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luxoire:healthy jealousy is ok but how do you define that? |
[size=18pt]Jesus Christ is Everything - Paul Washer[/size] this is something to think about http://www.tangle.com/view_video.php?viewkey=8742977b76e3475fae47 &utm_source=newsletter0629&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=weeklytopvideos |
ifound this video interesting Jesus Christ is Everything - Paul Washer http://www.tangle.com/view_video.php?viewkey=8742977b76e3475fae47 &utm_source=newsletter0629&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=weeklytopvideos |
Gov Daniel treacherous –Alausa By RAZAQ BAMIDELE and WILLY EYA Wednesday, July 1, 2009 The controversy over blood oath taking in Ogun State deepened on Tuesday as the embattled lawmaker Wale Alausa alleged that virtually all elected officers were compelled to take allegiance oath to support Governor Gbenga Daniel. The lawmaker, flanked by his colleagues including the Speaker of the State House of Assembly, Tunji Egbetokun made the allegation at a press conference in Lagos. Alausa whose nude picture was taken while taking blood oath was published in the media re-emphasised before journalists that Governor Daniel was the mastermind of the fetish act, which according to him, was being manipulated to blackmail him. “I was used, dumped and abused by the same man that is now trying to pin a label of a fetish oath taker on me,” he said, describing Daniel as a treacherous individual. The lawmaker nearly broke down in tears while relating the harrowing experience he allegedly went through in the hands of the state governor. “When the story about the oath-taking first came out, my first instinct was to hide myself given the shame and ridicule that the Governor of Ogun State, Otunba Gbenga Daniel, is trying to put my family to. But following spiritual advice to that effect, I have no choice but to continue with what my conscience had earlier asked me to do, struggle for justice on behalf of my immediate constituency in Ijebu Ode, and Ogun State citizens in general. “Friends, colleagues and people that I don’t even know have been calling me all kinds of names with abuses for taking a fetish oath. Some even went as far as to say I am a desperate politician who wants to remain in office to enjoy the spoils of politics by all means necessary. To such people, I say, forgive me. I am sorry. But you also need to understand where I am coming from and why I did what was reported by Otunba Gbenga Daniel’s newspaper in a manipulative way. I was used, dumped and abused by the same man that is now trying to pin a label of a fetish oath-taker on me. “As a Yoruba, and an Ijebu for that matter, I am not an Omo Ale (bastard). I challenge you journalists here and those of your colleagues in Ogun State to go back and check my past activities as a member of the Ogun State House of Assembly. I was a very vibrant member of the Group of 15 credible legislators who declared through our removal of Hon. Titilayo Oseni as Speaker last year that we’ve had enough of civilian dictatorship in Ogun State. We stood our ground despite physical and spiritual threats to our lives. We were called names. They even said we took money from the former Lagos State Governor, Asiwaju Bola Tinubu, to effect Oseni’s removal. But to God be the glory that the people of Ogun State and Nigerians interested in the affairs of our state have seen through that falsehood. “Now, back to the issue of Omo Ale. It may surprise you to know that my father is the Chairman of the Ogun East Senatorial District of the Peoples Democratic (PDP). He is a well-respected title-holder as Otun Balogun of Ijebuland. Following our action against Oseni last year, pressures were mounted on my father to prevail on me to withdraw my support for the Speaker, Rt. Hon. Tunji Egbetokun. My father knows he has a principled son. His response to Otunba Gbenga Daniel each time such pressure came was that his son is an adult with a family of his own, who is able to take decisions without recourse to him. However, when the pressures on my father became too much, he became the butt of jokes in party circles. It was as if he could not control his son. Suddenly, a non-existent Ogun East Elders Council was formed by Otunba Gbenga Daniel to usurp the functions of the constitutionally recognised Ogun East Senatorial District Executive headed by my father. Daddy was thoroughly disgraced wherever he went in the state by agents of Otunba Gbenga Daniel. Nevertheless, he did not budge. He left me to decide what is best for my constituency without putting any pressure on me. But the involvement of our royal father, (names withheld) by Otunba Gbenga Daniel, I believe, made my father bent a rule which he imbibed in us from childhood that, once we believe in something we should face it squarely without fear of anyone except Almighty Allah (SWT). “You may want to check past editions of your newspapers to confirm what I am about to say. Somewhere along the line, the G-15 became G-14. This was celebrated in Otunba Gbenga Daniel’s newspaper as well as others without mentioning my