₦airaland Forum

Reading through, i thought of it as impossible.

mayor2013:
Far fetched from it. Recently a client of mine had this con rod issue with her toyota rav4 2005. Oil sipping out all through engine block. This is a car that had been used for atleast 2years. Something triggered this to happen. We later found out that on a day when she tried to get help when the car broke down, the radiator cap wasn't closed properly and the car over heated badly. So ask your friend what actually went wrong. I respect your point but I still think it doesn't coincide with what happened to your friend's engine

On overheating as the probable cause, i am of the opinion that long before the conrod would self destruct due to over heating, the engine should have stopped running. That is because, the pistons experience more heat which expands them and sieze the engine. Many people experience overheating on a daily basis, what happens is that the engine sieze up (expanded pistons), the head gasket burns and the head cylinder warps but for the connecting rod to break is something i have not imagined. My friend has confirmed that he didnt notice over heating and over heating has not been a problem for a long time.

I have also read people linking lack of oil as a cause of failure. In this case, oil did flowout in considerable amount that should eliminate this assumption.

My friend told me a long piece of a metal did the damage. From his description, i guessed the entire beam of the conrod broke at both ends. One end probably broke first and when it hit the engine block or sump it broke the other end also sending it loose. I can only guess that it failed due to fatigue or stress which had been previously exceeded probably by a crash, over revving, racing etc. Of course conrod defect is a probable cause too.

GAZZUZZ:
please explain

Most imported engines are sourced from cars which are destroyed by accident. An engine may be affected by that accident but may not exhibit such effects immediately but it will later on.

I imagine the conrod failed at its usual point of failure, the cap bolts or nuts which may have taken a lot of stress during the accident that they have been on the verge of failure.

It is my believe that this early demise is a result of what probably happened to the donor car.

kingreign:
Sad end of the engine. I'd advice he fix up the car and sell it off. The cash he's gonna spend is not gonna be cheap.

He told me to start advertising the car. He got 2 options from KD. 300k toks and 170k from accident car. He is pursuing the cheaper option. As even the toks is usually from accident cars.

It is my believe that this early demise is a result of what probably happened to the donor car.

Engine oil sump - buttom plate

Hey guys, this is to annouce the sudden and unexpected demise of my friend's engine. He was traveling and heard a bang from the engine bay then stopped. He immediately saw all engine oil flowing out. On spot investigation showed broken or pierced oil sump. Further investigation after the car was towed to shop showed significant puncture to engine block.

Apparently, a conrod did the job.

kingreign:
Jeez! So sorry about the terrible incident that happened to his car.

I confirmed from him this morning, the engine block was punctured by the conrod. He is looking for a new engine in Kaduna.

This engine was installed recently from this thread https://www.nairaland.com/2384754/advice-needed-repair-2008-honda and was in very good condition before this happened.

Shift solenoid - gear box sensor.
Radiator - Lagrator
High intensity Discharge lamps - fluorescent light
Fender/engine splash shield - Sand protector

kingreign:
Howfa my brother, nothing from you as regards your friend.

He couldnt find time.

He traveled out of Abj today and the car broke down on an engine related problem. He said he heard a bang and stopped to check and saw his entire engine oil flowing down from the sump. He said it was broken. I will get more info tomorrow.

adanny01:
Am happy to inform that I did open the cruise control steering unit this morning. I cleaned the contacts for the buttons and everything worked when i tested.

On the radio, i had previously made about 4 repairs on it. I bought the car with the radio display backlight and HVAC LED button lights all off. The CD wasnt playing some disc too. The display was repaired and the lens cleaned that first time. There are a lot of videos on youtube on the lighting issue. Later the CD stopped playing again so i went back which was resolved by just cleaning the lens. The third time was when i started experiencing the flicker on/off and still CD selecting CDs. Both were repaired around Sept last year. The flicker came back December increasing in intensity daily. In fact, the radio goes off when i turn A/C on and remains off till some minutes after turning A/C off.

3 weeks ago, on a return trip from Zaria using A/C through out, the radio went off completely. So i stopped at the radio mechanics shop. The radio never came on thereafter. I opened it up this morning inspecting the board for problems, the back light which was fixed long ago went blank again this time no radio no lights. I will give the board to a different electronics guy to solder as much parts as he can. That seem to be what has been done before now.

