pronunciation: Yoruba would be more correct”.

~ Reverend Ajayi Crowther; “A Grammar of The Yoruba Language”; (1852), p. i.
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In summary, the name “Yoruba” did not originate in the writings of Ahmad Baba in the 1600s. Neither, obviously, did it originate in the writings of Arabs and Hausa-Fulanis in the 1800s.

As has been seen in Ahmad Baba’s essay from the year 1615, the name “Yoruba” (in reference to the Yoruba-speaking group) predates the 1600s.

It is evidently our endonym from a long time ago. Don’t be fooled by modern day propaganda, people.


Cheers!

Cc: LegendHero, SuperBold, chrisxxx, PoliteActivist, kingbee90, illicit, FortifiedCity, Guestlander, SouthNigerian, dvdwed, Ideadoctor, SaintBeehot, gomojam, DenreleDave, reallest, TimeManager, RuggedSniper

Nice right up.

However, can you please shed light on the origin on of the word Yoruba?

LeSudAfricaine:
Bro, Nigeria has no thriving tourism industry... Let's not force the issue here. As for ostriches and girrafes..tourists have that in their zoos anyways. The fact remains, Nairobi beats Lagos hands down! And I'm not even Kenyan. Just pointing out facts

Just say you don't know anything about the types of tourism.

MayorofLagos:
Got www.freedomfromnigeria.com

Okay thanks

Nigerian government has given everything to foreigners to build due to greed.

MayorofLagos:
Fulani is the wrong ethnic people to talk of ancestral attachment to land. They have said on many occassion that grazing is an ancestral occupation and they will not give it up.

If they will not give up grazing, and we will not give up land, then we have no alternative than to forcefully banish them from our land.

They have claimed they are on our land because constitution told them to. As long we Oduduwa recognize and honor the constitution that is true.

What happens if we stop honoring and recognizing it? What legal claim can they make at that point?

We are moving forward with what is called de-constitution of Nigeria. It is no secret, its out in open.

How is the bolded possible?

Babysho:
Brothers, it's ok. @forgiveness.
Lagos City that, Lagos Isale Eko this, Lagos Atlantic that.

Sanwo Olu no dey find Chairman for Ministry of Urban Planning nau. Let it go sirs.

Hahahaha! You dey mind the guy.

lexy2014:
Spell olodo

You have learnt a lot for free.

LeSudAfricaine:
Yes, its still better than anything Ive ever seen from Nigeria to be honest. They maybe be "slumpolio" but they have a thriving tourism industry, that should tell you something don't you think?...no offence but who dare travels to Nigeria, to see what?

Do you think tourism is all about seeing Giraffes and Ostrich?

Have you heard about business tourism and religion tourism?

That's what people comes to see in Nigeria and Lagos beat Kenya in that.

nony43:
Oga remove Kigali from there. Kigali used to be the neatest city in Africa that was in 2016 or so. My friend turned it to his mecca. What is Lagos known for?

The biggest economy in Africa.

lexy2014:
Lagos State

Olodo.

LeSudAfricaine:
You can sing that all you want it won't make that true my friend. "Upper Hill" just one part of Nairobi is better than what the whole Lagos has to offer. Let's leave sentiment aside for a minute

Is it the one I saw repeatedly in that Nigeria Vs Kenya's forum? Stop fooling yourself.

Nairobi is the capital of slumpolio.

LeSudAfricaine:
This is actually laughable... Nairobi is very developed, a tourist haven actually..Kigali is very neat and still developing while Windhoek resembles a South African city. Sentiments aside my man

Lagos still far more developed than Nairobi.

forgiveness:
This (the pronoun) referres to what? Which is the core of Lagos State. What is the core of Lagos state?

lexy2014 over to you. Answer.

You dey run?

lexy2014:
But u went to Kano, enugu, Oyo and u weren't able to tie them to your theory that Lagos= Lagos city= Lagos island/mainland

This is a fact confirmed by Lagos state.

Humble yourself and move on.

lexy2014:
U are just copying and pasting yet u don't understand what u are copying and pasting. In all u posted, where did it say Lagos=Lagos city=Lagos mainland and island?