name. But I hereby confess I was the one who left the group to pledge allegiance to the Governor following the untold pressure on my dad, especially the need to respect our royal father. The condition of pledging allegiance to Otunba Gbenga Daniel was humiliating, but before the Almighty Allah who created me, I stuck to my guns that unless he also took the same oath, I will refuse to do so. “You might then wonder how the photograph came about. Long before then, especially before the 2007 elections shortly after the party primaries, Otunba Gbenga Daniel, had ensured that most, if not all those seeking elective offices took the oath of allegiance to him. You can ask your colleagues in Ogun State, if they are honest, they will also tell you that there is no Council Chairman that did not take the oath before their elections. But at that time, they know my background and they know such a thing could not be forced on me because the role I’ll play in the election will even be more than all of them combined together. So, I was left alone. But it was my dad they believed will hold me anytime they want. “One thing I thank God for in all of these is that the confidence of my colleagues which I betrayed because I do not want to be labelled an Omo Ale has been restored by God Himself. Because how can one explain Otunba Gbenga Daniel’s release of a photograph he took deceitfully? I know he has been angry because he expected I’ll return to the G-15 and begin passing details of our meeting to him. But I refused. The oath I took was to the effect that I will not be among those who will impeach him from office. It did not include spying on my colleagues. Part of the argument was that as an Ijebu, I should not allow the Egba to disgrace our son, Otunba Gbenga Daniel. I agreed after that pressure from my dad. But it was a reluctant decision, which I made as a dutiful Yoruba son to a father who has been everything to me.” Speaking further at the press conference, Alausa who represents Ijebu Ode state constituency alleged that Governor Daniel ensured that elected officers take the oath of allegiance shortly after primaries of the People Democratic Party (PDP) before the last election in the state. Alausa maintained that he was not alone and gave graphic details of how the state governor subjected the assembly members and other elected officers to take oath before the last general election in the state. |
Nude pictures: Publish more if you have any By Moshood Adebayo, Abeokuta Wednesday, July 1, 2009 Photo: The Sun Publishing More Stories on This Section The leadership of the Ogun State House of Assembly has dared Ogun State Governor, Otunba Gbenga Daniel, who they identified as the sole proprietor of the Compass Newspaper that published an obscene picture of one of them to go ahead and publish more. The newspaper last Monday published a nude picture of Hon. Wale Alausa where it was alleged that the member representing Ijebu-Ode State Constituency was involved in blood oath. The newspaper also threatened to publish more of such messy pictures about the lawmakers who appeared to be against Governor Daniel’s administration in its subsequent editions. Addressing a press conference at the Committee Room on Tuesday after a solidarity rally with Alausa who had earlier addressed a press conference in Lagos, the Speaker of the House, Hon. Tunji Egbetokun, described the development as unfortunate, messy and stinking. “He (Daniel) caused the photograph to be published because he’s the owner of the paper. Let him publish other ones if he has them. The whole things is unfortunate, messy and stinking which I know he would be regretting by now. “How could you publish such a photograph of a honourable member from the same party with you in your newspaper? He had acted on a bad advice of some people who surround him. “Let him go ahead to publish more, but I know he does not have the pictures of any one of us here. If he has my own, let him publish it through all manners of publication anywhere and I can assure him I will not go to court. “Why are they threatening us that they have more of such pictures. They did not tell us they had Hon. Alausa’s picture before they did what they did. Let me tell you if they had any more of such pictures, they would have posted that of Hon. Remi Hassan because he’s a pastor. That would have been more marketable for them than anybody else.” Egbetokun, who was the immediate past secretary to the Obafemi-Owode Local Government also admitted that he once took oath of allegiance at the instance of Governor Daniel before the 2007 election. “Yes, I once took oath of allegiance to Governor Daniel, that was during the 2007 election but I was not naked. It was right at his house in Sagamu.” Egbetokun, who spoke in the presence of the G.15 member excluding Alausa, who though was within the Assembly complex but was attending to some people from his constituency listed some of the names of those that took the oath with him. Egbetokun, who said the House would investigate and take proper action on the Alausa’s saga also alleged that 80 percent of office holders are spiritualists. Meanwhile, elders of the ruling Peopls Democratic Party (PDP) in Imeko-Afon Local Government Area of the state have described the allegation by Alausa as “mother of all deceptions”. The Chairman of the forum, Chief Sina Adejobi described Alausa as a devilish man. “His admission that the photograph published in Monday’s edition of Nigerian Compass where he appeared naked while taking the blood oath had shown that he belongs to the kingdom of darkness. He should kneel down before God and pray for forgiveness otherwise, the wrath of God will be kindled upon him.” http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/news/national/2009/july/01/national-01-07-2009-04.htm |
