I did just like to make this point that, there seems to be this male dominance attitude rooted in African culture.

But as Christian, the Bible also speaks about submission and respect . But unfortunately, a bunch of male do not take this into account seriously, even though before any married they under take a lot counseling session.

I do think, some of this female forks are directly or indirectly responsible in what often play out to be an abuse, which is not peculiar to our culture.

A job hazard analysis is an exercise in the detection of hazard at work. The goal is to discover some of the followings;-
1. What can go wrong?
2. What is the likely consequence?
3. How could it arise?
4. What could be other contributing factors?
5. How likely that any such hazard could occur?

To make the job hazard analysis useful, it is important to document the answers to the above questions in a consistent manner. Because describing a hazard in this way helps to ensure that any effort to eliminate the hazard and implement hazard controls will help target the most important contributors to hazard detection.

The same is true that any good hazard scenario describes the followings;-
1. The (Environment) where it is happening.
2. The (Exposure) of who or what is happening to.
3. The (Trigger)-what precipitate the hazard?
4. The (Consequence)-of the outcome that would occur, should it happen.
5. And other contributing-(Factors)
In other to remember the five hazard areas, the what come to be known as (acronym...), we have this -(MEEPS)-that signifies - Materials,

Equipment, People and System.
1. Environment- This is an area that include facility design, hazardous atmospheres, noise etc. And other areas in the workplace that is dusty, wet, too hot, existence of dangerous gases etc.
2. People- This area include unsafe behaviors at all levels in the workplace. Such behaviors as taking short cut and not using PPE and ignoring safety rules all together.
3. System- Every company always has some degree of -safety and health management system.
4. Therefore, it is good to always think of the “state “of such SHMS-(Safety and Health Management System) -as a condition. Because if the System is not working, it may result to behaviors that ignore safe working practices that contribute to accidents in the workplace.

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As a Nigerian, we will always claim you Joshua, loosing or winning. Be strong, next time you going to claim your crown. Remain blessed and remained great.

As a Nigerian, we will always claim you Joshua, loosing or winning. Be strong, the time you going to claim your crown. Remain blessed.

In the last write up, a very fair assessment was made, when I said both inductive and deductive could be good to use, except that the unique environment and if you like, the context of which is applicable must be put into consideration. The same is true, that as an instructional method of approach, not all subjects, the inductive method is actively used, just like not all subjects the deductive method could be actively used, due to the advantages and disadvantages that exist in both methods that may vary from one area to the other.

As an instructional approach, the teacher must make a choice when it comes to teaching concepts, skills and process as a method of application, as regard the learning outcome desired. In the event of such choice, it must be remembered that “Deductive method” is teacher-centered, while the “Inductive method” is student-centered. Then, the next consideration is how personalized should we make such learning be. It must be emphasized that when talking about personalized, we meant how involved in the learning experience coupled with the active participation of which only the inductive instructional approach could allow.

In the deductive instructional approach, which is –teacher-centered, it is a structured learning experience , focus on the students prior-experence in the learning process to provide the required active participation through the teacher as teacher-centered. It will be observed that, although, deductive instructional approach, is more predictable due to information and the sequence of presentation, but nevertheless, it lack an in-depth of understanding and the rate of retention desired and the act of remembering more when learning occur. The reason is that as the student-centered instructional approach, it is like learning on the job with active participation through observation in the first –person approach.

Of cause, this is not just about given explanation of a concept, with bunch of examples that encourages dependency on others sources.
The inductive instructional approaches give new knowledge, and it is a method of discovery through which the learner have the opportunity to observe and experience to raise question from the very learning experience. And this can take place during what may look like exploration process from particular to generalization, of which the students are guided to avoid ambiguities in the process in inductive approach.

This writer is submitting, to be in favor of “Inductive Method” in terms of application not only in the area of instructional approach but also in other area of developmental activities. The reason is very obvious, such that the “deductive method” that has often being in use, has not yielded the need result in terms of development, due to its nature of dependency. In order to carry out adequate hygiene, be it political or environmental hygiene, to use Prof. Lumber’s word, there is need to starts from the particulars and work towards the general situation of things.

Beside, the overall value of responding promptly in the first- person to questions and observations of learners and the role that awareness and consciousness come to play in such development process cannot just be dismissed.

[b][/b]Therefore, the Inductive method which is independent nature has a higher learning experience. It is also with a higher order of thinking skill utilized in its authentic learning and strategy with direct experience in every area of application in the process, hence, could be the one to work in a complex environment like ours, that lack so much in the basics of virtually everything.

