I deemed it necessary to write what it actually means in a nutshell, in any workplace, “an inspection”. Although, one is bound to view this in different perspective. I would like to add that, such inspection could also be applicable to our environment and homes as it demands some level of sanity.

1. Inspection is said to be the best understood and most frequently used as a tool for any assessment in the workplace for any form of hazard. To this fact much has been said and written about it of which checklist is often available for any such inspection.
2. The term inspection means a general walk-around examination of every part of the work- site just to locate a condition that do not comply with safety standard as it come to be known. This could include any routine work site hygiene monitoring and sampling and maintenance workshop hazards.
3. As often the case, the term “Audit “is sometimes substituted for the term “inspection” although, there is a little difference. Because “Audit” is actually an evaluation tool of which the process involve given a numerical rating of some kind to items that has been audited. But inspections on the other hand involve locating hazardous condition in the work site. In this perspective, audit tends to be more generally involve to locating ineffective or missing safety programs.

INSPECTION FREQUENCY: The regular site inspection must be carried out at specified intervals. The inspector should inspect as often as the type of operation or character of equipment requires. Such inspection must be carried out by qualified individual who is acquitted with the equipment concerned or work site. And any defective equipment or unsafe condition found by these inspections must- be replaced or repaired promptly.

To carry out such inspection in workplace site, “Safety committee, where there is any, come to play important role in the success of hazard identifications and control program. They come to assist in the evaluation and improvement of such programs. In addition, they can do the following:
1. Establish a procedure for the workplace inspection to locate and identify safety and health hazards.
2. Conduct regular workplace inspection
3. Recommend how to eliminate hazard and unsafe work practices.

[b][/b]Finally the inspection team can document in writing the location and identity of the hazards and make recommendation regarding correction of the hazards. Therefore, the frequency of the safety inspection, although, depend on the nature of work and workplace is also a judgment call due to the rapidly changing nature of sites and hazards.

Remember: Do it safely or not at all, because there is always time to do it right.

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Let us be frank, Mr. President, whatever anybody may say, in what has to do with " Identity" of African, does not amount to driving them away from the country.

That seems childish thing to do. The aid they provide, in reality does not get to the destination where it is needed.

It is all about diverse culture that must coexist, through dialogue, not of outright conflict.
Do not forget, you are reminded of the corruption and what is your take on that?.

The bottom line is that we are not just being patriotic, but one thing is clear, that God just love Nigeria. Indeed, a bunch of us has no sense of history, and people with no sense of history just move on like will are doing, always hoping that the situation will take care of itself. May God continue to bless Nigeria.

As to what is the value of philosophy, in this abstract, let propose some possible answer. In the first instance, it will be observed that, it is a natural wonder to ask question, and children seems to be well known in this act of asking question. It will be right to say, children are marvelous philosopher as they are never tied to ask question.

One might as well add that we do not have any duty to do what is natural but we do find it natural to philosophize. Secondly, philosophizing could be pleasurable in itself, and we could find joy in the act of asking question when we have such possibility. And indeed, this is why Plato, the Greek philosopher would say that philosophizing is a –“dear delight’. Although, one might counter such statement that it does not suit our taste.
Thirdly, we appeal to the usefulness of philosophy.

Therefore, any kind of knowledge always has its potential of enrichment, in its very usefulness. And if philosophizing is embedded with a bit of knowledge and wisdom, refuting it, would means that you do not subscribe to the kind of value of wisdom and knowledge, unless it is embedded with material reward. One would argue, that philosophical thinking, no doubt, protect against any unsupported ideology, unfounded belief, unjustified authority and questionable cultural values. But these are forces, however, that could manipulate one when they are not understood, and that could even made us to end up not thinking critically about them. The same is true they may not be our value, idea and belief, but can only accept them partially.
We might even say that reflection is laborious while ignorance is a bliss of which trust in authority and tradition, could be the only thing that can maintain culture. In this perspective, one can reasonable reject all the argument, such that in the absence of any definitive arguments, one can comfortably decide whether philosophy is really worthwhile to pursue. It is also true, we may decide as to whether the pursuit of wisdom, fame and knowledge, as well as everything else is really worth the effort. But about the value of philosophy, one must be convinced and believe that reflection, questioning and contemplation and indeed, wonder can enrich human life, hence, no wonder “Socrates” the Greek philosopher, would say that “unexamined life is not worth living”, which is but a reality.

It must be observed however, that philosophy, appear to result from wrong conception of the end of life and this is partly from the conception of the kind of goods which philosophy strives to achieve. According to some school of thought, if the study of philosophy has any value at all order than, the student of philosophy, it must be only indirectly through its effect upon the lives of those who study it. The same is true that it is through this effect that the value of philosophy must be allowed to primarily direct any attention. Philosophy like any other field of studies has the fundamental aim and objective at knowledge. And the kind of knowledge that gives unity and system to the body of science. It is also the kind of knowledge which results from critical examination to maintain the ground of conviction, prejudice and beliefs. Any question about the value of philosophy is closely connected with the issue of education in general as fact.