Lagosboy:lagosboy i am trying to keep loving you as i should but i find your defence of obscene behaviours in the name of islam offensive. must you reduce your life to religion and sentiments? i have written here before of a pakistani ill treating a nigeria ( calabar) maid. i knew this personally cos they were neighbours. poor girl got raped and nearly got deported because she would not abort. i know you are young but learn to be a member of the human race first before your religious head and heart shows up. |
LadyT:0% i give them. they are BADD. went there last year and they were stupid to the last man until the mad woman at the counter knew i had access to her boss. kokorunna:i like that chaircover:they lost me and the mrs too. went to abuja in may to get hers so no more visa biz for a while. they are stupidly stupid. i know 2 people there who keep saying they have too much work load and they are not properly funded. no excuse. |
nethacker:u are funny |
A Marriage Without Regret Featuring Kay Arthur https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cr5jjXJLmxs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QZE_IMOd58w |
[quote author=Tudór link=topic=289684.msg4117277#msg4117277 date=1246442434]Whats wrong with allowing people to dress how they like in church? ![]() Does god look at your dressing?[/quote]a man of your mindset will like nude women going into churches. |
Ogaga4Luv:did u say your mum was a baptist preacher? |
omo oloye:we are beginning to get bankers blowing their horns here. |
[quote author=chummy_bro link=topic=290474.msg4111741#msg4111741 date=1246358836]Hello to every woman on board and also to every man too, please I need your help. I want you all working in different organisation and Establishment to help me with maternity issues in your Establishments. these are the issues: 1) Pls how long is the maternity leave in your office or Establishment. 2) Pls during the leave, are you entitled to all the allowances as per your salary or is there any subtraction or addition? 3) Pls after the leave, when you final resume work, do you resume and also close with other colleagues? 4) pls do you have medicals in your Establishment? If yes, does it include you Delivery, or do sponsor it yourself? 5) pls in you Establishment, if you go on maternity leave this year, does it mean you can not go for maternity leave next year? must you stay up to two years after before you can go for maternity leave again? 6) whats the welfare package for a new born baby in your Establishment. Please I need a reply to this topic, and a reliable reply. Even if you are not married ( I mean have not gone for maternity leave before, and you have an idea of how it is done in you Establishment, pls do well to send in your reply and my prayer is that soon you will go on such leave) Men who have knowledge of this topic pls, send in your replies too. Thank you all as you give a good reliable reply to this.[/quote]u wan carry belle or wetin be all this baby thing all over the place? |
sistawoman:thank God. Jesus Christ makes you whole |
debosky:debos your theory nawao. she may just be more matured to handle this now. i know we come from a society almost everyone lie as if our lives depends on it she could just be telling the truth.[quote author=Akin, UK link=topic=290766.msg4115827#msg4115827 date=1246403824]I have a girl friend for five years and when we met, she told me she was a virgin. Her mother equally told me the same story that her two female children were not waywards and I believed and I told her that so I am and never known any girl up till now. We moved together for 3yrs b4 I left Naija and I kept her as I met her. Before I left Naija more than two years ago, we went privately (only the two of us) to the registry to register the wedding. Today, she was asking me whether I want to marry her because she told me she was a virgin but I have never thought of that question because all the ladies that have have been my friends have always been virgins. The last was the one we did MSc together in UI in 2003. I have never asked any of them and neither did I tell them that I have not known any woman. The way I used to discover used to be when I attempt to act as if I wanted to make love with them and they would tell me they have never done it b4 and I tell them mine story as well. Now this my fiancee (already registered as wife) is now telling me that she is not sure because when she was in secondary school at 17yr old, his boy friend attempted to finger her but she shouted when she felt the pain and when the guy wanted to insert her screw, she prevented him by shouting. Now she said she is feeling she is still a virgin because she did not see any blood during the incident and did not know how far the guy's finger penetrated. She came to visit me in UK and wanted us to have sex but I told her we are yet to get the Godly and moral licence from God thru church wedding which we both aim to do soon. Can a lady be a virgin and not sure ??Ladies and gentlemen of Naira land, what do you think of her and how do you think I shud react?