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l have had a way of speaking about the - " "Deductive" and "Inductive method" in the past in this forum. And l have always believe that both method can be applied in scientific research work and in every other human activities.

First of all, what is induction or inductive reasoning?. Inductive reasoning come to be defined, as that process which starts from the specific instance into a generalized conclusion.

Therefore, inductive reasoning, is a method of reasoning in which the premises is viewed to supply an evidence for the truth of the conclusion at any given time. In fact, it must start from the observation or question that must works its way into a theory through the examination of the related evidence.

In this context, it is the very basic of anything that must be put into consideration to work towards a better outcome or solutions, the like of any given situation, be it politics, economics, and societal development, instead of the total neglect of the basics or Fondamental of any problem.

In this perspective, inductive reasoning method of approach is completely the very opposite of deductive reasoning method of approach.

The reason is that, deductive reasoning method of approach, moves from a generalized principle known to be truth into that of specific conclusion based evidence.

Therefore, in a simple definition, "Deductive method moves from a general situation to that of specific situation, while " Inductive method moves from a specific situation to that of general situation. The question that comes to mind here, is which is the best method of application?.

To be fair, in my modest estimation, both methods are good, but depending on the context, the environment and the problem to be solved.

[b][/b]It must be made clear, though, that " Inductive reasoning method of approach, often make use of a wide range of generalization from the specific or basic and Fondamental " observations" and from data, in all conclusion, although, and in any research work it can be false.

In terms of instructional method of approach in the schools, it can also offer a great deal of advantage, for instance, as teaching method, inductive instructional method is - " student- centered" approach, while the deductive instructional method, is - " teacher-centered" approach.

For instance, in the inductive instructional method of approach, it makes use of " strategy of "observation and noticing" that often requires that student must pay attention at any given time in the classroom.

The same is true, that with this method in use, student must observe to practice the very act of noticing with rapt attention at all time.
What is "noticing"?, it is simply a process through which students becomes aware of something in particular,at any given moment, but very different from the ordinary or normal way.

Therefore, " inductive instructional method of approach, requires " noticing" the difference between a bunch of any given examples or concept in order to understand the rules that govern such differences that may exist.

In fact, instead of the normal explanation of the concept with examples,it refer the student in this case to present a bunch of examples with how it is being used through awareness to notice how it also work, because there is a rule.

However, in terms of the application of " inductive method (from Specific or basics Examples or Activities into that of Generalization or Rules, called - (Inductive Method)-if we pay a kin interest and attention and really want to advance our lots.

We will discover that our major problem in this part of the world, is that, we are either intentionally or not, ignoring or neglecting the basic or Fondamental, approach of things that ranges from - our Economic, Politics and Environment, etc that require this method of approach
.
Instead we bent in the use of the method of approach - from Generalization or Rules into Specific Examples or Activities called - ( Deductive Method) - which is currently not working in our system due to our peculiar and unique culture and environment that calls for the contrary method of approach.

Although, in scientific research work, it is working but in terms of practical activities, it does not just work in our environment, although, we seems not to be aware of this.

Indeed, it is the reason why the big cities and big houses are with everything but no good road leads to these places and the consequences of this is the complex and sometimes uncountable confusing politics without ideology in our current demos- setting.

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l have had a way of speaking about the - " "Deductive" and "Inductive method" in the past in this forum. And l have always believe that both method can be applied in scientific research work and in every other human activities.

First of all, what is induction or inductive reasoning?. Inductive reasoning come to be defined, as that process which starts from the specific instance into a generalized conclusion.

Therefore, inductive reasoning, is a method of reasoning in which the premises is viewed to supply an evidence for the truth of the conclusion at any given time. In fact, it must start from the observation or question that must works its way into a theory through the examination of the related evidence.

In this context, it is the very basic of anything that must be put into consideration to work towards a better outcome or solutions, the like of any given situation, be it politics, economics, and societal development, instead of the total neglect of the basics or Fondamental of any problem.

In this perspective, inductive reasoning method of approach is completely the very opposite of deductive reasoning method of approach.

The reason is that, deductive reasoning method of approach, moves from a generalized principle known to be truth into that of specific conclusion based evidence.

Therefore, in a simple definition, "Deductive method moves from a general situation to that of specific situation, while " Inductive method moves from a specific situation to that of general situation. The question that comes to mind here, is which is the best method of application?.