This is true because educations often transformed with increase of awareness to develop and improve our critical thinking skill, and at best, help us to be wise and happy as it transform the mind. According to W Durant, in his book, “Pleasure of philosophy”, about the purpose of philosophy-, he has this to say-“ that philosophy will not fatten our purses” – and added that we shall not be save without wisdom. It is true that we may not be able to provide a knockdown argument for the value of philosophy, if we insist to measure value in term of wealth. However, our culture is superficial today and knowledge very dangerous simply because we tend to be rich in mechanism but very poor in purpose.

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The purpose of this write up is to see how culture affects the level of productivity in an environment where people are increasingly working across culture. In working across culture, we are often not truly taking cognizant of the underlying differences that may exist which though, are unintentionally sabotaging the system.

It is true that often, we are griped with the assumption that working in the same organization or speaking the same language, means we have the same objective and goals. It must be observed that we may have the same objective and goals but the path to get to such end often take many hazardous twist and turns.

There are some effective method, not only may increase the productivity level but also may enhance some level of communication skill in any given cross –cultural setting and they are as follows;-

In any verbal and non-verbal language, clarification must always be sort.

1. Because, often, what one may think, an honest way to bring up an issue may turn out to be, a misconception, due to the direct approach, that could create distrust and strain for any future interaction. Therefore, being aware of how one present any subject is vital as one watch for the body –language. It is also true that one must not assume to understand gestures, because what may be acceptable in one culture may be an insult in another culture. Therefore, one must strive to use verbal expression to explicate the non-verbal gesture in use.

2 .The avoidance of taking others mistake as “personal” one. When working with others in any project, remember that every culture has its own method of application. Therefore, what one may perceive as a grave error due to the different style of work, may not be, hence, one must be prepared to ask for an explanation to understand the reason behind every single gesture, so that one can learn from other culture.

3. Accept that you do not understand what you do not know. We often want everyone to believe that we are competent and highly skillful in all area of the job. But contrary, to this assertion, there always remain some slight differences, in both practical knowledge of understanding and differences in meaning due to the cultural differences. Therefore, in any behavior that may appear inappropriate, time must be taken to diagnose the action instead of a hasty assumption based on personal own cultural filters or outlook.

4. Increase awareness of your own, formed idea or opinion before enough information or experience.-(preconception). In this context, we must not forget that we all carry with us a cultural baggage, which prescribed our behavior, value and how we perceive others and the world around us. The same is true, that with this cultural baggage, it allow us to categorize people and situations.

Therefore, the more we are aware of this individual bias, the easier it may probably assist us to accept and understand our differences. It is true also; that this may ultimately help us to break up what might be called the “stereotype” and false generalization about people and their culture.

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Thanks, once again, as if i was there . by His grace, I still wish very much wish to be there ,however.

The question of whether culture has an impact on productivity cannot be overestimated. The same is true, of the question of the impact of different culture on productivity. But first of all, let us see what we mean by the word “culture”. We mean by the word culture in this perspective, what we considered the societal norms in the workplace.

For the purpose of this write-up, culture can be simplified to their root origin that could be those of flat culture and hierarchy culture in nature. From the perspective of the side of objectivity, we must strive to concede that most of us prefer the flat –based cultures as the most likely least restrictive in nature.

The reason being that it tends to allow some level of freedom and it is beneficial to the overall productivity of any workplace from human resources perspective compared to the hierarchical culture. To buttress this assertion, Neil McEachern, CHRP, (2011), opined that there is always a time and place for both culture to strive throughout history of any organization. In addition, “this can be seen in technology firms as they grow from humble beginning into a full fledged corporate heavyweight, from flat culture based to that of a hierarchy based organization”.

According to Parkinson’s law-“work expands so as to fill the time available for completion” and as it were, this quote is still very much relevant in the 21st century and can still be applied in the hierarchical workplace culture. According to McEachern, (2011), it is a very little gap that separates the larger corporations from the inflated bureaucracies in term of workplace culture. This is true, such that one only has to think how difficult it is sometimes for anything to be accomplished in the workplace compared to getting anything done at the local municipal office.

For the purpose of clearity, when an employee is expected to be at work for a set of duration of time, it is highly unlikely that one will be on high level of productivity for the duration of time. It seems obvious that for the sake of the aforementioned quotation above, any individual is likely to find something to fill up the time, which may not necessarily be what one is employed to do, instead, one might end up with the like of extended coffee break and frequent bathroom trip and even in the minefield of irrelevancy side discussions.
[b][/b]
However, this is related to hierarchy organization that are less flexible about work hours and how work should be conducted for completion due to their strict policy. Thus, contrary to the flat culture workplace, the hierarchical workplace culture is rigid in nature, in their imposition of the state of fear through which the employee is often penalized according to the strict guidelines and policy and not without inverse relationship to productivity. The similarity between flat and hierarchical culture of any workplace is the distinguishing factor of freedom afforded in the flat culture workplace. With this, any individual is able to use his/ her own initiative to determine the best possible method to complete any assigned task at any given time.