[/quote]o boy well done for keeping yourself and saying no to temptation. still continue to keep yourself pure but make sure you go marry soon becos the body is no fire wood. on the small matter of being married in the registry you are already married because you were not able to keep God out of that registry room. He is everywhere. a pastor said there is always a silent listener/ witness everywhere. i am not saying go and shag her now but that you are already married in Gods sight cos the govts are agents of God like the church. |
Tosinmama:GRA is full now. you may get some free land near or after ogba zoo. be carefull on the net though |
[quote author=chummy_bro link=topic=144035.msg2396334#msg2396334 date=1213957543]Please what is wrong When will this crisis stop , NIGER DELTA what is it? Please people of Niger Delta what exactly is you problem Especially Rivers State , You people of Niger Delta are fighting for what, that FG should do this and that for you, is a pity that you people are very uncivilized and that is why the sense of judgment is very poor. Please can you tell me which other states in Nigeria has received one tenth of what you receive or what FG has done for you people, yet you people are still agitating for stupid right. You know your problem but leave it to pursue shadows. In employment, companies in River State gives you people preferential treat, not as if some of you are well qualified, yet you won’t allow peace to reign. What have your Governors that are from your place done for you yet he receives money to develop the state, you all know your state politicians squander your money and has refused to fight them instead you fight the wrong people. I bet you, if only you can get hold of your governor and the state politicians to do their work, Rivers State will be better than NY. Look at Peter Odili, what did he do? He shared money here and there and yet you militants can not lay hold of him. Most roads are in bad shape in PH is because the contract are awarded to the indigenes who pockets the money yet you all knows the truth and refuse to fight for the truth. They give you people scholarships here and there even to study abroad, yet you can not leave up to the responsibilities, why abroad on school you people still for militants, go to your secondary schools and see how cult is dominating there at that stage. Over grown adults are still in secondary school. WHAT IS YOUR PROBLEM? Why not look within and solve it amongst yourself with your leaders, why should you allow the unfaithful leaders go scot-free, only to fight and kidnap people here and there. Why would your chiefs sponsor youths into evil acts? Can some one clearly define your problems and reasons for agitating and militancy and kidnapping 70 out of 100 youths out there are illiterates and militants yet there are opportunity for them, Is only in Rivers State that below average students that are indigenes are giving admission into higher Institution, they pay them huge amount of bursary yet they will drop out of school to practice militancy and you think you are a hero Other tribes and states are trying despite that they don’t have opportunity as you people. SO WHATS YOUR PROBLEM Is quite a pity that you people don’t have case just go and trash it out with your leaders. You people should have a rethink for God’s sake. STOP KIDNAPPIN, STOP MILITANCY, STOP! STOP!! STOP!!![/quote][quote author=chummy_bro link=topic=144035.msg2396334#msg2396334 date=1213957543]Please what is wrong When will this crisis stop , NIGER DELTA what is it? Please people of Niger Delta what exactly is you problem Especially Rivers State , You people of Niger Delta are fighting for what, that FG should do this and that for you, is a pity that you people are very uncivilized and that is why the sense of judgment is very poor. Please can you tell me which other states in Nigeria has received one tenth of what you receive or what FG has done for you people, yet you people are still agitating for stupid right. You know your problem but leave it to pursue shadows. In employment, companies in River State gives you people preferential treat, not as if some of you are well qualified, yet you won’t allow peace to reign. What have your Governors that are from your place done for you yet he receives money to develop the state, you all know your state politicians squander your money and has refused to fight them instead you fight the wrong people. I bet you, if only you can get hold of your governor