If that fails, i will budget for a 6 loader. There are 3 types of the unit. 1st is 6loader dual zone climate control, 2 is 6loader manual climate control and lastly ours with 1loader manual climated control. I intend to buy the 2nd type which my inquiry puts it at 25k in Abj.

This afternoon, i went to Panteka in Kaduna to get something for my car. I thought to myself since there are so many accident cars here, it should be cheap to get the radio circuit board from a damaged audio system.

On inquiry, i got a very clean one. Apparently, the guy sold the audio system in parts, the last being the circuit board and the metal casing which he sold to me at 5k. The part number is exactly like mine and the electrical components shone almost like new.

I installed myself and was disappointed when the radio didnt come up. I ran back to him, he found the radio fuse broken. I was disappointed with myself for not checking it up before today. That meant, my own circuit board might have not been completely fried but somehow has enough problems to kill the fuse. The fuse was replaced and the radio is fine. 20k has been avoided.

The guy wanted to keep my circuit board, telling me its of no use but i held onto it.

330KV is 25m

Secondly, its KV- Kilo Volts not KVA-Kilo Volt Ampere

n3xt:
It's much easier to maintain a road with side drainages. Easier to link up residential drain pipes to the side drainages.

This is very good in Nigeria context where people choose to dump the refuse into the drainage during the rains.

________
Every construction problem and challenges should be placed on government.
If there's strict enforcement of laws and regulations binding construction and town planning in Nigeria, then we wouldn't be here to discuss most topics.
We have too many professionals yet we are making so many avoidable mistakes.

If government had mandated it for every construction to produce EIA report for each building and carry out basic tests and investigations, a lot of this issues won't have been discussed.

The OP of that post is right to some extent that government (through their contractors) is trying to build infrastructure at a lesser cost. Who wouldn't want that anyway?
The fact that some buildings will be affected by the raising of the road level does not make doing the right thing the wrong.

It only exposes the lapses on the part of our local planning authorities.
People should have gotten all this information from the land registry or town planning office prior to construction.


Brabus

________
Some will argue if the owners had carried out a test to establish the road level, he won't be caught up in the mess.

I will subscribe that government do more in the area of physical planning by providing more information on various lands in the state. The proposed roads, the waterways, flood plains, required setbacks, low lands, estimated flood levels, minimum foundation height, etc. This will help more people to make an informed decision on where to build and invest. One should be able to walk in to the town planning office to request for such information prior to buying of a land.

The above can only happen if government is continuum.


__________
As seen on the picture the OP posted on the thread, the house is below road level hence it is flooded.

Street road elevation can be higher or lower relative to adjoining properties. Everything depends on topography. It is very difficult for a property owner to predict road elevetion but he can protect his house from flood.

Every property owner as well as the government have responsibilities. Both responsibility is limit by funds. If government had the money in abundance and limitless, every road and street in Nigeria should be under construction. In managing the shortage of funds, contracts are awarded under a scope which could be revised sometimes with monetary implications.

Like i mentioned in the thread, i supervised a road construction during my NYSC. The completed drainage according to scope of the contract created serious flood to houses situated at the discharge plain. That was the most economical discharge point. The most economical solution is to extend the construction of drains into the street but that was beyond the scope of the contractor and of course, he would not use his funds. The only thing to do is to write a recommendation which we did as consultants. The process for extendjng the contract includes apropriation in the state assembly and alot of other processes. The ministry just decide it can only be considered next time they are considering new projects.

There are two things about the government that makes it difficult to attend to such needs of its citizens; bureaucracy and corruption. Every government in my view knows its responsibilities and wouldnt mind doing it but when you bring these factors in, government becomes slow and ineffective.

Property owners have their responsibilities. Some people build their houses inviting flood into it ignorantly, the blame cannot be on government. From the second pjc the op shared where he indicated "flood". Ideally that place should be fill with laterite. The question is who does the filling? If the contractor does, that would create a lateral pressure on the fence or house leading to a possible failure. In this situation, the contractor just leaves the site without doing what he ought to.

Even in construction of roads, EIA is conducted. The impact of the flooding to a certain small percentage of houses on a street because of a road does not over ride the benefit of development to the entire community.

lastpage:
Whose Job is it to employ a qualified Structural Engineer to design the "STRUCTURES" of their Home..... before giving the Design to a Builder to implement?