To be fair, in my modest estimation, both methods are good, but depending on the context, the environment and the problem to be solved.

[b][/b]It must be made clear, though, that " Inductive reasoning method of approach, often make use of a wide range of generalization from the specific or basic and Fondamental " observations" and from data, in all conclusion, although, and in any research work it can be false.

In terms of instructional method of approach in the schools, it can also offer a great deal of advantage, for instance, as teaching method, inductive instructional method is - " student- centered" approach, while the deductive instructional method, is - " teacher-centered" approach.

For instance, in the inductive instructional method of approach, it makes use of " strategy of "observation and noticing" that often requires that student must pay attention at any given time in the classroom.

The same is true, that with this method in use, student must observe to practice the very act of noticing with rapt attention at all time.
What is "noticing"?, it is simply a process through which students becomes aware of something in particular,at any given moment, but very different from the ordinary or normal way.

Therefore, " inductive instructional method of approach, requires " noticing" the difference between a bunch of any given examples or concept in order to understand the rules that govern such differences that may exist.

In fact, instead of the normal explanation of the concept with examples,it refer the student in this case to present a bunch of examples with how it is being used through awareness to notice how it also work, because there is a rule.

However, in terms of the application of " inductive method (from Specific or basics Examples or Activities into that of Generalization or Rules, called - (Inductive Method)-if we pay a kin interest and attention and really want to advance our lots.

We will discover that our major problem in this part of the world, is that, we are either intentionally or not, ignoring or neglecting the basic or Fondamental, approach of things that ranges from - our Economic, Politics and Environment, etc that require this method of approach
.
Instead we bent in the use of the method of approach - from Generalization or Rules into Specific Examples or Activities called - ( Deductive Method) - which is currently not working in our system due to our peculiar and unique culture and environment that calls for the contrary method of approach.

Although, in scientific research work, it is working but in terms of practical activities, it does not just work in our environment, although, we seems not to be aware of this.

Indeed, it is the reason why the big cities and big houses are with everything but no good road leads to these places and the consequences of this is the complex and sometimes uncountable confusing politics without ideology in our current demos- setting.

It is not true no one can remarry her, l can do just that if she wish. She only need only some dose of self control and the right partner can provide that, like every other.

You must avoid those who want to control your mind. When you loose your mind, you can do nothing, and you will ever remain in a state of confusion, thinking you are making progress while the contrary is often the case.

The reason is that, you are no longer in control of your mind, as you remain in passive state of mind. It also amount in the loose of self confidence in yourself. .
This is because the mind is the very instrument of transformation, and as such, it is unlimited in its potential to create what we desire, when we think.

It is fashioned this way by God, through which every human being can make a choice to control and change certain situations we no longer desire to have and to that which we desire through personal effort or through others.

Therefore, the need to be aware of this, of which many of us do not think exist in the journey if life. When we are not in control of our mind, a lot of things can just go wrong, of which we often held God responsible, even though, it was due to our passiveness, in an unconscious state at any given time.

Although, God may be wondering why we choose to do what we do, because He gave the free will to be in control of our mind and to choose what we desire. . It is also why we must must walk in the very consciousness of oneness, in order to experience this renewing of the mind to be in control at all time.

There is what is called the mind power which required that we work work without restriction to achieve what we desire to do as we upgrade through reflection in our character in the direction of the perfect will of God in our life.

But we must be ready to be in control of our mind and allow no one to control it, because it determine our progress and advancement in life. It is also true, that our prosperity is determine by the very content and quality of our mind, because being in control can change and establish a perfect structure in the renewing of our mind toward transformation to the perfect will of God.

The transformation of the mind can only come about through the process of organizing and reorganizing, programming and reprogramming, through its content in the consciousness which is sycronized with the word of God and perfect will, in our desire of the transformation.

Every day, however, we must strive to function in the expression of the content and in the working of the power of our controlled mind sycronized with God perfect will and thoughts through our reflection.

Because when we reflect in the controlled mind, there is always the manifestation of the expression of the very character and the perfect will of God, as it upgrade the content and quality of the mind in its transformation, consciously walking in oneness and stability in the silent journey of our life.
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I just wish you Madam, a hefty congratulation with the best wishes.

The stark difference between understanding and knowledge, in analogy using computer, can be found in this; we know that both programs and data can be stored on a computer disk. And data on the disk are just a bunch of oddly arranged elements (atoms) that represent one and zeros. When the computer is powered up, the programs on the disk come to be executed by the processor and the information on the disk is understood.