and the state politicians to do their work, Rivers State will be better than NY. Look at Peter Odili, what did he do? He shared money here and there and yet you militants can not lay hold of him. Most roads are in bad shape in PH is because the contract are awarded to the indigenes who pockets the money yet you all knows the truth and refuse to fight for the truth. They give you people scholarships here and there even to study abroad, yet you can not leave up to the responsibilities, why abroad on school you people still for militants, go to your secondary schools and see how cult is dominating there at that stage. Over grown adults are still in secondary school. WHAT IS YOUR PROBLEM? Why not look within and solve it amongst yourself with your leaders, why should you allow the unfaithful leaders go scot-free, only to fight and kidnap people here and there. Why would your chiefs sponsor youths into evil acts? Can some one clearly define your problems and reasons for agitating and militancy and kidnapping 70 out of 100 youths out there are illiterates and militants yet there are opportunity for them, Is only in Rivers State that below average students that are indigenes are giving admission into higher Institution, they pay them huge amount of bursary yet they will drop out of school to practice militancy and you think you are a hero Other tribes and states are trying despite that they don’t have opportunity as you people. SO WHATS YOUR PROBLEM Is quite a pity that you people don’t have case just go and trash it out with your leaders. You people should have a rethink for God’s sake. STOP KIDNAPPIN, STOP MILITANCY, STOP! STOP!! STOP!!![/quote]some things are beyond your pay grade this is one of them. nigeria not just the govts. in this region have cheated this people beyond believe. nothing justifies the non challant attitude we have had tpwards them. we collective bred this monster |
KunleOshob:yes especially when we allow foot our kingdom bills |
Ogaga4Luv:rubbish. does mustafa ( npbhu) lie too? |
sleek29:most mole use violence to mask thier confussion |
MRbrownJAY:chei u sabi yabis o. |
dis your name na rumour abi? leave the girl alone. must u sleep with every girl u say hello to? you no go read your boook now later you go say na mama sikira witchcraft make you no pass exam |
noetic2:ibin abuzola and his likes are not worth reading |
@ chummy_bro We need to know that sex before marriage in any religion whatsoever is wrong!!!, so why do we engage in it. Bible says that it is a sin against your own self, most people has made that mistake and are still making, it doesn’t make it right, it is very wrong. Well I can not say that Virgins make the best home or marriage. Virginity and character are not the same but are related it some ways. May I address this to Ladies, when you are in a relationship that you have involved your self in sex, when it breaks up, you feel more pain than if you never did it. Most men are only interested in having sex with you and that’s all. Though not all relationship should end up in marriage, but for the sake of pride and honour, why will you have sex with a man that is and will not be your husband? Is simply not right.so good to know there are people like you in the midst of the mostly morally bankrupt people we have become |
seyenko:nigerians generally have something for nothing mindset so ignore the complaints. ReachRich:i am generally a defender of all things UBA i cant defend this. i used to get calls from some staff from being driven out by landlords and not able to pay school fees name it. i dont know why they attract people like this. i think it is all part of being nigerians. it is very sad. GTB is a good bank too. |
[size=20pt]The Edo Alphabet: A Look At The Benin Letters And Sounds[/size] By RICHMOND .E. IDAEHO It is specifically important at this point to direct attention at the alphabetical system of the Edo people, considering the present circumstances of the Edo language, which is almost fading away as a result of the influence of other cultures within and outside the Nation state, Nigeria, in which the Edo ethnic group occupy the present Edo state’ and by extension, parts of Ondo, Delta, and Anambra states. Language, it should be noted, is part of a people’s culture. It is the one most important means of expressing a people’s culture, values, and beliefs. It is used for communication, interaction and exchange of ideas. Consequently, the extent to which a people’s language is developed and influenced necessarily reflects upon the culture of the people, and a change or loss of language invariably affects the perception of the people; viz their culture and socio-cultural realities. thus, language is a means of experiencing, and perceiving the environment and at same time, of communicating same to others. In view of the foregoing, the Edo language is therefore the medium of interaction within the cultural frame of the Edo people. The unit constituents of language are the alphabets, and to properly understand the nature of the Edo language, it is important to have recourse to the alphabets and sounds which make up the language. In