It is clear at this point, that with such freedom, it becomes a form of empowerment with positive impact of workplace culture of productivity. The same is true, that a flat corporate culture considered in this regard is often more relaxed by structure alone than the hierarchical culture that often tends to loses time filling the paper work instead of being productive.

Therefore, in reality culture do have an impact on productivity, because any persuasive argument for flat-base-culture workplace, would agree that, there is a time and place for both culture and it demand that with limited resources, capable hands must always be engaged to be productive ,regardless of the workplace culture.

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He was a fine Amy man, may his soul rest in perfect peace

It is found to be true that it is possible to have cohesive team, because such team member can value what it means to belong over all else, of which the need for internal pressure to conform may arise. And such need to conform can result to individual modification of behaviors to adhere to the group norms and regulations.

The same is true that the need to conform can lead to conflicts avoidance that may result to focusing more in trying to please each other for better understanding, with high level of interaction. There is also having less tolerance for deviant that may threaten the team’s static identity of which such cohesive group can excommunicate member who dare to disagree.
STEPS TO CREATING AND MAINTAINING COHESION.

1. DEFINITION OF CLEAR ROLES: By demonstrating how individual contribution furthers the group goals and objective. Not without treating individual with respect and dignity-through which it demonstrate, there is no favorites and that everyone is valued in such group.

2. Situating team members in close proximity to each other through which they build a long term familiarity. The familiarity that establishes a common ritual by eating and drinking together, that reaffirms the group identity to create a shared experiences.

3. By frequently praising themselves, through which individual and group derive some level of benefit. Such praise that enable them to build
Individual self –confidence and reaffirm positive behavior to create overall positive atmosphere.

4. By celebrating the groups’ differences and highlighting individual contribution and diversity norms, because any possibility of being marginalized can keep members from being cohesive.

CONCLUSION;-Therefore, in building a cohesive group, it is imperative to develop a strong relational bonds , through which they are more committed, not only to each other but also to the group or team success. Individual must be made to feel they are needed, because when individual’s contribution is ignored due to not meeting up with the group standard, there is the tendency of discouragement and the likely future contributions.

There is also the need to assign highly engaging and inherently rewarding task, although, may be varied activities, not without significant impact on the individuals themselves as well as the external environment. Any open injustice in the group is harmful to any individual psychology of health and well-being that may contribute to stress.

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It is found to be true that it is possible to have cohesive team, because such team member can value what it means to belong over all else, of which the need for internal pressure to conform may arise. And such need to conform can result to individual modification of behaviors to adhere to the group norms and regulations.

The same is true that the need to conform can lead to conflicts avoidance that may result to focusing more in trying to please each other for better understanding, with high level of interaction. There is also having less tolerance for deviant that may threaten the team’s static identity of which such cohesive group can excommunicate member who dare to disagree.
STEPS TO CREATING AND MAINTAINING COHESION.

1. DEFINITION OF CLEAR ROLES: By demonstrating how individual contribution furthers the group goals and objective. Not without treating individual with respect and dignity-through which it demonstrate, that there is no favorites and that everyone is valued in such group.

2. Situating team members in close proximity to each other through which they build a long term familiarity. The familiarity that establishes a common ritual by eating and drinking together, that reaffirms the group identity to create a shared experiences.

3. By frequently praising themselves, through which individual and group derive some level of benefit. Such praise that enable them to build
Individual self –confidence and reaffirm positive behavior to create overall positive atmosphere.

4. By celebrating the groups’ differences and highlighting individual contribution and diversity norms, because any possibility of being marginalized can keep members from being cohesive.

CONCLUSION;-Therefore, in building a cohesive group, it is imperative to develop a strong relational bonds , through which they are more committed, not only to each other but also to the group or team success. Individual must be made to feel they are needed, because when individual’s contribution is ignored due to not meeting up with the group standard, there is the tendency of discouragement and unlikely future contribution.

There is also the need to assign highly engaging and inherently rewarding task, although, may be varied activities, not without significant impact on the individuals themselves as well as the external environment. Any open injustice in the group is harmful to any individual psychology of health and well-being that may contribute to stress.

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Happy birthday Sir, and I wish you more years ahead with all the best wishes.