When looked closely what is on the disk, nothing tends to change between powers off and power on, but to any computer user, a lot, no doubt, have changed. When the screen light on the power on the computer, things starts to happen. But observe that there is a difference between a computer program just residing on a disk and one actually running and using energy, and it is important to note this difference.

The program on the disk is just knowledge, while the running program is the understanding knowledge-And this analogy applies to creatures too with the mode of knowledge and understanding.In any living creature, -programs – are called understanding, because there is energy applies and it is running but when they are not running, it is called knowledge. You can have understanding of writing, even in your sleep, but unless you are actually writing you are not use that understanding.

A game of language you might call it, but there is a subtle difference, however, between being able to understand- (not running) and actually understanding –(running). The same is true that you might be able to understand another language, but unless you are actually hearing and reading it, you are not in the process of using the very understanding of such language. Therefore, when-an understanding is not being made use of, without energy applies, it becomes an idle like–knowledge residing in the –memory-without using energy and it could be dormant.

When discussing about data, knowledge and understanding, the next thing that might happen, is to assemble these components into what might become an issues. Therefore, an issue is a combination of both knowledge and understanding that may be arrange in a specific way to help solve any problems. As human, we deals with bunch of -issues on daily bases, depending on the nature and hardly can we even notice them. But our environment presents us with these issues that become problems to either resolve or ignore them which is but a choice.

For instance, it is like a simple-issue of a pen you notice laying on the ground, because it reflected the type-SE -data into your eyes where it detected and carry out conversion of this into–knowledge of the existence of a pen.-(when -photo of light energy follow a step by step procedure in its conversion to electrons as it travel down the optic-nerve like the type SE- electric data above).

Then the Brain analyzed the knowledge of the pen lying on the ground in more specific detail, just to determine the feature of the pen. But depending on its value, you might decide to pick it up or even ignore it, but is your choice, and either case, the issue-is here resolved at that moment. (TO BE CONTINUED)

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The “Culture of Silence, in the contemporary society is a sad phenomenon, that must be frown against and prevented in its wide range of abuse in the society. According to Monsignor Charles J. Scicluna, the teaching of Blessed Pope John Paul II, posited that the truth is the basis of Justice and explicate why the culture of silence or “Omerta” is in itself very wrong and unjust in the society. Therefore, any promoter of justice must guide against what looks like a peculiar trend in the contemporary society.

It is interesting to observe that “Omerta” is a term used to describe the code of conduct of silence practiced by member of the “Mafias” click. In the “Silence of Culture” Pope John Paul II, did outlines five principles that may inform the actions of those saddle with the responsibility to investigate the allegation of any form of abuse, as to serve as the best guide, not only in the church but also in the society at large on the “Moral and Legal duty”

The first Principle, which state that “Justice is at times called truth” which implies that the culture of silence must be rejected. This is true because the principle requires the very facts to establish the “spirit of fairness” for both “the alleged victim and the accused”. There are those enemy of the truth in their “deliberate denial of known facts and misplaced concern”, that the good name of the institution should somehow be allowed to enjoy the absolute priority to the detriment of legitimate disclosure of crimes .(David Kerr,2012).

Then second Principle, which state that, “justices based on truth evoke a response from the individual conscience”. According to Mgsr. Sciclun, the very “acknowledgment and recognition of the full truth of the matter in all its devastating and consequences, no doubt, is the very “source of the true healing for both the victim and perpetrator”.

The same is true that, although, expert in psychology may have explicate how and why perpetrators are often able to develop a “coping mechanism” such as denial but the fact remains that, there is no “substitute” for the liberating effect on any conscience that may emanate from “full, humble, honest and contrite acknowledgment of sin, crime and the very responsibility for the harm and trauma caused to the victim, family and the society.

In this perspective, there is a “radical need” on the part of all, for the victim to be granted an audience, to understood, to be believed and ultimately to be treated with dignity in the tiresome journeys of healing and recovery. Opcit.

The third Principle, was that “truth generate confidence in the rule of law, while any form of disrespect for the truth generate distrust and suspicious. With these principles the Pontiff, will be remembered in the promulgation of, according to Mgsr. J .Sciclun, what come to be called the 2001, Motu proprio, “Sacramentorum sanctitatis” that tends to update and strengthen the Church’s law in dealing with allegations and incident of abuse in the society.