this piece, the focus will be the Edo - Benin/Bini tribe of the Edoic race or ethnic group. The objective of this paper is to present the Edo alphabet and sounds in relation to the Edo language as core to the people’s socio cultural’ development and survival, and to expose certain misapplication of. the language and/or introduction’ of foreign letters and sounds into the Edo alphabet. Here the words Edo, Benin and Bini shall be used interchangeably. There are 24 alphabets in the Edo language with 7 (vowels and 17 consonants. Interestingly, there are also 7 pairs of consonants (that is the pair or double consonants) which though are not part of the 24 consonant letters. They occupy a special category in the Edo alphabetical system and are pronounced differently from the single consonants. The Benin letters include the following: a/aa/; b/bi/; d/di/; e/a; e/e/; f/fi/; g/gi/; i/i/;; h/hi/; k/k a I; 1/1 a I; m/mi/; n/nil; o/;Q/or/ p/pi/; r/ril; s/si/; tltil; u/uu/; v/vi/; w/wi/; y/yi/; z/zi/. The vowels include a; e;e;i o/o;and u, while the consonants are b· d· f· g. h· k· I· m· n· p: r· s· t· v· w· y. and z The double consonants, which are combinations of two consonant letters and sounds, include the following: gb, as in Ugbowo; gh, as in ughe; kh as in Ekhosuehi; kp as in Akpakpava; rh, as in Erhun; mw as in Omwan; and vb as in Ovbokhan. These’ double consonants are pronounced together and not separately or arbitrarily choosing and pronouncing one of them as most people, of other ethnic groups, do. There are also corresponding double consonants in other Edoic groups or tribes. For example bh, as in Ibhadomen; kp as in Okpebho; gh as in Ighalo in Esan. In Etsako, there is vh as in Ivhador etc. The bh in Esan and vh . in Etsako, are closely pronounced like the vb in Benin. Also to be noted is wh as in Emoborowho; kp as in Akpo; gh as in oghene; rh as Omoriobokirhie; in Urhobo and ts as in Oritsejafo in Itsekiri etc.· It is clear from the above that there is no j/ji/ in the Benin alphabet nor is there the shl C / or kr/kri/ double consonants or sounds. It is therefore surprising how certain ,words purportedly claimed to be Bini words are then pronounced or even spelt with “j” and “sh”, “kr”, etc. This is. rather a misnomer and a far shift from the Bini language, hence the people’s socio-cultural reality. A people’s alphabetical system constitutes the basis of their word formation (morphology) and the sound dictates their pronunciation (phonetics). The language of· the people therefore is predicated upon the variety of letters and symbols available in that particular culture for the construction of its language as language is “a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols”. Hence, words cannot be formed in isolation but necessarily from a system of conventional signs, sounds, and gestures. Linguistic formation, in other words, follows the alphabetical systems of such linguistic groups. As such, no symbol or sound not being part of the linguistic system cat”: be used to form words within such linguistic cum cultural frame. This is because a people’s culture is essentially tied to the language, as what cannot be expressed by the language of a people is considered not to exist - at least there is lack of knowledge of its existence - within the cultural realities of the people, and a people’s expression of their realities and existence through language is limited by the symbols and sounds used for such purpose. Thus, it is through language, that the knowledge, belief, values and behaviour of a people can be experienced, expressed and shared. Consequently, no words could be formed in a particular culture or language where the letters) and/or sound(s) used does not occur in the alphabetical system of that culture. Accordingly, the use of the “t and “sh” symbol and sound in the formation of certain words within the Bini lingua context is practically inappropriate and intolerable as neither the single letter “j” nor the double consonants “sh” as well as their sounds can be found in the Edo alphabetical system. Although, sociologically, language is flexible, ‘yet a foreign or new or modified word, symbol or sound cannot be regarded as belonging to the given culture unless’ and until it is forthwith included in the linguistic/alphabetical frame of such people. There is, therefore, no word as “Jesu” or “ljesu” or any of its inflections as in “Jesurobo”, in the ‘Edo language. Similarly, there are no words like “Oshodin”, “Ologboshere”, “Iyashere”, “Tatashe”, etc whether in their spellings or pronunciation, in the Benin language. These are improper words or names and do not, reasonably and culturally speaking, fit into the Benin linguistics or socio-cultural realities. This is because there is no “j” letter nor the “Stl” in the Bini alphabet. Words which are expressed with such symbols are not B-ini words neither in their spelling, as in “Oshodin” nor in their pronunciation /osodin/. However, an accurate spelling and pronunciation of these words would exclude the “j” symbol and substitute it with “y” as in “Yesu”, “Iye”, whereas “oshodin”, “tatashe”, will loss the “h” letter and the “sh”1s1 sound to become “Osodin”, “tat’ase”, “Iyase” etc. ‘ The use of the “j” and “sh” letters and sounds is due partly to inadequate knowledge of the Edo, alphabet and partly to the influence of foreign and local cultures. For example “Jesu” is a corruption of the foreign word Jesus and in an attempt to arrive, at a near accurate translation of the word, the letter “j” was equally used for the localized name, disregarding the fact that the “j” letter does not exist in the Benin alphabet. The common misapplication and mispronunciation of the “y’ letter and sound for “j” also aided this inaccurate and intolerable transliteration. As for example, in some homes you hear some children call their mother “ije” rather than “iye”. , The, occurrence of the “j” letter in some Edoic culture like U-le Esan, as well, hastens its use in the Benin language . The “sh”/ S I and “Ch”/tS I sound can be found in some Nigerian languages like Haus3, Yoruba and Igbo. In unequivocal terms, neither the “j” nor the “sh” feature in the Benin language. It ‘will be submitted that though, the “j” and “sh” symbols and sounds form part of the linguistics of some Nigerian languages, they are however not included in that of the Benin - the primordial Edoic tribe - and as such cannot ‘be used for constructing or forming words, names or anything whatsoever within the cultural existence and experience of the, people. Until these symbols and sounds are so incorporated into the Benin alphabetical system, they, and whatever words are formed therefrom, remain linguistic misnomers. http://www.nigerianobservernews.com/30062009/features/indexa.html |
javalove:like he is guiding osama bin ladin and he guided your cousins into flying planes into twin towers killing innocent souls . i dont like satanic guidance do you? |
[size=24pt]The Edo Alphabet: A Look At The Benin Letters And Sounds[/size] By RICHMOND .E. IDAEHO It is specifically important at this point to direct attention at the alphabetical system of the Edo people, considering the present circumstances of the Edo language, which is almost fading away as a result of the influence of other cultures within and outside the Nation state, Nigeria, in which the Edo ethnic group occupy the present Edo state’ and by extension, parts of Ondo, Delta, and Anambra states. Language, it should be noted, is part of a people’s culture. It is the one most important means of expressing a people’s culture, values, and beliefs. It is used for communication, interaction and exchange of ideas. Consequently, the extent to which a people’s language is developed and influenced necessarily reflects upon the culture of the people, and a change or loss of language invariably affects the perception of the people; viz their culture and socio-cultural realities. thus, language is a means of experiencing, and perceiving the environment and at same time, of communicating same to others. In view of the foregoing, the Edo language is therefore the medium of interaction within the cultural frame of the Edo people. The unit constituents of language are the alphabets, and to properly understand the nature of the Edo language, it is important to have recourse to the alphabets and sounds which make up the language. In this piece, the focus will be the Edo - Benin/Bini tribe of the Edoic race or ethnic group. The objective of this paper is to present the Edo alphabet and sounds in relation to the Edo language as core to the people’s socio cultural’ development and survival, and to expose certain misapplication of. the language and/or introduction’ of foreign letters and sounds into the Edo alphabet. Here the words Edo, Benin and Bini shall be used interchangeably. There are 24 alphabets in the Edo language with 7 (vowels and 17 consonants. Interestingly, there are also 7 pairs of consonants (that is the pair or double consonants) which though are not part of the 24 consonant letters. They occupy a special category in the Edo alphabetical system and are pronounced differently from the single consonants. The Benin letters include the following: a/aa/; b/bi/; d/di/; e/a; e/e/; f/fi/; g/gi/; i/i/;; h/hi/; k/k a I; 1/1 a I; m/mi/; n/nil; o/;Q/or/ p/pi/; r/ril; s/si/; tltil; u/uu/; v/vi/; w/wi/; y/yi/; z/zi/. The vowels include a; e;e;i o/o;and u, while the consonants are b· d· f· g. h· k· I· m· n· p: r· s· t· v· w· y. and z The double consonants, which are combinations of two consonant letters and sounds, include the following: gb, as in Ugbowo; gh, as in ughe; kh as in Ekhosuehi; kp as in Akpakpava; rh, as in Erhun; mw as in Omwan; and vb as in Ovbokhan. These’ double consonants are pronounced together and not separately or arbitrarily choosing and pronouncing one of them as most people, of other ethnic groups, do. There are also corresponding double consonants in other Edoic groups or tribes. For example bh, as in Ibhadomen; kp as in Okpebho; gh as in Ighalo in Esan. In Etsako, there is vh as in Ivhador etc. The bh in Esan and vh . in Etsako, are closely pronounced like the vb in Benin. Also to be noted is wh as in Emoborowho; kp as in Akpo; gh as in oghene; rh as Omoriobokirhie; in Urhobo and ts as in Oritsejafo in Itsekiri etc.