In that answer lies your claims?

How are you even sure the Builder cant provide proof that he did 'advice'?
Can you engage "unqualified and uncertified" people to build your house in those climes you are referring to?
Can anyone even enter that site without a protective gear and Hi-Vis, not to talk of working there?
Comparisons have to be "balanced".

This place is not a Law court but believe me, when things get to court, it becomes a different ball-game because our laws here are "Adversarial", meaning "the accused is innocent, unless you the accuser can prove him guilty"! That is, the burden of proof is on the accuser.

In those climes you are talking about, the legal system is not adversarial meaning, the accused is guilty...unless he can prove himself innocent.!

Lets leave the Court out of this matter for now, both parties have decided to work together to resolve the problem.
We all free aggrieved but I am sure both Contractor and Client know they both have fault and contributed to the problem.

Cheers.


Lastpage!

No difference from my view except that a builder is also a professional who should know not to do certain things. Even if the client is at fault, the builder should know and either do the correct thing or back out from the contract. If he goes ahead to do wrong, he can still be held for negligence.

Of course, Nigeria is a case study, people get away with alot of things. The builder in question is not even a professional builder. Thats why i have been reading their comments for long and have not bodered to comment.

olumide4christ:
[b]Well sir, I beg to differ with you on the bolded part of your statement above. Also note that I am not in any way holding brief for Brabus.

Contractual relationships and obligations are a major part of training for any construction professional - Architect, Quantity Surveyor, Engineer, etc. Based on that knowledge, which every construction professional as mentioned above, inside & outside this forum knows and should concur with, it is a FACT that Brabus can only be found by a court, LEGALLY GUILTY OF PROFESSIONAL NEGLIGENCE IF & ONLY IF:

1) He designed the structural drawings used for the project, in other words, he was a DESIGN & BUILD contractor engaged by Mr. Qc1 to design the drawings and also carry out the construction (some architects and engineers handle projects like these), making use of the DESIGN & BUILD procurement system.

2) He did not carry out the construction according to the structural engineer's drawings, but went ahead to implement something else outside of what has been designed.

3) He used substandard materials and methods, over and against what the structural engineer has instructed in his drawing details/information or written instructions on site.

These are the points that come to mind now, there might be others. Like I have said in previous comments, the structural engineer ought to be involved on the project and when issues arose later, he/she should bear the brunt of the client's fury, not the builder/contractor, except if the builder/contractor is found guilty of the above mentioned points.[/b]

The only saviour in my view is that the law is relaxed in Nigeria.

A builder knows he must work under the supervision of the designer. A builder is someone who is also trained in civil/structural engineering processes so cannot claim ignorance if his work goes bad. Its not just enough for the builder to claim "he adviced" without proof he did. Besides, the client may not be knowledgeable and can claim he didnt understand. The client can instruct the builder to carry out a job the builder knows will fail. That does not absolve the builder from wrong. His case may not be criminal but will be treated as professional negligence or tort.

Find people who work on glass to stop it from spreading. Avoid parking in the sun before you do.
This crack has so many tentacles that can spread like wild fire.

Mine started with a tiny dot at the edge of the wind screen when a chip of sharp sand fell from a tipper i was driving behind.

I will be driving and i would hear another crack till it progressed to the center before i had to stop it.

Benoy:
Sir, the discharge points (turn-out) you talking about naturally are of low elevation . You don't expect water to flow up, do you?. Natural course of water must be taken into consideration when designing/constructing line drain except you re changing course, and problems like this ll always arise.

The point he has tried to explain is that people build floor levels of their house within 100-500cm above the discharge area level.

Before a street drainage is built, there would have been multiple discharge points created by house owners or naturally. Building a street drainage means collecting all those discharges into one or more as the case maybe. The volume of runoff at the new discharge point would be directly proportional to all the previously existing multi discharge points put together. With the increased volume of runoff, if not handled properly will amount to serious flash floods. The only way to kill a flash flood is to increase slope. So, the higher the road the better protected the road is from flash flood.

In fact, it is more dangerous for a house to be at the same level to the road. With the road and house at the same level, both road and house are susceptible to flood. With the road higher than the house, there will be more slope and velocity of runoff water which is easier to control by any house owner. The risk of flooding will be greatly reduced in the owner does his part. If he doesnt, its not just flood, he will worry about, its his house.