Therefore, it is not always enough, in the promotion of peace and order in the community, but people need to know that the law is being applied.
The forth Principle is the preposition through which Pope John Paul II, in his address of 1994 posited the duty of the church “ towards the common good, which include the safety of the children that must be of “ paramount concern, to understanding the common good” with the duty to cooperate with the state authorities and the civil society. [b][/b]

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Thanks, for your high level of reflections, observation and empathy. Of cause, it is as a result of " individualism" the society has tend to embrace over the years, instead of " the collective spirit" that has being the cure value of African culture.

Understanding must be the next learning point. Understanding is different from knowledge, even though, is actually made from knowledge. Understanding is a process that takes time and requires energy. This come to be called the –physics of energy requirement- distinguished from knowledge and data.

[b][/b] For understanding to take place, an active understanding engine- is required to process the data of understanding and knowledge. This understanding engine could take the form of a–DNA based of –life like brain or it could take the form of a computer’s central processing unit.
In the first instance, understanding is much like what the computer does, as analogy.

The knowledge is like the word stored in a -database, or the word processor program that processes the word. In other word, understanding is like a computer application program that consists entirely almost like procedural knowledge. The program or understanding come to be executed on the central-processing unit and in the case of human, it is in the- Brain. In either case, Energy is required to carry out –understanding, hence, no energy no understanding because you cannot understand when you are asleep or dead.

Understanding is like a simple data conversion from one type of Raw data to another. For instance, the eyes understand the type SE data and convert it into type EE data that travel like electricity down the optic-nerve to the Brain. It is observed that, this conversion requires energy to carry out in the eyes, of which some of the energy, no doubt comes from the-light energy, much like the solar cell converted-energy from the sun into electricity. It is like the molecular shapes of a rod and a cone cell in the retina of the eyes that perform the data-conversion under the direction of the DNA programmed as procedural knowledge.

It is just immaterial of whether this conversion requires extra energy from -cellular glucose conversion above and beyond the energy from the light itself. It is important to observe that by the physical structure and layout of the rod and cone cells in the retina of the eyeball that will enable the eyes to understand data. The same is true that each cell of the retina is a separate understanding engine that understands the very position and intensity or color of the photons of the light hitting the very part of the retina.

This procedural knowledge that makes the understanding possible, is manifested in the physical structure of the cells of the retina. It will be observed that each photo of light energy tends to follow a step by step procedure in its conversion to electrons as it travel down the optic-nerve as the type EE- electric data above. It is a process controlled by procedural knowledge stored in our DNA sequences.
An understanding’s -need for energy-is the consequence of a living brain burning glucose for energy just to understand data or knowledge. In computer it uses electrical energy to run its central processor, therefore, in both cases, no understanding without energy.

In comparison with the nature of–information-stored in a book, it requires no energy and can last for infinity. Therefore, Books and computer Disk tends to store knowledge in the form of information without the need for the power of energy in this case. This is like the Brain where the knowledge is stored in the memory cells in a way that it does not require energy to maintain the memory.

Understanding requires energy but knowledge does not, because when we went to school and learned more knowledge, we need to eat more energy food to maintain new knowledge. But it may take food to do the learning but it takes no extra energy to remember what we learned.

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Really, there are bunch of individuals who are pretty very much ashamed and hate to ask and prefer and indeed, contented to just be your friend or family member . But expect you to use your discretion,although, often get disappointed when you fail to do so, but would never say anything.But remember, every one expect you to be charitable, when they know you have so much and can afford to do so.

Walking in the consciousness of oneness is the begining of a dedicated and committed leadership of a great society. Happy Easter to all Christians.

Walking in the consciousness of oneness is the begining of a dedicated and committed leadership of a great society. Happy Easther to all Christians.

Whatever it is we must learn to walk in the consciousness of oneness, if we as a society must receive an insight into the secret of the way forward, politically or otherwise.

Really, this is what matters helping others, treating them as human beings not as animals, rational and not as irrational. Thanks Father and more of it.

I fee like saying something here, according to Pastor Alf Lukau, when he was called from the church, he was told the man was breathing , then he prayed over the man as he got up from the casket to regain himself. Therefore, he did not really claim to be responsible for the resurrection as speculated by the media. He did say as Christians we must also be believe in resurrection but did not claim to be responsible. And he did believe also, no one can mock God.

The necessity and usefulness of any ideology has come to be identified as the philosophical lodestar, a sort of principle that guides behavior or actions. Because it tends to provide the very bases of developing internally the self consistent framework. The framework that may allow a formidable social political programming gear towards rapid self-reliance development.