According to an article written by Anthony Brandt and D. Eagleman (2017), a school teacher L. Esola had drawn an apple on the board and ask the students to draw their own versions. As it were, a bunch of the students merely copy what already was drawn. But what was expected was simply their own version, however, they were thought other dozen of ways of which an apple could be drawn. Then the student take their time to mimic styles of the like of “Surrealism, Impressionism and Pop Art, as they use watercolour, Mosaic and line drawing and many more method to get their drawing done.

Surrealism, is 20th century style of drawing and as a movement in art and literature, with the images and event unconnected put together in a strange and impossible way just like dream to express what is happening deep in the mind-like the “surrealist painters’.

On the other hand, is the “Impressionism”, a style in painting developed in France in the late 19th century that uses colour to show the effect of light on things just to suggest an atmosphere instead of the exact details, like the “impressionist landscape drawing”.

Nevertheless, with this various method of application, the teacher did not intend to stop at what look like “imitating existing paradigms”, which is a typical example or pattern to copy. However, accordingly the task tends to leads to “Anything Apple” assignment through which the student were free to mix and match any technique in any way they like.

At other time the teacher draw an apple again on the board, and guess what happen, this time no student copy the teacher. On the contrary, the classroom become a gallery of alternative apples of which all the student tends to take what they have learnt to launch in their various direction of apple drawing.

According to A. Brandt and D. Eaglemen, education in creativity often lies in “sweet sport between unstructured play and imitating models” of which the sweet spot tends to give the student what one might called the historical precedent to build upon. The same is true that while it may give the student the historical precedent to build upon, but it does not condition or constrain their choices-And often student tends to learn best of what has come before with the goal to refashioning it. (Op cit.

As it were, breaking the mode of the past tends to convey two lessons, which is to show the students how to mine the past for a new ideas and to teach them not to be intimidated by what has come before. The other creative way to display the understanding of the historical past is often through the very description of what would have happened if on the contrary the event had gone otherwise.

The facts must be known, to be able to demonstrate a solid platform in of “what is “through the creation of “what if “

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The write up is an extraction from -Anthony Brandt and D. Eagle man, " from their article the "Three ways to help any kid be more creative".

Of course, after reading it, l find it so fascinating, hence, l decided, that it will be more beneficial to carry out the extraction as to extend it further to others, who may not be lucky enough to read it.

In fact, l must confess that, because of the academic pedagree of these two gentle men, who are, one a composer and the other neuroscientist, l thought this information has to be widely disseminated, to see what we get from it.

In their view, the current problem of the world " demand a bold new solutions" and it requires to develop open, agile minds, and must begin from the classroom with the children.

The reason is clear, which is that, in most cases, these children spend many of their " waking hours in the classroom". The same is true that, classroom becomes where their aspiration are nurtured and also get the first sense of the taste of what the society expect from them. And indeed, the classroom becomes a place where imagination is cultivated, of which in reality, the opposite is often the case.

According to these authors, " human brains surpose to digest the world to produce nolvelty" but unfortunately, many of the classroom of today offer little or nothing to be digested, instead they profer to produce a " diet of regurgitation" a sort of disapproval, according to the Oxford Advance learner's Dictionary-" read without really thinking about it or understanding it" and of which such diet tends to threaten the society to be hungry for future innovators.

The reason stern from the fact that we are still very much stuck in " educational system" born out of wedlock of " Industrial Revolution" with regularized curriculum, and of which school bells come to "replicate the factory bells that signaled a change of shift."

Of course, such model do not seem to prepare students any longer for an advancing world that is rapidly changing and of which jobs are often redefined.

In this rapidly changing and redefinition of virtually everything, demands that the " real job of the classrooms is to train the student to remake the raw material of the world and generate a new ideas".

As it were, to implement these ideas does not require destroying the existing structure, rather, putting up some " guiding principles to help turn the classroom into an environment that promote creative thinking".

According to the author, in the first place " -using the past as a launching pad to imagine the future and secondly, " exploring many, many options" .And indeed, it means we need time to think, reflect with less noise and be focus to do more in our educational sector.

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There are two major type of emotions which are Human emotions and Divine emotions.Ant it could be right to say that emotion is one of the basic structure of human experience, and a part of the consciousness of every human being.

The common emotion is the human emotion of the like of:- happiness, angry, peace, hopefulness and fearfulness etc, which are part of our inner life, just like the emotion of love. Then we have the Divine emotion, through which we address our relationship with the sacred and holy aspect of our being to the Divine.

The Divine emotion are the likes of :- reverence, praise, adoration, gratitude, devotion and love that bridges all form of dimensions of ways in the life of man that relate within the human dimensions.

It will be abserved, that the Divine emotion is considered the higher counterpart of human emotion. The same is true that these emotions are recognizable in different scope and intensity in the life of man. It is also true that the mystery of the very purpose of creation is embodied within God's salvific plan in the human experience as it relate to emotions.

Indeed, emotion becomes the very basic aspect of every human being, an embodiment of body and soul state, that live a long arc of time with a multiple life time experience.