· It is clear from the above that there is no j/ji/ in the Benin alphabet nor is there the shl C / or kr/kri/ double consonants or sounds. It is therefore surprising how certain ,words purportedly claimed to be Bini words are then pronounced or even spelt with “j” and “sh”, “kr”, etc. This is. rather a misnomer and a far shift from the Bini language, hence the people’s socio-cultural reality. A people’s alphabetical system constitutes the basis of their word formation (morphology) and the sound dictates their pronunciation (phonetics). The language of· the people therefore is predicated upon the variety of letters and symbols available in that particular culture for the construction of its language as language is “a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols”. Hence, words cannot be formed in isolation but necessarily from a system of conventional signs, sounds, and gestures. Linguistic formation, in other words, follows the alphabetical systems of such linguistic groups. As such, no symbol or sound not being part of the linguistic system cat”: be used to form words within such linguistic cum cultural frame. This is because a people’s culture is essentially tied to the language, as what cannot be expressed by the language of a people is considered not to exist - at least there is lack of knowledge of its existence - within the cultural realities of the people, and a people’s expression of their realities and existence through language is limited by the symbols and sounds used for such purpose. Thus, it is through language, that the knowledge, belief, values and behaviour of a people can be experienced, expressed and shared. Consequently, no words could be formed in a particular culture or language where the letters) and/or sound(s) used does not occur in the alphabetical system of that culture. Accordingly, the use of the “t and “sh” symbol and sound in the formation of certain words within the Bini lingua context is practically inappropriate and intolerable as neither the single letter “j” nor the double consonants “sh” as well as their sounds can be found in the Edo alphabetical system. Although, sociologically, language is flexible, ‘yet a foreign or new or modified word, symbol or sound cannot be regarded as belonging to the given culture unless’ and until it is forthwith included in the linguistic/alphabetical frame of such people. There is, therefore, no word as “Jesu” or “ljesu” or any of its inflections as in “Jesurobo”, in the ‘Edo language. Similarly, there are no words like “Oshodin”, “Ologboshere”, “Iyashere”, “Tatashe”, etc whether in their spellings or pronunciation, in the Benin language. These are improper words or names and do not, reasonably and culturally speaking, fit into the Benin linguistics or socio-cultural realities. This is because there is no “j” letter nor the “Stl” in the Bini alphabet. Words which are expressed with such symbols are not B-ini words neither in their spelling, as in “Oshodin” nor in their pronunciation /osodin/. However, an accurate spelling and pronunciation of these words would exclude the “j” symbol and substitute it with “y” as in “Yesu”, “Iye”, whereas “oshodin”, “tatashe”, will loss the “h” letter and the “sh”1s1 sound to become “Osodin”, “tat’ase”, “Iyase” etc. ‘ The use of the “j” and “sh” letters and sounds is due partly to inadequate knowledge of the Edo, alphabet and partly to the influence of foreign and local cultures. For example “Jesu” is a corruption of the foreign word Jesus and in an attempt to arrive, at a near accurate translation of the word, the letter “j” was equally used for the localized name, disregarding the fact that the “j” letter does not exist in the Benin alphabet. The common misapplication and mispronunciation of the “y’ letter and sound for “j” also aided this inaccurate and intolerable transliteration. As for example, in some homes you hear some children call their mother “ije” rather than “iye”. , The, occurrence of the “j” letter in some Edoic culture like U-le Esan, as well, hastens its use in the Benin language . The “sh”/ S I and “Ch”/tS I sound can be found in some Nigerian languages like Haus3, Yoruba and Igbo. In unequivocal terms, neither the “j” nor the “sh” feature in the Benin language. It ‘will be submitted that though, the “j” and “sh” symbols and sounds form part of the linguistics of some Nigerian languages, they are however not included in that of the Benin - the primordial Edoic tribe - and as such cannot ‘be used for constructing or forming words, names or anything whatsoever within the cultural existence and experience of the, people. Until these symbols and sounds are so incorporated into the Benin alphabetical system, they, and whatever words are formed therefrom, remain linguistic misnomers. http://www.nigerianobservernews.com/30062009/features/indexa.html |
nice one |





I suspect the girl is a fake - why a story about when she was 17 is coming up now is suspicious - not before they went to registry, not at any other point, and now suddenly she wants to have sex as well? Fishy fishy fishy. 