It is significant to understand that ideology interpreted under the flood light of metaphysics must illuminate the mind of the populace towards a concrete objective. But always with an incentive of orientation in the shaping of the collective outlook. In this perspective, such Ideology must organize the mind in other to galvanize into a concrete action along a well-defined objective, bearing in mind, the well being of the collective aspirations.

Ideology is a searchlight for the identification of those political tendencies that work against the interest of societal progress and genuine development. It tends to provide the most efficient tools for scanning and probing new concept and proposals. It also make possible and assist the mind to critically absorbed and implement rationally those concept and proposal that may be found compatible to the societal aspiration.

Thus, it enables effective mobilization to guides against any form of political mystification and confusion, as it becomes a potent instrument for diagnosing concept and proposal towards concrete objective. And in the avoidance of lack of direction and of what are essentials, but with the framework geared towards the achievement of societal cohesion.

And a non- political ideology is but an empty word that may give rise to a system that lack a clear vision and direction, as a result of historical relegation with lack of collective interest. Ideology as a conceptual scheme and a searchlight must manifest as conscious effort that reject one type of development to accept another. In this perspective, it must act as a lubricant, to oil the wheel of institution, keeping it, in the right direction without living it to be grounded . Any political ideology, must reflect the class outlook with the power of idea to invest in ethical standard and value. Thus, to uplift the cultural awareness to maximize the social instinct in the preservation and efficiency towards a viable development that reflects the aspiration of the social system.

Historically, self-reliance development, is not just a question of a mix factor, that emanate for the sake of improving the lots of the collectives.But an organize struggle against the very historical formation that tends to undermine the value system and the complexity of the society itself. Therefore, self-reliance development is a process rooted in political ideology that require commitment and extra ordinary focus to putting an end to that peripheral complexity, a kind submissiveness with its entire sender–receiver ingredients, between the institution and the society.

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Hey, no matter how hard with you, keep your cool and read more of your Bible. Remember, not all who hip dirt on you are all enemy. Bless her instead, you could be leaning your lesson.

My friend, l would advise u to try your hand in a book, due to your briliancy and experience in government, so it seems, instead, of what looks like a time waisting exercise over what, l may termed a non issue.

I think as friends they can interact in any way they like, without attaching any divisive connotation into such affair.

The paternity, of the term ideology is significant, as a science rooted with its origin from the Enlightenment era, and in particular from some of the French intellectual group of the time. And the groups were referred to as-“les ideologues” through which they sustained the science of ideas. They did not stop there, but strive to indicate the root of human knowledge in their description of the very conscience, as if it has to do with plant or animal that paves the way for the theorization of the social conditionality and human thinking.

The height of critical analysis at the time, however lead some school of thought to assert that ideology is nothing but metaphysics in its quest to investigate, what many termed – ‘the first cause or principle’ which was an insight to lay the foundation stone that could serve as a base for the political legislation of the people. Of cause, contrary to the popular held opinion of conformity and misinterpretation that has nothing to do with the collective well being. Thus the foundation stone that may serve as a base for conformity with the law, the knowledge of the human heart, taking cognizance of the historical facts of the value system of the society.

It will be observed that ‘Ideology’ is a product of conjecture, an opinion or idea, which is not based on a definite knowledge, but with the objective of prescribing what may be called-“Sum mum bunum”- (I beni commune) -to use St.Thomas Aquino’s phrase, which is for the sake of the collective well being.The crucial question, however, remains of how any given society could accept an ideology ?. However, in any event of contradictory tendency as has been so evidential for a couple of decade, of which in most of the contemporary society, ideology has no doubt, come to manifest in a different mild field of connotation.

Evidently, history and experience has shown and thought us that the primary task of any given society, is to provide for the very basic necessity of life. Therefore, any ideology must be rooted from this basics concept of the collective well being -( Sum mum bunum). Indeed, the very urge to be economically secure becomes significant and central to the very issue of (value system) of how any society comes to view life.
But make no mistake that, life in its sacredness required to be protected, because man is the very center of creation and without man it becomes difficult, if not impossible to talk about life or existence as such.

It is certainly not overstatement to add that, one of the driving force of both individual and society with this protective tendency mindset can be found in the arena of –self-reliance, and the challenge of self survival instinct. Hence, in any given society, there exists the different class outlook, due to the motivational quest to secure an identical economic security.