Ultimately, it is better to have a fast moving body of water coming to your house than a stagnant one (flood). Fast moving water can easily be diverted with drains, while flood is not childs play.

Lastly, using the natural course of water is just economical. People build artificial islands. You can totally eliminate a discharge point through underground pipes that can even be made as a network. The cost is the main area of concern. I know Uyo has some underground drains and are building more. Thats because there are discharge points that either have been built up blocking it entirely or had no natural discharge that would create flash lakes.

nedu2000:
your illustration is a bit different,as even natural runoff will occur,with or without the construction of drainage. The highland existed before they built on valleys,thats becomes their fault. Compare with my own illustration is different

Building a road drains in a developed street is different from building a road where there are no houses with no drains.

The drain accumulates runoff water to a certain spot, usually the discharge point. The problem is that discharge points in someplaces do not have good slope to accomodate high runoff. This causes discharge areas to flood and most times onto the drains and then to the road posing danger to road users. The only solution is to make sure the road level is considerably higher to the ground level at the discharge point.

I have other points to make but kinda busy now.

nedu2000:
As roads get constructed nationwide,its more likely than not to see roads being constructed in already inhabited areas,how it has come to the fore that contractors due to maybe to cut cost of digging or just laziness tend not to consider the 'levels' on the houses in the said area.
They do the roads higher than the houses on the left/right of the said road/drain,and illustration is the 'rich' residents along abacha road in Port Harcourt who witness perennial flooding ,other areas abound in Lagos and many other cities!
What are we the residents suppose to do when a blessing seemingly calls to a curse?
Pls help

This is what we call road profile. There is the vertical and the horizontal road profile.

The vertical profile otherwise called elevation handles two major factors in road construction.
1. Cut/fill to achieve an even road surface. You dont expect a road design to follow the topography as it is. This is to avoid sudden ascend or descend of the car at design speeds of the road.
2. Drainage (camber) to send water off the road. Pooling of water on the road is dangerous to any car, therefore, the elevation of a road must be righ enough to clear any level of runoff water accumulation especially at the lowest elevation where water usually accumulates.

The horizontal profile handles curves which is not a concern to your issue.

I supervised a road construction during my NYSC, while the majority of the people of the street were so happy, a few houses realised there houses are in danger and sued to court. There issue is that since new drainage were constructed, this accumulated all the runoff water from the entire street to the premises which was directly on the discharge point. Flood became their daily problem. It is not the governments fault that they built their houses on the discharge area or flood plain.

My oga, no let this thread go solo o!

My friend's 08 Accord transmission has been acting up lately. Up and down shift between 1-2 gives a big thud. I checked and the gear oil had been short and he drove it for a while in this condition. I encouraged him to replace with DW1 ATF oil to full guage which we did but didnt change a thing.

I have not been in Abj for 2 weeks now and will be in a week or so. He had changed a sensor but the problem persist. I wish to get him your contact for diagnosis if you can drop it.

I enrolled for April 2016 diet of the Nigerian Society of Engineers exam in the process of obtaining COREN certification. I finally decided to do it because my friends and younger engrs would leave me behind in the career pursuit. In particular, my secondary school boy (junior) who later read the same course like me sat for the Sept 2015 diet but failed National Essay. He was to resit with us. This guy respects me alot and i love him like a brother.

During the course of preparations, seminars and sort, we were warned of an embarassing event that happened with the Sept 2015 diet when an external examiner caught a candidate cheating with a phone. The center was embarassed and the guy disqualified even though he passed. The story was told to us over and over again as emphasis to avoid repitition of that event.

On exam day, we were told the same story again when we sat down for the exam. The warning was resounded and particularly because the center does not want to be on the watch list for malpractice.

5 mins into the paper and before the arrival of the external examiner, i heard the center examiner shout "hey you", "what do you think you are doing"? The examiner caught a guy browsing his phone for answers. We all burst into laughter talking between use who could be so daft not to heed to the repeated warnings. The guy's phone was seized and he was sent out. I sat in the second row and the guy came from behind while people still laughed at the guy for being so stupid. Unfortunately, the only exit was through the front where every one will have a very good look at him. I imagine the kind of shame the guy must have been going through going out.