In this embodiment of body and soul, human being come to the very recognition- "that we are what we feel".

The very long arc of time with its multiple life experience itself tends to create the identification and our identity as do with the significant others through which emotion plays its part in conveying the awareness of who and what we are- of the "self", as an individual.

Then, comes the process of individuation that take place within the human experience as part of our spiritual evolution. Through our spiritual evolution, is the God's consciousness that expand within the form, through time and accompined with process of re-unification with the Divine as it tap consistently into the Divine emotions.

It must be observed that this consistent taping into the Divine emotion is an act of yearning to return to the greater whole built into the structure of human experience as desired by individualized self, of who and what we are as human being.
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congratulation !!!

Yes, the former President is demonstrating here what it means to respect tradition. Respect for tradition is not about money or age, hence, it is a part of his legacy for the coming generation. May God bless him; an epitome for respect for tradition.

If all we know and recollect are particular-sensation or particular impression, according to the Empiricist school of thought, it will be difficult, if not impossible to arrive at any necessary and universal knowledge. Put differently, it will be impossible to explain the possibility of any scientific knowledge as well as the relationship between cause and effect that enable the mind to grasp any scientific truth according to Kant.

With the critique of pure reason, Kant mean to determine the limits and scope of metaphysics which is the domain of reason , hence, when he talked about pure reason, he meant the faculty that embraces the a prior forms of knowledge which is the sources of the transcendental ideas compare to the intuitive reason.The same is true that Kant mean by the term "Critique"- the reflective examination of the validity and limits of human capacity. in a nutshell, Kant is of the view that free rational inquiry adequately support any essential human interest.

It will be observed that Kant, the German philosopher, has already had the answer to the question that bridges the gap between the two schools of thought, which is that of Rationalism and Empiricism. It is in that perspectives, that Kant prefigures the way human come to know things or objects. In his view, people are not passive perceive[b][/b] observing the world. In accepting the view of the Empiricist predecessor, our knowledge begins with experience, but it does not follow that it arises out of experience.

It must be observed that Empiricist is of the belief in the sense-perception, induction-from particular to general things and that there are no innate ideas. And that sense experience is the ultimate source of our concept and knowledge. On the other hand, Rationalism is of the belief in innate ideas, reason and deduction- from general to particulars. And of which in a significant way, concept and knowledge are gained independent of sense experience.

It will be observed however, that in the Out-side in-approach of the Empiricist; the object tends to cause the passive perceiver to have sensation according to John Locke, or impression according to Hume. But because of the categories of –Time and Space and with a kind of form of intuition, there seems to be imposed on experience principle by the human mind just to make sense out of it, and this is what he comes to call the –“Copernican Revolution”, and it was like when Copernican rejected the very idea that the sun revolved around the Earth.

In fact, Kant tends to solve the problem of how the mind acquires knowledge from experience by imposing principle upon experience to generate knowledge. Of cause, Kant is simply saying here that in order to have knowledge the mind must have a set of further organizing principles, that can be found in the faculty of understanding. The question is what is understanding?, Briefly, understanding takes time and energy to be acquired different from knowledge which is skill acquired through experience and education. Knowledge in Kant view is like a biscuit, which is the product of certain dough made of flour, and processed by a form of pressed biscuit.
The same is true, that knowledge is a product of content of which the senses feels and understand through space and time as a form of intuition that work in combination. According to Kant, the essential elements are both –a prior- beyond experience and a posterior- based on experience. It will be observed that without –sensation, object cannot be perceived and without understanding, object cannot be conceived.

In the Critique of Pure Reason, Kant asserted that thought with content and perception or the way object is noticed without conception or process of forming idea is but blindness. The same is true that understanding can perceive nothing just the same way as the senses can think of nothing. Hence knowledge can only arise from a united action because the mind has categories of understanding that codify and catalog to make sense of the world. According to Kant, the mind cannot not afford to experience anything that is filtered through the mind’s eye and we can never know the true nature of reality. Thus it follows that perception is reality, hence, what we are able to perceive and are aware of, is what act as reality.

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Please, next time you have such money to spend in our dear beloved country, do it in such a way the the ordinary people on the street feel your presence, instead of the big project that for the next decade many of us may not leave to see. Thanks.

Yes , enough of any hasty judgment of any kind, instead, we should get down to do the basics through the Nigerian historical back-ground-check to figure our some of the turning issues and individuals responsible for the setbacks.

Yes , enough of any hasty judgment of any kind, instead, we should get down to do the basics through the Nigerian historical back-ground-check to figure our some of the turning issues and individuals responsible for the setbacks.

Yes , enough of any hasty judgment of any kind, instead, we should get down to do the basics through the Nigerian historical back-ground, to figure our some of the turning issues and individual that is really responsible for the setbacks.