Therefore, it is not difficult to infer though, that any class outlook may be binding, but it is also evidence, that the prevailing ideology has not necessarily been encouraging and indeed, up to the very idea and interest of the collective well being[b][/b]. However, it was not and never meant to be an idea stern from the dominant few to control the collective majority of the society at any given point.

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Around the very concept of ideology emanate the ample conceptual vogue. Of cause, some author, in fact did call for the elimination of the term as they considered it to be ambiguous and superfluous. However, Ideology as a set of opinion or belief of group of individuals is also a set of political belief or idea that characterizes a particular culture.

Therefore, it is said to possess a polyvalence of concept with definition that seems to vary a great deal from time to time. It must be observed that often time, it has the singular privilege at the level of actions. Hence, it is the definition of a system to stabilized idea depicted as action. Thus an idea coordinated through an act to create and justify reality in any given society.

Considering the political dimension and its implications, ideology can be defined as a system of ideas and believe of the implication of an attitude of the political man toward reality of life and the society. Although, there are some school of thought, who are of the believe that ideology is a value system of opinion that determine an acceptable attitude and behavior in terms of a well-defined objective. Such objective that may stern from the development and progress of the societal aspirations.


Historically, ideology has been traced through an arc of philosophical, political and sociological dimension in modern time. There has been the manifestation of a historical profile of the very problem of ideology over time. In this context, it will be recalled of some of the modern philosopher, in their views and interpretations about ideology, among which was Spinoza who posited and initiated what many come to regard as a negative interpretation of the phenomenon of ideology, that tends to remain till successive decade.

In this stride, ideology becomes a mystification used as an insight of an objective to reinforce a type of privilege in any given political system. Therefore, ideology becomes central to any political system, due to the typical form in which such ideology may be presented, to influence the political idea with the imaginative creativity that reflect in the system, and according to “M. Mead, a small group of thoughtful people could change the world, indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”

To be continued;-

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Mega dido and congratulation for the stride as you make Nigeria proud once again.

Every day, we are beginning to see how much we have done wrong, in terms of leadership, economic and political etc. But as an Afro-optimist, I still believe we have a choice make, and it now or never, and it simply means we must be open for a drastic change, of both approach and method of applications in what we do, are doing and got to do. Except that of cause, in spite of the evidence of this deficiency in the system, a bunch of us, still think it is normal and nothing has gone wrong. Just like the scriptural saying the more we see, listen and talk, the more we are not seeing or saying nothing. What has really gone wrong with the Nigeria environment then, becomes the very question. May God Bless Nigeria.

Any active group or system with collective sense of responsibility must not fail to focus in the creation of behavioral management. The behavioral management with the concern to promote a unified citizenry foundation for the future well being of all. It must be with the core belief of unity, freedom, responsibility with development and progress, which is the cornerstone of any progressive society.

Any progressive society is not without people of strength and understanding of how to manage individual and collective affair appropriately but also must appreciate at every moment of whatever resources is at their disposal to be managed, as it were.Management as a concept is the very process to effectively and efficiently accomplish any task through the coordination and close supervision of others. Thus to adhere to the rules and regulation of any given task.

The same is true that it require to effectively understand the human behavior towards any given task and in particular on how to lead others and motivate them to carry out what need to be done.But a conducive environment must be provided to facilitate to achieving any set objective in any system, irrespective of the method of application and approach to lead the system.

However, it also requires some level of practical behavior that has often be found to characterize a successful leadership. In addition a good management in this perspective is found to depend not only in the understanding of the behaviors of others but also of the subordinates. Therefore, motivation becomes vital, simply because it facilitate the contribution to understand the aim and objective of any system.

The same is often true that leadership is not a characteristic or a quality as many comes to believe, that induce automatically other people to follow the leader. On the contrary, it is a process and a series of actions and changes that may take place with the function that bring about any desire result in the system. However, there have always been theorists of leadership traits and behaviors, just to determine what distinguishes effective leader from ineffective leader.

But they found that effectiveness, must be able to change people’s behavior, although, this may come to depend a great deal of the characteristic of the situation, and put in context of which the ability and motivation towards a set objective, come to play a vital role in the system.

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You really do not have to worry whether people care to praise your achievenent.

Instead, you only need to be focused and see how much you can blessed others through your achievement.

They love you and God love you the more and will reward you accordingly.

My God,! terribly unfortunate, may her soul rest in perfect peace.