When i caught glimpse of the guy, i bent my head down as if i was concentrating on my answer booklet. The shame of the guy was transfered to me when i realised it was my boy whom we chatted before entering the hall. I prayed he didnt see me on his way out so that not to compound his shame.

He was later allowed to continue before the external examiner comes and starts asking questions on a missing candidate who had signed in on the attendance.

He wrote only 1paper so he left before me. Am now worried on how our next meeting be. I wonder why an engr employed by the FG will resort to this, then i saw the news of a lady associate prof. In law who had to resign her presidential board membership because she was caught cheating on her second masters degree examinations.

The rate of exam malpractice in Nigeria is alarming. My low grade undergraduate cert is a true reflection of what and the level i read while i saw classmates who were children of senators with better results than me colaborating with each other to get good grades.

Whats the way forward Nairalanders?

eyeview:
Look at how various groups even within the Niger delta are even condeming the acts of their fellow niger deltas. Even the Ohaneze Ndi Igbo has called on this avengers to shield their sword and accept dialogue. But the fulani herdsmen have been taking lives and sacking communities and yet no single northern group opened their mouth to condemn their action.
Even Buhari has refused to condemn it.
Even when Boko haram started off newly,Buhari stated that an 'attack on Boko haram is an attack on the whole north'

If you know something about the any terrorist group in the north, you will know they dont entertain criticisms. Any one who speaks becomes a target unless the person has planned to move abroad permanently. Fulani rustlers and boko haram alike treat those who speak against them as enemies and becomes an immediate target. The police or army will not be ableto protect.

I dont blame them.

Niger delta militants are usually just greedy set of people.

DaimlerBen:
Tyres do change volume. That's why we "inflate" and not panelbeat them.

Totally wrong there. A balloon changes volume but a tire cannot change in volume. If a tire changes volume it will go flat under the weight of the car just like a balloon would. Tire changes shape not volume and a balloon changes both shape and volume.

A balloon can be 5cm but inflated to 50cm but a 5cm tire remains a 5cm tire no matter the pressure.

Miscellaneous:
man, 3 cubes was tested & average taken ...& did u believe I wouldn't do all aforementioned under supervision ? Man, I did all that. The only mistake I made was not snapping pix before submission of the detailed report


cc: n3xt

In that case, something somewhere went wrong. The difference between the two couldnt be that much.

n3xt:
My boss, I'll be interested in reading up the journals if you can provide the source.


Meanwhile, here's my position. Base in my experiment on sand (different types available in the market), I know that River sand is the only sand to get if you're looking for quality. Just few days ago, Egunmogaji posted another type of sand supplied to him as sharp sand. If you're familiar with Lekki axis, there are nothing less than 10 - 12 types of sharp sand (Addo, Berger, BADORE, Langbasa, Chevron, Bogije, Awoyaya etc). These sand are full of silt which takes in moisture and dampens the concrete.
Since I got a dump truck for my projects, I've learnt a lot about sand and I realize that the further we dredge this material the more silt and clay is present and the more difficult it becomes for construction company's (small or big/giants) to get sand of a suitable quality.

However, crushed granite fine (otherwise called granite dust) had grades and I found it as a better alternative to low quality sand we are having around this days.

The CGF has enable us to create large amounts of sand to a specific quality and not varying qualities as it used to be. This may be one of the most overlooked causes of building collapse in Nigeria.

You'll agree with me that crushed granites do not contain impurities such as silt and clay found in most sand we use today; which makes it a stronger alternative to river sand. And there are lots of many more positives.
The only disadvantage is availability and workability which is less of an issue because we are faced with the same problem if we are to source a good quality sharp sand.

Still wondering why crushed granites is mostly used for road paving stones? For making the strongest concrete blocks?

cc: smiley001, Chekitaut, fendorf


Brabus


In 2013 while I was in Ondo, I was presented with some funny sand as sharp sand but opted for crushed granite fine as a substitute not minding the workability. I'll rather cope with the stress than use a less quality material for my build.

Everything you mentioned is inline. The basis for considering granite dust is because of the scarcity of quality sharp sand. The more silt and clay there is in sharp sand the worst it is. Am not familiar with Lagos or the south west entirely but more familiar with North west, North central and south south. South south in particular do not have good supply of both sharp sand or granite products. Rivers and Akwa Ibom states for instance have their source of granite from Cross River state. It means, granite dust is not economical to them. Even with their low quality sharp sand, it is still more economical to use it as such.