This is d closest but it's about Lagos State as a whole:

LAGOS [EKO]

This is the core of Lagos State and a highly urbanized Division. It consists of five Local Government Councils, vis: Lagos Island, Lagos Mainland, Surulere, Apapa and Eti-Osa,

This (the pronoun) referres to what? Which is the core of Lagos State. What is the core of Lagos state?

lexy2014 over to you. Answer.

lexy2014:
U are just copying and pasting yet u don't understand what u are copying and pasting. In all u posted, where did it say Lagos=Lagos city=Lagos mainland and island?

This is d closest but it's about Lagos State as a whole:

LAGOS [EKO]

This is the core of Lagos State and a highly urbanized Division. It consists of five Local Government Councils, vis: Lagos Island, Lagos Mainland, Surulere, Apapa and Eti-Osa,

Do you mean the Lagos [Eko] you saw is talking about Lagos state?

lexy2014:
D information u provided was for Lagos State and not Lagos city/Lagos. So u haven't been able to prove that there's a Lagos city or lagos which comprises Lagos island and mainland

Bhuhahahaha!


ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS [IBILE]

With a territorial land area of 351,861 hectares, Lagos State is made of five administrative divisions, namely: Ikeja, Badagry, Ikorodu, Lagos [Eko] and Epe. The divisions were created in May 1968 by virtue of Administrative Divisions [Establishment] Edict No. 3 of April 1968. The Divisions are further divided into 20 Local Governments and 37 Local Council Development Areas respectively, in accordance with Nigeria’s federal structure and the need to bring governance, development and participatory democracy to the grassroots.



IKEJA

Ikeja Division, a predominantly Awori enclave and the cradle of its civilization, consists of eight local government authorities namely: Agege, Ifako-Ijaiye, Kosofe, Mushin, Alimosho, Oshodi-Isolo, Somolu and Ikeja which serves as both the seat of the State Government and the divisional headquarters. The LCDAs include Agbado/Oke-Odo, Agboyi-Ketu, Ayobo-Ipaja, Bariga, Egbe-Idimu, Ejigbo, Igando-Ikotun, Ikosi-Isheri, Isolo, Mosan-Okunola, Odi Olowo-Ojuwoye, Ojodu, Ojokoro, Onigbongbo and Orile Agege. Ikeja is the state capital and administrative center of Lagos State Government. The division has a concentration of both medium and large scale industries within the Mushin-Isolo-Oshodi and greater Ikeja industrial complex, while also having a large agricultural area in its rural Alimosho, Kosofe and Agege districts. A fledging Central Business District [Alausa/Agidingbi] and Nigeria’s biggest and busiest international airport [Murtala Mohammed Airport] are situated in the divisional headquarters, Ikeja. There are over fifty settlements in the division notable among which are: Isolo, Isheri-Oshun, Ikotun, Isheri-Olofin, Meiran, Ejigbo, Egan, Ketu, Ojota, Shangisha, Oworonshoki,Mushin, Abesan, Magodo, Egbe, Igando, Idimu, Ayobo, Iju, Ifako, Abule Egba, Agboyi, Ikosi, Okota, Somolu, Ipaja, Abesan, Abesan, Oregun, Isheri-Oke, Oshodi, Oke-Afa, Ojodu, Ogudu, Bariga, Ilupeju, Obanikoro, Akowonjo, Agege, Ijegun, Alagbado, Aboru, Olota, Ojokoro, Ikola, Ajasa, Baruwa, Ewu, Abule-Onigbagbo, Odi-Olowo, Shasha, Mende, Ipodo and Alimosho.