The notion of common good can provide what one may called the touchstone of domestic program with hopeful and realistic favorable economic condition without resulting to any excessive consumption more than we can produce. In this perspective, there is a need for a vision that may assist to reshape the public opinion in this direction. Such vision is necessary in a decaying society like ours today to project the kind of a future envisaged for the coming generation in order to govern effectively.

Coherent and inclusive visions, with public philosophy that may provide the means of adequate understanding that sympathize with the aim and objective of the governance, because the vision acts as a power to govern. This is true when measured and persuasively advocated with a strong sense of public good, not with the intent to legitimize in pursuit of self-interest in the form of large scale private acquisitiveness with continues eulogizing, with the result of large scale permissiveness and repression.

It this perspective, a long term and viable foundation can be laid with significant structural reform as oppose to what one might called the technocratic fine-turning system that often fail to address the issue of the common good. Because in the face of the current challenges and in what looks like intractable problems of various kind, there is the need to look out for a new opportunities in our mind of what is appropriate to ask as to whether it is time to have a change of direction, an opening and restructuring.

Of course, the current problems are of peculiar nature and have to be treated as such. The theme-“common good “when effectively represented in word and action, no doubt, could breathe fresh air into our mind-(sense of inclusiveness)-that we all expect that would allow us to consider our problems in a new way.However, there seems to be two ways in what looks like a double – barreled weakness in the present predicament and they are centered in the economy and position which is to remind our fellow citizens in clear terms, of the need for a common commitment and standard for the sake of posterity.

[b][/b] The same is true that, this can be done, by recalling our common history and record of our achievement, and why not, our failure and defeat. It can be done best in schools and conferences, encouraging citizens to actively join with others to positively generate a vigorous debate, towards an inclusive democratic climate as a catalyst for a significant and enduring positive change. Currently, there is overwhelming demand for a more broaden focus on common good that required a new vision for public deliberation that also serve as public awareness gear toward a radical reform to reshape our democratic culture .

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At any point in time, the “Cross” remains the place and moment of where the sacrifice overcomes everything. This is not only in the Christian perspective but also in the ordinary fault finding situation or an attempt to make any individual a victim of one thing or the other. In its final analysis, this culminated in the announcement and realization of this in Jesus on the Cross.

Because, if there were any problem at all, it is the problem that Christianity have come to an end in making this known and to embark to spread other vision in the necessity and consequence of exaltation of the sacrifice.

Then the interpretation of being responsible and with the inability to recognize that it is the cross that actually put to death the sacrifice is another. And if this was so, the question to ask is, is there a risk in the separation between Christianity and history?. The answer is no, because the cross is the liberation, and not a condemnation in term of the theological thought from St. Augustine to St. Thomas Aquinas and Kierkegaard. In this perspective, it would seems the sacrifice has lost its value.

But the reality is that, the question that remains is another, which is the ambiguities that exist between donation and sacrifice through which it also make sense in Nietzsche, the German philosopher in his pathological characteristic of the so called the –“Religious man. Although, one may not partake in such idea-or interpretation even if it has some valid element.

The sacrifice, in this context tends to find its place in the logic of cheat and in the very context of economy that has cut short, of the actual suffering that becomes the task of compensation for the future as a form of retributive mechanism. The donation on the other hand tends to be subtracted from this logic because it is the act that finds in itself the reason,-to-be, in the dimension of absolute dedication of a model that Nietzsche used as the connection between mother and child. It is exactly this connection that takes place on the Cross after it has being prefigured in the sacrifice of Isaac.

There is a reason as to why this episode of Ancient Testament, of which some philosopher of old became so passionate about, in the nature of the suspended sacrifice of Isaac. That Abraham did not cut the body of Isaac, simply means, the victim is not Isaac but the device of the sacrifice. In this context, the son becomes “insacrificeable, and the same is true that man in his “singularity” is forever subtracted from being sacrifice, as he comes to represent the most important acquisition of Christian Politics.

But why politics, one might ask ?, this is simply because the mystery of the sacrifice has being the basis of political ideology from the Ancient authoritarian till the present contemporary fundamentalism of our time. The moment we come to the awareness that the “sacrificial spirit” is also outside Christianity, it becomes very difficult, if not impossible to want to get rid of any man in the name of any presupposed “idea”.

Because deep down, there remain the awareness that in every man, is found the very face of God, or the image of God that permit a reciprocal relationship that fertilized the character of awareness of the –“insacrificeable” and singularity of this individual called man, last created among all creation.
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