In contrast, Abuja has a very good supply of granite, making granite dust cheaper than sharp sand such that suppliers have to go outsite FCT to Kaduna, Nassarawa and even Kogi to get sharp sand.

Kogi state for instance have a very large source of sharp sand from the River Niger. In that state, no matter how cheap granite dust is, sharp sand is equally cheap and available in large quantities.

In general, the northern states have better quality of sharp sand and cheaper too.

In the same vein, good laterite is also a scarce resource in some locations. Infact, it was my undergraduate project to determine other materials that could be used to improve laterite found to have low density. My colleagues used stuff like broken glasses, limestone and fly ash to improve concrete while i used bagasse ash to improve laterite.

All these are beside my point. My point is, given good sharp sand and granite dust at the same cost, sharp sand is a better fine aggregate. Even if granite dust is cheaper, it still doesnt change the fact that sharp sand is still better.

Am afraid of posting the link, it usually gets me a ban. However, this is a screen shot of the one i quoted. Google the title and you can download it.

n3xt:
"Quality Sharp Sand" like River Sand. I think those guys (Construction Giants) are doing this to reduce their cost. It's cheaper for JB, Setraco and the likes to buy a dredger and start dredging sand from the whole of Lagos not minding the ecological effect on the land.

I'm ready for a crushed granite fine vs quality sharp sand compressivity test challenge. In terms of cost and strength, I think granite fine will do better than sand for concrete applications.


Brabus

Thats what you think, granite dust remains a quarry waste product and no construction company is allowed to use it as subtitute for sharp sand. I am sure there are researches to use it as additive but not to replace sharp sand.

Quarry dust in Abuja is cheaper than sharp sand but still not prefered by top construction companies. Its not the cost, its standard practice. The stone dust can only be considered when its cheaper.

Unfortunately, my site is closed and i have no access to the lab for now.

Modified:

I just read 2 journals about this.

1.One researched 100% granite dust and 100% sharp sand as fine aggregate for grade 25 and 40 concrete. The conclusion had "The strength achieved in concrete made with sand as fine aggregate achieved high strengths when compared
with Quarry stone dust concrete". However, the results show that both materials achieved their targeted grades. This meant that sharp sand and granite dust both made the grade 25 concrete but sand was higher.

2. This research only used granite dust as percentage of the fine aggregate. The research used 30, 40 and 50% granite mixed with 70, 60 and 50% sharp sand resp. This research documents marginal increase in strength but limited under 50%. It means it is good to mix quarry dust with cement but must be below 50% of the fine aggregate portion.

In summary, quarry dust can be used as an economical subtitute to sharp sand but not a better material for general flexural strength in a concrete member.

Also, on fire resistance, sharp sand is still better from the first journal.

n3xt:
OMG! I thought I was going to see some laboratory test report. Reason for your result as follows:


1. The workability of crushed granite fine requires more quantity of water than river sand because of the size and shape
2. Manual mixture
3. Your mix ratio
4. Is the mix properly vibrated to remove air pocket as granite dust will have more air pockets than river sand when not vibrated.
5. Type of test carried out and the mould used for the collection of sample.

In actual sense, granite dust will give higher value than an all-sand concrete mix. It's only recommended where it's economically cheap like and sourcing river sand is difficult. You won't see more people using it in Lagos due to scarcity but you'll see more of it in Ondo, Ogun and some part of Ibadan.

Do you know I got different result from the same mix while using marine board and timber for formwork? Reason: Water loss in timber formwork is higher than marine board formwork.

Brabus

I can bet, if quality sharp sand is used, that sharp sand would beat granite dust.

There are two qualities of sharp sand that is unbeatable; shapes of individual sand particles and grading (sizes).

In real structural use of concrete, stone (granite) dust is prohibited. Big companies such as JB, Dantata&Sawoe, Setraco etc all have their own quarry that produces this dust but choose to sell it and still buy sharp sand.