After the salient point of behavior, habit and attitude, let us now see to that of Character in respect to behavior. In its general definition, Character is said to be a set of qualities that differentiate an individual from others. While behavior tends to refers by the way we are behaving, in our actions and reactions in relation to the environment and others.

Behavior can be defined in general terms as the way we act, because it tends to give the general picture of an individual through an action and reactions that is subject to change with different purpose and with environmental influence, of which a typical example is the behavior towards family in the home and friends outside the home.

The same is true that Behavior is the manner in which an individual manage and carry himself at any given situation. It must be observed, that through our life time, our behavior always comes to be influenced by one situation or the other and may be acceptable or unacceptable and good or bad, because it relate to mind and feeling.

In the basic daily individual activities, behavior is highly portrayed by attitude, because it involved our predisposition to idea or people. This is because it begins in the mind to reflect in our body to display as behavior that could be aggressive or passive depending on the situation.

Character on the other hand, is said to hereditary, as it passes on certain quality from parent to children, like their appearance and intelligence etc. Often, people tend to impersonate character as they deliberately behave to let others think that is their character of which the contrary may be the case. The same is true that it is difficult to judge character by one’s look, because what an individual may appear outwardly may be quite different from inward part.

In this context, Character is basically of who you are, of which Behavior is basically of what you are, because it comes from your lively and energetic emotion, while the energies for the character comes from the mind. It must be observed that the essential energies have a short-term response to any situation.

It will be interesting to note that Character and Behavior are both interrelated with equal impact in an individual life. The same is true, that while character may have direct influence on our behavior, but behavior come to have direct impact on character that may be positive or negative.

It will be observed that while Behavior is appearance, externally supported by feeling and mind of individual, without being confirmed, Character on the other hand, have the support directly from the mind and feelings of individual contrary to external support of behavior.

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Let me say this that Nigerian must strive to live as one. The Fulani have been living in this country call Nigeria for decade, I mean we have being living together, just like every other people, although not without problems.

Therefore, we must continue to cohabit without fueling any ethnic sentiment, instead, we should be thinking of how to make Nigeria great, instead of continuously dwelling on the irrelevancy like the politics of Ruga, when we should be thinking of how to better the life of every including the Fulanis who I thinking are not stranger to Nigeria.

Nigeria as a country, to my modest estimation is just not doing what it suppose to be doing, hence, it makes one to think that -sometimes intelligent people are not immune from being irrational and in total subjection to the subconscious in complete disagreement with the conscious part of our being.

In my last article, I spoke about behavior and habit. This time around, I am speaking about Behavior and Attitude. This is because in my view, these concepts, no doubt tends to have some telling effect in their influence, be it positive or negative, in our day to day activities both as individual and society. And often, we are very passive and unaware of their impact, in our interaction with others.

Of cause, our behavior and attitude, no doubt, often times have its contribution to our failure or success toward an objective in whatever will choose to do in our interaction with others.

It is in the light of this, one must be aware to put in check our behavior and attitude due to its long term implication in the area of value judgment in the society.

As it were the concept of Behavior tends to relate to the expression of our feelings and through the body language in general.

It has being observed that our behavior has an inherent trait of an organism, toward its environment and other organism including man. And organism may come to have similar behavioral patterns in any individual of which how we react to things can affect our behavior.

The same is true that the term Moral implies behaviors set by our social norms, whether we respond or not that may eventually come to depend on our belief system. Such belief system that may be easy to contend with or with certain difficulty due to the situation that may affect our behavior.

It is also true that there are acceptable or unacceptable behavior which is measured with different mode of behavior to determine which is acceptable behavior or otherwise. With the societal norms of good and bad behavior, implies a value judgment, not in isolation, that says that some form of behavior are socially acceptable in the interest of the majority.

On the other hand, the concepts of Attitude tend to involve the predisposition to ideas, people and values, because it begins in the mind and reflect in the body to emanate as behavior. And such behavior can be aggressive, assertive and passive in nature depending on the situation, but can vary in strength to have either positive or negative effect but not without ambivalence, apathy and indifference. It must be observed that attitude tends to change according to individual experiences, although not without hereditary factors that may affect our attitude.

The act of introversion or extroversion is both an attitude, just like conscious and unconscious is attitude. The same is true that the act of rational and irrational is attitude that involves thought and feelings. The extroversion as an attitude gets their motivation from external source with the tendency to act first before thinking. While the introversion type of attitude think before acting and always with reserved tendency.

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When it has to do with improving ourselves, and this could be individually or collectively, it is imperative we take into consideration our Behavior and Habits. Because these concepts goes a long way to influencing our focus and determination in their advantage and disadvantages in any individual and indeed, in our collective psychology.

It must be observed that the aim of this write up, however, is simply to remind us of the impact of behavior and habit in our daily activity. This is to enable us to put them in constant check through awareness and reflections in other to overcome the hurdle of challenges we tends to face, although, not without other similar concepts of the like of attitude that often play out during interactions with others.