BADAGRY

Badagry Division is a zone of culture mix between the Ogu and Awori as well as an international border region. It consists of four Local Governments, including: Ojo, Amuwo-Odofin, Ajeromi-Ifelodun, and Badagry as well as six Local Council Development Areas namely: Iba, Ifelodun, Olorunda, Oriade, Badagry West and Oto-Awori. Badagry serves as the divisional headquarters. The Division enjoys a pride of place in Nigerian history, especially as regards early European contacts with West Africa. Being a coastal town on the western littoral, Badagry was a major slave outpost and market during the pre-colonial era and also the entry point of Christianity in Nigeria being the place where the Bible was first preached in 1842, under the Agia Tree. The original name of the town, Gbagi, a contraction of the word ‘Ogbagleme’ means a ‘farmland near the swamp’ in Ogu language. The word, ‘Ogbagleme’ was later coined to

IKORODU

Ikorodu lies approximately 36 km north of Lagos and derives its name from ‘Oko-Odu’ meaning vegetable farm. This farmland was the first place where Oga, the crown prince of a Remo King and supposed founder of the town settled hence, the reference to the town as Ikorodu Oga. The Division consists of Ikorodu Local Govenment, and five Local Council Development Areas including: Igbogbo-Baiyeku, Ikorodu North, Ikorodu West, Imota and Ijede. By virtue of its location, the Division serves as the gateway to the country’s hinter-land. It is also an active commercial/energy center and national broadcasting gangway as the transmitters of the Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria [FRCN], Voice of Nigeria [VON] and those of the State Broadcasting Corporation, [Radio Lagos/Eko F.M. and LTV], are located there.

The population of the Division consists of predominantly of the Ijebu and Remo groups that inhabit Ikorodu, Egbin, Igbogbo, Imota, Ijede, Maya Adio, Odogunyan, Isiu, Igbokuta, Ewu-Elepe, Baiyeku, Oreta, Ofin, Gberigbe, Erikorodo and Igbalu. However, along the riverine fringes of Ipakodo, Ibese, Ebute, Majidun, Itowolo, and other coastal communities, there is a strong presence of Eko-Awori population. The indigenes of Ikorodu Division are mostly traders and farmers with fishing thriving mostly along the Lagos Lagoon foreshore on the Cradoo [Ikorodu] Lake waterfront, Ipakodo, where a Nigerian Ports Authority Lighter Port Terminal is situated.

LAGOS [EKO]

This is the core of Lagos State and a highly urbanized Division. It consists of five Local Government Councils, vis: Lagos Island, Lagos Mainland, Surulere, Apapa and Eti-Osa,


Let us put your comprehension skills at test.

lexy2014:
Am not d one fooling myself. I think it's u. Here are your words:

"These are not part of Lagos but part of Lagos state. We are talking about Lagos city."

I have read what d Lagos State govt wrote. Maybe u should have read it before making ur claims

Yawn! The places you assumed were Lagos city are not hence the need for that statement.

Stop confusing Lagos city with Lagos state next time. I believe you must have learnt a lot secretly.

drediamond:
Lol, actually, I've been reading your back and forth epistles with the fellow.

But, the thing is, many people do not know the geographical complexity of Lagos state and they seem totally confused when these things are profoundly explained to them. It may in part not be their fault, because the government also has some enlightenment in regards to these issues to aid in urban planning and policies.

I remember when I told my friends sometimes back that we had to get to Lagos for a meeting. They were dazed like are we not in Lagos? because we are at a place in Ikeja then.

Many do not know the difference between Lagos(Isale Eko), Lagos, Lagos Island, Lagos FCT, Lagos City, Metropolitan Lagos, and Lagos State.

When long-time Lagosians or state residents that know deeply these things tried to explain to them, instead of listening, they rather argue needlessly

Hahahaha! Honestly, the guy is confused but doesn't want to learn. I just tire for the guy.

I agree with you on the second paragraph. The government ought to educate and enlighten people in regards to this. I think none residents and non indigenes will find Lagos' complexity difficulty to understand.

The fourth paragraph will throw that guy off balance. E no go under isale eko from. Lagos Island.

lexy2014:
But then u didn't read were it said that epe, Ikorodu, ikeja and badagary were administered by d then western region govt (past tense). So is d western region govt still administering them? What has happened to them since 1968?

You are such a slow learner.




ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS [IBILE]

With a territorial land area of 351,861 hectares, Lagos State is made of five administrative divisions, namely: Ikeja, Badagry, Ikorodu, Lagos [Eko] and Epe. The divisions were created in May 1968 by virtue of Administrative Divisions [Establishment] Edict No. 3 of April 1968

lexy2014:
That's why I said English seems to be a problem for u.

Q1. When did d Lagos State govt designate Lagos as Lagos city? In simple terms, it means d date d designation was done

Q2. When did Lagos State govt declare Lagos city as comprising Lagos mainland and island?

Your website doesn't answer d question and it's not in consonance with d claims that u made that "Lagos City" (and not City of Lagos) comprises Lagos island and mainland

Are you blind? Read what Lagos government wrote and stop grasping for straw.

Second question is not about when, it is, is it true Lagos comprises Lagos Island and Lagos mainland? The answer is yes.

The City of Lagos and Lagos city are same. Stop fooling yourself.

Now let me help you.....


LAGOS [EKO]

"This is the core of Lagos State and a highly urbanized Division. It consists of five Local Government Councils, vis: Lagos Island, Lagos Mainland, Surulere, Apapa and Eti-Osa"

lexy2014:
Didn't u make this claim that epe, badagary and Ikorodu aren't part of Lagos city?

I said Epe Ikorodu Ikeja Badagry aren't part of Lagos city. Yes! And Lagos state government confirmed that.



Its territorial extent and political jurisdiction encompasses the city of Lagos and the four administrative divisions of Ikeja, Ikorodu, Epe and Badagry"

lexy2014:
Pls read again. U have made a big mess of yourself:

When did Lagos State designate Lagos as Lagos city?

Going by what u have even shared, u have contradicted urself because u had earlier claimed that epe, badagary and Ikorodu aren't part of Lagos city.

D screenshot u provided is a big indictment on u and d claims u made

Are they from what you read?

Else, what do you understand by city of Lagos AND the four Administrative divisions of Ikeja, Epe, Ikorodu and Badagry?

lexy2014:
With all d claims u made, u mean u can't find d answers to these simple questions?

"When did d Lagos State govt designate Lagos as Lagos city? When did Lagos State govt declare Lagos city as comprising Lagos mainland and island?"

You mean you don't have eyes?

Do you want to argue with the Lagos state government?

Number 1 question has been answered by the Lagos state government official website.

Number 2 question, where does the city of Lagos comprises?

lexy2014:
Oga, pls see d question I asked u:

When did Lagos State designate Lagos as Lagos city?

Going by what u have even shared, u have contradicted urself because u had earlier claimed that epe, badagary and Ikorodu aren't part of Lagos city.

"Its territorial extent and political jurisdiction encompasses the city of Lagos and the four administrative divisions of Ikeja, Ikorodu, Epe and Badagry"


You no sabi read ni?

Eat your humble pie after reading carefully.

lexy2014:
When did d Lagos State e designate Lagos as Lagos city? When did Lagos State govt declare Lagos city as comprising Lagos mainland and island?

Do your assignment and find out what comprises Lagos City.

lexy2014:
U see how empty and baseless ur claims are?

Can you now eat your humble pie and accept in go faith you were wrong?

lexy2014:
When did Lagos State designate Lagos as Lagos city? Answer

From the official website of Lagos state. I hope you sleep well this night.

"Its territorial extent and political jurisdiction encompasses the city of Lagos and the four administrative divisions of Ikeja, Ikorodu, Epe and Badagry"

https://lagosstate.gov.ng/about-lagos/

lexy2014:
So u have never heard of ikeja? Are u saying Lagos is d capital of Lagos State? U see how ur confusion is getting d better of u? When did Lagos being d capital of Lagos State became a contention in d course of this discussion?

Pls read again:

See who de call person olodo. Kano city is d capital of Kano state, same goes for your enugu analogy. Kindly explain how your Lagos= Lagos city=Lagos mainland+island but not Lagos state is d same with d analogy u offered

Is Ikeja a city in Lagos state?

How come it's the capital?

lexy2014:
When did Lagos State designate Lagos as Lagos city? Answer

Is Lagos a city in Lagos state? Answer yes or no.