Miscellaneous:
Okay. The test was conducted for the sole purpose to see how fine aggregate as do coarse aggregate influence the desired strength of concrete. For this purpose, two tests were conducted with one using granite dust as fine aggregate & the other using the popular laterite (sharp sand). You see, before now, there have always been mixed reactions concerning this granite dust but, the below results nipped it in the bud. Now, my findings:

1. The granite dust gave a blending color to the mix as oppose to sharp sand.
2. The granite dust proves very difficult to bond with the mix ( I used trowel for both experiments & I'm certain it is same even with an automated mixer)
3. The desired strength was 25N/mm² but, sharp sand gave me 26N/mm² while granite dust gave 16N/mm²
4. For some reason, I believe the workability of sharp sand is better than granite dust.

Since it was a time limited experiment, I couldn't make a general conclusion but, however, the strength is what really left me dazed.
N:B ==> A mix of 1: 3/2 : 3 ( 4: 6: 12) was used which I believe does not have any detrimental effect on the suppose granite dust. It's just a mix, afterall.

I made the summary as short as I could.


Cc: Abdulwastecx, Egunmogaji , n3xt

Let me point out that

Laterite is NOT the same thing as sharp sand. Laterite is a soil which is rich in iron which gives it a reddish colour while sharp sand is sand which is free from dirt or soil and of angular shapes.

Secondly, on point 3. To conclude on that compressive strenght, i expected that you have done the tests properly. Properly means casting a minimum of 3 standard cubes of 1000cm³ or 3,375cm³ each for granite dust and sharp sand, the average of the compressive strengths taken. Also, the proper test should have compared atleast average compressive strenght at 7days and at 28days not forgetting curing by complete submersion in water.

This way alot of errors should have been eliminated.

Before your experiment is considered, i have to be sure it meets minimum standard since casting just one cube is still an inconclusive result. I have seen where concrete from the same batch had a wide difference in compressive strength. Imagine having a result like 25, 27 and 14N/mm2 on 3 cubes of the same concrete batch. Thats even machine mixed o, not to talk of hand mix that gives alot of consistency errors.

jauntty:
Am late to the party.

Here is mine

-VA chart
-Lensometer
-Auto refractor

Optometrist am sure. Nice one.

cramjones:
While I believe that Chibok girls were kidnapped, in addition to hundreds more that the media never really focused on as the sensation that met the Chibok abduction, I have reasons to believe the girl being paraded might just be a scam to justify all the foreign aid that have been poured in for their rescue. Or a political tool to increase favorability ratings in this trying times. I hope it is real, but there are pores in this narrative to make one have some degree of doubt. Here are two reasons why I think we should all ask real and factual questions.


1. According to the official report, Amina and her colleagues were in school to sit for physics WAEC exams. She was an SS III student. The Amina that was "rescued" can cannot speak in English. She is being translated even when English is spoken to her. Do we have a Hausa version of physics? Was she really a student? Or is she simply a fake?

2. Two years ago, someone whol looks exactly like Amina was paraded by the military with a bomb strapped around her, as one of the child suicide bomber Boko Haram had sent to cause havoc. Is this just a coincidence or is that girl really Amina 2 years younger that the Amina that resurfaced two years later as a rescued girl. Kindly examine the picture and make your conclusions. What are the odds in a country of 180 million people that two girls connected with Boko Haram would look exactly alike? (Refer to the pictures)

3. Think about it, in a rescue operation of about 200 girls, is it possible that just one can be rescued at a time? I understand they maybe in splinter groups, but the army rescuing just one is very very doubtful. Amina Ali was kidnapped no doubt, but was she even a student? Was she just rescued now. Why does she look exactly like the girl kidnapped by Boko Haram that was strapped with a bomb?

There have been so many scams with Boko Haram. From a few individuals stealing 2.1billion $ to Generals carting away millions of USD in private jets, to Mama Peace becoming a Nollywood sensation on her "there is God o" mantra. I just hope that this is not another scam.


-CramJones

You have embarassed yourself with this thread.

In saner climes, its either you submit an apology or be refered to an optician.

I just wonder how something can be so obvious but people like you insist on lies and half truths.

mencade5:
Shehu God bless you. If you remain true and sincere without being bias on religious matter in kaduna state i see you as the next governor of the state.

Correct man


by the way mess hell roof high

I see Shehu Sani aiming for that ultimate seat of Kaduna. I do not like his divisionary moves but el Rufai is helping him to to the seat.

Shehu Sani seam to be the only thorn in el rufai's flesh. Thats only because the governor is a self righteous, ill mannered, bigot who sees not good in anybody other than himself. From his policies one is confused on how he came to so dumb but claims to have had a first class.