However, to be clear, it will be appropriate to define these two concept in order to identify them and know how they interact and impact our daily life as individual and as a society.

It must be observed that we are distinct and unique from one another, not only in physical aspect but also in our attitudes and behavior. We are told that our behavior is an inherent trait of an organism towards our environment and other organisms.

But come to be controlled by what biology refers to as "endocrine and nervous system", hence, the very complexity of our behavioural pattern come to be set by the complexity of the nervous system. These two concepts, of Behavior and Habit tends not to be taken seriously in our every day activities, and yet they often have a disorganizing effect both in the life of individual as well as that of the society at large. Often, in an act of generosity or of wickedness, these two concepts tends to be taken for granted, consciously or unconsciously.

But in reality, they remain a salient issues and being denigrated in our daily activity.
In psychology, a person is often come to be described through behaviors and habits, the individual may possessed. The reason is that, such behaviour and habit tends to tell the character and identity of the individual as well the overall attributes of that person.

Although, these two concept seems to be misuse as one and the same, but the reality is that they are different, when it comes to defining the character and identity of any individual at any given time.

Therefore, Behavior means the overall reaction or response to various stimuli and other internal or external input that may be volontery or not, at any give environment. And any such common behavior can be acceptable or unacceptable.

And we often come to judge behavior acceptability by social norms and by nature, we tends to abide by these norms. The same is true, that as a basic human action, our individual behavior tends to depend a great deal, upon the behavior of others, whether we are aware or not. Therefore, it must be observed that our behavior, apart from being a response to an environment or a situation, it also the overall reaction to the different actions in coordination with any given situation in any surroundings.

But this often happen, through the individual system or organism that may be volunteer or involuntary.
In their differences, Habit, is an act we repeat until it becomes automatic, which is often unnoticed due to its subconscious nature. While Behavior is the reaction of the system due to impulses around it.

The same is true that habit being the act manifested repeatedly and subconsciously becomes a routine at some point.Because it is an act we do over and over again, which in most cases, has its advantage and disadvantages.

But it does require to be checked due to its positive aspect of learning which is compulsory to enhancing our intellectual stride at any given time.
Another major difference is that while Habit is subconsciously repeated, even when not sometimes intended, it is often unconsciously done.

Behavior, on the other hand, is the reaction to any outside impulses, often, consciously done.The same is true, that behaviour becomes an output of any individual towards any given environment or situation, while habit becomes an input of any environment or situation and in particular, for certain individuals, through which emanate the the very saying of- "habit die hard".

Therefore, habits and behavior could lead any one to be complacent to the most obvious things due to the subconscious and unconscious nature in our life.
Often, certain individual are quick to dismiss these salient and yet basic concepts with a wave of hand.

This is true , in particular, in modern politics and economics and yet they remain a complex and stunning issues that required to be tackled through education. Because any adequate educational system has the potential to unravel certain historical problem through these concept in the society, although, these concepts often come to treated as a none issues.

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The behavior of man often comes to be viewed as spontaneous and responsible most of the time. But very often, it is recognized that his inner determination comes to be disconnected as if he is not to be held accountable for his behavior. We have not been able to reject the accumulating evidence that there are circumstances beyond his control most of the time.

Because of this singular fact, man tends to be exonerated as one is forced to point to the external circumstances beyond his control. The same is true, that the uneducated is no longer to be blamed for his ignorance neither the unemployed for his laziness. Therefore, ignorance of the law is no longer inexcusable, as it were. It will be recalled in the scripture- “Father forgive them, for they know not what they do”.

The insane have long since been clear of responsibility for his own condition. But the neurotic or psychotic behavior seems to be multiplying by the day. The common man is regarded as the product of his environment, but the right of personal credit is often regarded to be for the great men for their investment. And we want to believe that the right- minded individual is moved by valid principle even though we are willing to regard wrong-minded individual as victims of erroneous propaganda. The same is true that often, backward people may be faulted for poor tradition and culture.

We also observed in this perspective that ,often Moslem children in general becomes Moslem just as Christian children becomes Christian and we are never willing to accept an accident of birth as a base for any particular belief. Therefore, we dismiss those who disagree with us as victim of ignorance and regard the promotion of our religious belief as something more than the arrangement of a particular environment.

Of cause, all are but a transition, because we have not totally done away with the traditional philosophy of human nature as to come to term with the current dynamic of evolving reality but not without reservation. It might be accepted in part, the very assumption of determinism- according to the belief that people are not free to choose what they like or how they behave, simply because these things are decided by their background over which they have no control.

But it is only to allow superstitious, call it first allegiance and personal aspiration to rise in defense of the traditional view. However, humanity is currently engaged in what might be regarded as “patchwork” syndrome in which new facts and methods tend to be assembled in accordance with traditional theories. But the problem is not so much with theoretical issue but with practical issue as well, because often, one affects the other. History has informed us about the primitive belief about man and his place in nature which is often flattering. The same is true that science on its part tends to lack in its responsibility to paint man in more realistic picture.

[b][/b] It is self-evidence though, Copernican in his famous theory of the solar system, displaced man from his pre-eminent position at the center of things. Today everyone tends to accepts this theory without emotion, but initially it met with enormous resistance. It must be observed that science may tell us how to deal with human behavior, but may not be able to tell us what is to be done, which is essentially a non scientific issue.

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In the word of Margret Mead, “a small group of thoughtful individual could change the world, indeed, it is the only thing that ever has” and in fact the same is true of the opposite. In any political form, ideology becomes the central domain through which any political party stair its cause of action, due to the typical form in which such ideology is presented to influence the political thought and not without the imaginative creativity.

For instance any self –reliance development as a concept is often rooted in political ideology, of which of cause, is not without commitment and focus with the consequence of task formation of what need to be done that differ from other political parties.

Any such task formation must be built into self-confidence and fearlessness that may uplift the very spirit in the aspiration to do greater things different from what has already been done. Historically, the very concept of self-reliance, is not just to improve once lot, but a sort of an organize struggle, be it individual or collective that goes against any historical notion that tends to undermine the value and complexity of the central purpose of which human being come to represent.

The concept of self-reliance tends to reside in the very realm of psycho-political rather than the economic, as it often being assumed. It is significant to know that nature tends to lead humanity through change after change, and sometime through peaceful means as long as we co-operate it. But on the contrary, the opposite is often the case, when we tend to neglect, and choose the act of extreme abuse and passiveness. It must be observe that, nature no doubt, enforce the law of fixation of habit and instinct in every living thing, even lower than rational human being; just the same way it enforces the law of change and rational habit in every living thing higher than irrational animal. In this perspective, close attention and discipline, no doubt, come to make the difference.

It is imperative that this device of change being embodied in the human inheritance, and in the complexity of human being, must be adequately utilized without distraction and passivity. This must be put into use in the very habit of reflection in order to master the cause of our fear of change which is impediment to the overall pattern of the universe. Because to conform to the overall plan of the universe of change or perish, seems to have always be nature’s warning we seems to have being so passive about due to distraction.

The same is true that often times, the very fear and failure and indeed, the shock of disappointment is designed to shake loose the fixed habit we often tenaciously refuse to let go due to our complacency. Be this, as it may, it often tends to serve as a device through which to adapt, embrace and learn a better habit to enhance our lots, not for the purpose to denigrate our advancement.

It is also true that education, which is the bedrock of transformation, must also be allowed to affect our mindset through which we grow and develop from the inside out. The law of change requires a high degree of thinking process and reflection, found through human experience of invention that compels man to develop the mind power. The understanding of this reality is the result of inalienable heritage of nature of which the like of Thomas Fuller, also known as”Negro Tom”, the Virginia calculator was an epitome and a beneficiary with the like of bunch of others in the history man.

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Congratulations and happy birthday with the best wishes, and long life and prosperity.

Congratulation and happy birthday with the best wishes, and long life and prosperity.

Yes, it is unfortunate that Nigeria politics is without Ideology,and does not seems to put into consideration what I may call the humanity aspect in everything it does.

I said this simply, because it is not supposed to be about north east divide politics rather, it is supposed to be about the people of Nigerian in respective of class or creed. But unfortunately, what we seems to see is all about abuse and misuse of "letters" or misinterpretation, instead, if you like, as read in the National anthem. I am not an Igbo, but the idea of not considering the Igbo in the scheme of Nigeria politics, do not seems to really make one feel ok.

The reason is clear, that often they speak about " rotation and character" in the constitution, but it does not often play out that way in reality. Rather, what we see is often politics of individuality and not collective or about people.

I think we should love our self and love Nigeria and read our history to stair the cause of Nigeria politics instead of been so passive and inconsiderate because Nigeria is a great Nation whether anybody like it or not.
My congratulation to the current senate president and all his followers.

Yes, this is the history, lam not a racist, but it was clear Blacks were naturally grifted like every other race. But knowing this history , why the blacks still finding it difficult if not impossible to rise above this psychological problems.
Taking the Africans for example, in spite of their independent, instead they seems to be moving on with the idea of self hate and choose to do as if history is telling them nothing.

I did just like to make this point that, there seems to be this male dominance attitude rooted in African culture.

But as Christian, the Bible also speaks about submission and respect . But unfortunately, a bunch of male do not take this into account seriously, even though before any married they under take a lot of counseling session.

I do think, some of this female forks are directly or indirectly responsible in what often play out to be an abuse, which is not peculiar to our culture.